Abstract: There are provided an evaporative/regenerative incineration system for organic waste water for incinerating organic waste water and volatile organic compounds completely at low expenses and a method therefor. Waste gas is generated by evaporating waste water including organic compounds in an evaporator and the generated waste gas is mixed with air in a regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) in flow communication with the evaporator for oxidation. The heat energy generated from the oxidation is collected and supplied to the evaporator.

Abstract: The chute is provided with a cutting apparatus which has a mating holder, a clamping slide and a cutting slide. To close the chute, the mating holder is moved inward approximately into the center of the chute and is locked. Then, the clamping slide is moved toward the mating holder, until ultimately they come into contact with one another and the chute is closed. If there is refuse between the mating holder and the clamping slide, and consequently the latter cannot reach its closed position, the cutting slide is activated, which cuts through the refuse clamped between the mating holder and clamping slide and bridges the gap between the mating holder and the clamping slide so as to form a seal.

Abstract: A burner system is described for burning granular pellets and similarly sized solid biomass heating fuel, e.g. wood pellets. It includes an air tight fire chamber having an exhaust outlet in an upper region thereof and a burner (10) in the bottom thereof for converting the solid fuel to fuel gases and ash in the presence of a limited air supply and combusting the gases formed. The burner comprises upright co-axial inner (12) and outer (11) cylindrical walls providing a confined central gasification/combustion chamber surrounded by an annular combustion air manifold (15). The annular combustion air manifold (15) is closed at the top and bottom with an air inlet (16) in the outer wall and a plurality of spaced aperatures (17) arranged in upward rows in the inner cylindrical wall providing air inlets from the combustion air manifold to the combustion zone of the chamber. A grate at the bottom of the gasification/combustion chamber holds the solid fuel while allowing ash to pass through the grate.

Abstract: In this process the material is passed through a precalcination device equipped with at least one fuel injector at the outlet of which a fuel injection zone is formed, then the at least partially calcined material is passed into the rotary kiln which at its downstream end, is equipped with a primary combustion unit. At least one oxygen rich fluid with an oxygen concentration by volume higher than that of the products of combustion from the rotary kiln is injected near to the injection zone so that the oxygen rich fluid can supply from 1% to 40%, and preferably form 1 to 10% of the stoichiometric amount of oxygen needed for the combustion of the fuel injected by the injector.

Abstract: Raw materials, including a metal oxide and a carbonaceous material, are supplied into a rotary hearth furnace. Then, the raw materials are heated and reduced by burners, which are arranged to cause a strong stirring action for an atmosphere around the raw materials, in an early reducing period that is defined as a period during which 70-80% of a total amount of a flammable gas generated from the raw materials is generated. In a latter period subsequent to the early reducing period, the raw materials are heated and reduced by burners arranged to cause a weak stirring action for an atmosphere around the raw materials, whereby a metal is manufactured. With the present invention, productivity can be improved and the fuel consumption per unit product can be reduced.

Abstract: In a method of supplying air to a pulverized solid fuel burner passing through the burner cowl of a furnace, the fuel is dried and then conveyed by means of a given large quantity of hot air, which may or may not be depleted in oxygen in a separator in which the fuel is extracted from it. The fuel is then conveyed to the burner by means of a first portion only of the air from which the fuel has been removed. This conveyor air portion is used as primary combustion-supporting air for burning the fuel in the burner, into which the first portion of air, mixed with the fuel it conveys, is fed via an annular duct. The other portion of the hot air purified in the separator is used at least as additional primary combustion-supporting and flame adjustment air and is fed into the burner peripherally and centrally relative to the first portion of air charged with fuel.

Abstract: A system and method for treating, injecting and co-combusting sludge in a municipal waste or other combustor is disclosed. The system includes a sludge receiving and treatment module and a sludge injection and combustion module. The sludge is received and stored in one or more storage hoppers where it is first diluted with a liquid and subsequently mixed to a desired homogeneous consistency suitable for pumping. The high liquid content sludge is then pumped to a furnace injection nozzle where it is preferably atomized with steam and sprayed into the combustion zone of the furnace. The disclosed system and method increases sludge moisture content and controls the solids content of the sludge to control furnace temperature.

Abstract: A preferred waste treatment system and method employs multiple reactor zones for processing heterogeneous waste. In one embodiment, the reactor system (10) includes the following components: first (12) and second (14) solid waste feed subsystems; a liquid waste feed subsystem (16); a plasma torch or gas burner (18) for heating a preliminary vitrification chamber (20) of the reactor system (10); a joule effect heater (22) for heating a vitrification chamber (24); a gaseous effluent processing subsystem (26); first (30) and second (32) slag discharge processing subsystems; and a bulk processing unit (400), including a loading and/or cooling area (406), a waste destruction chamber (408) heated to temperatures between about 250° F. and 2100° F.; a conveying mechanism (418) between the loading area (406) and the waste destruction chamber (408). In an alternative embodiment, each of the reactor zones is heated by joule effect heaters.

Abstract: An incinerator for waste liquid comprises a container, a burner and an atomizer. An incineration chamber is defined inside the container. The incineration chamber has upper and lower sections, and the container has a vent adjacent to the upper section of the chamber. The burner is connected to the container near the lower section to jet flame into the chamber. The atomizer is connected to the container near the lower section to shoot atomized waste liquid upwardly into the chamber such that waste liquid shot out of the atomizer is directed toward the upper section. A method of incinerating waste liquid comprises the steps of jetting flame into the lower section of an incineration chamber having a vent adjacent to the upper section thereof, and shooting an atomized waste liquid upwardly into the lower section so that the atomized waste liquid is directed toward the upper section.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating organic waste material characterized by high ash content is disclosed.

Abstract: A fossil fuel fired combustion apparatus and a method for operating the fossil fuel fired combustion apparatus are provided which offer the flexibility to use carbon dioxide (CO2) both as a desirable end product and as support to the combustion process. The method includes the step of introducing a substantially pure oxygen feed stream into the fossil fuel fired combustion apparatus and the step of combusting a fossil fuel in the presence of the substantially pure oxygen feed stream to produce a flue gas having carbon dioxide and water vapor as its two largest constituent elements by volume. The method also includes the step of passing the flue gas through an oxygen feed stream pre-heater at which heat from the flue gas is transferred to the oxygen feed stream. Furthermore, the method includes the step of separating the flue gas into an end product portion and a recycling portion.

Abstract: An industrial waste and household waste is treated by a pyrolysis step for carbonizing waste containing organic substance in a condition sealed from an air so as to separate to a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue; a gas cracking step for introducing the pyrolysis gas after the pyrolysis step so as to react an oxide component in the pyrolysis gas through an oxidization reaction and thermally decompose high molecular hydrocarbon in the pyrolysis gas with a heat generated by the oxidization reaction so as to obtain a cracked gas containing low molecular hydrocarbon; a residue cooling step for cooling the pyrolysis residue generated in the pyrolysis step for solidification; a mechanical processing step for crushing and sorting the pyrolysis residue solidified in the residue cooling step so as to obtain a pyrolysis char essentially consisting of pyrolysed organic substance and inorganic components; and a smelting and gasifying step for burning the pyrolysis char obtained in the mechanical processing step at a

Abstract: A waste tire incinerating and post-treatment system in which waste tires are continuously and efficiently burned. The system includes a waste tire reservoir tank, a hoist, a conveyor system, a tire-size sensing system, an incinerating part, a waste oil purifying part, a waste gas purifying part, and an incineration residual material treating part. Waste tires are accumulated in a waste tire reservoir tank before their incineration. A hoist transfers the waste tires from the waste tank reservoir to a conveyor system. The conveyor system conveys waste tires to an incinerating part. A sensing system senses the size of individual tires on the conveyor system to create tire size data. This size data is used to control and optimize the rate of feeding the waste tires into the incinerating furnace. The incinerating part further includes a material removal mechanism for removing incineration residual materials.

Abstract: A method and an assembly for efficiently converting waste water to a gaseous state in a fossil fuel-fired power generation system is provided. The method includes feeding the slurry to the spray dryer reactor, the slurry having a predetermined ratio of liquid to absorbent, and controlling the feed rate of the slurry into the spray dryer reactor as a function of the monitored sulfur oxide level such that the sulfur oxide level is maintained within an acceptable range. The method also includes supplying supplemental liquid in the form of waste water into the spray dryer reactor in a non-proportionate manner relative to the feed of absorbent into the spray dryer reactor such that the ratio of liquid to absorbent in the spray dryer reactor changes.

Abstract: A method and system for the use of waste coal fines to reduce nitrogen oxides emissions from a coal-fired cyclone boiler. A coal water slurry including waste coal fines is injected as a co-firing fuel into a cyclone barrel of the cyclone boiler to partially oxidize the coal water slurry in a central portion of the cyclone barrel where injected. This produces a reducing zone having reducing gas species that convert nitrogen oxides to diatomic nitrogen. The coal water slurry can alternatively be injected into the cyclone barrel from a secondary combustion air conduit. The evaporation of the water from the coal water slurry reduces the overall combustion temperature in the cyclone barrel, further reducing the production of nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: A coal-burning utility electrical power generation plant includes a mill pulverizing coal and supplying same to a boiler for combustion. The boiler has a bottom ash hopper for receiving combustion products including clinkers, and a clinker grinder for grinding the clinkers. The clinker grinder includes a rotary drum in a grinding chamber and having grinding teeth and driven by a rotary shaft extending through a stuffing box assembly. The stuffing box assembly has a flushing fitting for supplying flushing fluid thereto and along the shaft and into the grinding chamber. A seal permits flushing fluid flow from the flushing fitting into the grinding chamber, and blocks reverse flow. Long life is provided without a grease fitting, and leakage is substantially reduced.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for the combustion of animal wastes to avoid release of objectionable odors and to obtain useful products from the animal wastes involving the drying of the animal waste in a primary heat exchange dryer, mixing the dried animal waste material with a combustible fuel and moving the mix of dried waste and combustible fuel to a burner assembly of a furnace for burning, the exhaust from the primary heat exchange dryer being collected so that gases in the exhaust are used as combustion air for the burner assembly and with exhaust from the burner assembly housing being separated into fly ash and acceptably clean exhaust.

Abstract: A system for cleaning oil containing vehicular components with heated cleaning liquid comprising a washing unit having at least one spray nozzle for directing the cleaning liquid to the vehicular component. The system of the present invention also includes a reservoir for the cleaning liquid as well as a pump for supplying cleaning fluid to the liquid spray nozzle or nozzles. A heater in the form of a oil fired burner is utilized to pass heated exhaust gases through a heat exchange conduit which extends into the reservoir to impart heat to the cleaning liquid in the reservoir. The cooled exhaust gases are then exhausted through a stack. Oil is gathered from the vehicular component placed in a container which empties into a conduit to feed the oil fired burner to produce the hot exhaust gases.

Abstract: A process for feeding solid industrial and special waste to combustion installations. The waste materials are separated from the combustion chamber by a lock system, are comminuted and homogenized in an inert-gas atmosphere.

Abstract: A waste incinerator is provided which can completely prevent environmental pollution by dioxins. Exhaust gas from an incinerator is guided into a glass melting furnace by a duct, and blown into molten glass through a bubbling pipe to decompose dioxins in the exhaust gas. High-temperature gas produced in the glass melting furnace is supplied into the incinerator by a pipe so as to burn wastes without using auxiliary fuel. Further, exhaust gas is pressurized by pressure pumps in a pipe branching from the duct, while fuel tablets to including ashes are introduced through a fuel inlet and fed into the molten glass under the pressure of exhaust gas to decompose dioxins in the ashes.

Abstract: A water-cooled cremating platform for use in a cremating stove includes a metallic upper plate, a metallic main body and a metallic side plate. The upper plate is removably positioned on an open upper side of the main body for holding a dead body to be cremated. The main body has several guide plates spaced apart to form a water route for a flow of cooling water. The side plate is affixed to the main body, and has an air exit, an overflow outlet, a water inlet and a water outlet in open communication with the water route. Radiating chips are provided, extending from bottom of the upper plate into the water route such that the upper plate can be cooled down very rapidly after cremation before the next step of collecting of ashes, to be started without a substantial delay.

Abstract: A facility for reclaiming useful products from solid municipal and hazardous waste uses a rotary kiln to convert the material into a stream of inorganic ash and a stream of gaseous combustion products. The stream of combustion products passes in heat exchange relation to unburned waste and produces a stream of volatile carbon compounds which are deficient in oxygen. The streams of combustion products and volatile carbon compounds are converted in a plasma arc generator into a stream of hot, disassociated atoms. The stream of hot gas is cooled by passage through one or more heat exchangers that reclaim process heat. The stable compounds that are produced are hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The process is controlled by monitoring carbon dioxide in the carbon monoxide stream. The carbon monoxide and hydrogen may be used separately or combined, as in a methanol synthesis plant.

Abstract: A waste-to-energy incineration system, in which the amount and the heat value of exhaust gas changes during operation, includes an incinerator for burning waste, a boiler in the incinerator for generating steam with exhaust heat generated by the incinerator, and a superheater for superheating steam generated in the boiler. A steam turbine is provided which is driven by steam superheated by the superheater and a generator is driven by the steam turbine. A fuel reformer is provided for reforming source fuel. A combustor burning fuel gas reformed by the fuel reformer and at least a part of exhaust gas fed from the incinerator is provided which decomposes generated dioxin in waste incineration exhaust gas.

Abstract: An animal carcass incineration process comprising the steps of: providing a large hopper with a large spring loaded trap door at the top, a series of stationary and rotating blades in the center and a second set of spring loaded doors below. The hopper features a double walled construction which serves to keep the blade drive gears and rollers away from the carcasses as they are being processed through the rotating blades. The carcass hopper blade assembly incorporates a slide out drawer allowing the entire unit to slide out for maintenance and cleaning. A ramp is provided that leads to the top of the hopper to allow a rendering truck to dump carcasses directly into the hopper. A large pipe is provided with an opening beneath the bottom of the hopper and includes a hydraulically driven auger for forcing the shredded carcasses upward along the pipe. A very hot exhaust gas pipe is vented into the auger pipe and is used for removing moisture from the carcass to be burned.

Abstract: A tower garbage incinerator is provided, consisting of an upper main blast furnace having a zigzag furnace cavity, and a lower accessory burning furnace. When garbage is fed through the inlet of the main blast furnace, the zigzag design of the furnace cavity combined with the hot upwardly flowing gas in the blast furnace, causes the garbage to drop slowly and to burn as it drops, as well. The hot gas tumbles the garbage thoroughly, so that caked garbage is completely dispersed, and thereby increases the burning area of the garbage, so as to greatly improve the burning efficiency thereof. Any residual incompletely burned garbage that drops into the accessory burning furnace is burned therein. The accessory burning furnace increases the temperature of gases entering the blast furnace.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing and recycling CCA (copper, chrome, arsenic) treated wood chips that includes a vertical reaction chamber into which a continuous stream of wood chips is poured. Hot gases at about 400.degree. C. are introduced into the bottom of the column to heat the chips below their ignition point. The combustion gases flow upwardly through the chips to progressively cool the gases and allow them to condense in the column. The condensate is deposited upon the surface of the chips and the gases, which are now free of heavy metals, are evacuated from the column.

Abstract: Non-hazardous organic waste material is introduced into a slagging combustor where it is burned. The burning produces exhaust gases and a slag of molten, inorganic ash which is removed from the combustor. The exhaust gases are treated to cool and dry the gases and to remove a major portion of particulate matter contained therein. A portion of the treated exhaust gases is mixed with a source of concentrated oxygen in a proportion that results in mixed gases having an oxygen concentration of at least 30% by volume. The mixed gases are introduced into the combustor to support the burning of the waste material. Another portion of the treated exhaust gases is further treated to recover the carbon dioxide therefrom.

Abstract: A system and a process for combusting hydrocarbons to recover energy and the carbon dioxide resulting from the combustion is provided. The process utilizes a two-stage combustion process, each stage utilizing water injection and a recirculation stream to increase the efficiency of combustion to generate larger proportions of carbon dioxide. An energy recovery boiler is used to recover heat energy from the combustion product. Combustion product is then cleaned and the carbon dioxide is separated and condensed into a useable liquid carbon dioxide product.

Abstract: A method and system for the use of waste coal fines to reduce nitrogen oxides emissions from a coal-fired cyclone boiler. A coal water slurry including waste coal fines is injected as a co-firing fuel into a cyclone barrel of the cyclone boiler to partially oxidize the coal water slurry in a central portion of the cyclone barrel where injected. This produces a reducing zone having reducing gas species that convert nitrogen oxides to diatomic nitrogen. The coal water slurry can alternatively be injected into the cyclone barrel from a secondary combustion air conduit. The evaporation of the water from the coal water slurry reduces the overall combustion temperature in the cyclone barrel, further reducing the production of nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: A robotic mechanism which can be attached to a furnace hopper and includes a frame which supports a pole insertion mechanism for inserting a pole into a furnace hopper. The pole insertion mechanism is supported from the Fame by a gimbal and moves the pole axially. Hydraulic actuators rotate the pole insertion mechanism about the gimbal. A control system is associated with the mechanism and enables an operator to position the end of the pole within the hopper to remove clinkers.

Abstract: A furnace comprises an enclosure, a hearth plate within the enclosure for supporting combustible material, a first heater element adjacent the hearth plate for initial combustion of the combustible material, a filter disposed above the hearth plate for filtering uncombusted products of combustion of the combustible material, and a second heater element adjacent the filter for final combustion of the uncombusted products of combustion filtered by the filter. A controller controls the first and second heater elements independently.

Abstract: A pellet fuel burner includes a compact thermally insulated firebox for providing hot gases to a boiler, furnace or dryer. The apparatus includes a grate that includes a reciprocating arm for removing clinkers and ash from the grate. Pellet fuel feed is provided by a hopper that is isolated from the firebox by an airlock. A combustion air manifold is provided around the firebox to preheat primary and secondary combustion air.

Abstract: Combustible is comminuted and dried, and metal and noncombustible are removed from the coarsely comminuted combustible. Then, the combustible is secondarily comminuted and separated into coarse combustible and fluff which is fine combustible. The coarse combustible of the separated combustible is fed onto a fire grate (2) of a refuse incinerator (1), and burned in flat bed combustion in a primary combustion chamber (4). On the other hand, the fluff is burned in suspended combustion in a secondary combustion chamber (7) with a combustion fluff burner (5) for incinerating combustible. Thus, refuse containing much plastics which is formed into fluff can be efficiently disposed of, whereby the amount of incineration is increased as a whole.

Abstract: An improved augering device and an accessible ash and pellet fines collection drawer which function together as a unique combination to remove pellet fines from a wood pellet burning stove, wherein the augering device has a screw mounted in a barrel formed by a tubular wall which also provides the pellet outlet to the firebox. Sieving apertures are formed through the tubular wall and are of a size particularly suited for the sieving of fines from the pellet fuel. The ash and fines collection drawer is adapted for positioning below the apertures in a non-fired portion of the stove, and an access opening is provided through a wall portion of the stove for insertion and removal of the drawer with respect to the stove.

Abstract: A Stirling engine has an external combustion chamber for burning a kerosene and transferring a high temperature therein to working fluid in heater tubes. In the case of the present invention, the external combustion chamber is connected to a furnace for burning industrial waste materials such as plastic materials or rubber materials so that the high temperature above 900.degree. C. is able to be supplied to the combustion chamber. This serves in raising an output power of the Stirling engine. A conduit for connecting the furnace with the combustion chamber is proveded with a dumper capable of interrupting a flow of the high temperature combustion gases toward the combustion chamber of the Stirling engine.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a method for supplying solid material such as hot carbonaceous material from a pyrolyzer or reactor to a furnace, is provided comprising providing a screw conveyor for receiving the solid carbonaceous material from the pyrolyzer or reactor preferably from above the conveyor and transporting it along its length to a vaned rotor preferably positioned on the axle of the screw conveyor preferably substantially near the end of the screw conveyor for supplying the carbonaceous material to the furnace.

Abstract: A regenerative thermal oxidizer includes a heat exchange column formed of body which defines at least one entire flow passage through the heat exchanger. The structure of the heat exchange column assists in purging residual gas to be cleaned from the heat exchanger prior to that regenerative heat exchanger moving into a mode where it receives the cleaned gas. The heat exchanger columns preferably have 70 to 80 percent of their surface area used as the flow passages. In a further geometric arrangement made possible by the inventive heat exchanger described above, two heat exchanger columns are positioned on opposed sides of a combustion chamber. End faces of the two opposed heat exchangers transfer radiative heat energy from the hotter of the two heat exchanger end faces to the cooler of the two heat exchanger end faces. In this way, radiative heat energy is not lost, but is reused to heat the other of the heat exchangers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a pellet fuel burning heating unit for burning corn or wood pellets having a balanced pressure system having a four-way split combustion intake airstream. The invention includes a combustion air blower system for providing combustion air into a firebox containing a burner under positive pressure and at the same time providing a negative pressure to remove the combustion gases from the firebox. A pressure regulator and air splitter maintains a balance between the positive and negative pressure and adjusts the air flow into the firebox and out the exhaust. The exhaust is provided through a bank of exhaust tubes running from the top of the firebox to an exhaust manifold. The blower air moves into the pressure regulator and air splitter dividing the air flow such that a portion enters the heating unit exhaust manifold to produce a negative pressure and the remaining portion enters the heating unit burner under positive pressure.

Abstract: Combustible gases from a solid fuel are produced by pyrolyzing the fuel in a pyrolyzer which also produces carbonaceous material. The carbonaceous material from the pyrolyzer is combusted in a furnace to produce combustion products that include hot flue gases and ash particulate. The combustion products are separated into a plurality of streams, one of which contains flue gases, and another of which contains hot ash which is directed into the pyrolyzer. Finally, the stream of flue gases from the furnace is used to dry the fuel that is supplied to said pyrolyzer.

Abstract: A portion of solid fuel is pyrolyzed in a pyrolyzer to produce combustible gases and carbonaceous material, the carbonaceous material being supplied from the pyrolyzer to a furnace. A further portion of the solid fuel is added to a furnace and is combusted with the carbonaceous material therein to produce combustion products that include hot flue gases and ash particulate. The combustion products are separated into a plurality of streams, one of which contains coarse ash and another of which contains flue gases and fine ash. A portion of the coarse ash is directed into the pyrolyzer while a further portion is disposed of, preferably by being used to heat air entering the furnace.

Abstract: This abstract describes a process for the complete oxidation of municipal refuse and certain hazardous materials. The facility to accommodate the process consists of a completely enclosed, rotating, cylindrical kiln wherein solids, liquids, and gaseous compounds are simultaneously oxidized. To supplement the burning process, natural gas will be injected into the kiln chamber through a regulatory apparatus. Within the oxidation chamber, temperatures of 3200 degrees F., plus, will be maintained by injecting a regulated flow of pure oxygen, as an oxidant, to ensure the complete oxidation of all materials. After suitable preparation, solids and liquids will be introduced into the kiln chamber through an enclosed, sealed, apparatus i.e., screw conveyor, to control refuse volumes. During the oxidation process, the refuse materials will be kept in suspension for an adequate dwell time by the tilted orientation and rotating operation of the kiln apparatus.

Abstract: A pellet stove or grill includes a housing (10) divided by a thermal barrier (43), which is defined by a spaced pair of partitions (20, 21), into a hot compartment (23) and a cold compartment (47). The hot compartment includes a ventilated firepot (44) suspended within an air channel (40) that communicates with the cold compartment through the thermal barrier. The cold compartment is subdivided by a funnel (22) into a fuel pellet storage compartment (24) thereabove and an electrical compartment (25) therebelow. The electrical compartment includes a motorized, fuel conveyer (37) for feeding fuel pellets (31 ) from the storage compartment, down a chute (38) that extends through the thermal barrier, and into the firepot in the hot compartment for combustion. The chute includes a portion that is positioned within and communicates with the thermal barrier. An air blower (34) drives fresh air into the electrical compartment and into the thermal barrier through an aperture (50) in one of the partitions.

Abstract: A method for treating waste involves (a) compressing the waste at a pressure of over 800 bars under conditions resulting in separation of the wet fermentable fraction and the solid combustible fraction; (b) exploiting each of these two fractions separately by means of, for the fermentable fraction, specific treatment to take advantage of its biomass nature and, for the combustible fraction, burning to produce energy. The method allows the waste to be exploited with high profitability. The invention also describes an improved press for compression in two successive phases: a precompression phase up to an intermediate pressure (200 to 300 bars) and final compression up to a final pressure of over 800 bars.

Abstract: Combustible gases are produced from a solid fuel by pyrolizing the fuel in a pyrolyzer containing a low grade solid fuel producing combustible gases, and carbonaceous material that is combusted in a furnace to produce hot products that include hot flue gases and particulate material. The hot products are separated into a plurality of streams, one of which contains comparatively coarse ash which is directed into the pyrolyzer for effecting the pyrolyzation of the fuel. A stream of reaction gases is applied to the pyrolyzer in such a way that the stream of reaction gases bubbles through the carbonaceous material in the pyrolyzer without fluidizing such material. In effect, the reaction gases activate the void fraction in the pyrolyzer thereby reducing the residence time of the material therein.

Abstract: A garbage disposal system includes a garbage classifier unit, which consists of a cutting mechanism, a separation water trough, squeezers, and a blower separator, and is controlled to separate plastics and mineral from garbage; a garbage furnace controlled to burn garbage being delivered from the garbage classifier unit, a waste gas treatment unit controlled to treat exhaust gas from the garbage furnace, and a sewage treatment unit controlled to treat waste water from the garbage classifier unit and the waste gas treatment unit for a repeat use.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a pellet fuel burning heating unit for burning corn or wood pellets having a balanced pressure system having a four-way split combustion intake airstream. The invention includes a combustion air blower system for providing combustion air into a firebox containing a burner under positive pressure and at the same time providing a negative pressure to remove the combustion gases from the firebox. A pressure regulator and air splitter maintains a balance between the positive and negative pressure and adjusts the air flow into the firebox and out the exhaust. The exhaust is provided through a bank of exhaust tubes running from the top of the firebox to an exhaust manifold. The blower air moves into the pressure regulator and air splitter dividing the air flow such that a portion enters the heating unit exhaust manifold to produce a negative pressure and the remaining portion enters the heating unit burner under positive pressure.

Abstract: A pellet fuel burning heating unit having a firebox with a burner therein connected to a combustion air duct, an exhaust pipe to remove combustion gases from the firebox, a blower to provide combustion air and a pressure regulator and air splitter to divide the air flow from the blower into the combustion air duct and into the exhaust pipe. The air flow into the combustion air duct creates a positive pressure in the burner and the air flow into the exhaust pipe creates a suction of the exhaust gases in the firebox.

Abstract: A regenerative thermal oxidizer having regenerative heat exchangers includes a heat exchange column formed of a body which defines at least one entire flow passage through the heat exchanger. The heat exchange column assists in purging residual gas to be cleaned from the heat exchanger prior to that regenerative heat exchanger moving into a mode where it receives the cleaned gas. This reduces inadvertent emissions of gas to be cleaned to the environment. In one embodiment, a monolithic body includes all of the flow passages. In a second embodiment, a plurality of blocks are utilized to form the heat exchanger column. In a third embodiment, a number of cylindrical tubes are utilized. The heat exchanger columns preferably have 70 to 80 percent of their surface area used as the flow passages.

Abstract: A corn furnace comprises a hopper for storing corn to be burned, and a combustion chamber in which corn is burned in a pot of fire to produce heat. An endless screw, supplying corn from the dispensing bottom of the hopper to the combustion chamber, comprises a lower proximate end for receiving corn from the hopper, a higher distal end for discharging corn in the combustion chamber through an inclined conduit, an elongate tubular member extending from the proximate to the distal end, and a generally helicoid blade rotatively mounted in the tubular member for conveying corn through that tubular member. The rotative helicoid blade is formed with a sharpened distal outer helical edge section. An air blower system supplies air to the distal end of endless screw to produce in the tubular member a flow of air in a direction opposite to the movement of the corn to remove from this corn dust and other impurities.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for removal of .Iadd.contaminants such as .Iaddend.petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated soil. The apparatus of the invention includes a shallow container, preferably with vertical sides, which has in its bottom wall a multiplicity of elongated recessed chambers with an open mesh entry area at the upper side, and a gas discharge orifice at one end of each chamber. A rack containing burners is adapted for positioning over the material to be treated within the container. The invented method includes charging materials to be treated into a container, heating the material while creating a partial pressure within the chamber, establishing a vacuum to pull the gasses downwardly through the soil and atmospheric air downwardly with the gasses, then either collecting or discharging the removed gasses, after which the soil is removed from the treatment chamber.