Abstract: Embodiments provide a combustion structure that can achieve stable combustion by addressing the aforementioned drawbacks in the prior art such as low flame stability, backfire, deflagration, blockage and/or any other drawbacks. The combustion chamber structure in accordance with the disclosure can include: a grate structure including a first set of elongated components, a fire retention structure including a second set of elongated components. The first set of first elongated components can be arranged along an axial direction within the combustion chamber structure. The second set of elongated components can be arranged along the axial direction in a same direction as the first elongated components. The second set of elongated components can be configured to generate a negative pressure zone within the combustion chamber. The first set of elongated components can form apertures that can be aligned with apertures formed by the second set of elongated components.

Abstract: A system includes a radiant syngas cooler which receives and cools syngas generated in a gasifier. The radiant syngas cooler includes an outer shell of the radiant syngas cooler defining an annular space of the radiant syngas cooler and a heat exchange tube of the radiant syngas cooler positioned within the annular space and configured to flow a cooling medium. The heat exchange tube is configured to enable heat exchange between the syngas and the cooling medium to cool the syngas. The radiant syngas cooler includes a downcomer tube of the radiant syngas cooler which supplies the cooling medium to the heat exchange tube, where the downcomer tube includes a downflow portion positioned outside of the annular space of the radiant syngas cooler. The downflow portion is fluidly coupled to a header, and the header fluidly couples the downcomer tube to the heat exchange tube.

Abstract: A furnace system includes at least one lower radiant section having a first firebox disposed therein and at least one upper radiant section disposed above the at least one lower radiant section. The at least one upper radiant section has a second firebox disposed therein. The furnace system further includes at least one convection section disposed above the at least one upper radiant section and an exhaust corridor defined by the first firebox, the second firebox, and the at least one convection section. Arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces an area required for construction of the furnace system.

Abstract: A unique combustion system is described which improves the aerodynamic pattern associated with the combustion gases inside a pyrolysis furnace. The resultant pattern is very stable, creates minimum flame impingement on the process tubes, and ensures a very high mixing level throughout the reactor.

Abstract: A gas-tight chamber for a heat exchanger has a shell (12) forming the gas-tight chamber made of a light flexible or semirigid material such as rubber or thin silicone-treated sheet material which, because of its low weight and relative flexibility, absorbs all the vibrations produced and maintained by the burners, which eliminates the noise. The exchangers have a layer of longitudinal water tubes arranged concentrically around a central burner.

Abstract: A boiler is presented improved in capacity and efficiency and causing less pollution and noise wherein a first tubular wall means and a second tubular wall means outwardly of the first wall means encompassing the first wall means therein are disposed within a boiler casing to form a combustion chamber inside of the first wall means, each of the wall means comprising an outer wall and inner wall to form a space therebetween which is coupled with the both chambers to allow communication therebetween through the space, gas duct means extending from the combustion chamber to outside of the boiler casing within the spaces of the respective wall means in a mandering fashion utilizing gaps formed between the first and second wall means and between the second wall means and the boiler casing.Additional gas passage means may be provided in the first wall means or in the both wall means so as to diverge the combustion gas flow adjacent opening means of the duct means sucking the combustion gas.

Abstract: This disclosure teaches a direct fired heater with a double casing. The double casing includes a somewhat conventional inner casing having a burner penetrating therethrough and an outer casing spaced from the inner casing to form a passage in flow communication between the atmosphere and the burner. The outer casing surrounds the burner and is provided with an acoustic inner surface to minimize escape of noise. Design of refractory linings with respect to thickness and density allows for maintenance of skin temperature of the inner casing above the condensation ranges of SO.sub.2 and SO.sub.3.