Abstract: Flue-gas analysis safety apparatus 10 for a gas or oil-fired device 30 having an electrical connection and a flue 54 for combustion gases, comprises a hazardous gas detection element 12 for placement in the flue 54 to monitor flue gas, and a controller 14 for automatically regulating a gas to air ratio in the flue gas based on a signal from the hazardous gas detection element 12. The controller 14 is able to halt a flow of electricity to the gas or oil-fired device 30 if the gas to air ratio in the flue gas cannot be regulated to fall within a predetermined safe parameter. Preferably, the hazardous gas detection element 12 includes a wireless transmitter, and the controller 14 includes a wireless receiver so that the hazardous gas detection element 12 is wirelessly communicable with the controller 14. A gas or oil-fired device having the apparatus 10, and a method are also provided.

Abstract: A gas water heater with a warning function, the gas water heater being disposed in a facility and comprising: a gas water heater main body including a controller having a warning cell; and a gas detecting unit separate from the main body and disposed at an indoor monitoring point of the facility, the gas detecting unit having a gas sensor and being in communication with the controller.

Abstract: A water heater is provided with monitor/diagnostic display apparatus that selectively provides a user with visual or other type of indicia of the overall efficiency of the water heater. The apparatus includes a monitoring unit that may be mounted on the water heater, and a display unit that may be mounted either on the water heater or remotely therefrom.

Abstract: A hot water heater comprises a hot water tank, a supply pipe to be connected to the public water mains and a discharge pipe to be connected to a tap. The hot water tank has a circumferential wall which encloses the interior of the tank and which is provided with a heating element disposed inside the hot water tank and with a temperature control device. The circumferential wall of the tank comprises a part which is bellows-shaped so as to be deformable under pressure, thus enabling the tank to expand and contract. The bellows-shaped part of the tank wall is surrounded by a gas chamber containing a gas under pressure, which is capable of balancing the expansion of the tank. The invention further relates to a method for supplying hot water.

Abstract: Provided is a device for supplying warm water and a method thereof. The device for supplying warm water includes a first heater configured to have a first set capacity and heating received water, a second heater configured to have a second set capacity greater than the first set capacity and heating received water, and a control part calculating heater driving cycles of the first heater and the second heater according to a set water temperature, and driving the first heater and the second heater according to the heater driving cycles. The control part calculates the heater driving cycle of the first heater by using a phase control method, and calculates the heater driving cycle of the second heater by using a zero-crossing control method.

Abstract: A gas boiler having a closed cistern tank with no diaphragm, in which the volume of the cistern tank can be reduced, the closed cistern tank storing returned heating water and absorbing pressure changes of the heating water. The cistern tank having no diaphragm has an internal space that is isolated from the atmosphere, and includes a heating water inlet through which the heating water is introduced, a heating water outlet through which the heating water is discharged toward a circulation pump, a water level detecting sensor which detects the water level of the heating water stored in the cistern tank, and a safety valve for maintaining the pressure of an internal space of the cistern tank to less than a predetermined value.

Abstract: A fuel-fired water heater is provided with a premixing type main burner and an associated pilot burner for igniting it. A specially designed protective system is operative to detect a flame flashback burning condition in the main burner and responsively shut down the water heater. In one embodiment thereof, the protective system uses main burner body heat to melt a portion of a fuel supply line connected to the pilot burner during a flame flashback condition in the main burner. Such melting responsively causes an associated fuel supply valve to close and terminate water heater operation. In a second protective system embodiment a normally closed pressure switch is opened, thereby shutting down the water heater, when the switch detects a pressure indicative of a flame flashback condition in the main burner.

Abstract: An apparatus for a water heater is configured to control heating operation of a water heater to maintain a desired water temperature. The various embodiments comprise a sensor that provides an output indicative of the sensed temperature of water in a water heater, and a controller in communication with the sensor. The controller is operable to initiate a present call for heat where the sensed temperature is a predetermined amount below a set-point temperature. The controller is also configured to determine whether a prior call for heat occurred within a predetermined elapsed time period preceding the present call for heat, and to respond thereto by delaying the start of heating operation in the present call for heat until one of a predetermined time period or a predetermined sensed temperature change has occurred.

Abstract: A water heater is provided with monitor/diagnostic display apparatus that selectively provides a user with visual or other type of indicia of the remaining hot water availability of, the recovery time for, and the overall efficiency of the water heater. The apparatus includes a monitoring unit that may be mounted on the water heater, and a display unit that may be mounted either on the water heater or remotely therefrom.

Abstract: A fluid heat exchange system with a fluid flow circuit having a heat exchange fluid flow loop, a heat absorption component (as in a domestic hot water tank inclusive of small commercial use tanks as in tanks of 20 to 120 gallons), a heat exchanger and preferably also a pump. A controlled and automated fuel supply source based heater (as in a pellet stove) is in heat passage communication with the said heat exchanger. A control unit triggers activation of the pump upon fluid in the heat absorption component reaching or dropping below a preset temperature, and the fluid flow circuit is arranged such that, during times of non-activation of the pump, fluid is free to flow in a unidirectional flow within the fluid circuit based on thermodynamic temperature differentials alone. A retrofitting of a domestic hot water tank is also featured preferably making use of preexisting drain and safety vent porting for in-feed and out-feed porting in the exchange loop side.

Abstract: A water heater is provided that includes a tank for storing water and a combustion chamber in thermal communication with the tank for heating the water. The combustion chamber contains a pilot burner and at least one main burner. The water heater also includes a flue containing a flue damper to control the passage of exhaust gases from said combustion chamber. The water heater further includes an electrical control circuit connected to said flue damper. The electrical control circuit includes a thermal switch positioned proximal to the main burner The thermal switch is configured to prevent the flue damper from closing while the main burner is firing.

Abstract: A system for heating water including a water heater and a solar collector is provided. The water heater includes a water storage tank, a heating element positioned within the bottom end of the water tank and a lower thermostat configured to selectively activate the heating element as a function of the water temperature sensed by the temperature sensor of the thermostat. A tank heat exchanger is also positioned within the bottom end portion of the water storage tank. The tank heat exchanger is configured to contain a fluid medium for heat exchange with water in the bottom end portion of the water storage tank. The solar collector is fluidly coupled to the tank heat exchanger of the water heater for circulating the fluid medium through the tank heat exchanger.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally pertain to systems and methods for estimating and indicating temperature characteristics of temperature controlled liquids. A system in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure has a tank filled at least partially with a liquid, such as water, and the system has a plurality of temperature sensors mounted on the tank. During operation, a controller compares temperatures sensed by these temperature sensors to a predefined temperature profile for the liquid within the tank in order to estimate the likely temperature characteristics of such liquid. The controller then reports these estimated temperature characteristics via a user interface. As an example, the controller may estimate and report the amount of liquid above a threshold temperature that can be drawn from the tank. Based on the reported temperature characteristics, a user may make decisions about whether or how to use liquid drawn from the tank.

Abstract: A fuel-fired water heater has main and pilot burners disposed in its combustion chamber. Illustratively, all of the primary combustion air utilized by the main and pilot burners during firing thereof is supplied thereto via an enclosed path extending to the burners from outside of the combustion chamber. A burner clogging detection system is operative to shut down further combustion, upon sensing a condition of the pilot burner flame indicative of a predetermined degree of pilot burner clogging, prior to the main burner being clogged to an unacceptable degree by particulate matter entrained in incoming combustion air being delivered to the main burner.

Abstract: A condensate trap for a condensing boiler has a generally hollow body for receiving condensate from a heat exchanger of the condensing boiler and for providing a path of flow for condensate out of the side of the boiler. The body of the condensate trap includes a condensate receiving end having an inlet, a condensate discharging end having an outlet, and an intermediate reversely-turned trap portion interconnecting the condensate receiving and discharging ends. The hollow body can be one-piece and molded of plastic. A level sensor can be mounted on or within the condensate receiving end of the body. In a preferred embodiment, the condensate receiving end includes a chamber with an opening, and the level sensor extends within the chamber and seals the opening. The condensate trap can also include an air vent located above the level sensor in communication with an air pressure sensor.

Abstract: A hot water supply apparatus including: a hot-water supply pipe for guiding hot water generated by a hot-water generator to a hot-water supplying terminal; two hot-water supply temperature sensors for detecting water temperature in the hot-water supply pipe; a temperature control unit for adjusting a temperature of the hot water supplied to the hot-water supplying terminal; a sensor abnormality determining unit for determining sensor abnormality when a difference between temperatures detected by the two hot-water supply temperature sensors is larger than a predetermined permissible error; a sensor selector for selectively setting one hot-water supply temperature sensor detecting a higher temperature as a hot-water supply temperature sensor for temperature control; and a hot-water supply temperature controller for controlling the temperature control unit so that a temperature detected by the hot-water supply temperature sensor for temperature control selected from the two hot-water supply temperature sensors i

Abstract: A gas water heater with a warning function, the gas water heater being disposed in a facility and comprising: a gas water heater main body including a controller having a warning cell; and a gas detecting unit separate from the main body and disposed at an indoor monitoring point of the facility, the gas detecting unit having a gas sensor and being in communication with the controller.

Abstract: A water heater is controlled by an electronic system that initiates the operation of the heater when a flow detector sends a demand signal for hot water flow to the electronic card, which ignites a burner as function of a temperature programmed by the user. The burner is lit gradually by an electrical spark emitted by a spark plug connected to the electronic card, which in turn controls gas feed to the burner. As soon as the burner is lit, the electric current generated by the first spark plug is transformed by the ionization effect, changing the polarization of the current, which is detected by another spark plug that emits the change signal to the electronic card for further control of the heater. The heater operates without a permanently lit pilot light.

Abstract: A system for detecting stacking and controlling temperature in a water heater. A controller with a connection to a temperature sensor and heating element in a water tank of the heater may be designed to limit stacking and its effects. The controller may use a sensing and calculation technique to detect the stacking. If stacking is detected, then the setpoint for the heater may be lowered so that the outlet water temperature is within a safe limit. If stacking is not detected, then the setpoint may be gradually restored to optimize water heater capacity.

Abstract: A heating system has a heating unit with a combustion chamber for burning wood pellets or other pelletized fuel. The heating unit is controlled by a process control module that automatically keeps all operating functions within predetermined limits for safe, efficient and easy operation. The unit also includes a combustion air distribution assembly with a stir shaft that rotates within the combustion chamber and introduces combustion air through orifices along the length of the shaft to enhance fuel combustion. A thermo cycle plumbing assembly serves as a safety feature by preventing overheating in the event of a power failure or pump failure. Also included in the unit is a removable insulated firebox burn chamber that provides a high temperature combustion atmosphere and a heat/particulate recovery module which provides maximum heating efficiency and reduces emissions, meeting EPA requirements and contributing to a cleaner environment.

Abstract: A system and method of using a set-back or programmable thermostat for heating or cooling systems to also controlling a fast-recovery water heater such as a power-vented fossil fuel powered water heater such that the water heater is disabled during a set-back mode of the thermostat. The system sends a control signal to a relay module adjacent to the water heater, into which the water heater electrical power cord can be plugged into. The interlock mechanism of the water heater prevents operation of the water heater when power to the water heater is interrupted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a steam generating apparatus (10), comprising a body (12) for receiving water to be heated and comprising a first portion (16) comprising a first metal, and a heating device (14) comprising a second portion (18) comprising a second metal, wherein the heating device (14) comprises a heating plate (15) connected with the body (12) by forming an intermetallic layer (20) between the first portion (16) and the second portion (18), and a temperature sensor (24) for measuring a temperature that is indicative of a pressure inside the body (12) is arranged in thermal contact to the heating device (14) outside the body (12).

Abstract: A method of determining an operating water temperature for a boiling water heater includes the following steps: (a) adding water to a tank to a predetermined level; (b) heating the water in the tank to approximately 95 degrees Celsius; (c) applying sufficient heat to the water in the tanks so as to cause boiling of the water in the tank within a predetermined first period of time; (d) measuring the boiling water temperature of the water in the tank; and (e) subtracting a predetermined temperature from the boiling water temperature measured in step (d) to arrive at the operating water temperature.

Abstract: A water heating system including a water container having a cold water inlet that connects to a water supply, a hot water outlet, a water heater outlet and a water heater inlet; an instantaneous water heater mounted to the water container and having a tank supply inlet connected to the water heater outlet, a tank supply outlet connected to the water heater inlet, a burner, and a heat exchanger located adjacent the burner between the tank supply inlet and the tank supply outlet; a pump connected between the water container and the instantaneous water heater that moves water between the water container and the instantaneous water heater; and a controller that operates the pump and the burner.

Abstract: A liquid heating appliance, representatively a water heater, is provided with protective apparatus for preventing rupture of its liquid storage tank portion caused by overheating of pressurized liquid therein. Illustratively, the protective apparatus includes a length of thermoplastic tubing, preferably polybutylene tubing, whose interior is exposed to the tank interior so as to be pressurized by heated liquid therein. In the event of a liquid overheating condition in the tank, the tubing is heat-softened in a manner reducing its burst pressure and causing it to burst, at a pressure substantially below the tank burst pressure, and thereby form a pressure relief outlet passage for the tank. A shield structure with at least one fluid outlet opening therein extends outwardly around the thermoplastic tubing to diffuse pressurized fluid escaping from the burst tubing.

Abstract: Hot water pipes, in areas with hard water, tend to fill with scale until they no longer pass enough water. De-scaling water pipes with acid is dangerous, expensive and damages the pipes. Ion exchange and reverse osmosis water softeners eliminate scale buildup in pipes, but are expensive. This invention is a means of keeping the scale precipitate, created when water is heated, inside the water heater by passing the hot water through a removal medium where the scale sticks to the surface. The removal medium can be placed inside the water heater or in a separate tank connected to the water heater; both configurations remove the precipitate from hot water; both save hot water pipes from scale accumulation.

Abstract: An igniter bracket is provided for use with a water heater to mount an igniter to the water heater. The igniter bracket includes a base portion occupying a base plane and at least one mounting portion extending from the base portion, wherein an edge of the at least one igniter mounting portion occupies an edge plane that is not perpendicular to the base plane.

Abstract: One or more embodiments of a controller for controlling a fuel-fired water heater are provided that are able to detect a high rate of temperature change condition in the water heater tank. The fuel fired water heater appliance having a water storage vessel comprises a surface mount sensor disposed on the outer surface of the storage vessel near the bottom of the vessel, for sensing the temperature of the vessel. The controller monitors the rate of change of the temperature sensed by the surface mount sensor during a heating cycle, and discontinues operation of the water heater appliance upon detecting an increase in the rate of temperature change that is indicative of an undesirable level of sediment build-up in the water storage vessel.

Abstract: A water heater including a water container, a combustion chamber adjacent the water container, a burner associated with the combustion chamber, a flue gas collector located to receive flue gases generated in the combustion chamber, a CO sensor having at least an operative portion proximate the flue gas collector, a flammable vapor sensor having at least an operative portion positioned proximate a location where combustion air enters the combustion chamber, and a controller operatively connected to the CO and flammable vapor sensors and adapted to receive signals generated by the CO and flammable vapor sensors and responsively shut off combustion in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A water heater including a water container, a combustion chamber adjacent the water container, a burner associated with the combustion chamber, a blower located to receive combustion products generated by the burner, an intake air conduit connected to the combustion chamber and having a combustion air intake opening, a dilution air conduit connected to the blower and having a dilution air intake opening; and a flammable vapor sensor having at least an operative portion positioned in the blower or the dilution air conduit.

Abstract: A temperate water supply is provided. The temperate water supply system includes a temperate water storage tank and a heat exchanger. The temperate water storage tank has a first tank inlet, a first tank outlet, a second tank inlet and a second tank outlet. The first tank inlet is connectable to a cold water source. The first tank outlet is connectable to at least one temperate water use point in the residence. The heat exchanger has a heat exchanger inlet and a heat exchanger outlet and a plurality of water conduits connected in parallel fluid communication with the heat exchanger inlet and with the heat exchanger outlet. The heat exchanger inlet is connectable to the second tank outlet, and the heat exchanger outlet is connectable to the second tank inlet. In use, the plurality of water conduits are filled with water and are in contact with ambient air in the residence that is warmer than the water at least a portion of the time, so that heat is transferred from the ambient air to the water.

Abstract: A specially configured fuel-fired water heater production platform may be used as a natural draft water heater. Alternatively, by modifying an upper end portion of the production platform using associated conversion apparatus, the same platform may be converted to a power vented water heater subassembly, a natural draft direct vent water heater subassembly, or a powered direct vent water heater subassembly to thereby lower the overall production costs for these different types of fuel-fired water heaters.

Abstract: Hot water pipes, in areas with hard water, tend to fill with scale until they no longer pass enough water. De-scaling water pipes with acid is dangerous, expensive and damages the pipes. Ion exchange and reverse osmosis water softeners eliminate scale buildup in pipes, but are expensive. This invention is a means of keeping the scale precipitate, created when water is heated, inside the water heater by passing the hot water through a removal medium where the scale sticks to the surface. The removal medium can be placed inside the water heater or in a separate tank connected to the water heater; both configurations remove the precipitate from hot water; both save hot water pipes from scale accumulation.

Abstract: A small water heater with a 29 cm outer diameter and a total height of 60 cm produces five liters of hot water per minute, with a difference of 25° C. between the water inlet and outlet, and an 85% thermal efficiency; this water heater has a heat recuperator 1 as shown in the description, a thermostat 2, a pipe capsule 10 to house the full sensory bar 3, a combustion chamber 4, a deflector chamber 5, a combustion gas collector 8, a water tank 9, a service door 7, a sheet sliding curtain 6, a plastic vein-type pipe 13, a magnesium anode 14, an exterior cover 17, an exterior lid 18, a flue 16, and a burner 15 that runs on combustible gas, with a power of 37,000 kj/hr.

Abstract: Various embodiments of fuel-fired low NOx water heaters are provided with burners having built-in venturi inlet sections for receiving fuel from a source thereof and combustion air from outside of the water heater. The burners are integrated in various manners with flammable vapor ignition resistance (FVIR) platforms to thereby reduce the tooling costs necessary to provide the water heaters with both lowered NOx emissions and flammable vapor ignition resistance.

Abstract: An apparatus for programmably controlling the operation of a water heater having a programmable timer coupled to the water heater for establishing predetermined times of when the water heater should operate. The programmable controller allows for the operation of a solenoid valve which controls the flow of natural gas to a burner. The present invention may utilize a conventional 110/120 volt power source as provided in a power vented gas water heater or an electrical water heater, or the present invention may utilize a thermopile as a mini generator by which to power the programmable timer and solenoid.

Abstract: A gas water heater with a tank for holding water including a gas valve mounted below the tank and in fluid communication with a supply of gas. A gas burner is fluidly connected to the gas valve. A first temperature sensor is mounted adjacent a lower portion of the tank and detects a temperature of the water in the lower portion of the tank, and a second temperature sensor is mounted adjacent an upper portion of the tank and detects a temperature of water in the upper portion of the tank. A control has inputs connected to the first and second temperature sensors and outputs connected to the gas valve. The control operates the gas valve in response to reading signals from the first and second temperature sensors such that water in the top and bottom portions of the tank stays within a desired temperature range.

Abstract: A portable instant water heater. Water is delivered to a base unit of the instant hot water heater by a pump that draws water from a reservoir through a flow control valve. The water flows into a pre-heater that wraps around a base of the burner and that is heated by the burner. Water is heated in a heat exchanger and then exits the base unit through an outlet spout that swings out from the base unit to dispense water and that may be stored and locked into position in a handle for the base unit. The flow control valve may lower the flow of water through the heat exchanger, so the water has more time to absorb heat and to get hotter. The base unit includes a single control knob that turns on the pump and the burner and operates the flow control valve.

Abstract: A water heater control system that prevents the accumulation and accidental ignition of dangerous quantities of unwanted flammable vapors. The system intermittently generates a spark at a predetermined interval such that if unwanted flammable vapors are present, they are burned in a controlled manner. The system obviates the need for flammable vapor sensors.

Abstract: An air-proportionality type boiler is provided. Since the air-proportionality type boiler directly controls a current proportionality gas valve according to an amount of air by using a low-price AC air blower, a low-price current proportionality gas valve and a low-price airflow sensor, a gas supply amount can be adjusted with respect to all ranges of the airflow amount. Also, an appropriate calorie required for proportionally controlling a present circulation water temperature to a set temperature, can be supplied. The boiler can be safely ignited to perform a combustion operation under the optimal condition although abnormal weathers and conditions. Accordingly, since a combustion performance is enhanced, combustion efficiency is high and a fuel cost can be saved.

Abstract: An explosion-proof hot water heater of the type having a gas-fired combustion chamber at a lower end of the inner tank is described. The combustion chamber is an unsealed chamber and has a sealed bottom wall and a fuel burner in the combustion chamber. Combustion air intake ports are provided about the combustion chamber above the sealed bottom wall. A support base supports the sealed bottom wall elevated from a support surface. Air intake openings are provided about the outer skin casing of the hot water tank and spaced a predetermined distance above the sealed bottom wall. Air passages communicate the air intake openings with the combustion air intake ports of the combustion chamber. A gas vapour sensor is secured in relation to the support base below the sealed bottom wall and is adapted to cause the burner to be shut off upon detection of explosive vapours with sufficient time delay before such vapours reach the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A gas-fired water heater has a combustion chamber with a bottom wall defined by a perforated flame arrestor plate forming a portion of a flow path through which combustion air may be supplied to a burner structure within the combustion chamber. During firing of the water heater a combustion air shutoff system having a heat-frangible temperature sensing structure disposed within the combustion chamber senses an undesirable temperature increase in the combustion chamber, caused by for example a partial blockage of the flow path, and responsively terminates further air flow into the combustion chamber, thereby shutting down the burner, prior to the creation in the combustion chamber of a predetermined elevated concentration of carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A fuel-fired natural draft water heater is provided with a self-powered, low NOx burner system in which a thermoelectric generator is positioned to be heated by the water heater's fuel burner during firing thereof and used to power an auxiliary combustion air fan which operates to supply to the burner system a quantity of combustion air in addition to that normally supplied by the natural draft of the water heater during operation thereof. The burner system is configured in a manner such that the water heater is operative even if either or both of the thermoelectric generator and the auxiliary combustion air fan fail to function.

Abstract: A gas-fired water heater has a combustion chamber with a bottom wall defined by a perforated flame arrestor plate forming a portion of a flow path through which combustion air may be supplied to a burner structure within the combustion chamber. During firing of the water heater a combustion air shutoff system having a heat-frangible temperature sensing structure disposed within the combustion chamber senses an undesirable temperature increase in the combustion chamber, caused by for example a partial blockage of the flow path, and responsively terminates further air flow into the combustion chamber, thereby shutting down the burner, prior to the creation in the combustion chamber of a predetermined elevated concentration of carbon monoxide.

Abstract: An explosion proof gas-tired water heater is comprised of a housing having a water reservoir provided with a sealed combustion chamber thereunder. A flue pipe is disposed above the combustion chamber and extends through the reservoir. A gas burner and pilot are provided in the combustion chamber. At least one air supply channel is provided to supply fresh air to the combustion chamber. The air supply channel has an intake disposed a predetermined height above the floor to prevent combustible vapors from entering the combustion chamber. Vapor detectors and/or pressure sensors may be provided as added features to detect the presence of combustible vapors as well as the production of harmful carbon monoxide in the combustion chamber and to actuate the gas supply cut-off valve.

Abstract: A device for sensing a dangerous condition includes a sensor that provides a signal when a dangerous condition is sensed by the sensor. A power source is provided which is in communication with the sensor. The power source supplies the sensor with power. A trigger is provided which is in communication with the sensor. The trigger is activated by the signal to prevent the dangerous condition from producing a harmful effect. In one embodiment of the invention the power source is a thermoelectric power supply and the sensor is a self calibrating sensor.

Abstract: An explosion proof gas-tired water heater is comprised of a housing having a water reservoir provided with a sealed combustion chamber thereunder. A flue pipe is disposed above the combustion chamber and extends through the reservoir. A gas burner and pilot are provided in the combustion chamber. At least one air supply channel is provided to supply fresh air to the combustion chamber. The air supply channel has an intake disposed a predetermined height above the floor to prevent combustible vapors from entering the combustion chamber. Vapor detectors and/or pressure sensors may be provided as added features to detect the presence of combustible vapors as well as the production of harmful carbon monoxide in the combustion chamber and to actuate the gas supply cut-off valve.

Abstract: A fire suppressing water heater system is provided including a fire suppressing water heater system is provided including a water heater, fire detection means, spray means, and water transport means. The water heater will preferably include a cold water intake and a hot water return. The spray means are designed to activate when a fire is present in the proximity of the water heater so as to quickly extinguish the fire. Fire detecting means may be configured to activate the spray means when evidence of a fire, such as heat or smoke, for example, is detected. Furthermore, in the event of a fire, water transport means direct a quantity of water from the cold water intake of the water heater to the spray means.

Abstract: A gas-fired water heater has a combustion chamber with a bottom wall defined by a perforated flame arrestor plate forming a portion of a flow path through which combustion air may be supplied to a burner s structure within the combustion chamber. During firing of the water heater a combustion air shutoff system senses an undesirable temperature increase in the combustion chamber, caused by for example a partial blockage of the flow path, and responsively terminates further air flow into the combustion chamber, thereby shutting down the burner, prior to the creation in the combustion chamber of a predetermined elevated concentration of carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A gas-fired water heater has a combustion chamber with a bottom wall defined by a perforated flame arrestor plate forming a portion of a flow path through which combustion air may be supplied to a burner structure within the combustion chamber. During firing of the water heater a combustion air shutoff system senses an undesirable temperature increase in the combustion chamber, caused by for example a partial blockage of the flow path, and responsively terminates further air flow into the combustion chamber, thereby shutting down the burner, prior to the creation in the combustion chamber of a predetermined elevated concentration of carbon monoxide.