Abstract: This invention relates to a composition and procedure for manipulating the behaviour of the webbing clothes moth, Tineola bisselliella (Hummel) (Lepidoptera: Tineidae). In particular, this invention relates to the use of specific semiochemical and sonic signals for manipulating the behaviour of the webbing clothes moths. A composition of chemicals for manipulating the behaviour of clothes moths, said composition comprising two or more chemicals in all possible combinations and ratios selected from the group consisting of: 1) (E,Z)-2,13:octadecadienal; 2) (E,Z)-2,13:octadecadienol; 3) hexadecanoic acid methyl ester; 4) (Z)-9-hexadecenoic acid methyl ester; 5) nonanal; 6) geranylacetone; 7) octanal; 8) decanal; 9) nonenal; 10) octenal; 11) decenal.

Abstract: An electronic device detects the presence of an animal such as a pet in a protected area and outputs a deterrent signal that preferably includes the voice of the pet's owner admonishing the animal. The animal is detected by sensing at least one of sound, heat, vibration, and motion. The deterrent signal may include loud noises, and signals audible to the animal but not to humans. The deterrent signal may also include bursts of light. The device can vary the nature and quality of the deterrent signal if the animal remains near the protected area for a predetermined time.

Abstract: Deer are attracted by playing the sound of a deer feeder distributing feed.

Abstract: An animal training apparatus having a receiving antenna and method of controlling the apparatus are disclosed. The transmitter of the apparatus varies or sets the intensity level of the electric shock linearly by an electric shock adjusting means, operates any one selected from the first through fourth function switches, and outputs a control signal corresponding to a selected switch from the antenna of the transmitter to a receiver worn on the neck of an animal, and the receiver receives the signal from the transmitter, outputs the electric shock to the animal while varying the electric shock linearly by the electric shock adjusting means for a predetermined period of time when the trainer operates the first function switch.

Abstract: A bone conduction speaker and a radio set having at least a receiving function are mounted on an animal such as a police dog or a rescue dog. This enables an animal trainer to have his or her instructions transferred to the animal even when the animal goes out of the range of the trainer's voice and/or encounters a very noisy environment in tracking, searching and like operations. The bone conduction speaker and the radio set both mounted on the animal are combined with each other to realize a method and apparatus for communication with the animal without fail. The method and the apparatus enable the trainer to transmit the instructions to the animal through the bone conduction speaker, so that the animal can perform an adequate action. Preferably, other instruments such as a microphone, a loudspeaker and a camera are additionally mounted on the animal.

Abstract: A dog training lead includes first and second sound-producing strips or members. An elastic member is interposed between the first and second strips, and is connected at the opposite ends thereof to and in a coaxial manner with the lead. The elastic member is dimensioned to bias the terminal ends of the first and second strips toward each other to thereby place the central portions of the first and second strips in a first or laterally spaced-apart relationship relative to each other. Upon application of a sharp, corrective pull on the lead by a trainer, the elastic member elongates toward a second position, and this results in the central portions of the first and second strips contacting each other with sufficient speed and force to emit a sharp “snap” sound.

Abstract: A battery operated hand held device for use in handling or controlling livestock, particularly cattle, swine, sheep and horses. This invention provides a novel alternative to conventional electric livestock prods, which deliver an electric shock to the animal. While operating on the principle of external stimulus to invoke a flight response, this invention relies on vibration and/or sound rather than painful electric shock. This unique mode of action satisfies the needs in the livestock industry for low stress handling equipment and techniques with the welfare of the animal as a priority.

Abstract: In order to deter deer from a protected area, a portable, wireless, shock producing, deer repelling and training device is provided comprising a field unit having an improved scent dispenser which is aerodynamically configured such that air movement across the device causes a negative pressure and turbulence inside the scent dispenser which increases evaporation and dispersal of the perfumed oil used as an attractant scent source on the device. The deer repellent devices are deployed such that deer in the protected area will be attracted by the scent to touch the device, whereupon they will receive an electric shock and are frightened from the area. Deer will then continue to avoid the protected area because of a scarecrow effect provided by the presence of the device.

Abstract: A system for confining and training a pet is provided. The system includes a stationary transmitter in communication with a receiver collar worn by a pet and the other configured as a portable transmitter for controlling the operation of the stationary transmitter. The stationary transmitter includes a correction signal generator and a warning signal generator which feed an amplifier having an adjustable amplification factor controlled by a processing device. The amplified correction signal is transmitted through the wire loop antenna via a transmitter. The normal confinement mode operation of the system is interrupted by a training signal from the portable transmitter. Upon receipt of a training signal, the processing device produces a signal corresponding to the desired deterrent signal and increases the gain of the appropriate amplifier thereby boosting the signal strength such that the entire confinement area is filled with the desired deterrent signal.

Abstract: An animal training device for administering audio and physical encouragement to an animal. An animal worn device comprising sod and shock producing elements is attached to a leash or lead. A transducer or similar strength measuring means is connected to the shock and sound producers of the animal worn device. The leash or lead is connected to the transducer. As the animal pulls of the lead, the transducer measures the strength of the pull. When the pull strength of the animal reaches a first level, an audio tone is sounded. If the strength of pull exceeds a second level a shock is administered to the animal. In this fashion the animal learns not to pull to hard on a lead. In an alternate embodiment, the trainer has a transmitter with variable signal strength. The animal worn device had a receiver that senses the signal strength. If the signal strength drops to a preset limit indicative of distance from the transmitter, a tone is sounded. Further signal drop results in the a shock being delivered.

Abstract: A wildlife conditioning and suppression system conditions wildlife to avoid a restricted area. The system relies on backing up predetermined and repeatable warning stimuli with real enforcement directed against the wildlife. In a preferred embodiment, a warning zone is defined around a protected area and predetermined sensory warning stimuli are produced each time wildlife enters the warning zone. If the wildlife enters the protected area, physical enforcement by means of a water cannon is used to eject the wildlife from the area. The wildlife is thereby conditioned to avoid the area by means of repeatable warning stimuli backed up with real enforcement.

Abstract: A bird-scaring device for scaring birds without injuring the birds or without using loud noises. The bird-scaring device includes an air dispensing device. An actuator for actuating the air compressor is operationally coupled to the air compressor. A tubular membrane is elongate and has a first end, a second end and peripheral wall extending therebetween. The first end is selectively fluidly coupled to the air dispensing device such that the air dispensing device may inflate the tubular membrane. The peripheral wall of the tubular membrane has a plurality of elongate wires therein. Each of the wires is resiliently flexible. Each of the wires is coiled such that the tubular membrane is in a coiled orientation when it is not inflated. The air compressor forces air into the tubular membrane such that the tubular membrane is selectively inflated into an extended orientation.

Abstract: A dog leash which incorporates a personal security device. The dog leash includes a handle with an ergonomically shaped body that is also padded to facilitate comfort of use. Disposed substantially inside a substantially watertight cavity defined by the handle is a personal security device. The personal security device includes an audible alarm, a battery, and an activation switch selectively operated by the user so as to activate the audible alarm. A hand loop is connected to one end of the body so that when a user's hand is inserted through the hand loop the user's hand may thereby grasp the ergonomically shaped body, and be proximately disposed with respect to the activation switch of the personal security device. A snap swivel is attached to the other end of the ergonomically shaped body, and a split ring depending from the snap swivel removably engages one end of a lead. The other end of the lead has a coupler for attaching the lead to a dog collar.

Abstract: A method of deterring certain kinds of animals from birdfeeders and birdhouses consists of rotating such avian enclosures at a sufficient speed to deter the undesirable animal. An electronic baffle rotates the avian enclosures at variable speeds for which fast speeds are used to deter animals and slow speeds are used for better viewing of birds. A support suspends the baffle from a tree or mounts the baffle to a pole in the ground. An electronic circuit contained within the baffle senses the animal's presence and controls the speed of a motor that rotates the avian enclosures for a predetermined period of time. Optionally, remote control circuitry may be used in manually deterring animals from the avian enclosures and for better viewing of birds.

Abstract: An improved insect and rodent repellent device is thermo-electrically powered and provides a means for ultrasonically repelling insects and rodents. The insect and rodent repellent device is environmentally sound and may use a multiplicity of low-grade heat sources for its operation. A heat source activates a thermoelectric device which generates electricity for operating an ultrasonic generator to produce sound frequencies which repel insects and rodents.

Abstract: An external stimuli is provided that alerts animals to danger and/or repels the animals from certain areas. More specifically, the system and method of the present invention uses an external stimuli, such as, for example, pulsing microwaves, vibration or supersonic sound waves, in order to alert birds or other animals of danger and/or repel these same birds or animals from specific areas. These produced external stimuli may provide a reversible unpleasant sensation to the birds and other animals so that they will not only be repelled from a specific area, such as an airport, but also will avoid returning to such area. One such unpleasant sensation that is virtually harmless to the birds and other animals is the sensation of dizziness.

Abstract: An animal warning alarm device includes a housing having a hollow tube projecting forwardly therefrom and an electronic sonic generator attached to the housing for providing a sonic wave that is channeled out through the forward open end of the tube which is angled downwardly in a forward direction preferably at an angle of approximately 45° to the road surface beneath the vehicle, whereby the sonic wave that is emitted from the tube will be reflected off the road surface and produce a virtual sonic echo effect.

Abstract: A cat calling device including a housing having a front face and a rear face. A recording mechanism is disposed within the housing. A playback mechanism is disposed within the housing. The playback mechanism is in communication with the recording means. The playback mechanism includes a plurality of playback buttons disposed within the front face of the housing. Each of the buttons serves to play a separate recording from the recording means. The playback mechanism includes a speaker disposed within the front face of the housing.

Abstract: A system and method for making animals appear to talk is provided. The system includes a speaker mounted on an article (such as a collar) worn by the animal. A memory stores a plurality of pre-recorded messages. These pre-recorded messages may be generic phrases to be “spoken” by all types of animals or may be messages which are based on the characteristics of a particular animal. Using a selection circuit, a user is able to selectively output the pre-recorded messages from the memory to the speaker, thereby making the animal appear to talk.

Abstract: A mole chaser with improvements in the construction and method of audio frequency and vibration generation includes a main stem, a cap, a battery chamber and a control circuit board, suspended or loosely installed inside of the main stem to make constant contact with inside wall of the main stem, which has a buzzer mounted thereon for generating audio signal to chase away underground rodents, such as moles. The audio frequency produced by the energized buzzer will cause the resonance to circuit board to make it vibrate and strike the main stem to produce more low frequency noise and vibration to enhance mole-chasing effect.

Abstract: An animal training device which is worn around the neck of an animal to apply at least one of an impulse wave and vibration to the animal. A transmission microprocessor performs an arithmetic operation with respect to security code number data, impulse wave level data and mode data and outputs a control signal containing the security code number data, impulse wave level data and mode data, as a result of the arithmetic operation. The control signal from the transmission microprocessor is modulated at a carrier wave and transmitted in the form of a radio signal through a transmitting antenna. The transmitted radio signal is received at a receiving antenna and demodulated for detection of the control signal therefrom. A reception microprocessor receives the detected control signal and checks whether the security code number data in the received control signal is the same as pre-stored security code number data.

Abstract: A method of controlling the operation of an animal training device which is worn around the neck of an animal to apply at least one of an impulse wave and vibration to the animal. Upon pushing a first function switch under the condition that a security code number is set by a security code setting unit, the level of the impulse wave to be applied to the animal is set by a volume adjustment unit and a mode selector is set to any one of a vibration position, vibration/impulse wave position, impulse wave position, a receiver receives a radio signal containing such data and thus applies at least one of the vibration and impulse wave to the animal to train it. Further, the volume adjustment unit employs a variable resistor which can finitely adjust the impulse wave level. Therefore, only a vibration or a low-level impulse wave can be applied to an animal over-sensitive to an electrical stimulation to readily train it.

Abstract: A piezoelectric shocking device for training an animal to alter or avoid particular behaviors such as pulling on a leash, pressing against a fence, or in the instance of a horse, cribbing or wind sucking. The device includes an inner housing for receiving internal components, and an outer housing for receiving the inner housing. The inner housing is nested within the outer housing in a sliding fashion. The internal working components of the device include a piezoelectric ceramic crystal which, when struck with sufficient force, generates an electrical pulse. In order to capture this electrical pulse, electrical contacts are positioned on either end of the crystal and in direct contact therewith such that a force exerted on either electrical contact is transferred directly to the crystal. A hammer is provided for striking the first electrical contact with the force required to generate an electrical pulse.

Abstract: A motion sensor unit (11) is intended to be carried by a domestic animal. The motion sensor unit (11) operates in parallel to and independently of a conventional transponder unit (1). The motion sensor unit (11) contains a motion detector (14) for measuring the activity of the animal by providing electrical pulses when the animal moves. Each hour is subdivided in a number of intervals in each one of which it is determined if the activity has exceeded a certain threshold. If it is the case, a count value is incremented. The count value is then transmitted once each hour and in addition also the count values of all the 23 previous hours. By transmitting repeatedly such information a good safety is obtained in the reception of the information signal, and this information can be used for complicated evaluation processing in a processor (7) or a supplementary personal computer (9).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for training an animal and confining the animal to a defined area includes a magnetically actuated switch. The apparatus further includes a housing removably attached to the animal and a transducer mounted to the housing for delivering a stimulus to the animal. The magnetically actuated switch is disposed within the housing and is coupled to the transducer. The magnetically actuated switch is used for controlling at least one of a type of stimulus delivered by the transducer to the animal, a rate of stimulus delivered by the transducer to the animal, and an intensity of stimulus delivered by the transducer to the animal.

Abstract: An animal sorting tool with poking tip for humanely sorting and herding animals. The animal sorting tool with poking tip includes a housing with first and second ends, a pair of lateral sides extending between the ends, and a pair of panels. The ends, lateral sides, and panels of the housing define an interior of the housing. The housing has a tube extending through the ends of the housing. The tube has an open end positioned towards the first end of the housing and a closed tip portion protruding outwardly from the second end of the housing. A handle is inserted in the tube through the open end and extends into the tip portion of the tube.

Abstract: In a method of teasing a mare to ovulation, an audio tape recording is made of the voice of a sexually aroused stallion or gelded teaser. The tape is repeatedly played in the vicinity of the mare over a period of several days to stimulate the mare to ovulation.

Abstract: An electronic training leash and collar is provided for training an animal by providing consistent negative reinforcement regardless of the trainer. The elongated leash member includes a control module, proximately attached to an adjustable handle, electrically connected to a reinforcement module, proximately attached to an adjustable collar loop. The intensity of the control stimulus is selected by cycling the reinforcement processing device through a plurality of intensity levels incrementally spaced between a predetermined minimum and maximum voltage. Use of the correction button illuminates a visual indicator, and generates both an audible warning sound and an electrical stimulus from the reinforcement module. Similarly, the warning button illuminates the visual indicator and generates an audible warning sound from the reinforcement module. A timer limits abusive use of the corrective stimulus.

Abstract: An animal confinement/training system controls the behavior of the animal through electrical stimulation to the skin of the animal. A stationary first transmitter transmits an air-borne first encoded signal. A portable second transmitter transmits an air-borne second encoded signal. A receiver includes a receiver circuit coupled with a pair of electrodes. The receiver circuit is responsive to either of the first encoded signal or the second encoded signal for applying electrical stimulation to the skin of the animal with the pair of electrodes. The receiver further includes a temporary disabling device for temporarily disabling the responsiveness of the receiver circuit to the first encoded signal. The receiver circuit may also be responsive to another encoded signal from the second transmitter for actuating an illuminating light and/or audible alarm without applying electrical stimulation to the skin of the animal.

Abstract: An animal deterrent system for deterring animal intrusion into a specified area using an oscillating ultrasonic tone. The system includes a weatherproof housing containing an infrared detector for detecting the presence of an animal. To identify relevant intrusions, a count of the number of detections is maintained. After the count reaches predetermined number of infrared signals within a predetermined amount of time, an oscillating ultrasonic deterrent signal is generated to distress the animal and deter intrusion into the protected area. A deterrent timer activates the ultrasonic deterrent for a predetermined amount of time. A mounting stake for deploying the system in remote outdoor locations includes an anti-rotation mechanism, to prevent misalignment as a result of incidental contact.

Abstract: A pet identification and retrieval device is disclosed, designed to provide information regarding lost pets to individuals who find the pet, and is of compact design, consisting of a front half enclosure and rear half enclosure. The front half enclosure contains a play switch, a speaker opening and a low battery indicator. The rear half enclosure contains a recessed recording switch, a permanent identification plate, and an easy to open and close fastening means. The device is connected to a pet's collar via a swivel link or is held stationary against the collar by other fastening means. A message is recorded using solid state digital recording and playback technology, which permits a 30-second message to be recorded.

Abstract: A Warning system in combination with a vehicle in which ultrasonic sound and ultraviolet is beamed in advance of the moving vehicle on a thoroughfare so that said sound and light may be heard and seen by an animal ahead of the moving vehicle to induce the animal to leave the road before it is struck by the vehicle.

Abstract: A motion-sensitive bird repelling device comprises a cylindrical shaped housing, and a plurality of spike legs extending downwardly from the bottom thereof for securing the housing to a garden or lawn, for protecting newly planted seeds from being eaten by birds and rodents. The bird repelling device includes motion sensors for detecting motion of a bird or rodent entering a prohibited area. The motion sensors activate a motor in response to simultaneous detecting of the trespassing animal into such area. When the motor is activated, a plurality of flexible arms mounted to the motor rotates, producing both noise and fluttering motions for scaring the approaching animals prior to reaching the seeds.

Abstract: A communications system permits animal carried transponders, such as ear tag transponders, to be selectively addressed and detected when an animal is proximate to an unterminated wire. Addresses impressed on a frequency carrier on the unterminated wire are coupled to an animal's transponder using a near field coupling, such as an electrical field coupling. When an animal's address is detected, the animal's transponder responds with a data stream carrying a tone or with a signal of different frequency coupled to the unterminated wire. Coupling is enhanced by connecting signals to be transmitted and a receiver for signals to be received to the animal's body. The unterminated wire can be positioned along a feeding/water trough in an agricultural environment to detect when a particular animal feeds or around a gate to detect when an animal passes through the gate.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transceiver device and remote output devices controlled by the transceiver for use by domestic pets. The transceiver utilizes a fixed interval edge detect modulation system to lock out stray environmental noise thereby, avoiding false triggering and greatly increasing the working range. Output devices include: a wireless pet containment system in which ultrasonic transmitters are mounted on a series of posts defining the perimeter of the containment area and a receiver device adapted to be worn by a domestic animal.

Abstract: An internal, rechargable, battery operated device for outdoor use in deterring livestock from passing through an open gate in a fence. The device incorporates a detector which senses the body heat of a large approching animal and relays a signal to a special siren, thus producing high intensity ear-splitting sound waves to frighten them away. The sensing mechanism is of the type capable of detecting infrared heat generated by the animal's body. The operating principle of this invention is very straightforeward. However, its uniqueness lies not only in the application of this technology but also in the electronic circuit which operates and controls the device. The device is ruggedly constructed to whithstand the rigors of farm, ranch, or industrial use in all kinds of weather and is inexpensive and easy to install using its built in hanger.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling an animal wherein the animal receives a control stimulus of the release of a substance having an adverse effect upon the animal as a corrective measure. The apparatus includes a transmitter for producing a transmitted field, and a releasable collar for attaching to the neck of the animal. The collar includes a receiver for receiving the transmitted field and for producing a received signal, a control circuit for determining when the received signal indicates that the animal requires a corrective measure and for producing a control signal, a container for containing the substance having an adverse effect upon the animal, and a mechanism for releasing the substance from the container into the presence of the animal upon the production of the control signal by the control circuit. In use, the transmitter is set to produce the transmitted field and the collar is attached to the neck of the animal.

Abstract: A device for locating and training an animal includes a hand held transmitter and a multi-function electronic collar assembly to be worn by the animal. The electronic collar assembly includes a receiver for receiving signals from the transmitter. A microprocessor connected to the receiver processes the signals and is connected to a sounder, a sound sensor, a electroshock stimulator, and a motion sensor mounted on the collar. The transmitter can program the collar assembly and command it in one of several modes or functions for locating and training the animal. In the locating or sounder mode, the sounder emits humanly audible sounds to indicate the location of the animal. In one training mode, the sound sensor detects when the animal is making undesirable noises, such as barking, and the microprocessor has the stimulator deliver a shock to the animal for barking control.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling animal behavior comprising a sound-processing means selectively responsive to a plurality of sounds, an actuator means coupled to the sound-processing means selectively responsive to a plurality of electrical inputs from the sound processing means, and a stimulus generating means coupled to the actuator means. The stimulus provided an animal may include a human voice command with respect to the behavior correlated with the sound produced by the animal.

Abstract: A device for achieving animal response that produces two output frequencies, one to soothe the animal and one to distress the animal. The frequency for distressing the animal is an oscillating frequency to cause further attention by the animal and to provide optimum operation of the sound-producing element. The oscillating frequency is created by producing a second frequency higher than the first frequency, and then oscillating this second frequency. Sound is produced by a piezoelectric element driven by these frequencies. Components are generally contained in an enclosure body, with push buttons for selecting a desired sound output penetrating this enclosure body for contact by a user of the device.

Abstract: A system for identifying livestock and other individuals comprising an identification plate for identifying the animal and a gate-shaped antenna, which is characterized in that the identification plate is a marker plate, which in turn is made of a soft material and comprises a flexible printed board formed with an antenna coil, a tuning condenser and an electronic circuit; said gate-shaped antenna comprises plural unit antennas which are wound with a coil each and which are crossed at an angle so that electromagnetic fields can be generated over a wide range of area without interfering with each other at the time of radio wave transmission/reception for retrieving data on said identification plate.

Abstract: An animal containment system is disclosed wherein the contained animal wears a receiver which receives first and second codes in the form of frequencies which are defined in adjacent curtains of near infrared or the like light established by a transmitting device. One pair of one shots detects one frequency and a second pair of one shots detects a second frequency. When the warning frequency is detected a sounder continuously operates and when the second frequency is detected a transformer is intermittently operated to shock the animal and the sounder is intermittently operated. The transformer can be operated in three modes: high power, low power or disconnected.

Abstract: A system for sensing and repelling an animal is disclosed. The system contains an infrared motion detector which detects any warm moving object. Once detection has occurred, a Radio Frequency (R.F.) pulse signal is transmitted by a radio transmitter/receiver to the involved area. If an animal such as a family pet is wearing a collar which contains a radio receiver/transmitter, the R.F. pulse signal is received by the receiver/transmitter in the collar and an R.F. pulse response signal is transmitted which is received by the transmitter/receiver in the system. If a signal is received, the repelling subsystems which is a flood light and a water spray is deactivated. If a signal is not received, the repelling subsystems are activated to scare the unwanted animal away. The system can also be used for sensing the presence of an animal since the R.F. unit is detachable and can be used as a stand alone unit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device for controlling animal access to a location, comprising a generator for generating a field and a sensor for sensing the presence of the field near the location. One of the generator and the sensor is removably secured on an animal. A buzzer or other output signal unit is responsive to the sensor for generating an output signal in the presence of the field, the output signal being of sufficient magnitude to deter the animal from the location. Also disclosed is a technique for deterring an animal from a location.

Abstract: An animal training device comprises an elongate body having opposite ends and retaining rings proximate each end to couple the body to a conventional leash. A trigger extends laterally from the body to contact the leash. The trigger is responsive to a force exerted thereon by the leash so that tensioning of the leash activates a sound generator. The sound generator, when activated, emits a sound having a preselected frequency to startle the animal so that it eventually learns to avoid the sound and walk safely at the owner's side.

Abstract: A device that automatically repeats a prerecorded message for training a bird to mimic the message. The device is sized such that it may be attached to a bird cage by adjustable clips. The device electronically records and stores a message spoken by the user and plays back the message through a speaker for the bird at intervals determined by a timer. A user may record any type of message that the user wishes for the bird to learn. The message may be of variable length up to 60 seconds in duration. The user may select a delay interval between one second and thirty minutes by utilization of the timer. Once the user activates the play-back, the device will play the prerecorded message at a selected volume, automatically repeating in intervals equal to that selected by the user. Thereafter, the device will continue to repeat the prerecorded message at the selected interval until the user deactivates the device.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for confining the movement of an animal to a defined area. The device includes a transmitter that generates a coded radio signal through an antenna defining the area. The transmitter can modify the coded radio signal including modifying the code of the coded radio signal to modify a stimulus provided to the animal. The apparatus also has a portable radio receiver for decoding the coded radio signal for the stimulus provided to the animal. The delivery of stimulus can be arrested upon detection of a signal other than the coded signal. The portable radio receiver is attached to the animal and is positioned for delivering the stimulus to the animal.

Abstract: An apparatus for confining the movement of an animal to a defined area includes a transmitter that generates a continuous, coded radio signal through an antenna defining the area. The transmitter can variably modify the amplitude of the continuous, coded radio signal and variably modify the code of the continuous, coded radio signal, thereby modifying the type and rate of a stimulus provided to the animal. The apparatus also has a portable radio receiver for detecting the amplitude of the continuous, coded radio signal and for decoding the continuous, coded radio signal for the rate and type of stimulus provided to the animal. The portable radio receiver is attached to the animal and is positioned for delivering the stimulus to the animal in response only to the detected continuous, coded radio signal.

Abstract: A method for training an animal capable of learning to associate a consistent positive audio tone with pleasant feelings. The method includes a consistent positive audio tone capable of being sensed by the animal without startling the animal, and a consistent negative audio tone distinct from the positive audio tone capable of being sensed by the animal and startling the animal. The invention enables a trainer to encourage good behavior by the animal by applying the positive audio tone after the animal has been trained to associate the positive audio tone with pleasant feelings, and to discourage bad behavior by the animal by applying the negative audio tone.

Abstract: A device that automatically repeats a prerecorded message for training a bird to mimic the message. The device is sized such that it may be attached to a bird cage by adjustable clips. The device electronically records and stores a message spoken by the user and plays back the message through a speaker for the bird at intervals determined by a timer. A user may record any type of message that the user wishes for the bird to learn. The message may be of variable length up to 60 seconds in duration. The user may select a delay interval between one second and thirty minutes by utilization of the timer. Once the user activates the play-back, the device will play the prerecorded message at a selected volume, automatically repeating in intervals equal to that selected by the user. Thereafter, the device will continue to repeat the prerecorded message at the selected interval until the user deactivates the device.