Abstract: This invention relates to the design of direct fired heaters which consist of vertically oriented refractory lined enclosures containing tubular heat transfer elements, the elements partially surrounding a cluster of burners. The burners fire gaseous fuel and generate high temperature combustion products which allow for the transfer of heat , by radiation and convection, from the combustion products to the heat transfer elements and the continuous flow of process fluid contained therein. The transferred heat raises the temperature of the fluid from the design temperature at the inlet to the design temperature at the outlet, at a heat transfer rate commensurate with the temperature differential existing at any given location.

Abstract: This invention relates to the design of direct fired heaters which consist of vertically oriented refractory lined enclosures containing tubular heat transfer elements, the elements partially surrounding a cluster of burners. The burners fire gaseous fuel and generate high temperature combustion products which allow for the transfer of heat, by radiation and convection, from the combustion products to the heat transfer elements and the continuous flow of process fluid contained therein. The transferred heat raises the temperature of the fluid from the design temperature at the inlet to the design temperature at the outlet, at a heat transfer rate commensurate with the temperature differential existing at any given location.

Abstract: An improved process and article of manufacture to advance heater performance and reduce the cost of delayed coker charge heaters. Such improved performance is realized by routing delayed coker feedstock through a double row, double fired, heating conduit thus creating a channel to contain previously heated flue gas and resulting in the introduction of downflow, backside convective heat transfer to the interior portion of the heating conduit. When replacing the present art's single row coker tubes with the double row heating conduit afforded by the instant invention, the backside convective heat transfer introduced to the interior portion of the heating conduit eliminates the necessity of double firing the present art's single row coker heater tubes to achieve similar results.

Abstract: An improved process and article of manufacture to effectuate pressure reduction in a delayed coker charge heater's radiant heat section outlet and feedstock process coil, by upflowing coker feedstock through a single or double row, single or double fired, feedstock process coil. The innovative upflowing of coker feedstock as disclosed by the present invention allows BFW/Steam injection and vaporizing hydrocarbons to rise in the same flow direction as the coker feedstock, resulting in an enhanced mixing of fluid film and coker feedstock. Such enhanced mixing, in turn, increases heat transfer rates to the feedstock. As coker charge heater burners are commonly located in the bottom of the heater, the lower portion of the heater is typically the location of highest processing temperatures and tube side fouling.

Abstract: An improved reheater for a moisture separator reheater is provided with a header having first and second baffles disposed therein, dividing the interior of the header into inlet, recirculation and outlet flow chambers. The improved reheater also includes two bundles of U-shaped tubes communicating with the header via a tube sheet. Each tube of the first bundle communicates with the header at the inlet and recirculation chambers. Each tube of the second bundle communicates with the header at the recirculation and outlet flow chambers. This arrangement effects a four-pass recirculation of reheating fluid through the improved reheater. Drains are provided at both the recirculation and outlet flow chambers to prevent condensate flooding and any resulting thermal cycling and rupture of the tubes.