Abstract: A method for recovering energy from waste, which includes: a first waste trituration step; fermentation of the waste in the presence of air. The method allows to recover the energy produced by waste combustion with an efficiency that is at least 50% higher than methods used so far.

Abstract: This invention provides a variety of incineration furnace with modular fire grate apparatus for cylindrical incinerator furnaces of water jacket configuration. The invented fire grate module is provided with refuse dump agitation capability from underside of waste fuel dump on the fire grate and also with air supply function in the fire grate apparatus itself.

Abstract: An incinerator comprises a feeding plate, a first combustion chamber, a second combustion chamber, a curved duct, an air exhausting device, a water screen device, and a water tank. The feeding plate is provided on the underside thereof with a vibrating device for causing the feeding plate to vibrate so as to move trash gradually into the first combustion chamber in which trash is incinerated to produce ash and exhaust fume which is then burned completely in the second combustion chamber. When the exhaust fume is passed through the water screen located in the curved duct, ash contained in the exhaust fume is washed away and deposited in the water tank which is provided therein with a device for removing ash that is deposited in the water tank.

Abstract: A furnace includes a decomposition chamber configured to form a fire pit for controlled decomposition of combustible waste material, a preheat chamber connected to and located generally above the decomposition chamber, and an afterburn chamber operably connected to an outlet on the decomposition chamber. The decomposition chamber includes an inlet for allowing controlled input of air to the decomposition chamber to create an oxygen-starved environment. The outlet is positioned generally opposite the inlet on the decomposition chamber and adjacent the fire pit such that the gases from the preheat chamber and the decomposition chamber flow generally across the decomposition chamber and through the burning/decomposing waste materials in the fire pit. The afterburn chamber chamber operates with a vacuum such that the gases and vapors from the preheat chamber and the decomposition chamber are drawn through the fire pit such that they are treated by the hot decomposing matter in the fire pit.

Abstract: A waste car disposer which includes a plurality of tunnel-like furnaces connected in series and separately controlled to heat waste cars at different temperatures so that plastic, rubber, glass, lead, zinc, nickel, copper, iron and steel parts of waste cars are separately melted and respectively collected for reclamation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for melting down solid combustion residues such as slags, ashes and fine dusts from waste combustion installations (11) with solid, liquid and/or gaseous fossil fuels in a melting device. In order to reduce the necessary energy by combusting fossil fuels, the supply of the combustion residues (12) from the waste combustion installation (11) takes place directly into the filling opening (13) of the melting device. The melting device is designed as a shaft furnace (10) with a furnace space (14, 15) with a refractory lining, the combustion residues (12) being melted down by means of a fuel/oxygen mixture or by means of a fuel/oxygen-air mixture which is introduced into the shaft furnace below the combustion residue fill (21).

Abstract: A combustion enhancement system with in-bed foils are utilized to enhance combustion and emissions. The combustion enhancement system is especially designed for use in a traveling grate-type stoker in which the combustion foils are positioned on the top surface of the grate such that the fuel is moved past the foils by the grate. The combustion foils are provided with a high pressure fluid, such as a gas, to be injected into the fuel. The combustion foils are shaped to divide the fuel such as to create turbulence within the fuel. Preferably, the fluid is injected into the fuel at the point of turbulence.

Abstract: A compact, transportable and self-contained apparatus for treating wastewater containing as impurities and pollutants various non-volatile (at water boiling points) fluids such as greases, oils and soaps, having a vessel/evaporator for receiving the wastewater, a heater below the evaporator to heat the wastewater admixture and boil off the water, a collector to draw off the non-volatile fluids from substantially the entire height of the water evaporator, and automatic refill/shutdown control devices for the apparatus.

Abstract: A process for regulating the combustion of solid fuels in a combustion plant is characterized in that the incompletely burned gases that are formed directly above the area of the combustion outlet are directed upward along the inner wall of the charge space, which runs between the charge space and the combustion chamber, and along the cover area of the charge space into the channels between the charge space outer wall and the furnace wall, as a down-draft, back to the fire bed.

Abstract: An inexpensive trash incinerator having a primary burn chamber and an after burner which includes a spark arrestor. The after burner is a stack which rests on top of the primary burn chamber and it includes an opening in its lower end for admitting fresh air into the after burner.

Abstract: A carcass cremator has an inner chamber which is defined by firebrick walls. At least two thirds of the inner chamber is buried underground. A tube is disposed at the center of the inner chamber. A metal bowl is disposed on the tube. A top cover covers the top portion of the inner chamber. A flame inlet is formed at the lower portion of the firebrick walls. A vortex space is formed in the inner chamber. The flames enter into the vortex space via the flame inlet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for burning waste with simultaneous regeneration of a usable gas and an inert solid residue in which the waste is fed into the upper part of an upright shaft furnace, an oxygen-containing gas is fed into the lower part of the furnace, the organic part of the waste substances is gasified and pyrolyzed, the inorganic part of the waste substances is made flowable, the gas from the upper part of the furnace is taken off and the inorganic material made flowable is taken off at the lower part of the furnace.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for incinerating waste whose ease of burning may vary form batch to batch, wherein burning is conducted in a main combustion region to form combustion products containing combustibles and in a secondary combustion zone which is supplied with oxygen at a rate during a first period of time which is independent of the composition of the combustion products or resulting flue gas and at a rate during a second period of time which is determined as a function of the concentration of at least one component of the combustion products or flue gas.

Abstract: The present invention provides a petroleum polymer product treatment apparatus capable of reducing the thermal energy, which is required to heat the material to be treated, to the smallest possible quantity, effectively utilizing the residue obtained, keeping the heating temperature distribution uniform and setting the heating temperature to a predetermined level, and facilitating this kind of treatment operation while maintaining the safety of a petroleum reduction reproducing operation.This apparatus is provided with a thermal decomposition unit 50 having a heating furnace 1, an indirect heating means 3 installed in the interior of the heating furnace 1, and a sealed container 4 removably set in the indirect heating means 3; and a residue combustion unit 60 having a combustion furnace 20 adapted to hold the residue 27 left over in the sealed container 4 and burn the same, a means 23 for supplying the air to the combustion furnace 20, and an ignition means 24 for igniting an ignition material 25.

Abstract: Waste material is incinerated by a partial combustion in a furnace on step grates and the heated combusted product is supplied in a rotary kiln in which the waste is liquified. Solid waste material passing through the grate is collected with ash products, separated from flue gases, including boiler ash, fly ash and residue from flue gas cleaning. The collected products are returned to the inlet of the rotary kiln where these products are introduced along with he combusted waste. In this manner, the slag, boiler ash, flue ash and other harmful residual products from the combustion process are fused into the liquified waste to form a glass-like mass from which salts and heavy metal cannot be leached out.

Abstract: A system for providing thermal power to an electrical power plant wherein substantially whole trees are supplied as fuel without being processed into small woodchips or chunks. A stacked cooling grate suspends the substantially whole trees within the combustion chamber. The cooling grate is formed by stacking an upper tube and at least one lower tube vertically beneath the upper tube. The tubes of the cooling grate are supplied with water to cool the grate.

Abstract: A material processing apparatus includes a casing having a top and bottom and a plurality of sides defining a pyrolysis chamber for receiving and pyrolyzing feed materials therein into fluid materials and a mass of refractory material disposed upon the bottom of the casing and spaced below the top thereof and extending between its sides. The refractory mass includes an upper surface defining a bottom of the pyrolysis chamber and having an end spaced from a first one of the casing sides to define an ash residue collection cavity therebetween. The apparatus also includes a system of tunnels defined within the refractory mass being spaced below the upper surface thereof.

Abstract: An incinerator includes a furnace body which confines a combustion chamber for receiving refuse therein and which has a bottom wall formed with a central opening, an ash release gate mounted pivotally to the bottom wall at the central opening, a stack which is provided on one side of the furnace body and which has a lower end part that is communicated with the combustion chamber adjacent to the bottom wall, and an exhaust port provided adjacent to an open top of the furnace body and operable so as to communicate the stack and the combustion chamber. A furnace cover is provided on the open top of the furnace body. First and second preheating tube arrangements are received in the lower part of the furnace body. The first preheating tube arrangement includes a plurality of upwardly extending concentric coil turns and has a surface formed with a plurality of air holes.

Abstract: A dry distillation gas generator generates a dry distillation gas for burning in a separate combustion gas burner unit. Air is supplied in a gentle decelerated flow to the bottom of the dry distillation generator in a quantity sufficient to support combustion of a solid fuel in the vicinity of the air supply, but at a low enough volume to prevent the combustion proceeding to other parts of the generator, thus thermally decomposing the remainder of the solid fuel to generate the dry distillate gas. An air chamber surrounds the generator to reduce the temperature to which the solid fuel is exposed. Similarly, an air chamber is disposed below the bottom of the generator to supply air to the generator, and to moderate the temperature therein. An impurity separation tank in a conduit between the generator and the gas burner unit helps prevent particulates from entering the generator. A preheat burner in the combustion gas burner unit includes a pilot to ignite and preheat the gas.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating garbage. The apparatus has a conveyor, a continuous incinerator receiving garbage from the conveyor, a device for cooling ash carried out of the continuous incinerator, a device for filtering the ash, a pipe for inducing exhaust from the continuous incinerator to a water tank for removing particles and water-soluble components from the exhaust.

Abstract: The invention concerns a furnace for biological fuels in which the combustion is effected downwards in order to allow firing down to very low output effect. In accordance with the invention the furnace has a fuel storage vessel (1) which also serves as a gas collection vessel and which during operation is pressurized to a slight atmospheric overpressure. The bottom part of the storage vessel is formed with sloping walls (4) the lower edges of which form a burner opening and above which opening is provided a draft-air supply means which extends closely alongside the sloping bottom along the portions thereof positioned closest to the burner opening.

Abstract: Improvements for an incinerator system including double reburn tunnels, an excitor within a reburn tunnel, a choker for closing off part of a reburn tunnel, a grate near the incinerator's inlet to permit the drying and initial combustion of refuse, an ash scoop which remains out of the water during most of its operation. The use of dual reburn tunnels, along with a damper that permits the closure of at least one of them, permits the efficient and environmentally acceptable utilization of the main incinerator chamber even with minimal refuse contained there. With less refuse, only one reburn unit operates; it will still have sufficient heat and throughput to maintain, with minimal auxiliary fuel, the temperatures needed for complete combustion. An excitor, or solid stationary object placed within the reburn tunnel, permits the retention and reflection of the heat generated by the burning to assure complete combustion of all hydrocarbons within the reburn unit.

Abstract: For melting an inorganic fiber which is mixed with an organic substance, the inorganic fiber material and organic substance are heated in a furnace to a temperature sufficient for the organic material to combust, and sufficient oxygen enriched gas is fed to the furnace that the combustion of the organic substance produces sufficient heat to melt the inorganic material. The oxygen enriched gas is preferably oxygen enriched air having an oxygen content of at least 40% by volume. It should be fed in sufficient quantity to heat material having an adiabatic temperature of at least 850.degree. C., and preferably 1200.degree. C. which permits the melted inorganic material to freely flow out of the furnace. The oxygen enriched gas is preferably fed to a location adjacent a boundary layer between the melted material and unmelted material on the top thereof.

Abstract: A bio-mass burner construction for alternate fuels at temperatures from about 1,800 degrees F. to about 2,800 degrees F. to replace oil and gas burners. The burner utilizes a first burning chamber having a falling fuel, entrained bed zone positioned above a traveling grate having a porous metallic woven belt. Primary air is directed through the porous belt to establish an oxygen-starved first burning chamber. A second burning chamber in fluid communication with the first burning chamber, but having a restricted diameter, effectively provides a hot air gas nozzle. The second burning chamber receives a superheated secondary air source from cored apertures in interfitting refractory block members which provide a refractory lining for a portion of the first burning chamber and receive heat from the first burning chamber to heat the secondary air.

Abstract: A hopper containing fuel pellets for a stove opens downward into a feed trough which extends generally horizontally toward the firebox of the stove. A feed plate is positioned such that pellets from the hopper are supported on the feed plate. The feed plate is reciprocated between a rearward position adjacent to the hopper and a forward position adjacent to the firebox so as to advance pellets toward the firebox. A gate member is mounted adjacent to the end of the feed trough remote from the hopper. The gate member is positioned to be engaged by the feed plate when the feed plate is in its forward position so as to close the feed trough and hopper from the firebox. The mechanism for reciprocating the feed plate normally maintains it in its forward position in which the feed trough and hopper are isolated from the firebox.

Abstract: A process for combusting low B.T.U. high moisture content fuels by enriching the normal process air used in the combustion process.

Abstract: A garbage burning and melting apparatus is provided and consists of a modified blast furnace to burn coal and garbage therein so that molten slag and lava by products can be extracted therefrom into a conveyor while the exhaust can be filtered to remove powdered ash therefrom.

Abstract: A pellet fuel combustion assembly including a fuel container, an auger for transferring pellet fuel to a burnpot, a top-opening burnpot for receiving the fuel, and an igniter. The burnpot is preferably constructed of insulative ceramic and includes a base portion defining an ignition compartment below the floor of the burnpot. An opening in the floor of the burnpot leads down a ramp to conduct fuel pellets to a position spaced from but closely adjacent the igniter. An air intake port leading into the ignition compartment causes air flow by the hot igniter causing the fuel to ignite by heat conductance as well as radiation. The igniter, once ignition has taken place, is cooled by the air flow and is separated from the extreme temperatures of the combustion chamber by the insulative floor, thus giving a long service life.

Abstract: A solid waste incinerator apparatus has an elongated hearth having a plurality of walls and a floor and an elongated open side having a track mounted to each side of the open hearth. The hearth has a grate mounted above the floor thereof. A burner car has a plurality of motorized wheels riding in the elongated track for moving the burner car over the open side of the hearth. The burner car has a plurality of burners mounted thereon having a flame directed into the hearth to incinerate solid refuse in the hearth. The burner car also has a solid refuse agitation system thereon having at least one drum with cutting discs mounted therein to agitate the trash prior to incineration with the burners. A plurality of plenums are connected to one side of the hearth beneath the grate for drawing heated gases and burned ash therethrough. Each plenum forms a zone in the hearth for the removal of heated gases and ash from the zone within the elongated hearth as the burner car incinerates the refuse in that zone.

Abstract: In an incinerator of the type having a combustion chamber (10) which may be loaded through a loading doorway (21) and having at least one burner (32) for directing ignited fuel oil or gas and/or combustion air under pressure into the chamber, the combustion chamber (10) is of elliptical shape in plan view, the burner (32) entering the chamber at one end of its long axis and being directed obliquely down to the chamber bottom at its opposite end, the chamber top having a gas outlet (17) at the same end as the burner (32). The incinerator may be of two-stage type, having superimposed on the said chamber, or primary chamber (10), a secondary chamber (11) of similar elliptical shape having at one end of its long axis an entry from the gas outlet (17) of the primary chamber (10), a burner (32) directed obliquely down to the secondary chamber bottom (16) at its opposite end, and an outlet from its top to a flue.

Abstract: An incinerating device of metallic construction comprises a combustion chamber in which waste material is incinerated, a gas-scrubbing chamber in which the combustion gases are washed with water sprays to remove particulate material. The washed gases are vented to the atmosphere and the scrubbing water passes downwardly through a series of metallic mesh filter trays in a filter tower to remove particulate material from that water which is then recirculated to the scrubbing chamber. The walls and roof of the combustion chamber are formed as hollow metallic structures defined by inner and outer metallic members and cooling water flows continuously through those hollow structures to reduce thermal damage thereto.

Abstract: An apparatus for burning solid particulate fuels in a top-fed combustion system that permits the use of fuels that produce large amounts of ash and clinkers. The apparatus displaces the ash and clinkers from the grate which, if not removed, would adversely affect the heat output and efficiency of combustion. The apparatus uses a rotating reciprocating member that removes the ash and clinkers from the grate that supports the solid particulate fuel during combustion.

Abstract: An oven (20) includes an oven enclosure (24) having a conveyor (40) mounted therein for transporting food products through the oven. A plurality of ribbon burners (100) are mounted within the oven interior (32) adjacent the path of the conveyor to heat the interior of the oven. Heated gases generated by operation of the ribbon burners are received through inlet plenums (140) under operation of a circulation fan (146) and are discharged through discharge tubes (154) extending adjacent portions of the conveyor (40) remote from the locations of the ribbon burners (100). Exhaust gases are removed from the oven interior through discharge ports (180) by exhaust blower assemblies (184) which are operated to remove exhaust gases from the oven interior at a rate proportional to the flow rate of combustion air and gaseous fuel into the ribbon burners.

Abstract: A process which comprises the steps of introducing combustible solid material into an upper section of a pyrolysis chamber, moving the material downwardly at a controlled rate through multiple stage zones in the pyrolysis chamber, passing hot gaseous products of the partial oxidation of carbon char upwardly countercurrent to the movement of the solid material in the pyrolysis chamber, driving off volatile matter in the solid material, depositing carbon char in the lower section of the pyrolysis chamber, introducing air into the lower section of the pyrolysis chamber and partially oxidizing the char to form the hot gaseous products, removing a hot overhead fuel gas, passing the overhead fuel gas to a combustion chamber for combustion thereof with air, and applying the resulting hot combustion gases exiting the combustion chamber to a heat load.

Abstract: A system for pyrolysis and combustion of combustible solid material, such as waste, which comprises a pyrolysis chamber having a series of spaced vertically disposed movable grates, forming a plurality of stages in the pyrolysis chamber and permitting downward movement of solid feed material at a controlled rate countercurrent to the upward flow of hot gaseous products, the movable grates being synchronized for successive actuation whereby the charge of feed material is successively passed through each of the stages to the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber. Inlet lines are provided for introducing air into each of such stages and into the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber.

Abstract: Apparatus for burning material such as fuel, waste material and the like, which when burned produces gases within which pollutants are entrained and for cleaning the gases. The apparatus comprises at least two combustion chambers, comprising an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the chambers being in vertical and lateral stepped adjacency; the lower chamber comprising a grate upon which material is to be burned disposed at a predetermined level; the upper chamber comprising a grate upon which material is to be burned, disposed at a level above the lower chamber grate.

Abstract: A compound resource recovery furnace having a plurality of furnace chambers including an inner product chamber, an outer incineration chamber, and an intermediate chamber in surrounding relation to the product chamber and within the incineration chamber. The inermediate chamber has a slotted wall made from insulating refractory material and movable damper plates which provide closures for the slots. A temperature responsive control system regulates the damper plates to allow heat to escape from the intermediate chamber to the incineration chamber when the temperature in the incineration chamber drops below a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: The downward burning of a vertical stack of solid fuel in a vertical furnace shaft is controlled by supplying most of the combustion air to the side of the stack through vertically spaced apart rows of combustion air supply openings in the vertical furnace shaft, each row of combustion air supply openings being generally horizontally oriented and including a plurality of separate openings. Each row of combustion air supply openings is supplied with combustion air through a separate combustion air supply channel, and the combination air fed to each supply channel is controlled by a distribution element which shifts the supply of combustion air to lower rows of air supply openings as the combustion zone moves down to the bottom of the vertical stack.

Abstract: Apparatus for burning material such as fuel, waste material and the like, which when burned produces gases within which pollutants are entrained and for cleaning the gases. The apparatus comprises an incinerator or a furnace having a combustion chamber in which the material is burned and in which tubes, preferably apertured, extend through the burning coke to which solid fuels are reduced and through the flames of an oil burner gun, for example within the confines of the combustion chamber which in such an instance is also a refractory chamber, act to conduct the polluted gases of combustion from the burning material through the same burning material where they are super heated and cleaned.

Abstract: A furnace (10) in which bark or other cellulosic fuel (64) is burned on a traveling grate (24). Char (62) separated (48, 54) from the furnace exhaust gases is reinjected into the furnace beneath baffle plate (40) in such a manner that the raw bark (64) being introduced onto the grate forms a protective cover over the char (62) thus preventing the relatively light char particles from becoming reentrained in the gases before they are completely combusted.

Abstract: A process for continuously gasifying wood, wood chips, wood charcoal, or other low-ash biomass material in a mechanically-ashed gasifier using a fixed bed gasification system to obtain a gaseous product relatively rich in carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Product gas comprising carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide, together with methane and other diluents, is withdrawn from the gasification chamber. Sufficient noncombustible, particulate, refractory material is fed to the gasifier to provide an adequately deep layer of noncombustible solids on a moveable grate which supports the fuel bed, the object being to prevent damage to the grate and the grate-actuating mechanism caused by overheating, when the ash bed becomes too thin. The product gases from the gasification chamber may be used as raw synthesis gas for the production of, for example, methanol or as furnace heating gases.

Abstract: The incinerator is made up of an inner housing located within an outer housing and which have spaced apart walls forming an interior space therebetween. The inner and outer housings have aligned upper openings with insulated closure members. A central chamber extends from the upper opening of the inner housing to a lower position for receiving material to be burned. An upper chamber holding a heat activated odor reducing catalyst surrounds the upper portion of the central chamber. A gas collection chamber surrounds the upper chamber and an exhaust blower is provided for drawing gas from the central chamber to the interior space by way of the heat activated odor reducing catalyst and the collection chamber. A heater is provided for preheating the heat activated odor reducing catalyst. A second exhaust blower is provided for drawing gas from the interior space to the atmosphere. A main heater is located within the lower portion of the central chamber for burning the material deposited therein.

Abstract: A dual stage combustion furnace has primary and secondary combustion chambers. The primary combustion chamber contains a solid fuel, such as wood or coal. The secondary combustion chamber is formed adjacent to and in communication with the primary combustion chamber for containing and igniting volatile combustion gases produced in the primary chamber. A plurality of hollow members, which provide a grate, extend through the primary chamber, and into the secondary chamber. Volatile gases given off in the primary combustion chamber are then ignited and burned in the secondary combustion chamber upon combination with heated air passing through the hollow grate members.

Abstract: An upwardly inclined, auger motivated stoker tube moves bio-mass pellets from a reservoir to a depending stoker nozzle through which the pellets drop onto a burning head carried in a traditional fire chamber. A relatively small orifice in the stoker nozzle aids in preventing backfire into the stoker tube. The burning head provides a convex top with peripheral rim structure to maintain bio-mass pellets in a coherent array for burning and is provided with a plurality of holes to distribute a forced air supply beneath the pellet array to aid combustion and ash removal.

Abstract: Freshly harvested agricultural materials having a moisture content no greater than 45% by weight are burned in a furnace in which the housing thereof is divided into preburning and afterburning spaces by a baffle wall. The preburning space contains a horizontally arranged first grating adjacent the baffle wall and a second grating adjacent the first and inclined upwardly therefrom and juxtaposed with an inlet in the housing for the introduction at a constant rate of the materials onto the inclined grating, the upper portion of which is fed by a first portion of primary air for the removal of moisture from the materials, while a lower portion of the inclined grating is fed with a second portion of primary air for the air-deficient burning of the dried materials and the production of combustible gases.

Abstract: An incinerator including a housing defining a combustion chamber, a hearth mounted in the chamber, the hearth having a plurality of vertical openings, air passageways in the hearth each communicating with at least one of the vertical openings, a burner mounted in the housing below the hearth, and an exhaust stacking means for conducting combustion gases into the atmosphere.

Abstract: An incinerator for burning waste material employs an additional grate on which waste material is burned, thereby producing a layer of heated ashes and coke. The smoke and gases produced by the burning waste material are caused to be passed downwardly through this very hot layer of coke, thereby raising the temperature of the waste gases and burning off noxious pollutants entrained therein. The invention also provides a series of burning stations with adjacent ones burning in opposite directions; i.e., upwardly and downwardly. All waste gases and smoke produced by the burning waste material will pass sequentially through the series of burning stations, all of which will have a layer of hot coke, before being exhausted to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A shaking grate having inclined continuous tubes disposed parallel to the direction of incline and communicating with a liquid or fluid coolant circuit. The tubes are arranged on a vibrating grate carriage. The shaking grate is made free of grate bars by means of a planar tube-crosspiece-tube grate sheet construction, with the tube crosspieces having slot-shaped openings which are conically tapered in the direction of the fuel bed. The shaking grate is free of slots in the region of the fuel bed inlet as far as to the beginning of the first combustion zone of the fuel bed. The shaking grate is connected with crossbars of the vibrating grate carriage via ridge or comb plates and heat-compensating gliding elements. The shaking grate is provided with a riser for the draining liquid or fluid coolant. The riser is arranged in the charging region of the fuel bed inlet.

Abstract: Sulfur is readily and efficiently removed from solid fuel in a boiler installation which comprises a hearth for burning and thereby gasifying the solid fuel, the hearth including a grid supporting a fluidized bed of the solid fuel spread thereover, and a tubular boiler body superimposed on, and integral with, the hearth, the boiler body including a lower portion receiving the gasified fuel from the hearth, an upper portion, a common transverse wall dividing the tubular boiler body into the lower and upper portions, and a burner extending into the upper boiler body portion near the dividing transverse wall and receiving a supply of secondary combustion air. A conduit connects the lower boiler body portion to the burner for feeding the gasified fuel therefrom to the burner, and dust removing and desulfurization cyclones in the conduit remove dust and sulfur from the gasified fuel.

Abstract: A bio-mass burner having a continuous feed on demand to a first combustion chamber that contains a hollow grate structure. The novel method of operation includes the use of at least one venturi tube which is in fluid communication with the hollow grate structure to establish an air flow into a second combustion chamber. Primary air to support combustion in the first chamber is supplied to the underside of the grate structure. Secondary air to support combustion in the second chamber is supplied through the hollow grate structure and then to the venturi tube in a sufficiently tortuous path through the first combustion chamber to insure that the air is superheated at the outlet of the venturi tube. A baffle arrangement in the first combustion chamber directs the fuel product toward the grate structure and assists in preventing any unburned gases from being ejected into the atmosphere.