Abstract: A planting unit is provided having a seed trench opener that forms a seed trench in a ground surface as the planting unit travels along the ground. A depth regulating member is provided that has a predetermined vertical position relative to the opener. The depth regulating member is operable to ride along the ground and thus predetermined the seed trench depth. A suspension assembly is provided to reduce the shock forces on the planting unit when obstacles are encountered. Furthermore, a suspension system is provided to the seed trench opener, in addition to the depth regulating member.

Abstract: A method of managing timberland generally includes planting a first tree crop in first and second rows each having tree spacing between adjacent trees and a first row spacing between the first and second rows. The method further includes planting a first planting of a first energy crop in the first row spacing. The method further includes planting a second tree crop in a third row having tree spacing between adjacent trees and a second row spacing between the second and third rows, wherein the second row spacing is different from the first row spacing. The method further includes planting a first planting of a second energy crop in the second row spacing.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for interseeding an area of ground having existing vegetation growing thereon are provided. The interseeder apparatus tills a plurality of spaced-apart rows in the ground, deposits seed in the exposed soil of the rows, compacts the seed into the rows, and optionally, sprays at least a portion of the exiting vegetation adjacent the rows with a herbicide so as to reduce competition for the new seedling.

Abstract: A twin row planter comprises a drive and a pair of planter units powered by the drive. The planter units include seed metering wheels that are synchronized to discharge seeds in a predetermined staggered pattern along a harvesting row. One of the planter units is adjustable relative to the drive so as to achieve the desired pattern. In particular, the adjustable planter unit includes a connector that is configurable into a plurality of discrete indexing positions. The connector positions determine the relative angular offset between the metering wheels and, thereby, control the spacing of seed within the pattern.

Abstract: A seed planting unit provides a manifold connecting a vacuum to multiple metering disks. The manifold includes valves to sequentially connect the manifold branches to the seed unit so as to moderate the peak air flow necessary to be handled by the vacuum source reducing horsepower drain and cost of the vacuum source itself.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for dispensing fluids. The systems can include a sensor operable to detect when an object passes a first location as the object moves to a second location. The systems can also include a fluid dispenser operable to dispense fluid at the second location. In addition, the systems can include a control unit in communication with the sensor and the fluid dispenser. The control unit can receive information from the sensor that the object has passed the first location and to control the fluid dispenser to dispense fluid at the second location at a predetermined time after the object passes the first location.

Abstract: An improved method of monitoring penetration of a planting unit into a ground surface comprising engaging a planting unit with a ground surface wherein the planting unit has a planting unit frame and the planting unit frame is cooperatively engaged with a support member by a planting frame and wherein the planting unit comprises, a seed trench opening assembly operable to create a seed trench in a ground surface, a depth regulating member having a vertical position relative to the seed trench opening assembly and monitoring penetration of the furrow forming structure into the ground surface.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved grain drill and a method retrofitting a previously manufactured grain drill to provide accurate weight determination of seed in a seed hopper of the grain drill. A grain drill in accordance with the invention includes a frame having a plurality of wheels for supporting the grain drill during rolling over a surface of ground to be planted with seed grain; a hopper for containing the seed grain to be planted in the ground; a support which is joined to opposed sides of the frame and to spaced apart locations of the hopper to transfer weight of the hopper to the frame, the support including at least one weight sensing device which senses a weight of seed grain in the hopper transferred through the support to the frame and provides an output of the sensed weight of the seed grain in the hopper; and a display, coupled to the output, for displaying the weight of the seed grain contained in the hopper.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-plowing method for establishing vegetation on at least partially denuded land comprising the steps of: (a) laying out a continuous layer of nutrient matrix directly on said at least partially denuded land, said layer of nutrient matrix containing water and nutrient contents necessary for the growth of plants; (b) sowing plant seeds on the top surface of said at least partially denuded land before said layer of nutrient matrix is laid out, or sowing plant seeds into said layer of nutrient matrix after it is laid out, or mixing plant seeds with the constituents of said layer of nutrient matrix and laying out together with said layer of nutrient matrix; (c) establishing an artificial vegetable cover on said at least partially denuded land by supplying said plant seeds water and nutrient contents in said layer of nutrient matrix to sustain their growth.

Abstract: A map of site-specific amounts of a soil nutrient, to be applied in fertilizer to an agricultural field is created using a map of site-specific amounts of the soil nutrient needed to produce the maximum possible yield at the particular site. Subtracted from the site-specific amounts of nutrient needed are site-specific amounts of the nutrient currently existing in the field, thus producing the map of site-specific nutrient amounts to be added. The nutrient amounts may be added to the soil using the map and conventional variable-rate fertilizer application methods. In one embodiment, the amounts of the soil nutrient needed to produce the maximum possible yield at each site is created using a map of site-specific measures of biomass produced by the field in a past growing season or seasons, which in turn is created from a remotely sensed biomass image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a knife for and a method of zero till or minimum till seeding and fertilizing. The knife is particularly adapted for dry land conditions producing minimum solid disturbance and very shallow operation. The knife has a high penetration angle preferably of 45 degrees which permits the blade to enter high trash surface cover with little tendency to plug due to trash accumulation. The blade has a forward angle of attack, the lower cutting edge advancing before the upper cutting edge, serving to make a clean cut in the soil surface without accumulating trash. Seed and/or fertilizer conduits are attached to or incorporated in the trailing face of the blade in which the outlets may be spaced for controlled placement of the materials. By the method a furrow is cut having a substantial transverse component in an operation with a substantial forward component.

Abstract: Plastic mulched raised beds are fumigated using a fumigation system containing two opposing armatures affixed to a mounting arm at about a 50° angle and a blunt-ended knife with a blade attached at about a 90° angle to the knife. The system allows fumigant to be applied to the interior of the raised, plastic mulched beds without disturbing the mulch.

Abstract: A planting unit is provided having a seed trench opener that forms a seed trench in a ground surface as the planting unit travels along the ground. A depth regulating member is provided that has a predetermined vertical position relative to the opener. The depth regulating member is operable to ride along the ground and thus predetermined the seed trench depth. A suspension assembly is provided to reduce the shock forces on the planting unit when obstacles are encountered. Furthermore, a suspension system is provided to the seed trench opener, in addition to the depth regulating member.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved grain drill and a method retrofitting a previously manufactured grain drill to provide accurate weight determination of seed in a seed hopper of the grain drill. A grain drill in accordance with the invention includes a frame having a plurality of wheels for supporting the grain drill during rolling over a surface of ground to be planted with seed grain; a hopper for containing the seed grain to be planted in the ground; a support which is joined to opposed sides of the frame and to spaced apart locations of the hopper to transfer weight of the hopper to the frame, the support including at least one weight sensing device which senses a weight of seed grain in the hopper transferred through the support to the frame and provides an output of the sensed weight of the seed grain in the hopper; and a display, coupled to the output, for displaying the weight of the seed grain contained in the hopper.

Abstract: A system and method for electronically pulsing chemical with seed. The system and method incorporate a seed dispensing tube configured to dispense seeds, a granule tube configured to dispense chemical, an electrical valve configured to open so that chemical granules may be dispensed from the chemical granule tube, and a proximity sensor operably coupled to the electrical valve, the sensor being configured to sense a seed dispensed from the seed dispensing tube. The system may also include a metering mechanism for metering the quantity of chemical that is dispensed with the seed. The metering mechanism may be controlled by a radar unit on a tractor associated with the system, and the metering mechanism may be programmed to dispense a predetermined quantity of chemical with the seed.

Abstract: An improved grain drill depth adjustment tool for changing the seeding depth of a John Deere® Model 750 Grain Drill or its equivalent. The improved grain drill depth adjustment tool capable of unlocking a locked grain drill depth adjustment plate, repositioning the grain drill depth adjustment plate and allowing the grain drill depth adjustment plate to be re-locked in an alternate position. The improved grain drill depth adjustment tool comprising a lever; an engagement member attached to the lever; and a plurality of protrusions attached to the lever. The improved grain drill depth adjustment tool capable of performing its functions in a one-handed operation without the use of auxiliary tools. The one-handed operation requires minimal force and the tool is relatively easy to use. The grain drill depth adjustment tool is further capable of reducing adjustment time and thereby increasing farming efficiencies.

Abstract: A seed planting assembly is provided having a plurality of planting units supported by a tool bar, each of which being operable to form a seed trench in soil, plant seeds in the seed trench, and close the seed trench. The seed trench defines a depth that is achieved via a pair of gauge wheels. A press wheel assembly packs the trench after it has been seeded and closed. The planting assembly links the forward gauge wheels with the rear press wheel assembly for reciprocal motion to reduce the trench depth displacement when either a gauge wheel or a press wheel travels over an obstacle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a knife for and a method of zero till or minimum till seeding and fertilizing. The knife is particularly adapted for dry land conditions producing minimum solid disturbance and very shallow operation. The knife has a high penetration angle preferably of 45 degrees which permits the blade to enter high trash surface cover with little tendency to plug due to trash accumulation. The blade has a forward angle of attack, the lower cutting edge advancing before the upper cutting edge, serving to make a clean cut in the soil surface without accumulating trash. Seed and/or fertilizer conduits are attached to or incorporated in the trailing face of the blade in which the outlets may be spaced for controlled placement of the materials. By the method a furrow is cut having a substantial transverse component in an operation with a substantial forward component.

Abstract: An apparatus and manufacturing method in which from one to three hydraulic pumps are provided and installed near a front end of the implement, so that a first pump can be easily coupled to the power take-off shaft of the tractor by an operator. In an exemplary embodiment of a system for a planter apparatus, one pump supplies pressure and flow to a hydraulic circuit for operating the vacuum fan subsystem, and optionally a fertilizing subsystem. A second pump supplies pressure and flow to a hydraulic circuit for operating the seed drive subsystem. A third pump supplies pressure and flow to a hydraulic circuit for operating a bulk fill subsystem. A manufacturing method that provides multiple configurations is also disclosed.

Abstract: A seed planting assembly is provided having a plurality of planting units that are connected to an air moving system for drawing air through an air metering assembly located in each planting unit via a conduit connecting each air metering assembly to an air mover unit. An air blocking system is provided for blocking airflow in the conduit associated with one or more predetermined planting units.

Abstract: Treatment agents are provided for cell seedlings. Each treatment agent comprises water, a dispersant, and activated carbon finely dispersed with the dispersant in the water. Potted seedlings can be treated by dipping them in the treatment agent and/or by irrigating them with the treatment agent. In this manner, cell seedlings can be pre-treated before planting. The thus-planted seedlings may be irrigated with the treatment agent.

Abstract: The invention provides a new form of vegetative propagating material, referred to as “the grass plantlet”, as well as a method for producing it. The new vegetative planting material and the method by which it is obtained make it possible to replicate and increase both warm and cool season grasses more rapidly than by the conventional methods of seeding, sprigging, or plugging. Three to five new, clean, and pure generations of a newly developed seeded or vegetative cultivar can be obtained each year. Outcrossing, the need for burning and possibly for herbicide use are eliminated by the present invention. The present methodology embodies a sterile production system resulting in grass plantlets that are free of nematodes, pathogenic fungi, and damaging insects.

Abstract: Embodiments of an apparatus and method for planting plants are disclosed. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a vehicle, such as a tractor, and a planting apparatus that is movable across the ground by the vehicle. The vehicle desirably has a guiding system for automatically guiding the vehicle to follow a predetermined planting path as the vehicle moves across the ground. The guiding system can comprise, for example, a global positioning system for determining the instantaneous positions of the vehicle and an automatic steering system for steering the vehicle based on positioning information from global positioning. As the vehicle moves the planting apparatus along the planting path, the planting apparatus plants a row of plants, such as trees or other agricultural products, at spaced apart locations along the planting path.

Abstract: A system and method for providing an input attribute collected in an area while harvesting a crop from the area is described. The input attribute is collected and the geographic position occupied by a machine for applying materials to the area is measured. The input attribute and the geographic position are transmitted to a central system and associated with a zone including the geographic position at which the input attribute was collected. The zone is stored along with its associated input attribute. As the crop is harvested, the geographic position occupied by the harvesting machine is measured. The measured position of the harvesting machine is compared with the stored zone. If the position of the harvesting machine is determined to be in the stored zone, the input attribute associated with the zone is supplied to the operator of the harvesting machine.

Abstract: In a chemical soil disinfestation method, a fungicidally, insecticidally or nematicidally active amount of a mixture M comprising a component a) of a1) 20 to 96% by weight of sulfur, a2) 4 to 80% by weight of a complexing agent and, if appropriate, one or more crop protection agents b) and/or additives c) is applied.

Abstract: A seed planting assembly is provided having a plurality of planting units supported by a tool bar, each of which being operable to form a seed trench in soil, plant seeds in the seed trench, and close the seed trench. The seed trench defines a depth that is achieved via a pair of gauge wheels. A press wheel assembly packs the trench after it has been seeded and closed. The planting assembly links the forward gauge wheels with the rear press wheel assembly for reciprocal motion to reduce the trench depth displacement when either a gauge wheel or a press wheel travels over an obstacle.

Abstract: A highly efficient seed planting system and method for farmers with small acreages that allows quick changes in equipment to effect quick changes in planted seed patterns. The system includes a seed selector, a seed distributor, a planting member, a transport apparatus and a timing drive mechanism. Efficiency is provided by a number of features including easily changeable seed carrying drums each having different predetermined first seed patterns for different seeds that produce scaled second predetermined patterns in the ground, an easily changeable seed distribution arrangement, an easily changeable and variable seed supply, a simple vacuum/pressure producer, and a timing drive apparatus that synchronizes movement of the drums with the transport apparatus and allows easy changing of the seed spacing in each row.

Abstract: A map of site-specific amounts of a soil nutrient, to be applied in fertilizer to an agricultural field is created using a map of site-specific amounts of the soil nutrient needed to produce the maximum possible yield at the particular site. Subtracted from the site-specific amounts of nutrient needed are site-specific amounts of the nutrient currently existing in the field, thus producing the map of site-specific nutrient amounts to be added. The nutrient amounts may be added to the soil using the map and conventional variable-rate fertilizer application methods. In one embodiment, the amounts of the soil nutrient needed to produce the maximum possible yield at each site is created using a map of site-specific measures of biomass produced by the field in a past growing season or seasons, which in turn is created from a remotely sensed biomass image.

Abstract: A system for transferring and transplanting plants from a plant supply tray includes a first table having a plurality of matrix openings for holding the plant supply tray, where one or more plants are removed from the tray via the matrix openings. The first table also includes an indexing frame that positions the plant supply tray such that the one or more plants from the plant supply tray are aligned with the plurality of matrix openings. The system also includes a second table that holds a plant receiving area, a supporting frame that holds and aligns the first and second tables relative to one another, and a plant removal mechanism for removing the one or more plants from the plant supply tray.

Abstract: A system and process for dispensing a liquid agrochemical such as ammonia into a field is disclosed. The ammonia is placed in a vessel under sufficient pressure to maintain a substantial portion of the ammonia in a liquid form. From the pressurized vessel, the ammonia is fed to a distribution manifold where it is ultimately injected into a soil through a plurality of dispensing tubes. A constant pressure flow rate control device is placed at each dispensing tube for metering the amount of ammonia fed to the soil. Furthermore, the outlet flow of each constant pressure rate control device is made to vaporize nearby the inlet flow path to create a heat exchange effect thereby cooling the inlet flow. In particular, the flow control devices allow ammonia to be dispensed from the system while maintaining sufficient back pressure and temperature within the distribution manifold to maintain the ammonia in a liquid form.

Abstract: A planting tool having a handle, an auger receiver and a basket. The auger receiver has an upper opening and a lower opening. The auger receiver is attached to the handle. The auger receiver is adapted to receive an auger. The basket has an upper opening and a lower opening. The basket is slidably attached to the handle for movement between a raised position and a lowered position. When the basket is in the lowered position, the lower opening of the auger receiver is adjacent the lower opening of the basket to define a partially enclosed region between the auger receiver and the basket.

Abstract: A seed meter for planting seeds includes a seed plate rotatably mounted within a housing. A rotary seed chamber (RSC) is mounted in the housing adjacent the seed plate and movable between first and second positions, to permit the seed plate to singularly select individual seeds from the RSC while in a first position, and to dump seed therefrom as well as blocking seeds from entering the seed plate while in a second position. A seed intake compartment having an inlet end, and a discharge end is located adjacent the RSC. A valve is located in the intake compartment to intermittently prevent seed from flowing from the inlet end to the discharge end. A power means actuates both the RSC and the valve. A wing plate on the rotary seed chamber opens and closes the discharge end as the rotary seed chamber is in its first and second positions, respectively.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for supplying liquid anhydrous ammonia to a pump or other flow control system whereby a separation chamber removes vapor generated by friction in the flow path from a storage tank containing saturated anhydrous ammonia. Additionally, liquid ammonia in the separation chamber creates a static head pressure. The difference in height between the inlet near the top of the separation chamber and the outlet at the bottom causes the static head pressure. The static head assures pure liquid at the bottom since absolute pressure exceeds saturation pressure. As a result, the feed stream to the pump or other flow control system is free of ammonia vapor.

Abstract: A standardized receiver for bulk materials containers such as seeds for the quick and efficient loading of seed into a planter with bulk handling capability. Delivery mechanism associated with the receiver is disposed to accept materials discharged from the container after it has been placed on the planter frame and to transport such materials to the opener rows. A manifold of the mechanism is fitted with output pipe fixtures for the discharge of the seed to individual rows via flexible hose. The inlet of the manifold is on the top surface of the structure and aligned with the slidegate opening of the shipping container. Air pressure is created within the manifold by a fan assembly. Airflow exiting the manifold carries seed through the pipe fittings, into the hoses and on to the planter rows. The receiver mounts to the planter frame above the mechanism. The receiver conforms to the general dimensions of the bottom of a shipping container.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved grain drill and a method retrofitting a previously manufactured grain drill to provide accurate weight determination of seed in a seed hopper of the grain drill. A grain drill in accordance with the invention includes a frame having a plurality of wheels for supporting the grain drill during rolling over a surface of ground to be planted with seed grain; a hopper for containing the seed grain to be planted in the ground; a support which is joined to opposed sides of the frame and to spaced apart locations of the hopper to transfer weight of the hopper to the frame, the support including at least one weight sensing device which senses a weight of seed grain in the hopper transferred through the support to the frame and provides an output of the sensed weight of the seed grain in the hopper; and a display, coupled to the output, for displaying the weight of the seed grain contained in the hopper.

Abstract: An air seeder is provided having at least one container with a trough in the bottom floor. Preferably, the floor is formed with a v-shaped configuration converging at a metering mechanism. An auger is rotatably mounted in the trough to move particulate material to the metering mechanism located at a distal end of the container. The auger is powered by a motor mounted on the distal end of the auger opposite the metering mechanism. A remote fan mechanism is provided to deliver a supply of air to the metering mechanism through a pair of conveying tubes. Optionally, a sensor is provided to control the operation of the auger so that the auger only operates when it is needed.

Abstract: An implement lift system for connection to a tractor and a farm implement, the system including a frame having a plurality of pivotal attachment devices being the sole structural connection of the implement lift system to the tractor. The pivotal attachment devices are substantially aligned about an axis and a support member is associated with the frame. The support member is movable in a plane substantially parallel with the axis. The support member being connectable to the farm implement.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for dispensing aggregates for lawn improvement. Aggregates are delivered to the site in a primary dispensing vehicle, which is configured to allow a smaller secondary dispensing vehicle to be loaded with the aggregate directly from the primary vehicle. The process includes aerating the soil, distributing a variety of soil amendments evenly over the area to be treated and then dragging a unique drag mat over the area to make a smooth contour and to even the distribution of the aggregate.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises a vehicle, such as a tractor, and a planting apparatus that is movable across the ground by the vehicle. The vehicle desirably has a guiding system for automatically guiding the vehicle to follow a predetermined planting path as the vehicle moves across the ground. The guiding system can comprise, for example, a global positioning system for determining the instantaneous positions of the vehicle and an automatic steering system for steering the vehicle based on positioning information from global positioning. As the vehicle moves the planting apparatus along the planting path, the planting apparatus plants a row of plants, such as trees or other agricultural products, at spaced apart locations along the planting path.

Abstract: The soil mulching process, includes the following stages: mixing together at least two liquid starting substances able to react together to give rise, within a determined time period, to an inert solid final substance while still in the liquid state, pouring the obtained mixture onto the soil surface in a quantity such as to obtain on the soil surface, when the reaction between the components is complete, a layer of the solid substance of a thickness which prevents light passage through it.

Abstract: A planting implement is configured with a cleanup system for the removal of product associated with operation of the planting implement. The planting implement generally includes a fluid pressure source in combination with at least one planting unit configured to deposit the product at a controlled rate in an agricultural field. The cleanup system generally includes a product separator with an inlet line and a collection line. The inlet line communicates the vacuum pressure generated by the pressure source to the product separator. The collection line communicates the vacuum pressure at the product separator to a location of the product on the planting implement. The vacuum pressure at the collection line is operable to entrain the product in a combined product and forced air stream that is conveyed by the collection line for removal at the product separator.

Abstract: A planning assembly and liquid application device for same having a furrow opening mechanism, a frame including a seed guide, a seed tube for directing seeds into a furrow, a liquid source, a liquid delivery conduit having a delivery end, and a furrow closing mechanism. The planting assembly also including a spray arm including a proximal end, a central portion, and a distal end, the proximal end being mounted to a second tube, the seed guide, or the frame, and the central portion extending rearwood such that the distal end is disposed above the furrow, and wherein the liquid delivery conduit is in fluid communication with the liquid source and the delivery end is adjacent to the distal end.

Abstract: A drive mechanism for an agricultural planter includes a first electronic controller, a second electronic controller, a hydraulic valve manifold, hydraulic drives for the seed and fertilizer hoppers, and a feedback sensor from the hydraulic drives to the second electronic controller. The first electronic controller is located in the cab of the tractor connected to the planter, while the second electronic controller is mounted on the planter to control the operation of the hydraulic drives. The feedback sensors provide data as to the operation of the hydraulic drives. Another sensor associated with the forward speed of the planter also provides input to the second electronic controller so that the second controller can coordinate the operational speed of the hydraulic drives to provide the rate of application of the seed and fertilizer products desired by the operator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for cultivating leafy vegetables such as spinach, lettuce and the like, according to which a net (3) with meshes which are smaller in size than the overall volume of the leafy body of the fully grown vegetables is spread over the surface of the cultivation bed. The cultivation method according to the present invention offers the considerable advantage that the vegetables, once the roots have been cut, may be retrieved, amassed or in any case simply harvested by raising the net from the ground, without any risk that the quality or integral nature of the vegetables may be adversely affected in any way.

Abstract: A seeding apparatus may include a control unit to meter a predetermined amount of seed at desired intervals of time, distance, or the like. For instance, in one embodiment a tractor-towable seeder may include a trailing wheel, a sensor which detects the radial or circumferential travel of the wheel, and a control unit which receives the sensor input and triggers the release of seeds at the desired intervals. The control unit may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to a programmable logic controller or a low-voltage relay and distribution system. Suitable sensors may be selected based on the desired metering apparatus and control device.

Abstract: A planter apparatus includes a seed meter including a housing assembly with a cover releasably connected to a shell. The housing assembly includes at least one opening formed therein adjacent a seed discharge area to promote the release of seeds from a disc rotatably attached to the housing assembly. The disc divides an interior of the housing assembly to include a vacuum chamber and a seed chamber. The disc including a plurality of openings formed adjacent a periphery of the disc. The planter apparatus may also include a singulator assembly having rotatably spools, a rotatable chute door, a disc having clusters of openings for simultaneous release, and a one-piece baffle.

Abstract: A seeding machine includes at least one seed metering system and at least one seed placement system. Each seed metering system includes a seed disc having a plurality of spaced apart seed cells and a circumferential edge. An edge drive engages the circumferential edge for rotatably driving the seed disc. Each seed placement system is in communication with a corresponding seed metering system.

Abstract: A planter apparatus includes a seed meter including a housing assembly with a cover releasably connected to a shell. The housing assembly includes at least one opening formed therein adjacent a seed discharge area to promote the release of seeds from a disc rotatably attached to the housing assembly. The disc divides an interior of the housing assembly to include a vacuum chamber and a seed chamber. The disc including a plurality of openings formed adjacent a periphery of the disc. The planter apparatus may also include a singulator assembly having rotatably spools, a rotatable chute door, a disc having clusters of openings for simultaneous release, and a one-piece baffle.

Abstract: A planter apparatus includes a seed meter including a housing assembly with a cover releasably connected to a shell. The housing assembly includes at least one opening formed therein adjacent a seed discharge area to promote the release of seeds from a disc rotatably attached to the housing assembly. The disc divides an interior of the housing assembly to include a vacuum chamber and a seed chamber. The disc including a plurality of openings formed adjacent a periphery of the disc. The planter apparatus may also include a singulator assembly having rotatably spools, a rotatable chute door, a disc having clusters of openings for simultaneous release, and a one-piece baffle.

Abstract: Methods for planting sugarcane seed are provided to achieve high sugarcane plant densities per unit area. The methods include providing sugarcane seed pieces in an appropriate length, preparing the soil for planting the sugarcane seed by creating rows of wide furrows or wide seedbeds, placing the sugarcane seed on the prepared soil in a random orientation to form a layer of sugarcane seed or in an orientation perpendicular to the direction of the furrows or seedbeds, and covering the sugarcane pieces with soil. Soil preparation includes creation of wide rows of furrows, flat seedbeds or raised seedbeds, with each row ranging in width from about 0.5 meters to about 3.1 meters.