Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing animal waste malodor using agents and cross-adapting agents are described.

Abstract: Odor-inhibiting materials comprising litter containing an odor-inhibiting quantity of western juniper. The litter materials of the present invention are advantageous in that they can be used as animal bedding and the like to mask or prevent the formation of undesirable odors in animal laboratories, pet shops, litter boxes, kennels and the like.

Abstract: A cellulose ether having a viscosity of at least 80,000 mPa·s, as measured in a 2 wt % aqueous solution thereof at 20° C. by Ubbelohde's viscometer No. 5 according to JIS K2283-1993 is useful as a binder in the preparation of pet waste-absorbing granular material. The pet waste-absorbing granules effectively gather into clumps upon contact with pet urine, are economical because of a reduced weight per urination of granules gathered into clumps to be removed, and are combustible or disposable by flushing in the toilet.

Abstract: Litter for animals is provided that is comprised primarily of defibrated straw material that has been compressed or compacted into pellet or briquettes.

Abstract: An animal excretions-treating material includes particles, and each particle is composed of a core layer of fibers and a skin layer to cover the core layer. The skin layer contains &agr;-starch and fibers.

Abstract: An absorbent material for house pet animals, includes pulp fibers containing a natural or synthetic polymer and formed in a granular shape; and a solution of an amphoteric polymer having an acidic pH. The solution is added to the pulp fibers.

Abstract: Particulate absorbent materials having a size and bulk density range that is conducive to provide a litter for animals that do not bury their eliminations. Where the granular material is sufficiently large and dense to not be discharged from a bin containing the granular material. Each granule has a smooth exterior that will not hang on to the hair or hide of the animal discharging their eliminations. Further, the granules are of sufficient size and weight to not get stuck in the footing of the animal. The preferred characteristics of the material is having a width of 6mm-12mm and having an aspect ratio substantially between 1-1 and 1-6 where the granular substance has a bulk density greater than 12 pounds per cubic foot.

Abstract: An animal litter that includes seed meal is disclosed. In accordance with the invention, the animal litter comprises discrete plural particles of a seed meal, which particles tend to agglomerate into clumps when wetted. The litter of the invention absorbs liquids such as animal excretions, and substantially reduces the odor thereof. Preferably, the litter further includes a grain germ, such as corn germ.

Abstract: An animal litter comprised of a liquid absorbent aggregate impregnated with a litmus agent for indicating a urinary tract infection in cats.

Abstract: A poultry rearing barn having its floor covered by bedding including a plurality of lightweight expanded polystyrene chips. After use, the dirty chips may be cleaned to remove waste manure and the cleaned chips may be reused again as bedding. Alternatively, the dirty chips and waste manure may be burned to generate electricity.

Abstract: Animal care systems desirably include animal litter with reduced malodor impression comprising solid moisture-absorbing material and effective amounts of both odor absorbing material, preferably, cyclodextrin, or derivative thereof, and material for reducing the formation of malodor, e.g., antibacterial and/or urease inhibitor, preferably water-soluble metallic salt such as zinc salt. Behavior control products are also provided including animal repellent and attractant products, preferably in spray containers, and freshening and cleaning products, also especially in spray containers, and, preferably, in association with instructions for using the products to carry out a method of animal control in which the animal litter is refreshed as needed, and areas are treated with repellent and attractant products to influence the animals to avoid certain areas and frequent other areas, and products for cleaning areas where accidents occur and discouraging the animal from returning to those areas.

Abstract: Methods are provided for preparing absorbent material, comprising providing non-broken down and uncut recycled fiber sludge having a moisture content of greater than about 40%; pelletizing said recycled fiber sludge to form wet pellets; and drying said wet pellets. The absorbent material is particularly useful as an industrial-grade waste liquid absorbent and/or an animal litter.

Abstract: This invention relates to an odor control liquid and aerosolized composition for deodorizing and controlling odor of animal wastes by contact therewith, comprising a non-aqueous volatile carrier and an odor control agent. The liquid and aerosolized composition can be applied in liquid form directly to the animal litter and/or the animal container and/or the animal waste. A related object of this invention is to provide a method for preventing sticking and contamination on the surfaces of a litter container, comprising applying to the container an effective amount of a powdered release agent or powdered odor control agent in a non-aqueous volatile carrier.

Abstract: A sheet for pet excretion including a liquid permeable front face sheet, a liquid impermeable rear face sheet and an absorbent body interposed between the front face sheet and the rear face sheet. A liquid absorbent region where the absorbent body exists has a colored portion positioned at the center thereof and a non-colored portion adjoining the colored portion so as to enclose a whole periphery of the colored portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cat litter formed from an amount of starch material and, optionally, a filler material, whereby the cat litter contains an amount of gelatinized starch equal to at least 30% by weight of each cat litter particle, and has a bulk density ranging between about 250 kg/m3 and about 300 kgm/m3, and an absorption capacity ranging between about 100% and about 140%. This invention also relates to a method of forming the cat litter, with it preferred that the cat litter be formed from a corn flour byproduct and a wheat middling byproduct.

Abstract: A grain-based animal litter comprising discrete plural particles of a grain-based substrate, which particles tend to agglomerate into clumps when wetted. The litter of the invention absorbs liquids such as animal excretions, and substantially reduces the odor thereof. Preferably, the-substrate is a grain germ; more preferably, the substrate is a corn germ; most preferably, the substrate is washed, spent grain germ. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the grain germ is provided in the form of discrete plural granules, each of which granules includes a cohesiveness agent in an amount sufficient to enhance the cohesiveness of the granule.

Abstract: There is provided an animal litter composition of agglomerated or compacted calcined calcium sulfate absorbent. The animal litter is screened to a particle size between 6 mesh and about 100 mesh. In another aspect of the invention, an effective amount of a binder such as a clay, lignin or starch is added to the calcium sulfate to assist the calcium sulfate to pelletize. The pelletized calcium sulfate is sized and calcined. The litter compositions are effective in absorbing urine, clumping and are easily disposed of. There is also disclosed processes for making the animal litter compositions.

Abstract: An animal litter comprised of a liquid absorbent aggregate impregnated with a litmus agent for indicating a urinary tract infection in cats.

Abstract: A grain-based animal litter is disclosed. In accordance with the invention, the animal litter comprises discrete plural particles of a grain-based substrate, which particles tend to agglomerate into clumps when wetted. The litter of the invention absorbs liquids such as animal excretions, and substantially reduces the odor thereof. Preferably, the substrate is a grain germ; more preferably, the substrate is a corn germ; most preferably, the substrate is washed, spent grain germ. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the grain germ is provided in the form of discrete plural granules, each of which granules includes a cohesiveness agent in an amount sufficient to enhance the cohesiveness of the granule.

Abstract: A new washable/reusable animal bedding element for laying on the floor of a stable for providing a comfortable and hygienic bedding for an animal. The inventive device includes a core having an outer surface and a pair of opposite ends. An outer sheath is disposed around the outer surface of the core between the ends of the core.

Abstract: A biodegradable, clumpable cat litter made from corncob and biomass components. The animal litter is a mixture of heavy density particles and light density particles. The heavy density particles are formed of corncob grit and the light density particles are formed of sized pellets of light weight corncob components. Heavy density and light density particles are coated with mineral oil to which is adhered guar gum. The heavy density particles compose 30%-70% of the mixture and the remainder is composed of light density particles.

Abstract: There is provided an animal litter composition of agglomerated or compacted calcined calcium sulfate absorbent. The animal litter is screened to a particle size between 6 mesh and about 100 mesh. In another aspect of the invention, an effective amount of a binder such as a clay, lignin or starch is added to the calcium sulfate to assist the calcium sulfate to pelletize. The pelletized calcium sulfate is sized and calcined. The litter compositions are effective in absorbing urine, clumping and are easily disposed of. There is also disclosed processes for making the animal litter compositions.

Abstract: A dry composition containing large numbers of beneficial bacteria and enzymes for the digestion of poultry manure is used to treat poultry litter. The growth of the beneficial bacteria, activated by moisture in poultry droppings prevents the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli, Salmonella and Campylobacter by competitive exclusion.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method for sorbing aqueous fluids through the use of a biodegradable, clumping, low odor, low attrition, low swelling ground grain litter. The ground grain litter is composed of a ground grain selected such that when the ground grain is wetted it tends to swell in volume less than 100%. In preferred embodiment, the ground grain litter comprises ground hard red spring wheat used to sorb pet urine and fecal liquids voided by a pet into the litter.

Abstract: An animal litter comprised of a liquid absorbent aggregate impregnated with a litmus agent for indicating a urinary tract infection in felines.

Abstract: A commercially useful material is produced from waste gypsum boards containing calcium sulfate dihydrate, by a method comprising the steps of (a) grinding the waste gypsum boards to obtain particles having a substantially uniform size; (b) drying the particles obtained in step (a) to obtain moisture-free particles; (c) heating the moisture-free particles obtained in step (b) at a temperature of 128 to 162.degree. C. to convert the calcium sulfate dihydrate to calcium sulfate hemihydrate; (d) adding water to the particles obtained in step (c) to form a paste; (e) forming the paste obtained in step (d) into a shaped product of a predetermined size; and (f) drying the shaped product obtained in step (e) at a temperature of 105 to 120.degree. C. to obtain a commercially useful material. The materials produced by the method of the invention can be used for a variety of industrial and household purposes.

Abstract: A discharged urine or other waste fluids processing material for pet animals composed of fluid absorbent coarse particles which are subjected to compression molding without the addition of water so as to have a prescribed pellet configuration.

Abstract: An improved system for preparation and utilization of a litter box for use by small domestic animals which utilizes a litter material of macroporous silica gel in granular form, with the particle size ranging from between about 1 millimeter to about 10 millimeters, and with a moisture content below about 15%. Advantageously, the receptacle for retaining the litter is treated with a thin film of disinfectant prior to introduction of litter material.

Abstract: The cat litter assembly includes a single cat box with a plurality of layers of a mixture interspersed by layers of sheets of common newsprint. The main bulk of the mixture is composed of non-toxic biodegradable loose fill polymer material such as ENVIROFILL.RTM., a biodegradable polymer product of the Enpac Company of Wilmington, Del. This is a starch based material that uses water as a blowing agent; it is commonly used as a packaging material and may be disposed by rinsing down the sink as it dissolves in water. Also in the mixture is a small amount of talc, a powdered deodorant, preferably baking soda based, and filtered sand.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to wood-derived products and more particularly to products derived from treated wood and their use such as in bedding material for animals in various industrial, domestic and research applications.

Abstract: A method for treating poultry litter which inhibits ammonia volatilization and reduces soluble phophorus levels in the litter. The method comprises the addition of alum to litter in an amount sufficient to maintain the litter pH at values low enough to inhibit ammonia volatilization. The addition of alum, iron or calcium compounds to litter also effectively precipitates soluble phosphorus in litter, thereby reducing the amount of soluble phosphorus runoff from fields receiving litter.

Abstract: The present invention is a biological waste treatment product that utilizes the activity of scientifically selected bacteria to control the decomposition of poultry litter thereby improving litter quality. The end result is improved health and performance of the birds while also reducing the incidence of foot scabs and other lesions caused by poor litter conditions. Application of the unique combination of bacteria of the present invention results in several biochemical effects proving to be beneficial to the quality of the litter and thus the health and performance of the birds. Specially, bacteria of the present invention produce broad spectrum antimicrobial proteins active against gram (-) bacteria. The reduction of gram (-) bacteria reduces the level of microbial pathogens in the litter as well as reduces the population of gram (-) bacteria that break down uric acid into ammonia.

Abstract: A method for processing yellow pine wood products into pellets for use as animal litter. The process includes the steps of collecting and drying yellow pine material and drying the wood material into a grist. The grist is moisturized by exposure to steam before placement into a pellet forming device that applies heat and pressure to the grist. The formed pellets are deposited into bags and sealed for shipment. The pellets are used as animal litter that is highly absorbent, biodegradable, odor controlling, dustless, and will remain smooth and non-fur-engaging through continued handling.

Abstract: Short term control of ammonia volatilization from animal manures is provided by surface treatment with aluminum sulfate. The aluminum sulfate may be applied to manure or manure receiving surfaces in an animal rearing facility in solid or liquid form. The control of atmospheric ammonia levels in animal rearing facilities to preferably less than about 25 ppm ammonia can be achieved by surface treatment employing amounts of alum as low as 0.5% by weight alum based on manure present.

Abstract: An absorbent material suitable for animal litter includes a mixture of (a) from about 10% to about 65% by weight pine wood; (b) from about 5% to about 60% by weight alfalfa; and/ (c) from about 15% to about 75% by weight poplar wood, preferably aspen.

Abstract: The instant invention generally relates to absorbents containing effective odor absorbing amounts of activated carbon. The activated carbon-containing absorbents may also be formed in conjunction with a wide variety of adsorbent materials including bentonite, opaline silica and the like and are suitable for use as absorbents in a wide variety of absorbent application and are particularly well suited for use as animal litters. Such absorbent may also contain fluoropolymer dedusting agents and bactericides to form unique absorbent compositions with diverse properties and uses.

Abstract: A cat litter which comprises a plurality of lightweight, resilient paper strips treated with a pH-indicator and/or an occult blood indicator and folded transversely into generally zig-zag shapes, enables early detection of feline urological syndrome. When wetted with alkaline urine secreted by the cat, the paper strips treated with pH indicator exhibit a noticeable color change. When wetted with cat urine containing occult or gross blood, the paper strips treated with occult blood indicator exhibit a noticeable color change. A mixture of pH indicator treated strips and occult blood indicator strips in the cat litter enables the detection of both alkaline pH and occult blood in the same urine sample. The color changes are easily visible to the observer without requiring unsanitary contact with the cat litter.

Abstract: An animal excreta disposing material exhibiting a low calorific value can be produced by the use of a waste plastic exhibiting a high calorific value. An animal excrete disposing granular material exhibiting a low calorific value, produced by mixing one or more waste plastics with an inorganic material and granulating the obtained mixture; and a process for the production of the material. The further addition of an organic material exhibiting a calorific value of 3000 kcal/kg can give an inexpensive animal excreta disposing material exhibiting a low calorific value.

Abstract: Since the present invention is composed of required component capable of changing in color with which a daily product and so on are impregnated, painted or printed, such daily product is convenient in daily life by indicating a contact between the required component and urine and so on.

Abstract: The compound, in use, is sprinkled over the excrement for treatment to neutralize and eliminate the odour, spores, fungi, bacteria and microorganisms therein, and presents a first subcompound in powder comprising a mixture of diatoms (often referred to as infusorial earth), a calcium-based substance and a sulphur-based substance.

Abstract: An animal litter, particularly for cats, in which a gelatin solution is sprayed onto the granules and a dry adhesive is sprayed through the gelatin spray onto the granules. The gelatin solution provides enough dampening to adhere the adhesive particles to the clay particles, but because the gelatin sets quickly, it does not provide so much wetting as to activate the adhesive. Therefore the adhesive retains its adhesive properties and, together with the gelatin, causes the litter to clump when wetted by an animal.

Abstract: The instant invention generally relates to absorbents formed from compacting bentonite-containing materials containing an effective amount of the bentonite particles of a size under 100 U.S. mesh.

Abstract: The invention relates to a treating material for animal excretions comprising agglomerates of a powdery or short-fiber-like excretion treating base material and fine powder of water-absorbent resin sprinkled on the agglomerates, and also to a method of producing a treating material for animal excretions which comprises forming agglomerates from a powdery or short-fiber-like excretion base treating material using water and then, sprinkling fine powder of a water-absorbent resin on the agglomerates. The treating material for animal excretions according to the invention can quickly absorb moisture, and its surface is brought to a half dry condition soon after it absorbs urine. Thus, it is possible to prevent urine from being attached to the pet's fur and paw, and contaminating the room or the like. Further, by absorbing urine, the treating material becomes a rubber-like mass. Thus, only its portion having absorbed urine can be easily taken out and disposed.

Abstract: Animal litter, especially, consisting of or containing a proportion of particles comprising at least one moisture-absorbent organic material and at least one flaked mineral material, and process for producing a special embodiment of this animal litter.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method for sorbing aqueous fluids through the use of a biodegradable, clumping, low odor, low attrition, low swelling ground grain litter. The ground grain litter is composed of a ground grain selected such that when the ground grain is wetted it tends to swell in volume less than 50-100%. In a preferred embodiment, the ground grain litter comprises ground hard red spring wheat used to sorb pet urine and fecal liquids voided by a pet into the litter.

Abstract: An insect repellent-containing clay litter material capable of retaining the insect repellent until wetted and then releasing the insect repellent to nearby animals, e.g., cats urinating into the litter material. The insect repellent is impregnated into particles of the clay litter material, and the particles then are coated with a film of water-soluble polymer. When the insect repellent-containing clay is wetted on its polymer coated surface with liquid animal dross, particularly animal urine, such as cat urine, the polymer film is solubilized to permit escape of the insect repellent from the clay particles and the insect repellent is volatilized. Optionally, fragrance impregnated into the litter material together with the insect repellent, continues to provide a fresh smell to the litter material, while the volatile insect repellent, continues to repel invading insects, particularly if the litter box is maintained outdoors.

Abstract: An animal control litter comprised of an expanded light weight aggregate, a clumping agent, a surfactant and an odor control agent.

Abstract: The instant invention generally relates to absorbents formed from compacting bentonite-containing materials containing an effective amount of the bentonite particles of a size under 100 U.S. mesh. The absorbent is compacted under effective compacting pressures to form a bentonite material suitable for use as an absorbent and is characterized as having lower costs, increased absorbency over similarly sized and compositionally similar non-compacted bentonite-containing materials and/or improved clump strength when used as an absorbent.

Abstract: Foamable magnesite cement, comprising a cement selected from magnesium oxychloride and magnesium oxysulphate cement, or a mixture thereof, together with one or more organic carboxylic acid(s) having a foaming coefficient lower than 1.80, and/or their anhydride(s) and/or their salt(s).

Abstract: A deodorizing material for breeding or keeping animals and a process for producing the same are described. The material comprises a formed article of a pulp and/or polyolefin base material, wherein said formed article has a cation exchange group. The material is produced by graft polymerization of a reactive monomer having a cation exchange group to a formed article of a pulp and/or polyolefin base material. The material efficiently adsorbs bad smells of animals' excretions through chemical bonding.