Abstract: A key comprises a key blade, a key handle integral with one end of the key blade and forming a portion of a carabiner that includes a generally C-shaped portion integral with said key blade, and a latching element having a first end pivotably attached to a first open end of the C to permit pivoting movement of said latching element between open and closed positions, and a second end overlapping the second open end of the C when said latching element is in said closed position, to limit the pivoting movement of the latching element. In one implementation, the key includes a biasing spring that urges said latching element toward said closed position.

Abstract: A closure device and method to close the abdomen between surgical procedures and maintain a normal physiologic tension on the fascia to prevent undue retraction. In one embodiment, the closure device includes a “needled carabiner” attached to a rubberband of specific tension. The rubberband mimics the physiologic tension the abdominal wall normally experiences during daily activities and allows the abdominal compartment to expand as needed to maintain a healthy intra-abdominal pressure. The bands contract to maintain the intra-abdominal pressure and slowly pull the abdominal fascia back to the midline to facilitate surgical closure of the abdomen. In one embodiment, the “needled carabiner” includes a hinged surgical needle with a protected cap. The hinged needle is placed outside the normal suture line, thereby limiting the amount of surgical trauma the fascia endures. The strength of the rubberbands may be varied to accommodate differently sized individuals.

Abstract: An animal training apparatus including a nose-supported housing, receiver and stimulus means. The housing is in the form of a noseclip containing a receiver responsive to a signal and activating electrical stimulus across and within the nasal septum. An outfitted animal is trained to develop a conditioned behavior in response to operation of the apparatus.The housing consists of a barrel, bows, ends and pads. The interconnection is such that the pads may be rigidly affixed or pivotable with the ends. A single or plurality of transmitter define a pretermined area in which the apparatus are carried by animals, typically cattle, in which the user desires to control.