Abstract: A system and method for quickly cooling and de-pressurizing a boiler arrangement in the event of a plant power loss, a.k.a. a black plant condition. A steam discharge system injects steam from the steam/water circuit into the furnace, thereby both cooling components of the boiler arrangement and reducing pressure in the steam/water circuit. This reduces or eliminates the additional cost associated with providing extra capacity in a steam drum and/or an independently powered boiler water pump. The system and method is particularly useful for quickly cooling the U-beams of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler during a black plant condition. In application to boiler arrangements with a selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) system employing steam as a carrier for a NOx reducing agent, the steam discharge system advantageously uses the discharge nozzles of the SNCR system to inject the steam into the furnace.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine, a NOX occluding and reducing catalyst is disposed in the exhaust gas passage of an engine. The NOX occluding and reducing catalyst absorbs NOX in the exhaust gas when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is at a lean air-fuel ratio and releases and reduces NOX when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is at a rich air-fuel ratio. The air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing out from the catalyst is detected by an air-fuel ratio sensor disposed in the exhaust gas passage downstream of the catalyst. When the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst is changed from a rich air-fuel ratio to a lean air-fuel ratio, the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing out from the catalyst stays at a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio before it changes to a lean air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: An apparatus for saving boiler feed water heat having a closed condensed water vessel for collecting the steam water condensate from one or more reactor steam jacket, and the steam condensate flash over when it enters the closed vessel due to pressure drop. The closed vessel having a boiler feed water pump located below the vessel and the vessel located below the reactor steam jacket, and cold water injection into the condensate prior to entering the feed water pump. The feed pump then taking the cooled condensed water to the boiler reducing the demand for boiler make up water and saving heat and energy.

Abstract: An apparatus for degassing and heating water by means of steam comprises a column (1) with packing bodies (2) arranged therein, with a distributor (12) arranged at the column head for the water to be degassed, with a water supply line (7) and steam supply line (8) in each case arranged upstream of the column, with a water outlet line (19) and venting line (18) in each case arranged downstream of the column for the gas/steam mixture to be exhausted. The four lines open into housings (3, 14) which are connected above and below the preferably cylindrical column to the latter. A conical mixing chamber (4) into which the water to be degassed is injected via nozzles (6) is provided upstream of the distributor. The conical mixing chamber has an outer boundary wall (5) which is surrounded by a steam distribution chamber (9) and communicates with the latter via slot-type openings (10) in the boundary wall.