Abstract: Modern steam generators typically include a radiant section and a convection section. Due to differing performance requirements of the radiant and convection sections, the radiant section often has a round cross-section, while the convection section often has a rectangular cross-section. Previous designs utilized a target wall to effect the transition. An angled transition section is disclosed herein that substantially eliminates the target wall and/or the reverse target and provides a corresponding improvement in steam generator efficiency.

Abstract: A device constituting an improved boiler design. The heat exchanger, known in the art as a pancake, is composed of an asymmetrical grid of interconnected hollow eliptical conduits through which flow the heat transfer fluid. In one embodiment of the invention, two pancakes are connected in series in such a way that their asymmetry is complementary. Such an arrangement is claimed to increase the efficiency of heat transfer and reduce the frequency of cleaning of the boiler when compared to boilers in the known art.

Abstract: A cast metal heat exchanger (e.g. of iron or aluminum) for a hot water boiler having a plurality of flueways and waterways and which is rectangular in plan view down onto the flueways with the waterways extending parallel to the minor rectangular axis. A method of manufacturing a cast metal waterway section of cuboid volume less than 4500 mls for a heat exchanger (which comprises casting the metal into a mould with the waterway core vertically disposed. A heat exchanger comprising a plurality of such sections can be formed integrally by vertically casting such a plurality simultaneously in one mould.

Abstract: A fluid heater embodies an upright shell with discs vertically arrayed in the shell interior. The discs are angled and configured induce spiral upward flow of hot gases, in external contact with the discs which themselves contain or pass fluid to be heated.

Abstract: A fluid heating apparatus includes a thermally insulated housing divided by a thermally insulated vertical partition into a flue passage and a heat exchange chamber, the partition having top and bottom openings providing communication between the passage and the upper and lower ends of the chamber. A heat exchanger comprising an array of pipes and fins is arranged in the chamber such that an air plenum is provided above the heat exchanger and a firebox is provided below the heat exchanger. The fire box is lined with firebrick and a plurality of electric heating elements are arranged in the firebox. A fan is provided in the housing for circulating air from the flue passage, through the lower opening to the firebox, over the heating elements, up over the heat exchanger to the plenum and through the top opening to the flue passage. Means are provided for circulating fluid to be heated through the pipes of the heat exchanger to a point of use, e.g. the heat exchanger of a residential air heating system.

Abstract: A water and room heating unit for extracting heat from combustible material. The heating unit includes a firebox chamber formed from a plurality of water chambers that are arranged in a U-shape and are interconnected by a first network of pipes which also function as grates and a second network of heat extracting pipes having radial fins projecting therefrom. The firebox includes an air combustion control and a flue for extracting heat from the combusted gases to heat the surrounding atmosphere.