Abstract: A heat transfer fluid comprising about 20 to about 80% by weight terphenyls and from about 20 to about 80% by weight partially hydrogenated terphenyls, wherein preferably the terphenyls and partially hydrogenated terphenyls comprise a reclaimed product from a degraded heat transfer fluid initially comprised primarily of partially hydrogenated terphenyls.

Abstract: An evacuated tube boiler comprised of one or more evacuated tubes and a header, operatively connected to form a common internal volume. The internal volume further containing a first heating fluid. A conduit system conducting a second heating fluid through the header and first heating fluid. One or more artificial light sources in proximity to the evacuated tubes. In operation, the artificial light sources radiate light and/or thermal energy to the evacuated tubes whereby the first heating fluid is efficiently heated. The conduit system conducts the second heating fluid through the header and first heating fluid, whereby heat from the first heating fluid is transferred to the second heating fluid. The conduit system conducts the second heating fluid to the point of use. The apparatus may be used in a hydronic boiler heating system for heating a dwelling.

Abstract: A vaporizer for thermally vaporizing solid or liquid carrier materials is taught. The vaporizer includes a support member, and an air heating assembly carried by the support member. The air heating assembly includes a radiating element having a central tubular member with an upper end wall defining a reservoir for liquid carrier materials and a lower end wall spaced apart from the upper end wall defining an air chamber therebetween. A chamber element is received about the radiating element to close the air chamber and direct airflow therethrough. A heating element is carried within the tubular member of the radiating element. A hand piece including a vaporization chamber is couplable to an exit aperture of the chamber element.

Abstract: A method for producing a header from a steel blank. The header has a boss and being of the type that is welded in use to a cylindrical wall to produce a hot water tank subassembly. The boss is interiorly threaded to define a threaded pressure vessel connection. The method includes the steps of extruding the boss in the steel blank and tapping the thread.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device comprising an evaporator; and a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger being in fluid communication with evaporator; evaporator comprising an outer casing; and an inner casing that is disposed within the outer casing; the inner casing contacting a plate; wherein the inner casing encloses a first conduit that is operative to introduce a carrier fluid into evaporator; and a second conduit that is operative to remove carrier fluid entrained with a precursor; wherein the outer casing is detachably attached to the plate; the plate contacting a first precursor conduit that is operative to introduce the precursor into evaporator from the heat exchanger; where the heat exchanger is disposed proximate to evaporator at a distance effective to maintain the precursor in evaporator at a substantially constant temperature when the ambient temperature around the heat exchanger and evaporator fluctuates by an amount of up to about ±35° C.

Abstract: A heat transfer system comprises a plurality of cells, a plurality of heating elements, and a controller for independently controlling the plurality of heating elements. The heat transfer system is capable of maintaining a fluid temperature within a predetermined range. A second pump pumps fluid through a heat exchanger in operative relationship with the blower upon a call for heat.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to apparatuses used for the heating of water and relates more specifically to water heaters in which the volume of water heated and stored may be fluctuated in response to the changing demand for heated water. The household demand for hot water depends on a variety of factors, including the number of people living in the household. It is therefore desirable to have a water heater in which the amount of water heated and stored may be varied so as to compensate for the changing hot water demand. The present invention is a variable volume water heater that can be used to accomplish this goal of matching the supply and demand of heated water.

Abstract: A water heater includes a substantially cylindrical tank having a cold water inlet, a hot water outlet, and an exhaust flue. The cold water inlet is disposed adjacent the lower end of the tank to prevent condensation from occurring between the cold water inlet and the exhaust flue. A T connector having an inlet and first and second outlets is connected to the cold water inlet. A flush valve is connected to the second outlet of the T connector to allow the tank to be flushed. A nozzle is connected to the cold water inlet and is disposed inside the tank. The nozzle is angled to swirl the water that is being placed into the tank so that sediment is lifted into the water. The nozzle may be angled downwardly to stir up sediment from the bottom of the tank.

Abstract: A sanitary fluid heater includes a corrosion resistant stainless steel housing, a stainless steel cap securely positioned over an open end of the housing, and a heating element disposed within the housing. The cap defines an internal cavity which includes an internal wall having an aperture therethrough for receiving an end of the heating element which extends beyond the open end of the housing to form a corrosion resistant hermetic seal over the open end of the housing. Fluid contacting inner surfaces of the housing and the cap are polished smooth. In one embodiment, inlet and outlet fittings are attached to the housing to define, respectively, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The inlet and outlet each have a sanitary fitting at an end thereof which faces a corresponding sanitary fitting of a respective fluid inlet or fluid outlet line. Gaskets placed between facing sanitary fittings and clamps form fluid-tight connections between the facing sanitary fittings.

Abstract: Apparatus for heating and storing water comprises a tank 10 for holding a quantity of water 15 within a space 11 between studs 12 in a wall or like surface 13 of a room 14. An inlet conduit 16 conveys water into the tank 10, and an outlet conduit 17 conveys water out of it and on to another entity 36. A heater 32, spaced apart from the tank 10, receives water from a supply source at a lower temperature, heats it to a higher temperature, and communicates the heated water to the inlet conduit 16. Reinforcing structural members 25 and locator tabs 22 allow for economic construction and ease of installation. A typical tank 10 comprises a hollow parallelopiped having its front surface member 20 in the plane of the surface 13 of the room 14 and its back surface in a plane behind that of the surface 13.

Abstract: The present invention provides for an improved hot water tank assembly. The improved hot water tank assembly is provided with a access port. This access port provides adequate space to remove accumulated sediment and debris from the interior area of the hot water tank. By removing sediment and debris from the interior area of the hot water tank a buildup of sediment on the elements will not occur. This will increase element efficiency and decrease operating costs. Element and hot water tank assembly life spans will both be increased. The present invention also provide for a tool having a unique design and configuration to assist in the process of removing sediment and debris from the interior of the hot water tank assembly.

Abstract: In a liquid heating apparatus according to the present invention, an internal drum is arranged at a space from and in an external drum, a combustion gas descending chamber is provided therebetween, an outer water chamber having a hot water outlet port and a water supply port in the upper and lower sections thereof is provided outside the combustion gas descending chamber, an inner water chamber communicating with communicating tubes in the upper and lower sections to the outer water chamber is provided inside the combustion gas descending chamber, a combustion chamber communicating to the combustion gas descending chamber in the upper section is provided inside the internal drum, and exhaust port is provided under the combustion gas descending chamber, a smoke collecting chamber having a larger cross-sectional area than that of said exhaust port is provided under the exhaust port, and a smoke exhaust port is provided in this smoke collecting chamber.

Abstract: A clamping apparatus for use in applying foam resin insulation between the tank and the outer jacket of a water heater. The jacket of the water heater is spaced outwardly of the tank to provide a space that receives a foamable resin, such as polyurethane. The upper end of the jacket is enclosed by a thin, sheet metal cover. To clamp the cover to the jacket and prevent deformation of the cover due to the pressure of the resin foam, a clamping mechanism is utilized which includes a plate or clamping member that is positioned flatwise against the cover, and a clamp assembly secures the clamping plate to the upper end of a flue, or other tubular opening in the tank. In a preferred form, the clamping mechanism consists of a resilient, expandable plug which is inserted within the opening in the tank and is expanded outwardly into tight engagement with the wall bordering the opening to secure the clamping plate to the tank.

Abstract: The invention relates to a boiler for boiling a mash or wort, having an interior partition dividing the boiler into a heat exchanger section and a precipitation section. The boiler according to the invention is characterized in that the partition divides the boiler into an inner precipitation section and a surrounding heat exchanger section, i.e. in that the precipitation section and the heat exchanger section are disposed one within the other. This results in the particular advantage that the overall height of the boiler may be reduced. Since in addition the full height of the boiler is available for the accommodation of pipe conduits in the heat exchanger section, the flow resistance in the pipe conduits may be reduced. In summary, the boiler according to the invention is of simple construction to thereby facilitate the cleaning thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved hot water heater and more particularly to a hot water heater which is normally utilized in conjunction with a hydronic boiler. The hot water heater has a single opening which is closed by a removable cover plate. The tank is provided with a corrosion resistant lining which also defines the opening and is so related to the tank so as to resist fracture under normal usage. The single cover plate carries all fluid connections of the tank and by removing the cover plate, all components of the hot water heater may be removed from within the tank for repair or replacement. The components carried by the cover plate include a hot water supply pipe or tube which extends through the heat exchange coil and terminates in an opening near the top of the tank. This tube or pipe is preferably formed of an insulated material or is insulated so that hot water passing therethrough is not cooled by the colder water in the bottom of the tank.

Abstract: A liquid or solid fuel-fired boiler for a central heating system is disclosed comprising a combustion chamber and a heat exchanger arranged therearound and connected in a heating fluid circuit comprising an upper header and a lower header interconnected by straight, parallel spaced apart tubular elements for communication therebetween. The tubular elements are disposed along the lateral sides and the back side of the boiler and are embedded in refractory material. Cylindrical interstitial spaces are formed between the tubular elements and the surrounding refractory material to prevent stresses. Flow passages between the tubular elements and the headers are of progressively decreasing cross-sectional area from the back to the front of the boiler thus improving heating fluid flow and temperature uniformity. The lower edge of a cowl defines a throttle passage with the refractory material to control the flow of flue gases to the flue duct.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the purification of an organic heat transfer fluid without thermal degradation which comprises passing contaminated transfer fluid to a purification zone wherein the fluid is heated to produce a vapor-liquid phase in which the liquid fraction thereof is caused to flow in a narrow flowpath within the purification zone to insure maximum purification temperature and minimum purification zone vessel wall temperature. The heating may be effected by an electric resistance heating means such as bayonet-type electric heaters.