Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for the application of a liquid or pasty medium onto a traveling fiber material web. The medium is directly applied on at least one side of the traveling material web. The medium is pressed into the traveling material web after the medium is directly applied on the traveling material web.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for applying, by means of a slotted nozzle device formed between a stationary incoming nozzle lip and a trailing nozzle lip, a thin layer of coating material to a porous material web that passes over a counterpressure roll, wherein a doctor bar with an essentially circular cross-sectional shape is disposed on the trailing nozzle lip; this doctor bar has on its periphery at least one flattened section that runs across the entire longitudinal extension of the doctor bar and is rotatably supported within a doctor support so that the flattened section is adjustable at a setting angle relative to the counterpressure roll.

Abstract: A coater for directly or indirectly applying a coating medium to a fiber web includes a mounting; a coater rod; and a coater rod bed connected to the mounting. The coater rod bed includes a metal body with a longitudinal extension, a rod holding portion with an inner contoured surface, at least one longitudinally extending groove in the contoured surface, and at least one non-metallic bearing strip within each respective longitudinally extending groove. The coater rod bed is rotatably carried within the rod holding portion and directly engaged by each non-metallic bearing strip.

Abstract: An apparatus for direct or indirect application of at least one liquid or pasty medium onto a traveling material web, notably of paper or cardboard, includes at least one applicator for the medium. Coordinated with the applicator is a backing roll for receiving the medium in the indirect application or for carrying the material web in the direct application. The applicator includes a coating doctor and, arranged a distance from the coating doctor in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the backing roll, a second doctor element. The second doctor element bounds, with the coating doctor, a coating chamber for the medium. The coating doctor and the second doctor element are retained on a common, substantially rigid doctor bed and bound together with the backing roll surface and the doctor bed surface the coating chamber. At least one feed line for feeding the medium to the coating chamber is provided in the common doctor bed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for applying a coat mix to a high-speed running board or paper web by accurately premetering and pre-smoothing the applied coat with an applicator apparatus and then minimally doctoring the applied coat with an air knife. The applicator apparatus has a narrow slot-orifice extending in a cross-machine direction for facilitating high-speed laminar flow of coating mix into a gap region defined by confronting surfaces of the applicator apparatus and the web. The applicator apparatus has a member for directing the ejected coating mix in the gap region in a direction reverse to a travel direction of the web so that only a predetermined portion of the ejected coating mix is allowed to form an applied coat on the web. This accurate premetering of the coating mix by the applicator apparatus permits an operator to readily optimize the subsequent process of doctoring the applied coating with an air knife.

Abstract: A coater head for applying coating to a size press roll of a size press coater, the coater head has a flow passage with a metering device at its outlet end and a metering chamber immediately adjacent to the metering end. A shear developing passage delivers coating to the metering chamber and a mixing passage leading into the metering chamber mixes fresh coating with return coating on the surface of the roll to carry the fresh coating to the outlet end of the metering chamber. The metering chamber is dimensioned to form a stable vortex within the chamber thereby to improve the uniformity of the coating wet film.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device (1) for applying a substance (9) to a surface (3), the device comprising a carrier beam (2) and a doctor blade unit (40) which can be pressed magnetically against the surface (3). Provided between the doctor blade unit (40) and the carrier beam (2) is a holder connection (5) which produces play transversely to the surface (3). The holder connection (5) comprises at least one pair of sliding holder elements (51, 52) which can move only in translation, interact and form a sliding guide plane (500) which can be aligned on the region of the doctor blade element application zone (31). The holder elements are interconnected in a manner rigid against tilting such that all the moments due to thrust forces on the doctor blade unit (40) act with respect to a point of application on the carrier beam without losses of moments.

Abstract: A pre-metering rod is located between a coating applicator and an air knife, and replaces the smoothing roll in some existing air knife applications. The pre-metering rod consists of a small diameter rod of about one and one-half inches in diameter that rotates at 10-500 rpm against the direction of the coating layer on the web. The web is wrapped around a portion of the circumference amounting to about twenty-five degrees of the rod's surface as it travels over the rod. The rod is supported in a rod holder supported on a support beam. Actuators move the support beam away from the web for threading and maintenance, and towards the web to engage the rod with the web. The combination of the rod diameter, the amount of wrap on the rod, and the speed of the rod rotation determine the amount of pre-metering of the coating, which determines the thickness of the coating layer on the web that is presented to the air knife section. As a result, the thickness of the coating layer can be decreased.

Abstract: The invention involves a fluid treatment device to solution or melt impregnate a resin or polymer or any combination thereof into a reinforcement which can be utilized to fabricate composite materials for laminates, circuit boards, structural/aerospace materials, automotive components, etc. The invention offers significant advantages and benefits over existing methods and equipment and allows the impregnation process to be performed at lower cost and higher efficiency with increased environmental safety.

Abstract: In a coating method and apparatus for applying coating liquid onto a web, the coating apparatus includes a rotating member rotatable and contacting with the web; and a support member supporting rotatably the rotating member and including a liquid reservoir formed between the rotating member and the support member, a fluid supply pipe, a cavity filled with the coating liquid and connecting to the fluid supply pipe, and a slit communicating the cavity with the liquid reservoir. The rotating member is supported by a fluid pressure of the liquid reservoir and the coating liquid supplied from the liquid reservoir forms a bead of the coating liquid by the rotating member between the web and the rotating member. The rotating member is floated uniformly in the widthwise direction by the fluid pressure so as to keep a predetermined clearance away from the support member to provide a stable coating. The bead is made uniform in the widthwise direction under any conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for applying a fluid or pasty medium to a continuous material web, particularly one made of paper or cardboard, having at least one application unit (1) for the fluid or pasty medium, comprising a roll (2) assigned to the application unit (1) for receiving the fluid or pasty medium in the case of an indirect application or for supplying the web in the event of a direct application, further comprising an application blade (6), and a cleaning blade (7) arranged against the direction of rotation (P) of the roll (2) at a distance from the application blade (6), the cleaning blade (7) limiting by means of the application blade (6) an application chamber (5) for the fluid or pasty medium and having a blade element (12) extending across the width of the web and arranged within a blade base (13). The blade element (12) is movably arranged in a direction running essentially parallel to its longitudinal extension.

Abstract: This invention relates to coater blades which are employed in papermaking machines. Such structures of this type, generally, employ a continuous coater blade located across the width of the papermachine which provides a new section of blade at desired rates or intervals.

Abstract: An application unit for applying a liquid or pasty medium onto a surface moving past the application unit. This has particular application to direct or indirect application of such a medium to a paper or board web. A support beam and a front wall supported generally further from and a rear wall supported generally closer to the moving surface. The walls are spaced apart for defining a pasty medium supply gap between them and are oriented so that the supply gap generally directs the medium toward the surface. The front and rear walls can selectively receive releasable attachment of members for forming a liquid medium an application chamber, the chamber having a downstream end with a blade, an upstream end with a damming strip over which the excessive medium in the application chamber can overflow. Alternatively, a second set of attachable members may be attached to the walls for forming a free jet nozzle dosing gap that communicates with the supply gap for directing the medium to the surface.

Abstract: Apparatus for the application of at least one liquid medium onto a moving material web, in particular of paper or cardboard, including an application mechanism (3) for the liquid medium and a roller (2) associated with the application mechanism for receiving the liquid medium in the case of an indirect application or for guiding the material web in the case of direct application, the application mechanism (3) including a dosaging blade (4) and a damming strip (7) arranged at a distance from the dosaging blade as seen against the direction of rotation of the roller (2), the damming strip together with the dosaging blade defining an application chamber (6), a running-off surface (8) over which the excess liquid medium flows out of the application chamber (6) and over the damming strip (7), and wherein the dosaging blade (4) has a blade holder (5) with a base strip (5b) mounted in the application mechanism (3).

Abstract: A method of coating at least one liquid medium onto a moving material web, in particular of paper or cardboard, in which method the material web is led either in a first mode of operation along a first treatment path or, in a second mode of operation, along a second treatment path, the material web being led along the first treatment path through a roll gap formed by a primary roll and a secondary roll for indirect coating of the liquid medium via the shell surface of the primary roll, or along the second treatment path over a region of the shell surface of the primary roll remote from the roll gap for directly coating the liquid medium onto the material web in the mentioned region of the shell surface of the primary roll, wherein the primary roll is driven in the one rotational direction in the first mode of operation and in the other rotational direction in the second mode of operation, and the respective general run-in and run-out direction for the material webs is substantially the same in the region of t

Abstract: An apparatus for applying treating liquor to a traveling textile web having a vat containing treating liquor and a plurality of web guiding rolls submerged in the treating liquor and arranged in a substantially vertical sequence with adjacent rolls being in contact to form nips therebetween. The upper rolls are supported in the vat for resting under their own weight on the lower roll to apply pressure at the nips on the textile web. A drive motor drives at least one of the rolls with the other rolls being driven by surface contact with the drive roll for positive feed of the traveling web at a uniform surface speed through the treating liquor. Guide rolls guide the textile web to the vat at substantially the same surface speed as that of the plurality of rolls. A pair of driven squeeze rolls above the treating liquor form a nip through which the textile web is guided as it travels from the treating liquor, with squeeze rolls being driven at substantially the same surface speed as the guide rolls.

Abstract: A rigid metal housing is positioned downstream of a coating applicator. The housing supports a plurality of positionable contact elements formed of a low friction, high wear-resistant material, which extend inwardly from the housing to engage a slow speed rotating rod. At least one of the contact elements is adjustable to support the rod for stable rotation, and to retain an effective seal between the contact elements and the rod to thereby prevent leakage of clearing/lubricating fluid into the applied coating. The contact elements may be advanced inwardly as the elements and the rod wear, thereby extending the effective life of the rod holder apparatus. Screws may bear against a rear contact element through segmented backing plates allowing refinement of the coat weight along the width of the substrate. Furthermore, an air tube may be positioned between the housing and a rear fixture to adjust overall coating thickness.

Abstract: A coating bar for a bar coater, wherein the coating bar is supported substantially over its entire length revolving in a cradle fixed to the frame of the coater. The coating bar is profiled and surface-treated by boronizing so that a layer of iron boride is applied to the profiled surface of the coating bar.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating device for coating, e.g. a size-press roll, paper or board or of an equivalent moving base. The coating device comprises a revolving coating bar which rests against a moving base. The coating bar extends across the machine width and is supported in a cradle substantially over its entire length. The coating bar spreads and smoothes the coating agent onto the moving base which coating agent is introduced into the coating device in the running direction of the moving base before the coating bar. The coating bar in accordance with the invention is a smooth bar of large diameter arranged against the moving base so that the profile of coating quantity can be controlled.

Abstract: A spreading device for the coating of moving material webs, especially paper or cardboard includes a clamping mechanism adapted to alternatively hold a doctor rod support bed or a coating blade, a pressing tube for pressing a doctor rod mounted on the doctor rod support bed onto a counter roll or a material web guided by a counter roll, and a profile strip having a tip portion adapted to press against a coating blade, the profile strip movable in a direction transverse to the counter roll by a displacement device. A plane defined by a pressing force through a contact region of the pressing tube and the doctor rod support bed and a plane defined by a pressing force through a contact region of the profile strip and the coating blade are disposed transversely with respect to a length of the counter roll and are either parallel or disposed at an acute angle to one another.

Abstract: A doctor blade holding apparatus, preferably for coating devices, includes a clamping mechanism which holds, via a mounting plate, a doctor blade support which carries a doctor rod. The apparatus includes a pressing tube which presses against the doctor blade support and thus presses the doctor rod against a counter roll. A holding strip provided at a back side of the doctor blade support clamps the mounting plate to the doctor blade support. The holding strip is disposed laterally with respect to a mid-plane of the doctor blade support to provide a contact region between a back side of the doctor blade support and the pressing tube which is in substantially the same plane as the mounting plate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device in a size press in which a nip is formed by a pair of rolls. A paper or board web is passed through the nip. The rolls are provided with surface-sizing units for applying films of size or coating agent onto faces of the rolls. Each surface-sizing unit comprises an application zone defined by a coating member, a front edge of the application zone and a feed chamber. The coating agent, such as a size, is fed, through holes or corresponding nozzles that have been formed into a wall of a feed pipe, into the feed chamber under pressure out of the feed pipe which is arranged transverse to the machine direction. The coating agent is fed out of the feed chamber into the application zone through a throttle placed between the feed chamber and the application zone. The throttle comprises a perforated plate or equivalent which extends across the width of the machine and which is detachably fixed to the frame constructions of the surface-sizing unit by fastening members.

Abstract: A method and device for keeping a coating rod and a rod cradle in a bar coater clean and for preventing leakage of the lubrication and/or cooling water used in the bar coater is disclosed. The invention is intended for a bar coater in which the coating rod is, supported revolvingly in a rod cradle substantially over its entire length. The rod cradle is attached to the frame constructions of the coater. The rod cradle is also provided with at least one groove substantially parallel to the coating rod and open towards said coating rod, in which grooves(s) water is circulated to lubricate, cleanse and/or cool the coating rod and the rod cradle. The coating rod is loaded towards the base to be coated by loading the rod cradle.

Abstract: A device for applying a treatment liquid to a moving web of material such as a textile web includes a drum that is rotatable around a horizontal axis. At least one guide roller is provided for guiding the fabric web such that the web wraps at least partially around the drum beginning at a side of the drum at which the web is disposed tangentially thereto and continuing around a bottom portion of the drum. A trailing, continuous band is also provided which is closed in a liquid-tight manner and circulates in a plane that is perpendicular to the axis of the drum. The band has an outer circumferential surface that fits closely on the fabric web at a location in which the web contacts the drum. The circumferential surface of the band and drum define a nip therebetween. The band seals off the nip at its bottom. The band has web segments forming lateral sealing elements which extend from the edges of the band to project outwardly. The segments have a side abutting a contact surface formed at the rim of the drum.

Abstract: A slide-bead coating technique utilizes an inclined slide surface terminating at a coating lip. A continuous liquid layer is supplied to the slide surface from a supply source so as to form a liquid bridge between the coating lip and a substrate disposed adjacent the coating lip. The substrate is conveyed past the lip and continuously depletes liquid from the liquid bridge onto the substrate. The technique includes supplying an air flow that impinges upon an upper surface of the liquid layer opposite the slide surface between the liquid supply source and the coating lip.

Abstract: A dispenser has a tube and a tip portion having a flat passage communicated with the tube and an elongated opening at a lower end thereof. The flat passage has a constant sectional area over the entire axial length thereof, so that the solder flows in the passage at a constant rate.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of a coating bar for a bar coater, wherein the coating bar is supported substantially over its entire length revolving in a cradle fixed to the frame of the coater. The coating bar is profiled and surface-treated by boronizing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating device for coating, e.g. a size-press roll, paper or board or of an equivalent moving base. The coating device comprises a revolving coating bar which rests against a moving base. The coating bar extends across the machine width, and is supported in a cradle substantially over its entire length. The coating bar is fitted to spread and to smooth the coating agent onto the moving base which coating agent is introduced into the coating device in the direction of running of the moving base before the coating bar. The coating bar in accordance with the invention is a smooth bar of large diameter, which is fitted against the moving base so that the profile of coating quantity can be controlled.

Abstract: An apparatus and a process for printing, coating or dyeing of webs of material including an application element applying the substance to and magnetically pressed against the web or the stencil, the position of the element is manually set during experimental or short yardage production to the desired values and these values are maintained in the large-scale production, the application element is movably mounted on a support beam so that a distance and angular position with respect to the support beam are modified and controlled.

Abstract: A lubricator (28) is provided to lubricate tab stock (82) prior to forming the tab stock (82) into pull tabs. The lubricator (28) comprises felt pads (36-38) for removing contaminants from the tab stock (82) prior to lubrication thereof. A hydrostatic chamber (40) receives and disperses lube (42) from a source (44). As the tab stock (82) passes through the chamber (40) the lube (42) coats the tab stock (82). Subsequently, the tab stock (82) passes through wipers (50-52) and metering rollers (58-60) to remove all but a predetermined quantity of the lube (42). A collector (70) is provided to collect any excess lube (42) and return same to the source (44) through a return line (72) thus allowing recycling of the lube (42).

Abstract: A device for dosing coating substances onto a travelling web. A doctor roll has circumferential grooves which are separated from each other by lands. Each of the lands has a surface parallel to the center axis of the roll when viewed in the direction of the center axis. The respective widths of the lands, viewed in the center axis direction, maximally equal the maximum width of the cross section of the circumferential grooves.

Abstract: A doctor blade device has a magnetically-operated roller or a cylindrical rod enclosed in a sectional bar which does not influence the application process. The sectional bar surrounds this roller like a sleeve bearing and the sectional bar is pivotable around the axis of the application roller.

Abstract: A doctor for applying material, having a pressing part (doctor body) bending elasticly in the longitudinal direction and corresponding to the application width and a row of segments for pressing the pressing part, the segments (20) are connected in link-like manner by web or holding parts (203, 29, 39, 4, 40 to 48) to a unit-forming pressing device (2) pressing at least one pressing part (3, 30, 31, 32, 36), and the segments (20) being held independently to the pressing part (3, 30, 31, 32, 36).

Abstract: In an arrangement for the application of substances to a web of material (4), whereby a doctor blade (9, 13) is magnetically pressed against the material or a stencil (5) by means of a working magnet, and rests against a profiled ledge (6) in its operational position, it is proposed that in the profiled ledge (6) at least one restraining magnet (7) be provided, which keeps the doctor blade (9, 13) in rolling or sliding contact with the profiled ledge when the working magnet is switched off and raises it from the application surface (4, 5) or stencil.

Abstract: A doctor for the application of fluent material to a substrate (8), such as a material web has a pressing part (3) extending in the longitudinal direction of the application apparatus (application width), which comprises a working edge (30) passing over the application width (7), an actuator on the pressing part (3) along the working edge (30) and movable by means of a magnetic field, comprising at least one electromagnet and/or permament magnet (20), which together with the pressing part (3) forms a pressing unit (4).

Abstract: The invention concerns a device and method for limiting of the width of coating in coating of paper or board. The coating agent is spread onto a moving base to be coated by means of a coating device provided with a grooved coating bar. The coating agent is spread substantially only over the width of the web and any coating agent extending substantially beyond the web width is scraped off the base to be coated with the aid of smooth end areas fitted at both ends of the coating bar. The invention is also related to a device for carrying out the method.

Abstract: The coating device features a first applicator which, to begin with, forces coating substance applied on the shell of a web roll (1), in a press gap formed between said roll and a press roll (2), into the web (W), thereby impregnating it. This makes it possible to apply with maximum uniformity and without web breaks and wrinkles, immediately successively, a second coating layer during the still wet condition of the first layer where, naturally, again a web guide roll (3) is provided.

Abstract: A coating apparatus and a coating rod for use in a coating apparatus with which a very thin film coating can be formed with neither stripes nor repelling of the coating liquid and with an apparatus of reduced overall size. The coating rod is formed from a cylindrical base member, made of a material such as stainless steel, iron or brass, having a smooth surface with no wire wound thereon. In accordance with the invention, the surface of the rod is subjected to a nitrifying process.

Abstract: On a coating device, at the mouth originating from the chamber for the coating substance, there is provided, between said mouth and the backing roll or web, a cover body which on its surface near the mouth forms an outlet channel that extends away from the space through which at the doctor blade flows the coating substance. This outlet channel has a throttle effect. Additionally, the cover body forms relative to the doctor blade a second throttle channel which is located relatively close to the smoothing edge of the doctor blade. At the outlet of the second throttle channel, the cover body preferably extends into a point which is arranged relatively close to the backing roll or web. The outlet channel can suitably be formed between a base body and the cover body, with the base body ending at a distance from the doctor blade that is maximally 10 mm greater than the clearance of the second throttle channel.

Abstract: The doctor device has a profile member pivotally mounted to a retaining member that is carried on a mount. Vertical movement of the mount causes angular displacement of the profile member thereby changing the material applicaton area disposed adjacent and upstream of the doctor. The doctor is either a doctor blade or roll doctor. In the case of a roll doctor, a receptacle is formed in the profile member and the roll doctor is magnetically retained with the receptacle. During application of a material to an application surface with the roll doctor, the roll doctor is magnetically attracted to the application surface by a second magnetic device located beneath the application surface or work surface.

Abstract: A dynamic flood conveyor. The conveyor permits a chemical solution to be applied to the surface of a material such that the solution interacts with the material at a generally uniform rate at each point on the surface of the material. The apparatus promotes laminar flow of the channel solution over the surface of the material and uses segmented rollers to minimize the fluid loss from the flood conveyor.

Abstract: A squeegee device is used for applying materials of varying viscosities, such as coating substances, varnishes and adhesives to an application surface. The squeegee is pressed onto the application surface by a magnetic force. A profile member houses the squeegee and is pivotably supported by a bearing. The bearing allows the squeegee and profile member to be tiltable along an axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the squeegee or profile member in order to insure a tilting-free and bending-free adjustment of the squeegee on the application surface.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method is shown for continuously, in an on-line production, applying a layer of coating material to the horizontal upper surface of a fiber glass blanket and the opposed vertical edge surfaces in a generally even layer and curing the applied material to form surface and edge coated fiber glass duct liner material.

Abstract: The coating device features a first applicator which, to begin with, forces coating substance applied on the shell of a web roll (1), in a press gap formed between said roll and a press roll (2), into the web (W), thereby impregnating it. This makes it possible to apply with maximum uniformity and without web breaks and wrinkles, immediately successively, a second coating layer during the still wet condition of the first layer where, naturally, again a web guide roll (3) is provided.

Abstract: A flexible laminate, such as backed tufted carpeting, is formed by bonding a fabric or polymeric backing layer to a pre-coated textile substrate. The substrate is pre-coated by advancing it past a perforated hollow transfer roller (3) containing an internal doctor member (4). Fluent settable coating material is fed to the substrate (1) so that it forms a well (6) between the substrate (1) and the doctor member (4) through the perforations of the roller (3). Coating material is deposited on the fabric (1) and is then set, for example by passing through an oven, to form the pre-coat. The spacing of the roller (3) and the substrate (1) and the pressure of the doctor member (4) on the perforated wall of the roller (3) are adjusted so that a pre-coat of desired thickness or density is obtained.

Abstract: In a device for coating a web of material that travels around a backing roller, the device having a coating chamber that opens toward the backing roller, that extends over the operating width, that has a slot demarcated at the web-intake end by an overflow plate for supplying liquid coating, and having a flow-control system at the downstream end, the improvement which comprises structures defining a coating-guide channelthat extends over the operating width at the outlet end of the coating chamber and terminates just upstream of the flow-control system,that is demarcated at one end by the backing roller and at the other by a baffle that essentially parallels the surface of the backing roller,that extends along the direction of travel at least 50% of the length of the overflow plate plus the flow-control system,that is open along its width perpendicular to the axis of the backing roller from 1.5 to 15% and preferably from 2.5 to 5% of its length, andthat terminates just upstream of the flow-control system.

Abstract: In a device for the application of flowable substances (6) on a laminar substrate by means of a magnetically pressed applicator roller (4), the device generating the magnetic contact force (1, 14) and also the applicator roller (4) are arranged at an angle, deviating from the vertical direction and a device (5) for the feeding of the substance (6) to be applied is assigned to the applicator roller (4).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for two-sided coating of a moving web, e.g. a paper web, and smoothing said coating. The direction of movement of the web (4) is substantially upwards. The web is fed through a coating chamber (3) and the coating is immediately smoothed in the top part of the chamber. The top of the chamber is formed by a flexible blade (5) and a rod (6) mounted rotatably on bearings, the blade and the rod forming a nip (7) where the coating is smoothed while the web passes through it. The nip is mounted at a short distance from the coating channel outlets (2).

Abstract: At the outflow-side end of a pre-dosing device, which comprises an applicator chamber formed at the product web in the region where the latter is guided by a counter-cylinder, a rolling doctor rod, wire wrapped or provided with circumferential grooves, is provided as a pre-dosing element, whereby high excess amounts of coating compound can be applied on the product web.

Abstract: A coating apparatus is disclosed for applying a coating material to the surface of a paper web. The coating apparatus includes a backing roll and an applicator roll which cooperates with the backing roll for defining therebetween a gap for the passage therethrough of the web. The backing roll and applicator roll counter-rotate at given speeds and a nip roll movably cooperates with the backing roll for defining therebetween a nip section. The nip section is disposed downstream relative to the gap such that the web extends progressively through the gap and through the nip section so that the coating material is applied to the surface of the web during passage of the web through the gap and nip section.