Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to a valve seat (20) for a poppet valve of an internal combustion engine, wherein the poppet valve comprises a head and a stem behind the head, the valve seat comprising: an aperture (21) configured to form a seal with the head of the poppet valve when the poppet valve is in a closed position; and a peripheral body (22) defining, at least in part, one or more ports (23) shaped like e.g. grooves and sized to enable injection of liquid or gas from a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine into a gas stream behind the head of the poppet valve.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to liquid-cooled cylinder heads. In one example embodiment, a cylinder head is disclosed including a component which extends into a combustion chamber, an upper cooling jacked, a lower cooling jacket, a plurality of valves arranged around the component, a plurality of cylinder head screws, an oil deck, a fire deck, a plurality of valve guides, and a fixed connection. The fixed connection is arranged from each valve guide to the component, and is a ring having at least one support. The support and the ring extend at least from the oil deck to the fire deck thereby bounding the combustion chamber, and the component is connected to the plurality of cylinder head screws.

Abstract: A port fuel injection system includes a fuel pump configured to produce a flow of pressurized liquid fuel at a pressure between 10 and 50 bar. A fuel rail is connected to receive the flow of pressurized liquid fuel from the fuel pump, the fuel rail. A plurality of fuel injectors, including one fuel injector positioned in the intake port of each engine cylinder upstream of the intake valve for the engine cylinder are connected to receive pressurized fuel from the fuel rail. An engine control unit (ECU) receives signals from sensors on the internal combustion engine and is programmed to actuate the fuel injectors to deliver fuel to each engine cylinder over a full range of engine operating conditions. A port fuel injection system with high pressure and fast acting fuel injectors improves fuel delivery and performance over the full range of engine operating conditions.

Abstract: Provided is a two-stroke internal combustion engine, including: a fuel injection valve configured to supply a fuel into a crank chamber; an intake passage configured to allow only air to be sucked thereinto under a negative pressure generated when a piston is actuated; and a scavenging passage that allows communication between the crank chamber and a combustion chamber. Further, air passing through the intake passage is introduced into the scavenging passage, and air stagnant in the scavenging passage at end of air suction contributes to scavenging.

Abstract: A method of using additive manufacturing to form or print a component based on an original model of a component, where the geometry of the original model is compensated to form a compensated model. The compensated model can be used to form or print the component. The printed component as a final model can then be compared to the original model.

Abstract: A cylinder head assembly includes a cylinder head casting, and an injector sleeve within an injector bore in the cylinder head casting. The injector sleeve includes a first sleeve end, and an injector clamping surface formed by an inner sleeve surface adjacent to a cylindrical second sleeve end. The injector sleeve further includes a sleeve clamping surface in contact with an upward facing middle deck surface of the cylinder head casting, and a reaction wall extending between the injector clamping surface and the sleeve clamping surface to transfer an injector clamping load to the upward facing middle deck surface.

Abstract: An engine is provided, which includes a combustion chamber defined by a crown surface of a piston, an inner wall surface of a cylinder in which the piston is slidably accommodated, and a pentroof-type ceiling surface formed in a cylinder head and formed with an intake port and an exhaust port. The crown surface includes an exhaust-side bottom part, an intake-side bottom part, an exhaust-side sloped surface rising toward a center part of the crown surface from the exhaust-side bottom part, an intake-side sloped surface rising toward the center part from the intake-side bottom part, and a flat surface provided continuously between upper ends of the exhaust-side and intake-side sloped surfaces, and extending perpendicularly to a cylinder axial direction in the center part of the crown surface. A surface area of the flat surface is larger than a surface area of the exhaust-side sloped surface.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to liquid-cooled cylinder heads. In one example embodiment, a cylinder head is disclosed including a component which extends into a combustion chamber, an upper cooling jacked, a lower cooling jacket, a plurality of valves arranged around the component, a plurality of cylinder head screws, an oil deck, a fire deck, a plurality of valve guides, and a fixed connection. The fixed connection is arranged from each valve guide to the component, and is a ring having at least one support. The support and the ring extend at least from the oil deck to the fire deck thereby hounding the combustion chamber, and the component is connected to the plurality of cylinder head screws.

Abstract: A method for producing a cast aluminum component having at least one reinforcing element arranged therein includes producing a core by placing at least one reinforcing element in a first mold and at least partially overmolding the at least one reinforcing element with a foam material. In the alternative, or in addition to, a core is produced by surrounding an inner element composed of a foam material by at least one reinforcing element. The method includes placing the core in a second mold and pouring liquid aluminum into the second mold and overcasting the core such that the liquid aluminum at least partially surrounds the core and the foam material is at least partially removed during the overcasting.

Abstract: A cylinder head includes an intake-side wall part (1a) that upwardly extends from a cylinder head lower surface (lb) coupled to a cylinder block; a port circumferential wall part (4) that forms therein an intake port (3) communicating with a combustion chamber (2) of an engine; an outer longitudinal rib (14) that projects from an outer surface of the port circumferential wall part (4) on a side of the cylinder head lower surface (lb); and a boss part (13) that is bulged from the intake-side wall part (1a) on one end portion of the outer longitudinal rib (14). The port circumferential wall part (4) includes a resin part disposed along an inner surface thereof. The outer longitudinal rib (14) extends in a direction away from the intake-side wall part (1a) along a flow direction of intake air flowing inside the intake port (3). The boss part (13) includes a hole part (13a) that discharges gas in the intake port (3) when injection molding of the resin part is carried out.

Abstract: Methods for making an apparatus comprising a cylinder for an engine having at least one combustion chamber and a squish area disposed at or around a base of the at least one combustion chamber, wherein the at least one combustion chamber comprises a paraboloidal cavity.

Abstract: A cylinder head valve seat of an automobile vehicle includes a valve seat having a valve seat surface integrally joined to an engagement end. The engagement end includes multiple materials extending through a cross section of the engagement end. The multiple materials include: a first material having a first thermal conductivity; and a second material having a second thermal conductivity higher than the thermal conductivity of the first material, wherein the first material transitions into the second material.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a valve seat having cladded surfaces of high hardness in order to improve the service life of valve seats. The cladded surfaces may include various materials of favorable mechanical properties for mitigating failure mechanisms known for common valve seats (e.g., having a common base metal throughout). In one example, the cladded surfaces are created using an additive manufacturing process, such as laser metal deposition. The cladded surfaces offer advantages including metallurgical bonding, localized low heat input at the laser focus (thus enabling accurate control of temperature and mitigating undesirable heat treatment effects), ductility in middle layers for increasing impact resistance, variable cladding thickness (optionally exceeding 1 mm), increased hardness by material and fusing temperature selections, corrosion resistance, modification of mechanical properties of the same selected material, and allowing for sensor embedment.

Abstract: The cylinder head 3 includes: a lower deck; a wall portion including an upper deck and a lower deck; an upper deck that is provided above the lower deck so as to face the lower deck and that defines a cooling water flow space between the lower deck and the upper deck; and a wall portion that is formed between the lower deck and the upper deck and includes a valve-hole forming wall 40 forming an intake valve hole and an exhaust valve hole which are opened into a lower surface of the lower deck. The lower deck includes: a cooling water introduction hole that passes through the lower deck in a vertical direction so as to extend in a circumferential direction of a virtual circle VC surrounding a valve-hole forming wall in a plan view; and a rib that projects from an upper surface of the lower deck.

Abstract: A fully variable valve train with a rotary plunger for an internal combustion engine. A motor actuates a high-pressure oil injection pump; when a timing driven electromagnetic valve connected to an oil inlet is opened, high-pressure oil enters a hydraulic cylinder; and when the force applied to a plunger by the hydraulic oil is larger than the force of a valve returning spring, the plunger is pushed to move down, so that a valve is opened. When the valve is required to be return, the timing driven electromagnetic valve connected to the oil inlet is closed, and the timing driven electromagnetic valve connected to the oil inlet is opened; the valve moves up under the action of the valve spring, pushing the plunger to move up and thereby discharging the low-pressure oil out of the hydraulic cylinder, then the plunger and the valve return to the initial positions.

Abstract: A first engagement member includes a first meshing portion and rotates integrally with a first shaft. A second engagement member includes a second meshing portion configured to mesh with the first meshing portion and rotates integrally with a second shaft. An electric clutch device drives the first engagement member via a pressing member that extends and contracts in response to drive of a clutch actuator. When the electric clutch device is to be engaged, the first shaft command computation unit sets the first shaft rotation speed command value to be smaller than the rotation speed of the second shaft. Further, after the rotation speed of the first shaft matches the first shaft rotation speed command value, the first shaft command computation unit sets the first shaft rotation speed command value to be gradually closer to the rotation speed of the second shaft.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an air inlet system for an internal combustion engine. The air inlet system has a cylinder head having an inlet channel for introducing inlet air into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. The air inlet system has an air supply pipe piece, which is connected to the cylinder head and which at least partially forms an air supply channel, which opens in the inlet channel. The air inlet system additionally has thermal insulation, which is arranged in the air supply channel in order to reduce a heat transfer to the inlet air which flows in the air supply channel.

Abstract: An engine with an EGR device includes an engine case, and an EGR pipe that introduces an EGR gas into an intake path. The EGR pipe is arranged to pass through an inside of the engine case. A part of the EGR pipe in the engine case is arranged to face a cooling water path in the engine case. The engine case is defined by a cylinder head. The cooling water path is arranged to surround a whole circumference of the EGR pipe.

Abstract: An oil passageway structure for internal combustion engines includes a cylinder head having an inter-bearing wall fluid communication oil passage for providing fluid communication between a plurality of bearing walls to allow oil to flow therebetween. The cylinder head further includes a bearing wall oil passage branched from the inter-bearing wall fluid communication oil passage to supply oil to a bearing surfaces of at least one of the bearing walls. The inter-bearing wall fluid communication oil passage is defined in one of facing side walls. The bearing wall oil passageway is defined in at least one of the bearing walls. The oil passageway structure is thus made up of a reduced number of parts, can be assembled with a reduced number of man-hours, can lead to productivity growth, and is inexpensive to manufacture.

Abstract: An exhaust port liner, which may include a superalloy and may be manufactured by an additive manufacturing process, includes a monolithic structure including an outlet disposed an angle relative to an inlet, and a sidewall defining a cavity to provide enhanced thermal performance in reciprocating internal combustion engines. A cylinder head of an internal combustion engine may include a cylinder head frame, and the exhaust port liner may be disposed proximate the frame inner mounting surface, with an outer surface of the exhaust port liner conforming to an inner mounting surface of the cylinder head frame.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a valvetrain having a pivot stand assembly that includes rocker arm assemblies and a compound pivot stand including a cap that integrates camshaft journaling and rocker arm support. The cap includes an elongate cap body structured to bolt to a base to form a camshaft journal bore, and each of a first and a second shaft bore for receiving rocker arm pivot shafts to position the rocker arms at different pivot locations. The rocker arms may be structured to actuate gas exchange valves arranged in a diamond pattern.

Abstract: An in-vehicle internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block and a cylinder head. The cylinder head includes a plurality of communication passages connected to the oil chamber. The cylinder block includes an oil passage for returning oil accumulated in the oil chamber into the oil pan. The communication passages include a first communication passage having a first opening opened in the upper surface of the cylinder head and a second communication passage having a second opening opened in the upper surface of the cylinder head. The first opening is located below the second opening. An extending wall extending in a direction intersecting the cylinder arrangement direction is provided between the first opening and the second opening on the upper surface of the cylinder head.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for filling surface pores of a cylinder inner surface coating with one or more fill materials to provide desired material and performance properties. In one example, a cylinder for an engine includes an inner surface including a coating having a plurality of surface pores, at least a portion of the plurality of surface pores filled with one or more fill materials, the one or more fill materials configured to decrease friction, increase tribofilm formation, adjust heat transfer, decrease material deposit, and/or decrease run-in duration.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a cylinder head includes: preparing a cylinder head casting having an intake passage, an exhaust passage, and a combustion chamber by casting using a mold and a plurality of cores; machining an intake port, an intake valve seat, an intake valve guide bore, an exhaust port, an exhaust valve seat, and an exhaust valve guide bore in the cylinder head casting by a first cylindrical tool; and forming a tapered surface on a portion of edge of the intake port by a second cylindrical tool. In particular, the second cylindrical tool moves along a predetermined trajectory at the edge portion of the intake port and rotates around an axis simultaneously to machine the tapered surface.

Abstract: Methods and features for repairing CMC components are provided. Methods include positioning a plurality of CMC plies at a damaged area of a CMC component and densifying the component and plies. For example, each ply may be a unidirectional ply positioned at the damaged area such that the plurality of plies is oriented in a plurality of directions. As another example, each ply may define a ply direction and comprise a plurality of ceramic fibers substantially extending along the ply direction, and the ply directions of at least two plies may be differently oriented. A repair patch for a CMC component also is provided that comprises a plurality of CMC plies. Fibers forming a first ply extend substantially along a first ply direction and fibers forming a second ply extend substantially along a second ply direction. The first and second plies of the repair patch are oriented in different directions.

Abstract: A cylinder head cover structure of an engine includes a positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) valve releasing blow-by gas from an oil separating chamber to an intake system of the engine. The oil separating chamber is included in an oil separator provided to an interior of a cylinder head cover. In the oil separating chamber, oil mist is separated and removed from the blow-by gas. The PCV valve is located between a portion of a defining wall and an exterior wall of the cylinder head cover, and supported by the defining wall and the exterior wall, the defining wall defining the oil separating chamber and the cam housing, and the exterior wall being spaced apart from the portion of the defining wall. The PCV valve is surrounded by a space communicating with the cam housing.

Abstract: A spark plug wherein both pre-ignition and misfires are suppressed. The spark plug includes a center electrode; a ground electrode; a cylindrical insulator; a metal shell that accommodates the insulator therein; and a cover portion that covers a front end portion of the center electrode and a facing portion of the ground electrode to form a pre-chamber. The insulator includes an outer peripheral surface exposed to the pre-chamber, the cover portion includes a portion exposed to the pre-chamber, and the metal shell includes a portion exposed to the pre-chamber. When a surface area of the outer peripheral surface is a first surface area A (mm2), and a total surface area of the portion of the cover portion and the portion of the metal shell is a second surface area B (mm2), the spark plug satisfies a relational expression 1:0.10<A/B<0.70.

Abstract: A fuel rail arrangement for an engine includes a fuel rail mounting cradle and a fuel rail fixed to the cradle. The fuel rail includes one or more outlets connected to respective fuel injector pipes. The fuel rail arrangement includes a clamp to fix both the rail to the cradle and to fix the fuel injector pipes to respective outlets in the fuel rail.

Abstract: An applied-ignition internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder head comprising at least one cylinder and having a rotatably mounted crankshaft is provided. In the internal combustion engine each cylinder has an inlet opening, which is adjoined by an intake line, and an outlet opening, which is adjoined by an exhaust-gas line, each opening being equipped with a valve, each cylinder comprises a combustion chamber which is jointly formed by a piston crown of a cylinder-specific piston, by a cylinder liner and by the cylinder head. Additionally, the crankshaft is articulably connected to the piston of each cylinder, such that, as the crankshaft rotates about an axis of rotation, the piston oscillates along a cylinder longitudinal axis, where the cylinder longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a plurality of cylinders, and these cylinders are divided into a first group where the air-fuel mixture is burned in the entire operating region and a second group where the air-fuel mixture is not burned in part of the operating region. The engine comprising: an intake opening opened and closed by an intake valve; an exhaust opening opened and closed by an exhaust valve; and a mask part having a wall surface extending along an outer edge of the intake opening toward the inside of the combustion chamber at an opposite side from the exhaust opening side. The mask part is configured so that a clearance from a passage surface of an edge part of the intake valve to the wall surface of the mask part is smaller at each cylinder of the first group than each cylinder of the second group.

Abstract: A cylinder head of an engine is provided, which includes first and second intake ports that open to a common cylinder. The first intake port opens to the cylinder to generate a swirl flow. The second intake port has a tumble flow generating part configured to cause intake air to become a tumble flow in the same direction as the swirl flow. The tumble flow generating part includes a helical part having an inner wall surface curving on a centerline perpendicular to an opening surface of the second port and continuing from a first port side to the opening of the second intake port toward at an opposite side from the first port. The opening of the second intake port has an edge part having an opening angle with respect to the centerline of the second port, the opening angle being smaller at an upstream side of the swirl flow.

Abstract: A camshaft housing includes two longitudinal frame bars and lateral frame bars. The longitudinal frame bars extend in the axial direction of a camshaft. The lateral frame bars extend between the longitudinal frame bars. A bearing portion is arranged in each of the lateral frame bars to rotationally support the camshaft. Each lateral frame bar has a bolt hole to receive a bolt that is inserted through the bolt hole to fix the camshaft housing to a cylinder head body. The bolt hole extends through the lateral frame bar and is arranged on the outer side of the bearing portion in the longitudinal direction of the lateral frame bar. Each longitudinal frame bar has a vibration reducing portion. The cross-sectional area of the longitudinal frame bar gradually changes in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal frame bar.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for selectively re-cooling intake air downstream of a charge air cooler. In one example, a system may include a cylinder head defining a plurality of cylinders, the cylinder head including a plurality of inlet ports each fluidically coupled to a respective cylinder, a refrigerant supply, and a refrigerant passage surrounding each inlet port and fluidically coupled to the refrigerant supply, the refrigerant passage shaped to correspond to an outer profile of each inlet port.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: a cylinder head (3); a combustion chamber recess (15) formed in the cylinder head; an intake passage (16) and an exhaust passage (17) formed in the cylinder head and communicating with the combustion chamber recess; a head oil passage (80) formed in the cylinder head, and having a first end (81A) communicating with an oil pump (62) and a second end (81B) opening out at a sliding contact surface of a valve actuating mechanism (23) provided in the cylinder head; and an oil jacket (84) formed in the cylinder head in a path of the head oil passage so as to at least partly surround the exhaust passage.

Abstract: A cylinder for an internal combustion engine comprising at least one combustion chamber and a squish area disposed at or around a base of the at least one combustion chamber, wherein the at least one combustion chamber comprises a paraboloidal cavity.

Abstract: A cylinder head includes a water jacket. The water jacket includes multiple coolant spaces between combustion chambers adjacent. The multiple coolant spaces include a high-pressure space having relatively high internal pressures and a low-pressure space having relatively low internal pressures. The high-pressure space and the low-pressure space are alternately arranged with each other. The water jacket includes a first lateral passage passing through the low-pressure space and extending in the lateral direction of the cylinder head, and a communication passage passing between an intake valve hole and an exhaust valve hole, and allowing the high-pressure space and the low-pressure space to communicate with each other. A coolant outlet is connected to the first lateral passage. The coolant inlet is connected to the communication passage or the high-pressure space.

Abstract: An engine provided with a combustion chamber includes a cylinder head in which a bulkhead is provided so as to extend toward the combustion chamber and an intake port is formed so as to bifurcate at the bulkhead, a bulkhead member that is provided with a partition plate intersecting the bulkhead and that divides the intake port into a first flow passage and a second flow passage with the partition plate provided between the first and second flow passages. The bulkhead of the cylinder head has a cutout formed and the partition plate of the bulkhead plate has an auxiliary wall that fills the cutout.

Abstract: Piston has crown portion 2 having crown surface 2a defining combustion chamber, thrust-side and anti-thrust-side skirt portions 3a, 3b formed integrally with crown portion and sliding on cylinder wall surface, a pair of apron portions 4a, 4a joined to skirt portions in circumferential direction, recessed portion 6 formed on back surface that is opposite side to crown surface and extending between skirt portions along substantially longitudinal direction, and a plurality of protrusions 7 formed integrally with bottom surface of recessed portion and extending along arrangement direction of skirt portions. At least one end edge in longitudinal direction of protrusion is integrally connected to inner side surface, facing one end edge of protrusion, of recessed portion. Adequate transcription performance to molding surface can therefore be ensured while removing remains of air on bottom side of recessed portion of mold for molding protrusions on crown portion back surface during casting.

Abstract: An engine includes a cylinder liner. The cylinder liner includes an interior wall, an exterior wall, and a thermoelectric element disposed therebetween. The interior wall forms a cylinder bore forming part of a combustion chamber. The exterior wall is positioned adjacent a coolant jacket. The thermoelectric element is operable to generate an electric current in response to a temperature gradient between the interior wall, which is exposed to the high temperatures of the combustion chamber, and the exterior wall, which is exposed to the cooler temperatures of a coolant in the coolant jacket. An electric current in a circuit of the thermoelectric element may be controlled to affect a cylinder wall temperature. The circuit of the thermoelectric element may be opened, and the voltage of the thermoelectric element may be measured and used to calculate the cylinder wall temperature.

Abstract: A cylinder head, an element and a base plate of a longitudinal piston engine having a cylinder head body and a base plate comprising at least one element, the base plate being interposed between a combustion chamber and the cylinder head body, comprising an upper face facing the cylinder head body and an opposing lower face arranged to face the combustion chamber and being attached to the cylinder head body, the cylinder head body being made from a material with a mass density and hardness that are less than those of the material constituting the base plate. The base plate and the body are assembled by screws for fastening the base plate to the cylinder head that are located towards the periphery of the base plate and of the body and by at least one part for fastening the cylinder head to the base plate including a threaded end designed to be engaged in a corresponding orifice of the base plate, said orifice being located closer to the center of the base plate than the fastening screws.

Abstract: A cylinder head assembly includes a cylinder head having an igniter mount that forms a portion of a fireside surface of the cylinder head. The assembly further includes a sleeve abutting the igniter mount within an igniter bore in the cylinder head, such that the sleeve and the cylinder head together form an igniter cooling passage circumferential of the igniter mount, and extending axially between the sleeve and the cylinder head. The configuration of the igniter mount and sleeve improves heat dissipation and reduces likelihood of pre-ignition in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A cylinder for an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder having at least one combustion chamber and at least one piston, and a squish area disposed at or around a base of the at least one combustion chamber, wherein the at least one combustion chamber comprises a paraboloidal cavity.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for thermally insulating an integrated exhaust manifold for a cylinder head of an applied-ignition, liquid-cooled internal combustion engine. In one example, a method may include regional insulation at a collection point where individual exhaust lines and/or partial exhaust lines merge to form an overall exhaust line within the cylinder head. The regional insulation may be formed integrally with a seal and coupled to an outlet flange of the cylinder head and may include a series of tongue-like projections that extend from the cylinder head outlet flange toward the cylinder exhaust lines.

Abstract: In a saddle-ride type vehicle in which a cylinder head of a single-cylinder engine main unit has a front wall and a rear wall, an exhaust system being connected to the front wall and an intake system being connected to the rear wall, a joining surface of the cylinder head to a head cover is formed on a plane crossing a cylinder axis, the plane being inclined downward toward a front. Rotation axes of camshafts are arranged on the plane. An axis of a valve stem of a throttle valve is arranged on the plane. A curve cover curved so as to cover driven sprockets fixed to the camshafts is formed on one side in a vehicle width direction of the head cover. A drum housing box housing a throttle drum fixed to one end of the valve stem is arranged close to the curve cover.

Abstract: Aspects and techniques of the present disclosure relate to an enclosure (20) that can include first and second housing pieces (22, 24) that cooperate to define an enclosed interior (26) of the enclosure (20). The first and second housing pieces (22, 24) mate at an interface (28) that extends about a continuous sealing loop (30). The enclosure (20) may include a seal (44) that extends about the continuous sealing loop (30) of the enclosure (20) at the interface (28) between the first and second housing pieces (22, 24). The seal (44) can include a retention portion (46) positioned within a channel (36) of the first housing piece (22) and a sealing flap (48) connected to the retention portion (46). The second housing piece (24) may include an outer flange (50) that extends about the continuous sealing loop (30) of the enclosure (20). The sealing flap (48) of the seal (44) can be compressed between the outer flange (50) and a rim element (32) of the enclosure (20).

Abstract: A cooling structure of an engine includes a cylinder head and a coolant temperature sensor. The cylinder head gas a first water jacket for cooling a combustion chamber and a second water jacket for cooling an exhaust manifold. The cylinder head includes a joining portion where coolants from the first water jacket and the second water jacket join together. The joining portion has a first coolant passage. A second coolant passage is disposed downstream of the joining portion. The temperature sensing portion is disposed in the second coolant passage. A coolant outlet of the second water jacket is defined in the first coolant passage, and is located at a position on the cylinder head cover attachment surface side in the first coolant passage. The temperature sensing portion is located at a position on the cylinder block attachment surface side in the second coolant passage.

Abstract: To improve fuel efficiency, some gasoline engines are equipped with valve deactivators in some of the cylinders so that at low torque conditions only a subset of the total number of cylinders are active. In prior art engines, particularly when they have four valves per cylinder, space is tight. It is known to provide a cam carrier in the head between the cylinder head and the camshaft. The cylinder head bolts pass through the head under the cam carrier. According to the present disclosure, the cam carrier, and its associated disadvantages, is obviated by widening the bearings for the camshafts, using smaller diameter head bolts, and putting the orifices for the head bolts directly through the bearings.

Abstract: A laser welding head includes a shield gas injection nozzle and welding wire supply nozzle, wherein the shield gas injection nozzle and the welding wire supply nozzle include a main body section and a surface layer section that covers the main body section, and at least part of the surface layer section is formed by at least one of ultra-hard alloy, cermet and ceramics.

Abstract: In a cylinder head (1) having a built-in exhaust manifold (6) of an engine (10), outer coolant passages (23A and 23B) in which an engine coolant circulates are provided, and are disposed along the manifold positioned at a side of an outer surface (14C) of the cylinder head (1). Further, inner coolant passages (24A and 24B) having shapes which are branched from the outer coolant passages (23A and 23B) and then join are provided, and are disposed along the outer coolant passages (23A and 23B) and at an inner side of the cylinder head (1).

Abstract: An engine power unit includes a crankcase, a cylinder body, and a cylinder head sequentially stacked and fastened with each other. A cam shaft holder is fastened to the cylinder head to rotatably support a cam shaft of an engine valve operating mechanism. A cylinder head cover covers the cylinder head and the cam shaft holder. Fastening bolts penetrate the cylinder head cover and the cam shaft holder to be screwed into the cylinder head. Pressing surfaces are formed on the inner surface of the cylinder head cover. The pressing surfaces are abutted against and press the cam shaft holder to the cylinder head. Thus, rigidity around the cylinder head is enhanced, and a weight reduction of the power unit is achieved.