Abstract: A process for producing an animal excretion treating article by classifying a pulverized paper diaper having a particle size of 4 mm or less to separate a paper powder and a highly water-absorptive resin from a plastic material. The plastic material from which the separation of the paper powder and the highly water-absorptive resin have been separated, is pulverized into a particle size of 4 mm or less and extruded and granulated to form a granulate having a grain size of 6 mm or more. The granulate is covered with a paper powder/water-absorptive resin mixture powder resulting from the pulverization of the separated paper powder and water-absorptive resin into a particle size of 1 mm or less. All of the starting materials can be obtained from a paper diaper waste powder, and thus, it is possible to provide, at an inexpensive cost, a granular animal excretion treating article capable of being incinerated even after being used, and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: A method of producing cat litter is disclosed including the steps of shredding sheets of paper to generate strips, filling a water permeable bag with the strips, saturating the bag and strips therein with water while simultaneously decomposing the strips by way of agitation, and drying the bag with the strips therein for a predetermined amount of time until the strips are dry.

Abstract: A paper based particulate absorbent material and method of manufacture using shredded paper along with water and a binder mixture. In the first step of the process the waste paper is subjected to a size reduction treatment. In the second step, the paper is mixed with water and optionally a binder. The material exits the mixing apparatus which can be fully dried to produce a particulate absorbent material. This material can be used for litter material, box packing material, caulking filler and floor sweep. The product can be made to be similar in appearance to commercially available litter materials but is lighter, dust-free, biodegradable and extremely absorbent. The packing material can be made to bend but not crease. Further, the product is extremely economical since it is made out of waste paper.

Abstract: Granular absorbent products with low amounts of paper fiber are described. The absorbent products are made from recycled paper and include less than about 10% of paper fibers having a length sufficient to be retained on a 100 mesh screen. A process for making such granular absorbent products is also provided. The granular absorbents are highly absorbent for water and oil even though they include only low amounts of paper fiber.

Abstract: Since the present invention is composed of required component capable of changing in color with which a daily product and so on are impregnated, painted or printed, such daily product is convenient in daily life by indicating a contact between the required component and urine and so on.

Abstract: A process is disclosed which utilizes the "non-papermaking" portion of waste paper to produce a highly absorbent, essentially fiber-free granule which can be used, for example, as an agricultural chemical carrier. The process maximizes the amount of long (papermaking) fiber sent to the paper machine. The waste paper is broken up in a hydropulper, and the pulp stock is screened so that papermaking fibers are retained and sent forward to the papermaking process, and the solid material in the reject stream, such as kaolin clay and inorganic materials pass through a flotation clarifier to separate the solids. The slurry is then dewatered by means of a belt press to form a filter cake. The filter cake then enters a pin mixer where it is broken up into individual granules. The granules are then dried to a solids content of greater than 95%.

Abstract: A cat litter which comprises a plurality of lightweight, resilient paper strips treated with a pH-indicator and/or an occult blood indicator and folded transversely into generally zig-zag shapes, enables early detection of feline urological syndrome. When wetted with alkaline urine secreted by the cat, the paper strips treated with pH indicator exhibit a noticeable color change. When wetted with cat urine containing occult or gross blood, the paper strips treated with occult blood indicator exhibit a noticeable color change. A mixture of pH indicator treated strips and occult blood indicator strips in the cat litter enables the detection of both alkaline pH and occult blood in the same urine sample. The color changes are easily visible to the observer without requiring unsanitary contact with the cat litter.

Abstract: The instant invention generally relates to absorbents formed from compacting bentonite-containing materials containing an effective amount of the bentonite particles of a size under 100 U.S. mesh.

Abstract: An improved granule product derived from pulp or paper sludge or other fibrous plant materials prepared by adjusting the moisture content of raw pulp or paper sludge, reducing the fiber size of the sludge, agitating the sludge to cause cellulosic fibers to interlock and bond to form granules, tumbling the granules in a rolling device and then drying the granules.

Abstract: The invention relates to a treating material for animal excretions comprising agglomerates of a powdery or short-fiber-like excretion treating base material and fine powder of water-absorbent resin sprinkled on the agglomerates, and also to a method of producing a treating material for animal excretions which comprises forming agglomerates from a powdery or short-fiber-like excretion base treating material using water and then, sprinkling fine powder of a water-absorbent resin on the agglomerates. The treating material for animal excretions according to the invention can quickly absorb moisture, and its surface is brought to a half dry condition soon after it absorbs urine. Thus, it is possible to prevent urine from being attached to the pet's fur and paw, and contaminating the room or the like. Further, by absorbing urine, the treating material becomes a rubber-like mass. Thus, only its portion having absorbed urine can be easily taken out and disposed.

Abstract: A disposable cat litter box includes a container and a fresh litter enclosed within the container. The container is convertible between a closed condition in which it forms a closed receptacle and an open condition in which it forms an open receptacle. The fresh litter comprises a plurality of transversely folded paper strips which exhibit a noticeable color change when wetted with cat urine having a predetermined characteristic of feline disease.

Abstract: There is disclosed an excrement treatment for small animals made up of small pieces containing bentonite and, if desired, wood powder or paper powder being formed in a shape of thin flat plates or waved plates, wherein the thickness of the small pieces of the excrement treatment is from 0.1 to 2 mm, and the average aspect ratio of the treatment is from 3 to 50; and a method of manufacturing the treatment. According to the treatment, making an excrement-incorporated mass small and solid, enabling a small amount of the litter to be discarded, and permitting the toilet for small animals to be made compact, can be done.

Abstract: A process for producing sorbents based on smectites for absorbing liquids is described. This process is characterized in thata) a smectite with a water content of less than 6% by weight;b) a wet mass of fibrous cellulose and inorganic pigments which forms in the treatment of waste water from paper manufacture; andc) anhydrous calcium sulfate (anhydrite) or calcium sulfate hemihydrateare mixed with one another, compressed and crushed. The quantitative ratio between the smectite (a), the wet mass (b) and calcium sulfate (c) are selected such that the water content (free water) of the granular material is less than 20% by weight.

Abstract: The instant invention generally relates to absorbents formed from compacting bentonite-containing materials containing an effective amount of the bentonite particles of a size under 100 U.S. mesh. The absorbent is compacted under effective compacting pressures to form a bentonite material suitable for use as an absorbent and is characterized as having lower costs, increased absorbency over similarly sized and compositionally similar non-compacted bentonite-containing materials and/or improved clump strength when used as an absorbent.

Abstract: A disposable pet toilet assembly comprising an absorbent material which is deployed in a plurality of strips which are bundled together and caused to stand upright and arrayed to touch each other discontinuously so as to develop friction and therefore provide a soft resilient grasslike texture attractive to animals. In its preferred embodiment, the strips are further attached to an absorbent base sheet and a liquid impermeable membrane liner which prevents soiling and provides a wrapping for the absorbent material for easy disposal. The assembly is designed to be used with a conventional kitty litter box or by itself as a portable and disposable toilet assembly for travelling with a pet.

Abstract: A method for conditioning sludge is disclosed which includes adding a treatment material to the sludge, the treatment material including pieces of cellulose with a hydrophobic agent applied thereto. A method for conditioning sludge is disclosed which includes adding a treatment material to the sludge, and the treatment material including pieces of cellulose with wax applied thereto, the pieces of cellulose ranging in size between one-eighth inch and seven-sixteenths inch in a largest dimension and having about 0.5% to about 3% wax by weight, and at least ninety percent of surface area of the pieces of cellulose covered with wax.

Abstract: Since the present invention is composed of required component capable of changing in color with which a daily product and so on are impregnated, painted or printed, such daily product is convenient in daily life by indicating a contact between the required component and urine and so on.

Abstract: Granular absorbent material for a pet animal, each grain thereof comprising a core formed from absorbent material, a liquid-impermeable partition sheet parting the core into upper and lower halves and a liquid-permeable sheet covering the core.

Abstract: An animal excrement treatment material comprising granulated materials mainly containing residues after extract liquid has been extracted from roasted coffee beans, wherein the granulated materials are formed into grains having a grain diameter of 0.1 mm or greater, and wherein at least the surface of the granulated materials are pigmented by pigmenting substances so that the granulated materials are pigmented in a color other than the original color of the residues from extracted coffee beans. This animal excrement treatment material has good absorbency and water retention of urine discharged from animals and makes it possible to mass excrements by wrapping the same so as to facilitate removal or burning of the excrements.

Abstract: The invention provides a vehicle for colorimetric assay which expands upon contact with biological fluids. This expansion allows easy visualization of color changes associated with colorimetric assays, particularly when the vehicle is distributed as particles within animal litters.

Abstract: Methods are described for treating sludge, e.g. biological and/or chemical sludge, with processed cellulose material combined with another material, e.g. a surface active agent, a detergent, a surfactant, a polymer and/or an organic polymer.Cellulose flakes and methods for making them are disclosed; in one aspect the flakes are useful as animal litter or bedding; in one aspect such used flakes are re-pelletized for use as litter, food or fertilizer. Methods for absorbing, removing, and for cleaning up a first liquid floating on or in a second liquid are disclosed, the method employing absorbent pellets which, in preferred embodiments, have a particular size, density, and configuration. A pellet and a method for making the pellet are disclosed for cleaning up a first liquid floating on or in a second liquid; and a method for making pellets for absorbing a combustible material to produce fuel pellets. A method for producing fuel pellets is disclosed.

Abstract: Degradable particulate absorbent materials and processes for manufacture, wherein the absorbent materials have: i) in most forms of the invention, on the order of not more than 10% by weight inorganic solids or "fillers" and in all cases less than 30% inorganic solids by weight; ii) an open, porous, shot-like fiber structure with low bulk density on the order of not more than 30 lbs./ft..sup.3 and, preferably, in the range of 15 to 18 lbs./ft..sup.3.

Abstract: There is disclosed a solid particulate deodorizing additive composition for a water-absorbent animal litter comprising sodium bicarbonate (SBC) or potassium bicarbonate (KBC), the particles of which are substantially coated with a mineral oil, mixed with a powdered siliceous material, e.g., expanded perlite, having a bulk density significantly lower than the density of SBC or KBC, the coated particles of SBC or KBC being stably adhered to and agglomerated with the particles of the siliceous material.

Abstract: An animal bedding product is made from waste cardboard and wood pallets by shredding selected amounts of cardboard and wood pallets to provide a blended mixture of wood chips and cardboard pieces ranging in size from approximately 3/16 or 1/2 inch to about 11/2 inches in length.

Abstract: Peanut hulls are processed into dust free granules suitable for use as chemical carriers and moisture absorbent materials, including cat litter, by being pulverized to a powder. Deodorizer, scent and mold inhibitor powders are added to the peanut hulls powder. The powders are compacted into compacted masses which are then crumbled into granules. The powder is then compacted into compact masses that are divided into granules and screened.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method for the manufacture of animal litter using filler materials and additional materials that react with liquid. These filler materials are obtained from a fraction of domestic, industrial and other similar waste and/or paper slurry. The fraction obtained from the waste is pulverized and mixed with the additional materials, the mixture is adjusted to a specific moisture content, subsequently granulated, and the resulting granules with a predetermined particle size are separated.The animal litter manufactured according to the invention ensures a high degree of odor retention, has high absorbing power and a low apparent density.

Abstract: Described herein is a method of producing nodules from paper pulp. The method includes partially dewatering the paper pulp and tumbling the partially dewatered pulp in an externally heated enclosure until the nodules are formed. Additives may be added to the pulp prior to tumbling.

Abstract: Cellulose flakes and methods for making them; in one aspect the flakes useful as animal litter or bedding; in another aspect such used flakes repelletized for use as litter, food or fertilizer; and in another aspect the flakes or re-pellets having desirable additives added to them.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of increasing the sorption capacity of smectite clays which exhibit osmotic swelling such as montmorillonite clays having predominately sodium as the exchangeable cation. The invention further provides a clumping cat litter having excellent cohesiveness comprising certain mixtures of a clay which exhibits osmotic swelling, a cellulosic material, and optionally a density controlling material, the clay, the cellulose material, and the density controlling material having certain particle size distributions, and the cat litter having a bulk density in the range from about 0.54 to about 0.96 g/cc and a sorption capacity greater than about 1.0 cc/g, wherein the concentration of the smectite clay is such that upon wetting the litter the cohesiveness of the lump of wetted litter is sufficient to allow its removal from a litter box, and wherein the concentration of the smectite clay is insufficient to prevent the lump of wetted litter from disintegrating in water over time.

Abstract: A litter composition including a particulate liquid absorbent material and a particulate polymer having a hydroxyl group content sufficient to enable the litter composition to agglomerate into a mass upon contact with liquid waste to facilitate removal of the liquid waste from a container containing the litter composition. The litter composition further includes a boron compound to accelerate hardening of the mass.

Abstract: A particulate material having liquid-responsive, adhesive material mixed with sorbent material in particulate form to be wet. After being wet, the adhesive material dries and causes particles that have been wet to adhere together in clumps that can easily be separated from the particles that have not been wet.

Abstract: A particulate absorbent material is constituted by discrete clay granules and paper granules, and usually exhibits a bulk density of about 10 lbs/ft.sup.3 to about 30 lbs/ft.sup.3. The weight ratio of paper granules-to-clay granules is about 0.09 to about 9. The particle size distribution for the clay granules is relatively wider than for the paper granules.

Abstract: An animal bedding product is made from waste cardboard and wood pallets by shredding selected amounts of cardboard and wood pallets to provide a blended mixture of wood chips and cardboard pieces ranging from approximately 1/2 inch to 11/2 inches in size.

Abstract: A method of making an absorbent granulate of paper, with or without additives, includes mechanically comminuting paper into irregular and/or strip-shaped fragments, crumpling and interlacing the fragments with attendant development of internal spaces (cavities) in the interlaced and crumpled fragments, rough pressing the interlaced and crumpled fragments into prepressed formations (e.g., into tubes having a diameter of up to or even in excess of 10 mm), and converting the prepresssed formations into particles, particularly into granules or pellets. The crumpling and interlacing step can include agitating the fragments in one or more streams of a gaseous fluid and/or kneading the fragments.

Abstract: This invention relates to an animal litter to which has been applied an odor-inhibiting amount of an alkali metal fluoride.

Abstract: The invention provides, in one embodiment, an odor controlling animal litter comprising: (a) adsorbent or absorbent particles; and (b) an ammonia-controlling-effective amount of (i) pine oil and (ii) boric acid applied onto the particles. The litter can also include further adjuncts, such as fragrances, other antimicrobial additives, and the like.

Abstract: The invention provides, in one embodiment, an odor controlling animal litter comprising:a) adsorbent or absorbent particles; andb) an ammonia-controlling-effective amount of pine oil carried onto said particles via an aqueous liquid dispersion and a dispersion aid therefor.The litter can also include further adjuncts, such as fragrances, other antimicrobial additives, and the like.

Abstract: A litter material additive that by oxidation, effectively suppresses the majority of small animal odors originating from animal excreta, by using sodium perborate as the preferred oxidizing additive, and additionally using a desiccant for moisture control and a buffer for pH control.