Abstract: A tuned cavity rotating detonation combustion system includes a an annular chamber having an inlet and an outlet; a valve plate at the inlet of the annular chamber and comprising a plurality of openings spaced circumferentially around the inlet; a plurality of tubes each having an open end in communication with a corresponding opening of the valve plate and a closed end forming a tuned cavity, and a first opening between the open end and the closed end for injection of air; and a plurality of fuel injectors corresponding to the plurality of tubes, each fuel injector being configured to inject fuel into the tube between the first opening and the open end. Each of the tuned cavities has a length sized to resonate at a same frequency as a continuous detonation frequency of at least one detonation wave in the annular chamber.

Abstract: A downhole steam generation system may include a burner head assembly, a liner assembly, a vaporization sleeve, and a support sleeve. The burner head assembly may include a sudden expansion region with one or more injectors. The liner assembly may include a water-cooled body having one or more water injection arrangements. The system may be optimized to assist in the recovery of hydrocarbons from different types of reservoirs. A method of recovering hydrocarbons may include supplying one or more fluids to the system, combusting a fuel and an oxidant to generate a combustion product, injecting a fluid into the combustion product to generate an exhaust gas, injecting the exhaust gas into a reservoir, and recovering hydrocarbons from the reservoir.

Abstract: A downhole steam generation system may include a burner head assembly, a liner assembly, a vaporization sleeve, and a support sleeve. The burner head assembly may include a sudden expansion region with one or more injectors. The liner assembly may include a water-cooled body having one or more water injection arrangements. The system may be optimized to assist in the recovery of hydrocarbons from different types of reservoirs. A method of recovering hydrocarbons may include supplying one or more fluids to the system, combusting a fuel and an oxidant to generate a combustion product, injecting a fluid into the combustion product to generate an exhaust gas, injecting the exhaust gas into a reservoir, and recovering hydrocarbons from the reservoir.

Abstract: A flow conditioning device (30, 50, 70, 100, 150) for a can annular gas turbine engine, including a plurality of flow elements (32, 34, 52, 54, 72, 74, 102) disposed in a compressed air flow path (42, 60, 80, 114, 122) leading to a combustor (12), configured such that relative adjustment of at least one flow directing element (32, 52, 72, 110) with respect to an adjacent flow directing element (34, 54, 74, 112, 120) during operation of the gas turbine engine is effective to adjust a level of choking of the compressed air flow path (42, 60, 80, 114, 122).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a glass meting furnace comprising a channel-shaped melting tank, the batch materials being introduced at an upstream end, the molten glass being recovered at the downstream end, said furnace being heated by means of burners, in which the combustion energy is produced by oxy-fuel combustion in respect of at least 65% thereof, the burners being distributed on the walls along the length of the furnace, in which flue gas discharge is mostly localized close to the upstream end near the openings through which the batch materials are introduced, the rest of the flue gas being removed close to the downstream part so as to maintain dynamic sealing with respect to the surrounding atmosphere.

Abstract: The present application provides a pulsed detonation cleaning system for cleaning an enclosed structure. The pulsed detonation cleaning system may include a pulsed detonation combustor cleaner and an external fuel-air flow. The pulsed detonation combustor cleaner delivers the external fuel-air flow into the enclosed structure and ignites the external fuel-air flow to clean the enclosed structure.

Abstract: The present application provides a pulse detonation combustor heat exchanger. The pulse detonation combustor heat exchanger may include one or more pulse detonation combustors creating combustion gases therein, one or more inner pathways positioned about the pulse detonation combustors, and a working medium flowing in the inner pathways so as to exchange heat with the combustion gases in the pulse detonation combustors.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an efficient heat generation device where fuel is burnt in a pressure gain combustion process. The heat generating system has an inner combustion chamber that is housed in heat exchangers. The combustion chamber walls, in one form, include fluid conduits. While different fluids could be utilized, water is most common and the term water herein is intended to define water and all functional equivalents. The water conduits (tubes) may be multi-pass longitudinal, parallel to the combustor axis or they may be winded around the combustion chamber in a spiral fashion. The combustion products exiting the combustion chamber enter the outer liner where water tube bundles extract the heat of the combustion. One embodiment also utilizes an air preheating stage. Heated water and steam generated in the heat exchanger stages wrapped around the combustor enters the final heating stage where it passes through the flame accelerators in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a use of pulsed combustion to convert chemical energy to usable heat. For example, in boilers, heat is generated by burning fuel at burners and transferring the heat to water or other fluids, including air, through heat exchangers. In one form, these heated fluids may then be utilized to assist in removing oil from oil sand reservoirs.

Abstract: The invention consists of a pulse combustor, comprising two spaced apart outer plates, the outer plates having flat outer regions, conical regions inside of the flat regions and central hubs, where the volume between conical regions of the plates defines a combustion chamber. The pulse combustor further comprises a plurality of intermediate plates located between the outer plates, the plurality of intermediate plates being spaced apart to form tailpipe regions therebetween and between the outer plates and adjacent ones of the intermediate plates and a burner coupled to one of the hubs, the burner operative to ignite a fuel/air mixture in the combustion chamber. The outer and intermediate plates have spiral coolant passageways therein for conducting cooling fluid to cool expanding gases traveling between the plates through the tailpipe regions. The invention further consists of a burner assembly for use in a combustion chamber.

Abstract: A gasifier system and process comprises a pulse combustion device in communication with a fluid channel for producing a gas stream having heat or fuel value. The pulse combustion device is operated under sub-stoichiometric conditions such that combustion and steam reforming both occur in the fluid channel. The pulse combustion device also produces a pulsating combustion product stream and an acoustic pressure wave. The acoustic pressure wave serves to cause agglomeration of particles contained within the combustion stream for easy removal. In one embodiment, a sulfur capturing agent is injected into the fluid channel for not only removing sulfur from the combustion product stream but for also facilitating particle agglomeration. Ultimately, a gas stream containing hydrogen is produced that may be used in various processes, such as in the production of electricity.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a flow control system, comprising a controller, an ignition device whose activation is controlled by the controller, a combustion-driven jet actuator, and a fuel source in fluid communication with the jet actuator that supplies fuel to the jet actuator. Typically, the jet actuator comprises a combustion chamber, an orifice that serves as an outlet for combustion products emitted from the combustion chamber, and at least one inlet through which fuel is supplied to the chamber for combustion. In use, the combustion-based jet actuator can emit jets of fluid at predetermined frequencies.

Abstract: A pulsating combustor has a plurality of annular plate elements (12), which are stacked in spaced vertical alignment so as to define a central space (14). There is a plurality of slot-like passages (18), one such passage between each adjacent pair of elements. There is at least one combustion chamber (21) in communication with at least one slot-like passage. Fuel and combustion air are fed into the combustion chambers. There is a spark plug for igniting a fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber. Preferably there is a first housing (24) defining the combustion chamber and another housing defining a collection chamber for combustion gases emerging from the passages.

Abstract: A pulsed combustion high capacity boiler has air inlet flapper valves at an inlet air decoupler toward a combustion chamber, with a fuel supply and an ignitor upstream of the combustion chamber along a flow path. The combustion chamber is immersed in a water jacket, and downstream of the combustion chamber a plurality of exhaust pipes are immersed in the water jacket and lead to an exhaust decoupler. The exhaust decoupler is disposed outside of the water at the periphery of the unit. An orifice assembly along the flow path defines a flow restriction producing turbulence and preferably serially combines a reduction in cross sectional area followed by a diverter having vanes to induce further turbulence. The ignitor and fuel supply are enabled by a controller that senses spark and combustion flame, and also enables a blower at least during a startup interval. The air inlet flapper admits air, opening and closing at a resonant frequency during combustion.

Abstract: A boiler having a combustor for combusting an air/gas fuel mixture, the combustor including a heat exchanger which conducts coolant therethrough surrounding the combustion chamber and a fan coupled to an air line provides a flow rate of air in the air line. A gas line is coupled at one end to a source of gas and at another end to the air line so as to produce a mixture of gas and air. Means for measuring a property of the air/gas fuel mixture characteristic of its combustibility are utilized. A valve coupled to said gas line is operative to control a flow rate of gas in response to a control signal from the means for measuring. A temperature sensor takes a temperature measurement of the coolant after passing through the heat exchanger and transmits the temperature measurement to the speed control unit. The speed control unit slows down the speed of the fan when the coolant temperature approaches a preset limit.

Abstract: A hot water boiler and steam generator uses pulse combustion in order to efficiently heat water or other suitable working fluid. The exhaust system has a greater flow resistance adjacent the combustion chamber so that a self-sustaining and continuous pulse combustion can be maintained at thermal equilibrium with higher water temperatures and lower exhaust flue temperatures.

Abstract: A direct contact gas-to-liquid method and system for heating a liquid with a burning source being wholly submerged and producing-power is disclosed. A liquid is heated by an internal combustion engine means, which is submerged in a container and can utilize the inherent swelling power from the burning gases in the engine means to draw large air into the engine means to support the burning without any other drift device, and to further drive other devices supplying and heating the liquid in the heating method and the heating system.

Abstract: A burner for pulsating combustion includes an explosion chamber which on the inlet side connects on to a supply tube for combustion air and a supply tube for fuel. On the outlet side is connected one or more discharge tubes for the combustion gases. The invention provides a burner for pulsating combustion which produces considerably less noise than the known devices. This is achieved by providing the explosion chamber with a widening on the outlet side and connecting the discharge tube(s) to this widening at or close to the periphery thereof.

Abstract: A gas burner comprising a gas manifold feeding an array of fluidic oscillators. Each fluidic oscillator has a power nozzle connected to the gas manifold and an outlet for issuing a sweeping jet of gas to ambient. Each fluidic oscillator is spaced a predetermined distance from its neighboring fluidic oscillators and a baffle plate controls air flow to the sweeping jet of gas from each fluidic oscillator.

Abstract: A pulsating combustor includes a combustion chamber having a hollow cylindrical form and a tailpipe having a similar hollow cylindrical form, such that the internal chambers are annular in section. Air and fuel are admitted to the combustion chamber and pulsating combustion is initiated, with exhaust gases being removed from the tailpipe. A water jacket is defined both inside and outside the pulsating combustor, with water being moved from one to the other as it is being warmed. Fuel is preferably admitted along needles or short pipes which are such as to have a natural resonant frequency which is a small number multiple of the natural resonant frequency of the combination of the combustion chamber and the tailpipe. Preferred frequencies are 440 cps for the combination combustion chamber and tailpipe, and 1320 cps for the fuel delivery needle or pipe.

Abstract: In at least one of the ducts for feeding a fuel and an oxidant to a burner, a device for flow pulsation is provided to cause in the duct a pulsation of the flow of fluid which is fed at a frequency lower than 3 Hz, typically lower than 1 Hz. Application for example to oxycombustible burners of industrial furnaces having high yield and low emission of nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: A pulsed atmospheric fluidized bed reactor system is disclosed and claimed along with a process for utilization of same for the combustion of, e.g. high sulfur content coal. The system affords a economical, ecologically acceptable alternative to oil and gas fired combustors. The apparatus may also be employed for endothermic reaction, combustion of waste products, e.g., organic and medical waste, drying materials, heating air, calcining and the like.

Abstract: A pulsating combustor includes a combustion chamber having a hollow cylindrical form and a tailpipe having a similar hollow cylindrical form, such that the internal chambers are annular in section. Air and fuel are admitted to the combustion chamber and pulsating combustion is initiated, with exhaust gases being removed from the tailpipe. A water jacket is defined both inside and outside the pulsating combustor, with water being moved from one to the other as it is being warmed. Fuel is preferably admitted along needles or short pipes which are such as to have a natural resonant frequency which is a small number multiple of the natural resonant frequency of the combination of the combustion chamber and the tailpipe. Preferred frequencies are 440 for the combination combustion chamber and tailpipe, and 1320 cps for the fuel delivery needle or pipe.

Abstract: Improved fluid heating apparatus and process, exemplified by steam boilers in which a pulse combustor serves to produce a heat source for enhanced steam generation, particularly in commercial or industrial applications are provided. The system may be slagging or non-slagging as needed and may employ a means for collecting and removing contaminants and particulates entrained in the combustion product stream.

Abstract: Pulsatory burner which is mounted in the water room (12) of a hot water boiler comprising a combustion chamber (14) with a neck (17) provided as an air inlet, and a nonreturn valve (18) controlling the air flow through the air inlet to the combustion chamber. An outlet (40, 41) for hot water from the water room (12) is provided around the neck (17) for the cooling thereof.

Abstract: A water or fluid-cooled device consists of a plurality of exhaust tubes of uniform cross-section, similar to the tubes in a boiler. The tubes are connected to an elongate combustion chamber into which a combustible mixture is aspirated via one or a series a non-return valves. The fuel is initially ignited, and subsequently follows the conventional pattern for pulsating combustion. This pulsating combustion burner can be used as an instrument for making a series of shockwaves at a frequency of oscillation between 200 and 2000 Hz, and thus can be used in the conditioning of fine dust particles by agglomerating them. An alternate use is that of a burner for a boiler or a space heater, where suitable action is taken to silence the exhaust noise, and where the scrubbing action of the generated shockwaves inside the exhaust tubes improves the heat transfer to the surrounding medium by minimizing the laminar surface film or "stagnant layer" inside and outside the exhaust tubes.

Abstract: A support structure supports a fluidized bed firing boiler disposed within a cylindrical pressure vessel and operated while the inside of a fluidized bed furnace is kept pressurized. A main body of the pressure fluidized bed firing boiler disposed within the pressure vessel is divided into a suspended section suspended from a support beam disposed at an upper interior portion within the pressure vessel, and a bottom-supported section supported by a support beam disposed at a lower interior portion of the pressure vessel. Also, a metallic expansion joint in the form of an undulated plate is provided at a point of engagement between the suspended section and the bottom-supported section.

Abstract: A pulsed atmospheric fluidized bed reactor system is disclosed and claimed along with a process for utilization of same for the combustion of, e.g. high sulfur content coal. The system affords a economical, ecologically acceptable alternative to oil and gas fired combustors. The apparatus may also be employed for endothermic reaction, combustion of waste products, e.g. organic and medical waste, drying, calcining and the like.

Abstract: A pulse combustor having thermally induced pulse combustion in a continuously flowing system is described. The pulse combustor is fitted with at lease one elongated ceramic body which significantly increases the heat transfer area in the combustion chamber of the combustor. The ceramic body or bodies possess sufficient mass and heat capacity to ignite the fuel-air charge once the ceramic body or bodies are heated by conventional spark plug initiated combustion so as to provide repetitive ignition and combustion of sequentially introduced fuel-air charges without the assistance of the spark plug and the rapid quenching of the flame after each ignition in a controlled manner so as to provide a selective control over the oscillation frequency and amplitude. Additional control over the heat transfer in the combustion chamber is provided by employing heat exchange mechanisms for selectively heating or cooling the elongated ceramic body or bodies and/or the walls of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A hybrid burner system is disclosed which incorporates features of continuous burners and pulse combustion devices. A combustion chamber is fitted with one-way air inlet valves, an orificed or small sized exhaust outlet valve and a pressurized, gas inlet which is externally actuated in a periodic manner to produce combustion pulses during operation. The combustion pulses generate heat, force the products of combustion from the burner chamber and cause combustion air to periodically enter the chamber in a self-aspirating manner. Combustion occurs silently during the entire time the fuel is externally pulsed because of the way a fuel/air mixture is developed in a chamber which is filled with combustion air prior to fuel introduction. A spark plug electrode-stabilizing rod arrangement insures consistent ignition while a flame front is stabilized and propagated.

Abstract: In a pulse combustion device including a combustion chamber having a cylindrical wall, a forward end wall secured to one end of the cylindrical wall for attachment with a liquid vessel and being formed with an inlet port to be supplied with a mixture of gaseous fuel and air, and a rearward end wall secured to the other end of the cylindrical wall to close the combustion chamber, the cylindrical wall of the combustion chamber is formed with a plurality of circumferentially equally spaced radial exhaust ports which are located respectively in a position displaced from the center of the combustion chamber in an axial direction toward the inlet port, and a plurality of tailpipes are radially inwardly bent at their one ends and secured to the exhaust ports of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An improved flame holder based tunable pulse combustor, and a processing system employing same. The processing system is for thermal, chemical, and physical processes which employ natural acoustic modes in a processing chamber to enhance the processing. An acoustically resonant processing chamber is provided as the processing vessel. A frequency tunable pulse combustor comprising a flame holder is positioned to excite natural acoustic modes in the processing chamber. Material introduced into the processing chamber is thereby subjected to acoustic pulsations while the material is being processed. The acoustic excitations in the system result in improved moisture removal and particle heating. Also disclosed are various embodiments of frequency and amplitude tunable pulse combustors which may be employed to excite the natural acoustic modes in the processing chamber, including axially translatable acoustic decoupler and flame holder configurations.

Abstract: A pulse combustion device adapted for use in a liquid heating apparatus. The combustion device includes a combustion chamber having a forward end wall formed with an inlet port to be supplied with a mixture of gaseous fuel and air, an attachment plate unitedly provided with the forward end wall of the combustion chamber for engagement with a liquid vessel of the heating apparatus, a cylindrical decoupler arranged coaxially with the combustion chamber at its rear side, a plurality of tailpipes connected at their one ends to the combustion chamber and at their other ends to a front end of the decoupler, the tailpipes being arranged at their intermediate portions in parallel along the outer circumference of the decoupler, and an exhaust pipe connected at its one end to a rear portion of the decoupler and being extended forwardly along the circumference of the decoupler, said exhaust pipe being further extended forwardly through the attachment plate.

Abstract: A hybrid burner system is disclosed which incorporates features of continuous burners and pulse combustion devices. A combustion chamber is fitted with one-way air inlet valves, a restricted or one-way exhaust outlet valve and a pressurized, gas inlet which is externally actuated in a periodic manner to produce combustion pulses during operation. The combustion pulses generate heat, force the products of combustion from the burner chamber and cause combustion air to periodically enter the chamber in a self-aspirating manner. Combustion occurs silently during the entire time the fuel is externally pulsed. A spark plug electrode - stabilizing rod arrangement insures consistent ignition while a flame front is stabilized and propagated at the rod. The burner arrangement is self-contained in a recirculating heat exchange application where a pulse opening is provided at a precise position relative to the heat combustion chamber.

Abstract: A pulse combustion unit for a liquid heating apparatus having a liquid vessel arranged to store an amount of liquid to be heated. The combustion unit includes a base plate mounted on the upper portion of an upright support structure, a pulse combustion burner assembly including a pulse combustion chamber secured to one surface of the base plate and a curved tailpipe having an inner end connected to an exhaust port of the combustion chamber and an outer end connected to the base plate, and an air-fuel mixer head secured to the other surface of the base plate and being in open communication with the interior of the combustion chamber through an opening of the base plate. The liquid vessel is coupled at its side wall with the base plate in such manner that the combustion chamber and tailpipe are arranged in the vessel.

Abstract: Pulse combustors and associated air mixers are used to process fuel and calcium based sorbent outside of a furnace or boiler. liquid or solid fuel is rapidly volatilized in the air mixer of the first pulse combustor, producing high gaseous fuel content and a highly reactive char or soot. This material is then injected into the upper part of the furnace, above the conventional burners, to create a fuel rich zone which reduces previously formed nitrogen oxide (NOx) pollutants. The calcium based sorbent is injected into a second pulse combustor, located higher in the furnace. The sorbent is flash calcined in the air mixer of the pulse combustor yielding a high surface area sorbent. This material is then injected into the furnace above the first pulse combustor to reduce previously formed sulfur oxide (SO2) pollutants. In addition, the stream from this combustor and air mixer provides the air needed to completely burn out the coal fuel from the first pulse combustor.

Abstract: A process for pulse combustion in a horizontal pulse combustor having at least one air inlet flapper valve, at least one fuel inlet flapper valve, a combustion chamber, and a plurality of downstream combustion chamber branches in which each is in communication with a plurality of downstream exhaust tubes. The process includes the steps of introducing air through the air inlet flapper valve into a mixing zone. Fuel is introduced through the fuel inlet flapper valve into the mixing zone. A combustible fuel/air mixture is formed within the mixing and ignition chamber and is ignited there to complete combustion within the combustion chamber. Combustion product gases are exhausted through the combustion chamber branches and further exhausted through the exhaust tubes.

Abstract: A pulse combustion apparatus includes a hot water storage tank, a combustion chamber provided in the tank, a mixing chamber disposed outside the tank and connected to the combustion chamber, an air supply line comprising an air pipe, a fan, a muffler and an air chamber and connected to the mixing chamber, a fuel supply line connected to the mixing chamber, and an exhaust line connected to the combustion chamber. The muffler is disposed between the fan and the air chamber. The exhaust line includes a muffler disposed in the tank and connected to the combustion chamber by a tailpipe.

Abstract: An improved flame holder based tunable pulse combustor, and a processing system employing same. The processing system is for thermal, chemical, and physical processes which employ natural acoustic modes in a processing chamber to enhance the processing. An acoustically resonant processing chamber is provided as the processing vessel. A frequency tunable pulse combustor comprising a flame holder is positioned to excite natural acoustic modes in the processing chamber. Material introduced into the processing chamber is thereby subjected to acoustic pulsations while the material is being processed. The acoustic excitations in the system result in improved moisture removal and particle heating. Also disclosed are various embodiments of frequency and amplitude tunable pulse combustors which may be employed to excite the natural acoustic modes in the processing chamber, including axially translatable acoustic decoupler and flame holder configurations.

Abstract: A vessel assembly defining a combustion chamber in a pulsating combustor is composed of a pair of generally boat-shaped vessels each made by plastic deformation and having a longitudinal plane terminating in a transverse plane which is perpendicular to its longitudinal plane. Each vessel is open in both of its longitudinal and transverse planes and has an exhaust port. The vessels are joined to each other in their longitudinal planes to form an integral assembly which is totally closed except for the exhaust ports and the transverse planes in which they form an end opening for admitting a mixture of fuel and air into the assembly. The assembly is joined around its end opening to the edge of an opening made in a wall defining a vessel for holding the liquid to be heated.

Abstract: A pulse combustor having a combined mixing and ignition chamber in communication with a fuel inlet tube and an air inlet tube. The fuel inlet tube and air inlet tube inject fuel and air, respectively, forming a fuel/air mixture in the mixing and ignition chamber. An ignition source for igniting the fuel/air mixture is located within the mixing and ignition chamber. A main combusiton chamber is sealably secured to the main combustion chamber wall and in comunication with the mixing and ignition chamber. The main combustion chamber first splits into a plurality of downstream combustion chamber branches, each of which further split into a plurality of exhaust tubes. The combustion chamber branches of the main combustion chamber have a slot between the combustion chamber branches. At least one reinforcing strut is secured between the combustion chamber branches within the slot between the combustion chamber branches of the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: A combustion chamber for a pulse combustion apparatus has a generally circular cross section as viewed from a direction which is perpendicular, in a horizontal plane, to a direction of flow of an air/fuel mixture into the chamber. The chamber includes an inlet from which the air/fuel mixture flows into the chamber and outlet from which burned gas comes out of the chamber. The inlet is located on an upstream side. Also, the inlet is located within an upper half of the foregoing cross section of the chamber as viewed from the foregoing perpendicular direction. The outlet is located at the center of the foregoing cross section of the chamber as viewed from the foregoing perpendicular direction. The outlet has an axial centerline which cuts an axial centerline of the inlet at right angles, as viewed from above or below, if the axial centerline of the outlet is extended inwardly of the chamber while extending the axial centerline of the inlet in a downstream direction.

Abstract: A fluid container includes at least one pulsating combustion unit which defines an elongate exhaust passageway between two substantially parallel plates, along with an elongate combustion chamber communicating with the exhaust passageways. Two end caps close the ends of the elongate passageway and the elongate chamber. Inlets are provided for admitting a combustible fuel mixture to the combustion chamber, and spark plugs provide ignition means to ignite the mixture. The unit is disposed in the container in such a way that a major part of each of the plates defining the exhaust passageway is in direct contact with the fluid. By initiating and sustaining pulsating combustion in the combustion chamber, a high-amplitude shockwave passes through the exhaust gases, which effectively "scrubs" away the gaseous, laminar surface film on the plates, thus enhancing heat transfer through the plates.

Abstract: A power combustion device comprising an elongate combustion chamber having an inlet for a combustible mixture and an unvalved outlet for combustion gases; an open flow valve distributor member mounted in fixed relation in a wall of the combustion chamber which has a first side in communication with the combustion chamber and a second side in communication with a controlled supply of pressurized combustible mixture with a pluralilty of ports through the valve distributor member directing the combustible mixture along the periphery of the combustion chamber, a pump for premixing and supplying a controlled pressurized combustible mixture to the second side of the floating valve member, and an ignition system for igniting and combusting the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber. The power combustion device provides premixing of fuel and oxidizing gas to form a combustible mixture thereby allowing sealed combustion with respect to the surrounding atmosphere.

Abstract: An improved pulsating processing system for thermal, chemical, and physical processes which employs nonlongitudinal acoustic modes in a processing chamber to enhance the processing. An acoustically resonant processing chamber is provided as the processing vessel. A frequency tunable pulse combustor or other selectively variable frequency acoustic exciter is positioned to excite natural nonlongitudinal acoustic modes in the processing chamber. Material introduced into the processing chamber is thereby subjected to nonlongitudinal acoustic pulsations while the material is being processed. Also disclosed is an improved frequency and amplitude tunable pulse combustor which may be employed to excite the natural acoustic modes in the processing chamber. One disclosed embodiment is a system for drying a slurry of material such as kaolin. The nonlongitudinal acoustic excitations in the system result in improved moisture removal and particle heating.

Abstract: In a heat exchange container (1) that is preferably water filled and used in a space or central-heating system a furnace system having a combustion chamber (5) for the pulse combustion of free-flowing, in particular, liquid fuels is used, and this is mounted as a container insert on a carrier plate (2) that closes an opening in the container (1). The air supply takes place intermittently through valves (30) and the fuel supply is continuous and under pressure, through an axially adjustable injection nozzle (29) into a prechamber (10) so that the injection pressure and the position of the injection nozzle (29) constitute important adjustment values. Close to the base of the combustion chamber within the prechamber (10) there is a vortexing element that vortexes the fuel-air mixture that is formed, doing so on the combustion chamber side, the opening cross-section of this vortexing element being adjustable. This, too, constitutes an additional control variable.

Abstract: An instantaneous hot water heater having a coiled heat exchanger (4) through which water to be heated passes. A fuel supply assembly (22) is provided for supplying air and gas to the interior of the exchanger for combustion in such a way that combustion occurs as a series of rapidly occuring pulses at a rate of typically 50 to 100 ignitions per second. There is considerable turbulence in the combustion products whereby good heat exchange takes place enabling very efficient operation.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for continuously treating material for performing such functions as burning, roasting, smelting, coking, melting, high temperature chemical reactions and the like in a combustion chamber wherein the chamber or an extension thereof, is tuned to permit combustion gases therein to resonate and to thereby effect maximum combustion efficiency. In particular, the invention concerns controllably varying the geometry of the combustion chamber, such as the length of a pipe or tubed section thereof in accordance with the variables of combustion occuring therein, so as to optimize efficiency of combustion and the reaction which takes place between the burning material and the material being treated or reacted on. In addition to effecting such reactions, the apparatus is also operable to effect the transfer of the heat of combustion to a heat transfer medium, such as water for generating steam or other form of heat transfer medium to maximize the utilization of the energy generated.

Abstract: A pulse combustion burner having a multi-apertured combustion chamber wall surrounded by a primary heat transfer zone. Gas jets issuing out of the wall apertures induce high turbulence in the gas flow path through the heat transfer zone and thereby promote an exceptionally high level of heat exchange. Dimensions of the gas flow path, including the primary heat transfer zone, are arranged to cause the primary heat transfer zone to serve as an effective portion of the tailpipe of the burner. Both the high heat transfer capability and reduced tailpipe length permit reduction in the overall size of a burner unit.

Abstract: A pulsing combustion device wherein a floating valve member having a plurality of ports therethrough reciprocates due to the pressure differential of a pressurized supply of combustible mixture on one side and pressurized combustion mixture on the other side closing and opening communication through the ports between the supply of combustible mixture and the combustion chamber. Flat plate floating valve members are disclosed which direct the combustible mixture along the periphery of the combustion chamber. The pulsing combustion device may have at least one constrictor plate having an exhaust port with a cross section relatively small with respect to the cross section of the combustion chamber located across the combustion chamber above the zone of combustion to enhance combustion and heat exchange. The pulsing combustion device may be used as a steam producing device, a steam cleaning device, a heating device, a water heater, or for any other fluid heating purpose.