Abstract: A boiler system having a generally cylindrical housing or shell includes a main or fire tube with a furnace or combustion chamber extending longitudinally near the bottom of the housing and a burner to accomplish combustion within the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber opens at its rear end to furnace tube sheet, and to a first set of tubes extending longitudinally of the boiler. The first set of tubes extends to and through the rear tube sheet of the boiler to a turnaround space, which transitions to a second set of tubes located above the combustion chamber and first set of tubes to generally span a length extending from the rear tube sheet of the boiler to the front tube sheet. The boiler system as disclosed has a reduced size while maintaining efficiency in steam and hot water applications.

Abstract: An oil boiler includes an outer container having openings at opposite ends, a combustion chamber that covers an opening at an upper end of the outer container and in which a combustion reaction occurs, a lower cover that covers an opening at a lower end of the outer container, a plurality of flue tubes to heat heating water flowing in the outer container by guiding combustion gas, a burner including a fuel nozzle that sprays fuel, an air nozzle that injects air, and a spark plug that ignites a mixture of the fuel and the air, and a flame tube part that defines a tube space by surrounding a partial space in which the mixture is ignited, the flame tube part including a flame tube having an open lower end and a recirculation hole formed through the flame tube such that the combustion gas is introduced into the flame tube.

Abstract: A tube for a thermal transfer device can include a wall having a length and having an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the inner surface forms a cavity. The tube can also include at least one first dimple pressed into the wall toward the cavity at a first location along the length of the wall, where the inner surface of the wall at the at least one first dimple is separated from itself by a first distance. The tube can further include at least one second dimple pressed into the wall toward the cavity at a second location along the length of the wall, where the inner surface of the wall at the at least one second dimple is separated from itself by a second distance. The cavity can be configured to receive a fluid that flows continuously along a length of the at least one wall.

Abstract: Horizontal immersion tube boilers include a plurality of burner nozzles positioned in substantial alignment with a respective plurality of boiler tubes. Fuel-air mixture directed through the burner nozzles are ignited by a pilot flame system positioned proximate to the burner nozzles within a combustion chamber. The burner nozzles and pilot flame system receive air from a secondary air manifold having inlets that provide secondary air into the combustion chamber. The flames extending from the burner nozzles are directed into the respective boiler tubes, which exchange heat from the flame into water within a boiler shell. The secondary air inlets direct air around the burner nozzles and toward the boiler tubes, creating an air blanket around each burner nozzle for reducing turbulence and guide the flames into their respective boiler tubes. An improved flame arrestor within the nozzle prevents flame back-flow when modulating to lower firing rates.

Abstract: A heating apparatus comprising a tank having a tank inlet, a tank outlet, a heat exchanger inlet and heat exchanger outlet. A heat exchanger is located in the tank and comprises a hollow body having a mouth coupled to the heat exchanger inlet and a flue outlet coupled to the heat exchanger outlet. A burner device has a burner head that is located at least partly located in the mouth inside said hollow body.

Abstract: A tubular heat treatment apparatus comprising a number of tubes arranged in a number of groups. Each of the number of groups are arranged to process product within a pre-determined temperature interval. At least one of the groups is swept by a sheet such that heat transfer to or from the group is reduced.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for supplying heat includes a housing, a bundle of dual-ring, straight fin-coil tubes, and a flue channel. The housing includes a burner, a water inlet, a water outlet and a flue gas outlet. The burner is disposed on a top portion of the housing and connected to an air/gas mixture unit. The first group of fin tubes is disposed tightly, circularly, and coaxially around the burner. The flue channel is disposed below the burner and is formed by a second group of fin tubes. A flow of flue gas vents from the flue channel to the flue gas outlet. The water inlet is connected to the first group of fin tubes which forms the flue channel below the burner. The second group of fin tubes below the burner is connected to the first group of fin tubes. The first group of fin tubes is connected to the water outlet.

Abstract: The carbon-free fire tube boiler is a boiler for heating water by combustion of hydrocarbon fuels with oxygen. The boiler includes a housing defining first and second heat transfer stages. At least one oxygen transport reactor is received within the first heat transfer stage. The oxygen transport reactor includes an outer wall and an inner cylindrical ion transport membrane. The membrane receives pressurized air and separates gaseous oxygen therefrom, transporting the oxygen into an annular region between the membrane and the outer wall. The gaseous hydrocarbon fuel is delivered into the annular region for combustion, producing gaseous carbon dioxide and water vapor. A water reservoir is defined within the first and second stages, with the at least one oxygen transport reactor and at least one transfer tube passing therethrough. The carbon dioxide and the water vapor are delivered through the at least one transfer tube for heating water contained therein.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides a steam generation apparatus that is liquid fuel fired and addresses conversion of gaseous fuel SIB units to operate with liquid fuel. The invention also relates to a conversion unit for a steam injection boiler, a method for converting a steam injection boiler from gas firing to possible liquid fuel firing and a method for generating steam from a liquid fuel source. The invention employs a fired heater for heating the liquid fuel to a temperature suitable for firing and preheats the water to compensate for the shortfall in heat liberation when a gas boiler is converted to use liquid fuel. In another aspect of the invention, production of steam is achievable consistently by employing step-up heaters with a steam injection boiler. The heaters being connected in parallel to continue heating the water/steam to achieve a higher quality steam over that produced in the boiler while minimizing consideration as to the adverse effects of coil fouling in the boiler.

Abstract: A firetube boiler furnace having two combustion sections and an in-line intermediate tubular heat transfer section between the two combustion sections and integral to the pressure vessel. This design provides a staged oxidant combustion apparatus with separate in-line combustion chambers for fuel-rich primary combustion and fuel-lean secondary combustion and sufficient cooling of the combustion products from the primary combustion such that when the secondary combustion oxidant is added in the secondary combustion stage, the NOx formation is less than 5 ppmv at 3% O2.

Abstract: A water heater adapted to be mounted on the rooftop of a building includes a substantially cylindrical tank having a horizontally-oriented longitudinal axis. A U-shaped flue tube has a burner end and an exhaust end, both ends being mounted in a head portion of the tank. The legs of the flue tube define a flue plane that is preferably angled 30°-60° with respect to vertical. An inlet tube and an outlet tube also extend through the head of the tank. The inlet tube is positioned at the bottom of the tank and has holes that open downwardly only; the outlet tube is positioned at the top of the tank and has holes that open upwardly only. The tank is weather-tightly enclosed by a cabinet. A base member of the cabinet is supported by a roof curb and supports the water tank. The base member includes a drain opening for draining water from the inside the cabinet to the sewage system of the building, and a water pipe opening through which extend a plurality of pipes communicating with the tank.

Abstract: A boiler for generating steam and/or hot water is provided having a tank containing water, an outlet located proximal to the top of the tank, and a return inlet located proximal to the bottom of the tank. A substantially horizontal combustion conduit in heat transfer relationship with the water extends through the tank proximal to the outlet. A heat source in communication with the combustion conduit heats and drives the heated gas into the combustion conduit. A set of fire conduits in heat transfer relationship with the water and in communication with the combustion conduit, extend though said tank below the combustion conduit. When heated gas is driven into the combustion conduit, the heated gas flows through the combustion conduit, and then flows downwardly and then in a substantially transverse through the fire conduits, and heat is transferred to the water as the heated gas flows through the combustion conduit and fire conduits.

Abstract: A long-lasting hot water boiler. The boiler has a lower drum with a first pass fire-tube for generating combustion gases, an upper drum with a second pass fire-tube bundle for the gaseous products of combustion, and a lined fire reversing chamber for directing the gaseous products from the first pass to the second pass. The reversing chamber liner includes a saddle piece and a turnaround piece which cooperate to protect vulnerable weld joints adjacent the reversing chamber and which maintain proper positioning even after weld pins melt. The upper and lower drums are interconnected by an expansion joint which permits unequal thermal expansion of the drums, and a bypass circulation system prevents thermal shocking of the boiler.

Abstract: A coal-fired firetube boiler and a method for converting a gas-fired firetube boiler to a coal-fired firetube boiler, the converted boiler including a plurality of combustion zones within the firetube and controlled stoichiometry within the combustion zones.

Abstract: A steam boiler (2) including a fire tube (21) and convection heating surfaces (22) is preceded by a combustion chamber (30) including a surface burner (34) for high excess air. The combustion chamber (30) and the fire tube (21) are internally thermally insulated (33). The combustion air supply opening (37) of the burner (34) is connected by way of a blower (40) with an exhaust air source (1). A fuel control valve (36) is controlled as a function of the boiler load. A plurality of heat exchangers (47, 48, 49) are incorporated in the flue gas channel (45) following the convection heating surfaces (22). The most upstream heat exchanger (47) is connected on the water inlet side by way of a pump (51) to the water chamber (23) and on the water outlet side by way of a baffle (53) to the water-steam circuit of the boiler (2). With this system it is possible to purify all of the exhaust air from the exhaust air source (1) over a broad boiler (2) load range.

Abstract: A cyclone combustion apparatus includes a combustion chamber having a substantially cylindrical wall, a substantially cylindrical exit throat at the rear end of the combustion chamber, means for supplying fuel into the combustion chamber at a front end thereof, means for supplying air into the combustion chamber and for forming a cyclonic flow pattern of hot gases for combustion within the chamber, and heat exchange means surrounding and extending throughout the axial length of the combustion chamber. The means for supplying air includes a plenum chamber having an air inlet and an annular air supply opening in communication with and coaxial with the combustion chamber. The annular air supply opening has spaced radial vanes tilted at a selected angle from the axis of the combustion chamber. The means for supplying fuel includes a fuel plenum chamber having a fuel inlet and a plurality of radially spaced fuel holes for supplying fuel in the annular air supply opening between the spaced radial vanes.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus for staged combustion inside the Morison tube of a firetube boiler for lowering the concentration of NO.sub.x in the exhaust gases. Combustion occurs in a first and second stage, the first stage being sub-stoichiometric combustion and the second stage being above-stoichiometric combustion. In two embodiments of the combustion apparatus, the first stage combustion occurs directly adjacent the inlet end of the boiler furnace and the second stage combustion occurs inside the boiler furnace which acts as a combustion apparatus. In other embodiments of the combustion apparatus, both the first and second stage combustion occur inside the boiler furnace which acts as a combustion apparatus. Swirling and/or cyclonic combustion is utilized in the first and second stages of the combustion apparatus. There is provided heat exchange means surrounding and extending substantially throughout the axial length of the combustion chamber, i.e.

Abstract: A potable, hot water storage vessel is shown with a metallic body having a water inlet, water outlet and at least one additional opening communicating the vessel interior and exterior. A flexible, non-molded liner is installed within the vessel interior through the additional opening. The liner has integrally formed ports which extend through the vessel inlet and outlets to the exterior of the vessel body. A bolt-on flange is received on the vessel exterior at the inlet and outlet to form a seal with each of the liner ports.

Abstract: A boiler with a cyclonic combustor includes a first chamber which is substantially uncooled and refractory lined, a second chamber in fluid communication with the first chamber, ducts for supplying air and fuel directly into the first chamber and for forming a cyclonic flow pattern of hot gases for combustion within the first and second chambers, an exit throat at the end of the second chamber and a heat exchanger surrounding the second chamber for keeping low combustion temperature in both chambers.

Abstract: A submersible chamber water heater having improved efficiency. The water heater includes a tubular member that is mounted in an opening in the tank and defines a combustion chamber. A fuel-air mixture is supplied to a burner located within the combustion chamber and the waste gases of combustion are conducted from the combustion chamber into a series of heat exchanger tubes which are positioned beneath the combustion chamber and are then discharged to a flue. A conduit extends through the combustion chamber and the ends of the conduit communicate with the interior of the tank. One end of the conduit is at a higher level than the other, so that water flows by convection through the conduit to increase the efficiency of the heating operation.

Abstract: A cyclone combustion apparatus includes a combustion chamber having a substantially cylindrical wall, a substantially cylindrical exit throat at the rear end of the combustion chamber, means for supplying partially preburned fuel into the combustion chamber at a front end thereof, means for supplying secondary air into the combustion chamber and for forming a cyclonic flow pattern of hot gases for combustion within the chamber, and heat exchange means surrounding and extending throughout the axial length of the combustion chamber. The apparatus may also include a substantially cylindrical cooling chamber extending beyond the exit throat from the rear end of the combustion chamber and substantially longitudinally aligned with the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber, the exit throat and the annular secondary air supply opening are dimensioned and configured to effect a cyclonic flow pattern in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A boiler having a first pass furnace and a set of second pass tubes, a reversing recess proximate to the furnace and tubes for reversing the flow of gases between the furnace and tubes, and a rear access door providing access to the recess, in which there is an integral, self-sustaining reversing chamber sized and configured to fit within and be removably held within recess. The chamber is enclosed by walls on all sides thereof except the side facing the recess which is open and concave. The chamber is formed of loosely-packed ceramic fibers with air entrapped between said fibers to provide greater insulation.

Abstract: A system for utilizing a fuel having a high ash content, water content in excess of 50% and large particles of combustibles is shown which includes a holding tank for the fuel. Fuel is circulated in the holding tank to maintain the consistency of the fuel and a metered portion is removed, strained and fed to a combustion device. The combustion device is a fire tube boiler for generating steam and includes a furnace tube insulated with refractory material extending for its entire length. The system mixes a preselected amount of atomized fuel with combustion air and natural gas. Special ash and particulate accumulation means are provided in the boiler. The boiler also has a water spraying system in its combustion chamber to reduce combustion temperature and increases water content of the combustion mixture based on the temperature of the combustion gases at the end of the furnace tube. Finally, when the boiler is shut off, the entire system, including a bypass system, may be purged by air or water.

Abstract: An industrial gas operated liquid heater is provided comprising a tubular hearth or furnace a front end face of which is provided with a gas burner and a heat exchanger in which the liquid to be heated and the combustion fumes flow concurrently, the exchanger forming with said tubular hearth a unitary monobloc assembly so designed that the liquid to be heated forms, a first liquid sheet enclosing substantially the whole of the tubular hearth, except for said front end face receiving the gas burner and, in the exchanger, a plurality of second liquid sheets extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tubular hearth and adjacent, in said exchanger, to chambers through which flow the combustion fumes issuing from the tubular hearth.

Abstract: A heat exchanger which includes a casing having an outer tube and an inner tube fixed therein. Holes are formed in the inner tubes and face a heat transfer surface of the outer tube. Hot exhaust gas may be passed from an inlet of the outer tube into the inner tube, through the holes in the inner tube to an outlet. Coolant water may be passed through the casing from an inlet port to an outlet port. Baffles and/or twist coils may be provided to improve heat transfer.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a structural improvement in the burning chamber of a horizontal boiler, adopting a hollow flame-conducting element therein, which is attached with a pair of parallelly spirally fixed heat-convecting fins for either increasing the heat-absorbing area subjected to the emitted flame from the flame-generating device or creating a whirlpool effect for the propagating flame so that the flame can come into contact with the wall of the burning chamber in a more ideal way and change its propagating direction more smoothly at the corner, resulting in an increase in the thermal efficiency of the boiler, in such a manner that energy consumption as well as a pollution problem can be alleviated greatly.

Abstract: A water heater having improved efficiency. The water heater includes a tubular member that is mounted in an opening in the side of the tank and extends horizontally across the lower portion of the tank. The tubular member defines a combustion chamber. An elongated burner is positioned within the combustion chamber and includes an inner metal support screen and an outer layer of woven ceramic fabric. A fuel-air mixture is supplied to the interior of the burner and the fuel is ignited on the outer surface of the burner with heat being transferred to the water in the tank. The waste gases of combustion are discharged from the inner end of the tubular member and are directed into a series of heat exchange tubes which are positioned beneath the combustion chamber. The hot waste gases passing through the tubes act to transfer further heat to the water in the tank. The outer ends of the tubes extend through the wall of the tank and communicate with a collector which is connected to a flue.

Abstract: Halogenated hydrocarbon waste materials are burned in a horizontal fire tube boiler. In the disclosed and illustrated embodiments, liquid and/or gaseous waste of highly chlorinated hydrocarbons (often, very inert content) are input along with a flow of fuel oil or gas as required to increase combustion temperature. While high combustion temperatures are achieved, a stable flame front is established. A refractory lined combustion chamber of substantial length is incorporated to contain the flame front near adiabatic conditions for sufficient dwell time so that the combustion gases leaving the vicinity achieve near complete combustion. Before entering the water jacket boiler furnace tube the temperature of the flue gas is dropped to a level enabling the use of standard materials of construction of the tube sheets of the boiler, where the fire tube boiler is most vulnerable to corrosion from excessive temperatures and condensation of chlorinated hydrocarbons reacting on the interior thereof.

Abstract: A water heater having a burner unit and a combustion chamber from which the combustion gases are discharged and deflected into an annular out-flow space through which they flow along a heat exchanger to an exhaust outlet in the area of the burner unit. The outer casing of the heat exchanger is made of plastic and together with a metal inner casing define a ring-shaped space through which water flows as a liquid heat transfer medium. The outer casing made of plastic is connected with the inner casing made of metal in a gas-tight and pressure-resistant way that is also stable with respect to temperature changes. The result is a reduction in weight of the water heater because of the formation of the outer casing of plastic, and the efficiency of the water heater can be improved by the fact that the losses through heat radiating from the outer casing can be reduced.

Abstract: The boiler comprises a primary furnace in which the combustion reactions are initiated, a secondary furnace extended by a radiating tube in which the combustion reactions are terminated, a heating surface disposed around the radiating tube and means for causing the combustion gases issuing from the radiating tube to pass into the annular space between the radiating tube and the heating surface. The secondary combustion radiating tube comprises two coaxial chambers, the first chamber terminating in a convergent part which directs the combustion gases toward the second chamber and the second chamber being closed at its end and having at its entrance a diameter larger than the diameter of the end of the convergent part so as to define with the end of the convergent part an annular opening through which the combustion gases injected into the second chamber are discharged. Means are provided for circulating the gases thus discharged in the annular space between said heating surface and the second chamber.

Abstract: A shell boiler is disclosed having apparatus for feeding solid fuel to a furnace grate, contained within a furnace tube of the boiler, downwardly through the steam and/or water space of the boiler. The apparatus for feeding solid fuel to the furnace grate comprises a device for classifying and separating fine particles of fuel, having a particle size below a predetermined size, from the remainder of the fuel and feeding the fine particles into the furnace tube at a different location to that at which the remainder of the fuel is introduced into the furnace tube. The fine particles may be fed through a grit arrestor and fed into the furnace tube along with the grit separated by the grit arrestor.

Abstract: Heating equipment for supplying steam and heated gas, including a combustion chamber from which come flue gases which flow through an enclosure, heating on the way at least one bundle of tubes in which water flows and gives off steam, and which further includes at least one bundle of tubes traversed by a gas and located in the enclosure so as to be heated by the flue gases from the combustion chamber.

Abstract: This invention relates to boilers more particularly to shell boilers and improvements in their operation.In more detail this specification describes and claims a boiler comprising a housing, an inlet for leading a fuel or a fuel/gas mixture into a combustion chamber, at least one array of pipes in series with the combustion chamber, an exit for leading exhaust gases away from the boiler and means for cooling the pipes and the combustion chamber, characterized in that the boiler includes a catalyst disposed in such a position that at least a proportion of any unburnt fuel leaving the combustion chamber undergoes catalytic combustion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to wet type water box boiler having five smoke-flues characterized by that the hot gas produced by the combustion is subject to twice of heat exchange with the water box in its route, thereby allowing an operating temperature of 1900.degree. C. and enhancing the heat efficiency to 95%.

Abstract: A heating boiler comprises separate furnaces for oil and solid fuel. The oil combustion chamber can be connected directly to flues in contact with water via an afterburning chamber (11) common to the two furnaces. The connection (22) between the oil-combustion chamber (8) and the afterburner chamber can be shut off by a damper (25). Instead a connection is opened between the oil combustion chamber and the furnace (9) for solid fuel via an ash compartment and a grate (20) under the furnace for solid fuel. Through the arrangement with the damper (25) a number of possible variations can be obtained depending on the actual heat requirements.

Abstract: A boiler provided with a burner chamber for a burner firing system and a combustion chamber for a solid fuel firing system, both chambers being arranged horizontally side by side in a common boiler water space enclosed by a horizontal outer boiler body. The combustion chamber has an approximately elliptical cross-section with vertical major diameter and the burner chamber has a round cross-section, the longitudinal center lines of both chambers being substantially at the same level. Both chambers are connected at their front ends with two separate horizontal ancillary heating passages extending axially parallel above the chambers within the boiler water space and having rectangular cross-sections with horizontal major cross-sectional dimensions and with internal comb-like ribbings. The outer boiler body is made of a metal sheet shaped in one piece by rolling into a hollow body of non-circular roundish cross-section.

Abstract: A boiler for heating liquid which combines a source of hot gases directed first along the inner wall of an annular tank in a tortuous path formed by fins disposed upon the inner wall and then along the outer wall of the tank through a jet-impingement heat transfer system.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel liquid heater and more particulary to a water heater having a crescent-shaped heat receiving heat exchanger and element therefor.

Abstract: A fire tube for a heating boiler comprising two metal tube halves each having a base portion and two leg portions projecting at an angle from the base portion, the tube halves being disposed relative to one another such that the terminating ends of the leg portions abut one another and are joined by welding. A plurality of substantially U-shaped elements extend longitudinally within the fire tube, each of the U-shaped elements having a base section and projecting leg sections, the base sections being welded to the base portion of one of the tube halves, the leg sections being parallel to one another and extending substantially across the width of the fire tube.

Abstract: A double-fired heating boiler includes first and second combustion chambers positioned within a common boiler water chamber and adapted to be fired respectively by gas or oil and by solid fuel. A collector for the combustion gases produced by the burning of the fluid and solid fuel is provided. Separate exhaust conduit systems having ancillary heat exchange surfaces are connected to the respective combustion chambers and to the collector.

Abstract: Halogenated hydrocarbon materials are burned in an internally-fired horizontal fire-tube boiler and the heat of combustion directly produces saturated steam. Halogen values may be recovered from the combustion gases, e.g., by being absorbed in water. Thus halogenated hydrocarbon material which may need to be disposed of, is beneficially converted to energy and useful product.

Abstract: A steel heating boiler for liquid or gaseous fuels, with a water-bearing housing, between the front and rear walls of which is arranged in a liquid-tight manner a cylindrical installation unit consisting of combustion chamber and fuel-gas flues. The steel heating boiler which is intended for the operation of hot-water heating systems is distinguished by the fact that the installation unit, whose combustion chamber and fuel-gas flues are provided with a corrosion-resistant lining known per se, has on the inside end closure members included in the lining, whose outside diameter is larger than the outside diameter of the installation unit, the outer peripheral edges of the end closure members being connected to the opening edges of the front and rear walls in a liquid-tight way and at least the inside diameter of the burner-side end closure member being made smaller than the inside diameter of the installation unit.

Abstract: An industrial boiler comprising a combustion chamber having a furnace therein, means for feeding products of combustion from the combustion chamber to a heat exchanger to heat water/stream therein, a pyrolytic retort, means to feed said products of combustion into heat transfer relationship with the retort to pyrolize material therein and means to feed products of pyrolysis from the retort.

Abstract: A multi-fuel boiler is provided in which coal is burned in combination with oil or gas in such manner that the particulate emission from the coal, normally relatively high, is reduced to a level comparable to oil. In one example, coal of a quality that would normally burn with a Bacharach smoke spot test number of 6 can be burned with a test number below 2.This is accomplished by utilization of a horizontal oil or gas flame directed across the flue gas exit of the combustion chamber in opposition to the flow of coil combustion gases to change the normal flow pattern of the combustion gases. This creates turbulence, which provides additional combustion time at combustion temperatures in the presence of excess air.

Abstract: A boiler having a hot gas generator for burning liquid or gaseous fuels. The hot gas generator comprises a combustion chamber unit, into the combustion chamber of which the fuel and air for combustion are introduced and in which the combustion of the fuel takes place. The combustion gases are conveyed out of the combustion chamber into a water cooled boiler firebox. A compressor supplies the air for combustion into the combustion chamber unit. A flue gas conduit, which leads to the flue gas vent of the boiler, at its inlet end, which is connected with the boiler firebox, is connected with the air intake of the compressor of the hot gas generator for recirculating a regulatable amount of flue gases into the combustion chamber unit of the hot gas generator. The flue gas conduit offers a resistance to the flow of flue gas therein, which resistance is greater than the chimney draft force present in the flue gas vent of the boiler.

Abstract: Halogenated hydrocarbon materials are burned in an internally-fired horizontal fire-tube boiler and the heat of combustion directly produces saturated steam. Halogen values may be recovered from the combustion gases, e.g., by being absorbed in water. Thus halogenated hydrocarbon material which may need to be disposed of, is beneficially converted to energy and useful product.

Abstract: A boiler for the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels comprises a water-carrying housing in which is provided a cylindrical chamber for receiving the combustion chamber and the fuel gas flues, with a reversion chamber coupled ahead thereof, and with the chamber being surrounded by a plurality of circumferentially distributed flue channels disposed in spaced and side-by-side relationship and in cross section formed by approximately U-shaped sheet metal profiles, which channels are in communication with a flue gas collecting chamber provided with a flue gas discharge and are connected by longitudinal welding seams to the inner wall of the cylindrical chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for feeding solid fuel to a furnace grate comprising a conduit adapted, in use, to extend downwards through the roof of the furnace, means for feeding solid fuel to the conduit above the lower end thereof said means including at least one fuel propulsion element and drive means to cause the element to move to propel the fuel in a desired direction and means to cause a rapid deceleration in the movement of the element whereby any fuel adhering to the element is flung therefrom.

Abstract: An industrial boiler installation, comprising an outer continuous shell within which is contained the water space of the boiler, a furnace and a plurality of smoke tubes for passage therethrough of the products of combustion of the furnace and the boiler having at least two fuel supply means, at least one of which extends through the shell and the water space, one of the fuel supply means supplying HCV fuel to the furnace and the other supplying LCV fuel to the furnace.

Abstract: A fluid fuel boiler having a combustion chamber having an opening for introducing a combustion supporting gaseous fluid. A burner introduces a liquid fuel into the combustion chamber mixed with the gaseous fluid for combustion thereof. Water-heating flow paths are disposed circumferentially and axially of the combustion chamber. Axial hot gas flow paths deliver hot gases from a downstream portion of the combustion chamber to a plurality of nozzles for diverting some of the hot gases along axially spaced paths in a direction circumferentially of the combustion chamber. These latter hot gas flow paths are immersed in the flow paths of the water to improve heat transfer.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThis invention relates generally to boilers and more particularly to a new and improved modular boiler.