Including A Submerged Hull (e.g., Semisubmerged Watercraft, Etc.) Patents (Class 114/61.12)
  • Patent number: 11286023
    Abstract: A novel rotatable hull that generally includes a hull that is capable of rotating around an attachment point where it is connected to a vessel. In preferred embodiments, an outdoor motor mounted to the rotatable hull will turn to vector thrust and apply a moment to rotate the hull around a nominally vertical axis where the hull connects to the vessel. The invention also is directed to a vessel, which employs a plurality of rotatable hulls. A plurality of rotatable hulls can be arranged into a tripod, square or other stable geometric configuration and connected by a structure to form a vessel that can move in any direction along the plane of the surface of the water with or without changing the yaw axis orientation of the connecting structure. This may be useful in applications such as catching objects that are descending from the sky.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 28, 2019
    Date of Patent: March 29, 2022
    Assignee: Argo Rocket Marine, Inc.
    Inventors: George Parker Shinn, Pete Melvin
  • Patent number: 11052978
    Abstract: A floating structure and basic module of a floating structure are presented. The floating structure includes multiple lower floating bodies, an upper structure, and intermediate connection structures. The multiple lower floating bodies include multiple distributed elongated floating bodies. The floating bodies are spaced from each other by a certain distance. The sum of the displacement volumes of the floating bodies is greater than the displacement volume when the floating structure as a whole is fully loaded. The intermediate connection structures include at least multiple connection structures in a first direction, the first direction intersecting the horizontal plane. A connection structure in the first direction corresponds to a single elongated floating body connected to three or more spaced structures. The cross-section width of each intermediate connection structure in the horizontal direction is less than the width of the corresponding elongated floating body.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 12, 2018
    Date of Patent: July 6, 2021
    Assignee: TANGSHAN REMOVABLE ISLAND MARINE HEAVY INDUSTRY CO., LTD.
    Inventors: Xiaoji Yuan, Quanming Miao, Shizhao Wang, Zengguang Zhang, Guangkun Yang, HeHe Wu, Nan Gu, Bei Liu, Yunmei Hong
  • Patent number: 10202170
    Abstract: A hull for a semi-submersible wind turbine platform capable of floating on a body of water and supporting a wind turbine includes a keystone and at least three bottom beams extending radially outward of the keystone. Each bottom beam has a primary beam portion and a column base portion, wherein the column base portion is configured to support an outer column of the hull thereon, and wherein the primary beam portion defines a first ballast compartment therein. The first ballast compartment is in fluid communication with water in the body of water in which the hull is floating.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 20, 2016
    Date of Patent: February 12, 2019
    Assignee: University of Maine System Board of Trustees
    Inventors: Habib J. Dagher, Anthony M. Viselli, Mark Dwyer
  • Publication number: 20150136005
    Abstract: Described are submersible assemblies including a support structure comprising a pair of flotation devices and a cabin pivotally coupled to the support structure between the pair of flotation devices having an outer enclosure encapsulating an inner cabin, wherein the cabin is configured to rotate between a raised position above a surface of a body of water and a submerged position, wherein at least a portion of the cabin is below the surface of the body of water, and wherein the inner cabin is configured to maintain substantially the same attitude as the support structure when the cabin rotates between the raised position and the submerged position.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 14, 2013
    Publication date: May 21, 2015
    Inventor: Martin KUSTER
  • Patent number: 8857365
    Abstract: A marine vessel comprising a command module, first and second buoyant tubular foils, and first and second struts for connecting the first and second buoyant tubular foils to the command module, respectively, wherein the first and second buoyant tubular foils provide substantially all buoyancy required for the marine vessel, and wherein the marine vessel further comprises first and second engines enclosed within the first and second buoyant tubular foils, respectively, and first and second propulsion units connected to the first and second engines, respectively, for moving the marine vessel through water, and means for reducing drag on the vessel as the vessel moves through water.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 18, 2011
    Date of Patent: October 14, 2014
    Assignee: Juliet Marine Systems, Inc.
    Inventor: Gregory E. Sancoff
  • Patent number: 8683937
    Abstract: A submersible vessel comprising: an elongated hull; at least one propeller mounted on a forward end of said hull and adapted to move said hull through water; said at least one propeller being of a size and configuration such that when it is rotated at an appropriate speed, it generates supercavitated water flowing from said at least one propeller and then along an outer surface of said hull so as to diminish friction on the outer surface of said hull and facilitate high underwater speeds.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 30, 2012
    Date of Patent: April 1, 2014
    Assignee: Juliet Marine Systems, Inc.
    Inventor: Gregory E. Sancoff
  • Publication number: 20120192781
    Abstract: A watercraft device according to the invention includes a central body and two lateral hulls, each having a shape optimized to reduce resistance to the advance motion and connected to the central body through at least one connecting arm, causing the central body to be in raised position with respect to the lateral hulls. The connecting arms have a given angle from the horizontal plan of the device, and the lateral hulls and the central body are oriented with longitudinal axes, or axes in the bow-stern direction, essentially parallel to each other. The central body connecting the lateral hulls is shaped like wing, which helps in sustaining the weight of the vehicle at high speed and exploits ground effect to increase aerodynamic efficiency. In addition, each of the lateral hulls has one or more mobile and/or fixed hydrofoil elements that extend below the corresponding lateral hull.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 31, 2012
    Publication date: August 2, 2012
    Inventor: Stefano Brizzolara
  • Publication number: 20120192777
    Abstract: A watercraft device includes a central body and of two lateral hulls. Each lateral hull is connected to a central body by at least one connecting arm, so that the central body is in a raised position relative to two lateral hulls, the connecting arms having a given inclination to the vertical plane of the watercraft device. The two lateral arms and the central body are oriented with their longitudinal axes, i.e. the bow to stern axes, parallel to each other. Each of the two lateral hulls includes a body having a substantially cylindrical symmetry, with an annular constriction between the fore and the aft main sections of the lateral hulls.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 30, 2012
    Publication date: August 2, 2012
    Inventor: Stefano Brizzolara
  • Patent number: 7865311
    Abstract: The present technical solution provided allows it to determine true meridian of any movable object. This solution is based on determining true meridian by zero value of linear acceleration induced created by changing the projection of the vector of linear velocity, caused by rotating any heavenly body, in particular, the terrestrial globe. The determination is implemented in compact variant only by the devices located on the movable object without any necessity of using induced radiations, quickly and accurately without any necessity of knowing the coordinates of location and the speed of movement irrespective of weather conditions, transverse accelerations, temperature changes and external magnetic fields influence.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 22, 2007
    Date of Patent: January 4, 2011
    Inventors: Michael Naumov, George Naumov
  • Publication number: 20100224114
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a semi-submersible vessel comprising at least one lower hull section (22) which defines a first water displacing volume; a support structure (24) connected to the at least one lower hull section (22) and extending upward from the at least one lower hull section, wherein the support structure (24) has a waterplane area which is substantially smaller than the waterplane area of the at least one lower hull section; a deck structure (26) connected to the support structure (24), wherein the deck structure (26) is provided at a distance above the at least one lower hull section (22); a ballast system for controllably varying the draft of the vessel such that at a first draft (30) the at least one lower hull section (22) may be provided at least in part above the water-line and at a second draft (28) the support structure may be provided at least partly below the water-line; wherein the assembly of said at least one lower hull section, said support structure and said deck structure c
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 12, 2006
    Publication date: September 9, 2010
    Applicant: HEEREMA MARINE CONTRACTORS NEDERLAND B.V.
    Inventor: Ton Coppens
  • Publication number: 20100003085
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of constructing a semi-submersible unit comprising a side wall, wherein the method comprises the steps of: placing a hull in a body of water, the hull comprising an opening for receiving an end piece, the end piece constituting at least a portion of the side wall; lowering the hull into the body of water, and connecting a deck structure to the hull to form a semi-submersible unit. The present invention also relates to a kit for constructing a semi-submersible unit comprising a side wall, wherein the kit comprises hull comprising an opening and a deck structure. Moreover, the present invention relates to a semi-submersible unit constructed according to the method and/or from a kit according to the present invention.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 1, 2009
    Publication date: January 7, 2010
    Applicant: GVA Consultants AB
    Inventor: Bernt Erik Westre
  • Publication number: 20080190342
    Abstract: An ocean going vessel with interchangeable superstructure and hull in which the superstructure has control units for controlling propulsion and steering, as well as components for communication and navigation. The superstructure and the hull each have an interface providing quick connect and disconnect capability between the control units of the superstructure and the components being controlled of the hull. A system for interchanging superstructures and hulls for ocean going vessels is enabled in which the superstructure of an inbound vessel is removed and transferred to an outbound hull with the use of a crane at the port facility. This facilitates quick turnaround time of the superstructure and crew of the inbound vessel. This also enables inbound ship hulls to be inspected without delaying the outbound hull that has been preloaded from being shipped out of port with the transferred superstructure.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 13, 2007
    Publication date: August 14, 2008
    Inventor: Luis Daniel Elizondo
  • Patent number: 7287480
    Abstract: A nautical transport vehicle includes at least one floating member, at least one longitudinal fin pivotally mounted on the floating member, and at least one corresponding plate mounted on the floating member and parallel with the longitudinal fin. Thus, the nautical transport vehicle is immersed in the water stably to form a balance support, so that the ship mounted on the nautical transport vehicle is flush rested on the water surface smoothly to obtain tension and buoyancy efficiently.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 1, 2005
    Date of Patent: October 30, 2007
    Inventor: Kang-Chin Lin
  • Patent number: 7143710
    Abstract: A low drag ship hull generally includes a side air cavity initiated by wetted bow section, bottom air cavity initiated by wetted bottom nosepiece, wetted stem section that closes a lower portion of the side cavity, wetted bottom tailpiece that closes the bottom cavity, stabilizing fin, and propulsor. The bottom of a catamaran hull cross structure includes bow impact alleviator. Optional flaps in the stabilizing fins, together with optional all-movable canard fins are used for control. Different wetted bow sections and retractable plates are used for starting side cavities. A low drag hull may utilize multiple air cavities. A new low drag hull includes a new upper bottom air cavity that is initiated by an upper bottom wetted nosepiece, and closed by an upper bottom tailpiece. Alternative designs include a shortened forward hull spaced ahead of a shortened aft hull, and a hydrofoil-supported trimaran with low drag hulls.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 11, 2003
    Date of Patent: December 5, 2006
    Inventors: Thomas G. Lang, James T. Lang
  • Patent number: 7070468
    Abstract: An efficient double-ended watercraft is disclosed that comprises four low-Froude number hulls: two forward, two aft, two on the port side, and two on the starboard. Each hull comprises an independent engine that drives a propeller shaft and propeller that is located amidships. The propeller shafts on the starboard are collinear, as are the propeller shafts on the port. The propellers on the starboard are near each other and counter rotate, as do the propellers on the port. The propellers are variable-pitch propellers. When the ferry is changes from moving forward to moving in reverse and from reverse to forward, the propellers on the starboard exchange pitch. This enables the ferry to move as efficiently in reverse as it does when forward. The propellers on the port also exchange pitch when changing from moving forward to moving in reverse and from reverse to forward.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 1, 2004
    Date of Patent: July 4, 2006
    Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation
    Inventor: Terrence W. Schmidt
  • Patent number: 6912965
    Abstract: A semisubmersible trimaran for use in an afloat sea base is disclosed. The trimaran has an upper deck structure 12 supported on a longitudinal center hull 26 and column-stabilized, longitudinal outrigger pontoons 28. The center hull 26 and pontoon columns 38 and 40 have a reduced waterplane area for minimizing motion during operations. The trimaran has a transit draft 37 for deployment at full waterplane area, and an operating draft 36 with a reduced waterplane area for damping motion. The vessel can be deployed with a transit drive 42 on the hull 26, and dynamically positioned at a destination for operations. Multiple trimarans can be assembled to provide an extended upper surface, including a landing area for fixed-wing aircraft.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 10, 2004
    Date of Patent: July 5, 2005
    Assignee: Kellogg Brown & Root, Inc.
    Inventors: John Gaston Leitch, Harvey E. McBee, II, Jan Veldwijk, Douglass John Williams
  • Patent number: 6789490
    Abstract: A ship designed to achieve high speed through the use of multiple, low wave-making resistance, submerged hullform pods is constructed for stable operation during maneuvers with and without a payload. Movable fins on the submerged hullform pods are constructed and are operable to provide the turning and to counteract an inertial moment produced by an elevated center of gravity of the ship so that the ship turns flat or rolls into a turn and does not roll out of a turn. A load balancing pod is movable fore-to-aft and side-to-side to balance the amount and the location of varied payloads on the ship. The movement of the fins may be a tilting movement, or each fin can be maintained at a set angle but extendable out of and retractable into a related pod to create the amount of side force needed for maneuvers and/or to control the amount of lift that might be needed during operation of the ship.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 19, 2002
    Date of Patent: September 14, 2004
    Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation
    Inventor: Terrence Wayne Schmidt
  • Patent number: 6688248
    Abstract: A submersible catamaran made of two parallel submergible floats, each having a triangular bow, a float midsection, a tail, and stern, a solid support surface forming a top to the two submergible floats adapted for supporting heavy loads, two movable columns disposed on the solid support surface, a fixed column on each submergible float, a ballast system disposed in each submergible float to raise and lower the catamaran with respect to the waterline, a horizontal positioning system with maneuvering winches and maneuvering lines connected to the winch and an object at sea, a controller for orienting the catamaran relative to the object at sea, and a vertical positioning system with two lines secured substantially vertically to the object at sea, two motion compensation systems disposed for monitoring the line tensions, and a control system to control the tension between the two motion compensation systems and the object at sea.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 10, 2002
    Date of Patent: February 10, 2004
    Assignee: Itrec B.V.
    Inventor: Joop Roodenburg
  • Publication number: 20030205189
    Abstract: A semi-submersible floating production vessel which has a ring pontoon. Three main columns extend upwardly from corners of the pontoon and three secondary, minor columns extend upwardly from centers of the triangle sides. The columns are surrounded with fenders for protecting the columns from impact with floating bodies. The columns support an open frame deck, on which production modules are positioned. The vessel is adapted for semi-permanent mooring with pre-tensioned mooring lines that are attached to swivel padeyes secured on the main columns below the water line. Production and export risers are connected to the vessel below the water line. Compressed air ballast system allows selective emptying of ballast compartments located in the ring pontoon and eliminates the need for a conventional pump room.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 3, 2002
    Publication date: November 6, 2003
    Inventors: Joe Wayne Key, Paul Ray Geiger, Calvin Vinal Norton, Robert Edward Clague
  • Publication number: 20030154896
    Abstract: A ship designed to achieve high speed through the use of multiple, low wave-making resistance, submerged hullform pods is constructed for stable operation during maneuvers with and without a payload. Movable fins on the submerged hullform pods are constructed and are operable to provide the turning and to counteract an inertial moment produced by an elevated center of gravity of the ship so that the ship turns flat or rolls into a turn and does not roll out of a turn. A load balancing pod is movable fore-to-aft and side-to-side to balance the amount and the location of varied payloads on the ship. The movement of the fins may be a tilting movement, or each fin can be maintained at a set angle but extendable out of and retractable into a related pod to create the amount of side force needed for maneuvers and/or to control the amount of lift that might be needed during operation of the ship.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 19, 2002
    Publication date: August 21, 2003
    Applicant: Lockheed Martin Corporation
    Inventor: Terrence Wayne Schmidt
  • Patent number: 6588352
    Abstract: In operation for wave avoidance the WAY presents only a small profile and a small part of its total structure to the most dynamically active part of all ocean waves, their surface and crests. This includes all storm and rogue waves. In this mode the bulk of the vessel is distributed through lower more quiescent water and spans differentiated deep wave effect. In this mode the WAY has low above surface reserve buoyancy-able-to-induce unwanted motion. In wave avoidance mode when not underway, the WAY is stabilized by low reserve buoyancy of its wave piercing causeways (12). Underway the WAY behaves as a small wing effect hydrodynamic flying body and does not rely upon wings or hydrofoils which receive undesirable acceleration forces and motion from deep wave effect. Flight path is controlled by orientation which is controlled by a large separation between center of buoyancy and a purposefully moveable center of mass.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 15, 2002
    Date of Patent: July 8, 2003
    Inventor: John Kay
  • Patent number: 6532884
    Abstract: High speed electric watercraft of various configurations are provided that utilize at least one submerged enclosed hull containing an electric motor and at least one other parallel float positioned higher that the enclosed hull to provide buoyancy for a platform that can carry one or more individuals above a water surface. The watercraft optionally include features of (1) a rounded front end on the platform, (2) a platform length that is shorter than the float for stability against tipping, (3) entryways that do not require stepping over a vessel hull, (4) dimensions fore and aft that minimize spray onto the rear of the platform, (5) shock absorbers to provide a smoother ride, and (6) adjustable struts that connect floats with the platform to allow control of the platform height above the water surface. These and other features are made possible by a fast electric design that avoids certain problems of vessel type watercraft.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 11, 2001
    Date of Patent: March 18, 2003
    Assignee: Maruta Electric Boatworks LLC
    Inventors: James Arthur Profitt, Joseph Timothy Peek, Kayo Motsenbocker, Marvin Andrew Motsenbocker
  • Publication number: 20020185046
    Abstract: Readout devices and controls are provided that alert the user to unusual propeller slip conditions. Embodiments of the invention incorporate some signal processing to account for a progressively greater slip at lower watercraft speeds. Thus, the invention provides simple information that tells the user if a boat propeller combination is being operated suboptimally, without requiring the knowledge and use of multiple slip figures for differing boat speeds. The invention allows greater economy of operation, automatic anticavitation control and can alert the watercraft operator to unusual conditions such as anchor down, propeller up other situations that affect propeller loading.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 10, 2002
    Publication date: December 12, 2002
    Inventor: Marvin A. Motsenbocker
  • Patent number: 6439148
    Abstract: The invention is gas-filled cavities that reduce drag on the underwater surfaces of marine vehicles. Hydrofoils, struts, boat and ship hulls, pontoons, underwater bodies, fins, rudders, fairings, protuberances, submarine sails and propulsors are underwater surfaces that may be covered by the gas-filled cavities to reduce drag on them. The gas-filled cavities are to be used on underwater surfaces of marine vehicles, such as hydrofoil craft, monohulls, catamarans, SWATH (small waterplane area twin hull) craft, SES (surface-effect ships) and WIG (wing-in-ground effect) vehicles. Each gas-filled cavity is formed by ejecting air near the end of each nosepiece. Air is ejected at a speed and direction which is close to that of the water at the local cavity wall. The cavity is formed behind the nosepiece. The nosepiece is adapted to control the shape of the cavity.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 13, 2000
    Date of Patent: August 27, 2002
    Inventor: Thomas G. Lang
  • Publication number: 20020023579
    Abstract: High speed electric watercraft of various configurations are provided that utilize at least one submerged enclosed hull containing an electric motor and at least one other parallel float positioned higher that the enclosed hull to provide buoyancy for a platform that can carry one or more individuals above a water surface. The watercraft optionally include features of (1) a rounded front end on the platform, (2) a platform length that is shorter than the float for stability against tipping, (3) entryways that do not require stepping over a vessel hull, (4) dimensions fore and aft that minimize spray onto the rear of the platform, (5) shock absorbers to provide a smoother ride, and (6) adjustable struts that connect floats with the platform to allow control of the platform height above the water surface. These and other features are made possible by a fast electric design that avoids certain problems of vessel type watercraft.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 11, 2001
    Publication date: February 28, 2002
    Inventors: James Arthur Profitt, Joseph Timothy Peek, Kayo Motsenbocker, Marvin Andrew Motsenbocker
  • Patent number: 6273015
    Abstract: New electric boat designs are provided that exploit the weight of a battery to stabilize the boat and in some cases to overcome the hull speed limitation problem. The battery mass is enclosed in one or two torpedo-like structures that are mostly or completely submerged. A platform is spaced above the torpedo(s) via one or more struts that may allow wave energy to pass through the watercraft rather than collide with large vertical surfaces. The design minimizes wake formation, wave sensitivity and is useful for new kinds of electric boats that can dive with an air bubble to allow submarine use, higher speed pleasure craft, and sailing craft that can remain stable in shallow draft waters. The stabilized watercraft optionally have computer monitoring of wave activity and control for greater resistance to adverse weather conditions.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 1, 2000
    Date of Patent: August 14, 2001
    Assignee: Maruta Electric Boatworks LLC
    Inventors: Marvin A. Motsenbocker, Kayo Motsenbocker
  • Patent number: 6250240
    Abstract: Improvement in water craft of single-hull type or multi-hull type and having a drive apparatus or a hub (7) carrying a ventilated propeller (6) of so called “surface piercing” type, in which the drive or the hub (7) with the surface piercing propeller (6) is mounted close to the end of a fin like hull body (4), or a fin like part of an integral hull body, preferably having an elongated torpedo like (11) bottom body, and which fin like body (4) is so deep that the propeller (6), at all speeds of the ship, operates entirely under water, and in which the rear end of the conical fin body (4, 11) extends transversally to the longitudinal direction of the ship and has an average width in this direction which is substantially less than the diameter of the propeller (6). The torpedo like body (11) may have a front cone which can be expelled some distance in front of the torpedo body (11).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 16, 1999
    Date of Patent: June 26, 2001
    Inventors: Hans Thiger, Pierre Thiger
  • Patent number: 6209470
    Abstract: An improved multi-operational mode marine vessel is proposed that has blower pressurized air cushions that are utilized during high speed operations disposed in one or more secondary supporting hulls wherein said secondary supporting hulls are connected to a main hull by struts in the preferred embodiment of the invention and where, when the air cushions are not utilized, the secondary hulls are at least partially submerged thereby providing an exceptionally stable marine vehicle while stationary or at low speeds. This submergence of the secondary hulls can be enhanced by use of one or more water buoyancy tanks that would generally be disposed in the secondary supporting hulls. In the preferred version of the invention, blower pressurized air is ducted from blowers in the main hull through the struts to the air cushion recesses in the secondary supporting hulls.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 4, 1999
    Date of Patent: April 3, 2001
    Inventor: Donald E. Burg
  • Patent number: 6167829
    Abstract: The invention is gas-filled cavities that reduce drag on the underwater surfaces of marine vehicles. Hydrofoils, struts, boat and ship hulls, pontoons, underwater bodies, fins, rudders, fairings, protuberances, submarine sails and propulsors are underwater surfaces that may be covered by the gas-filled cavities to reduce drag on them. The gas-filled cavities are to be used on underwater surfaces of marine vehicles, such as hydrofoil craft, monohulls, catamarans, SWATH (small waterplane area twin hull) craft, SES (surface-effect ships) and WIG (wing-in-ground effect) vehicles. Each gas-filled cavity is formed by ejecting air near the end of each nosepiece. Air is ejected at a speed and direction which is close to that of the water at the local cavity wall. The cavity is formed behind the nosepiece. The nosepiece is adapted to control the shape of the cavity.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 9, 1997
    Date of Patent: January 2, 2001
    Inventor: Thomas G. Lang
  • Patent number: H2173
    Abstract: An unmanned hydroplaning water surface vehicle having a gondola housing with external midway lift and control foils that allow the unmanned surface vehicle to provide lift and control in water at sufficient speed. A superstructure trimaran hull serves as a stable operation platform during low speed maneuvers or at rest. The superstructure hull encloses command and control systems capable of remote, semi-autonomous or fully autonomous control and navigation and vehicle attitude control. A plurality of mission specific payloads and sensors are positioned within the superstructure hull and gondola housing to allow for various types of missions. A strut connects the gondola housing and the superstructure hull above the waterline, as well as to provide for the passage therebetween of a plurality of transmission and control lines. The strut also mounts a rudder above propeller at the stern end of the gondola housing.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 10, 2003
    Date of Patent: October 3, 2006
    Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy
    Inventors: David A. Newborn, Richard K. Knutson, Stephen P. Ebner