Abstract: A system for mixing fumigation fuel with the intake air in a compression ignition engine includes a variable area venturi in an engine intake air duct to draw controlled amounts of a pre-mixed fumigation fuel/air mixture into the main air stream in proportion to the amount of suction created downstream of the variable area venturi by the engine air flow. The variable area venturi creates a pressure depression proportional to the engine air flow motivating the fumigation fuel/air mixture to flow into the engine along with the main air stream at a rate related to the engine load and speed. The variable area venturi includes a housing having a downstream branch connected to a conventional demand-type mixer which is supplied with the fumigation fuel via a demand-type regulator, and air through a filter from the atmosphere. The variable area venturi is formed by a spring-loaded, normally closed flapper valve which variably opens in response to air drawn through the housing by the engine.

Abstract: Processes for operating gasoline engines with spark plug ignition of gasolines containing manganese compound additives such as pentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT), the gasoline being essentially free of lead, sodium and barium compounds, thereby avoiding fouling of the spark plugs with glass-like deposits formed from the oxide reaction products of sodium or barium and manganese; the lubricating oils in the crankcase of said engines being essentially free from lead, sodium and barium compounds; processes for operating gasoline engines having an exhaust system with a catalytic converter for conversion of hydrocarbon emissions and carbon monoxide emissions to water and carbon dioxide with the same types of gasolines, and preventing fouling of the catalyst in said converter by glass-like deposits formed thereon by oxidation products of sodium and/or barium compounds with manganese by operating said engine in the absence of lead, sodium and barium compounds in the combustion chambers of the engine, its exhaust

Abstract: The method of cleaning a fuel injection type internal combustion engine wherein the engine has a block, a combustion chamber, fuel injectors operatively connected to a fuel tank and a fuel pump, an engine starting mechanism and a fuel supply line connecting the fuel tank and the fuel injectors with the fuel pump imposed in the fuel supply line, and a fuel return line connecting the fuel injectors and the fuel tank, wherein the fuel pump is rendered inoperative and the fuel return line is blocked. A combination of fuel and cleaning fluids is imposed under pressure into the fuel supply line. The engine is then started and operated on the supply of fuel and cleaning fluid which have passed through the fuel injectors. After the engine has been operated for a period of time, perhaps 15 minutes or so, the engine is shut off, the fuel return line is unblocked, and the fuel pump is restored to its original condition.

Abstract: A process, an apparatus and an agent for the continuous supply of internal combustion engines and/or auxiliary devices thereof with additives are described, the additive being metered continuously into a line, in which an excess liquid operating agent of the combustion engine and/or the auxiliary device is returned to a supply tank.

Abstract: Mixtures of nitrocellulose and polyether are used as ignition improvers for alcoholic propellants.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cleaning the fuel injection system of a vehicle without disassembling the fuel injectors from the vehicle engine, the apparatus comprising a mechanism for feeding a solvent-fuel mixture into the fuel supplying system of the engine, a control system for the feeding mechanism and a series of connectors between the fuel injection system and both the feeding mechanism and the control system. The metod includes connecting the feeding mechanism and the control system to the engine fuel injection system and running the engine to clean the fuel injectors on site without disassembling the fuel injectors from the vehicle engine.

Abstract: A motor vehicle theft deterrent device comprising a supply of oil or other oily fluid introduced into the motor vehicle engine intake through one of the engine suction lines upon operation of the engine while a hidden switch is closed and turns on a valve disposed in the line connecting a reservoir containing the oil or oily fluid to the engine intake. The excess oil or oily fluid being ingested by the engine causes a telltale cloud of smoke at the exhaust and causes malfunction of the engine.

Abstract: A device used with a fuel charging system in which nitrous oxide is injected into the engine to provide a sudden burst of power to the vehicle. A pressurized cylinder of liquid nitrous oxide is connected to the engine through a delivery conduit and a solenoid valve. A jacket preferably formed of a silicone hose is placed about a portion of the delivery conduit forming a cooling chamber about the conduit. A manifold closes one end of the cooling chamber and an orifice block closes the other end. First and second solenoid valves are connected to the manifold. The first valve purges gaseous nitrous oxide from the delivery conduit and injects it into the cooling chamber where the expanding gas lowers the temperature of the nitrous oxide in the conduit to maintain it in a liquid state prior to being injected into the vehicle engine upon actuation of the second solenoid valve.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, the actual volume of a liquid chemical additive used to treat fuel is measured by an additive flow transducer so that a desired mix ratio can be maintained. In a first preferred embodiment, the amount of additive measured is converted to an equivalent volume treated fuel, and displayed. The user watches the display and stops adding additive when the display indicates that he has already added sufficient additive to treat the actual amount of fuel to be added to the fuel tank. In a second preferred embodiment, the user sets in the desired mix ratio and the volume of fuel that is to be added to the tank, and an electrically driven pump adds additive to the tank until a desired mix ratio obtains. In a third preferred embodiment, both the cumulative fuel flow and cumulative additive flow are sensed and the rate of additive flow is controlled by an automatic control system seeks to maintain a desired mix ratio.

Abstract: A diesel engine fuel supply system wherein additives for improving the cetane number of diesel fuel are mixed with the diesel fuel and wherein return fuel containing such additives are recirculated to the engine without being passed to the fresh fuel tank.

Abstract: A modified two-stroke or four-stroke internal combustion engine comprises means and a method for increasing the power output of an internal combustion engine by providing a non-combustible fluid to the engine. The engine transfers thermal energy of combustion to the non-combustible fluid, thereby causing expansion of the fluid, and includes means for converting expansion of the fluid to mechanical power.

Abstract: A fluid injector for internal combustion engines in which the fluid flow to the engine is indicated in the driver's compartment and in which a mixing chamber in the compartment communicates with a primary vacuum line of the engine and with a fluid reservoir. A valve is disposed between the reservoir and the chamber to prevent the flow of fluid from the reservoir when the engine is not running. A needle valve is disposed in a fluid inlet port for adjusting the volume of fluid entering the chamber. An adjustable air inlet port is disposed in the chamber, and a vacuum gauge is provided for monitoring the vacuum in the chamber. The vacuum from the primary vacuum line draws fluid into the chamber from the reservoir, where the fluid mixes with air and the mixture is drawn to the engine carburetor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cleaning and testing the fuel injection system of a vehicle without disassembling the fuel injectors from the vehicle engine. The cleaning apparatus comprises a mechanism for feeding a solvent-fuel cleaning mixture into the fuel supplying system of the engine, a control system for the feeding mechanism and a series of connectors between the fuel injection system and both the feeding mechanism and the control system. The method includes connecting the feeding mechanism and the control system to the engine fuel injection system and running the apparatus to clean the fuel injectors on site without disassembling the fuel injectors from the vehicle engine. The testing apparatus may be performed statically or dynamically with the cleaning apparatus. The static testing mechanism involves disassembly of the fuel injectors from the engine.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for removing combustion chamber deposits during normal engine operation by advancing spark timing during intermittent series of compression strokes for each cylinder of a spark-ignition, internal-combustion engine in turn.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine includes a fuel pump which draws fuel from a supply tank. A subsidiary fuel tank receives fuel from the supply by way of a conduit which incorporates a one way valve. The inlet of the pump is connected to a pipe which extends to adjacent the lower wall of the subsidiary tank. The subsidiary tank can be pressurized with air to force fuel towards the pump and a safety valve is fitted to the subsidiary tank to limit the pressure build up therein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an outboard motor comprising a cylinder, a crankcase extending from the cylinder and including an upper portion having a bearing and a lower portion having a drainage outlet, a transfer passage extending between the cylinder and the crankcase, a drains return inlet in one of the cylinder and the transfer passage, a fuel supply system including an inlet manifold communicable with the cylinder and having a drains outlet and a carburetor communicating with the inlet manifold and having a drainage outlet, an overboard drain, and a valve and conduit system selectively operable for communicating the overboard drain with each of the manifold drains outlet, the crankcase drains outlet, and the carburetor drainage outlet, for communicating the crankcase bearing and the drains return inlet with the manifold drains outlet and the crankcase drains outlet, and for closing the carburetor drainage outlet.

Abstract: This invention relates to a canister retainer assembly for holding an aerosol canister of starting fluid in an upright position against a mechanical or an electrical valve. This canister retainer assembly is comprised of an adapter and a canister holder. The adapter is securely attached at one end to the mechanical or electrical valve and is opened at the other end. Located near the open end of the adapter is an attachment means, such as internal threads. The canister holder, which is comprised of a hollow tubular member with an open end and a closed end, is designed to be joined to the adapter by external attachment means. Such an assembly is capable of both holding an aerosol canister in an upright position against a diesel engine and of being inverted to seal off the inlet opening of the mechanical or electrical valve when no canister is present.

Abstract: An engine efficiency device is provided for use in conjunction with an internal combustion engine having an air intake means, such as a carburetor, for mixing fuel with the inducted air to form a combustible charge for the engine. The engine efficiency device comprises a source of petroleum distillates and a pump which feeds the petroleum distillates from the source and into the inducted air flow to the engine continuously during the operation of the engine. In the preferred form of the invention, the petroleum distillate is an aliphatic petroleum naptha-mineral spirit produced by the process of alkylation.

Abstract: When the operating condition of an engine is in a predetermined knock-development range, an antiknock agent is supplied to the engine. The ignition timing of the engine is advanced after a predetermined time has elapsed subsequent to the start of supplying the antiknock agent.

Abstract: A system for delivering a catalyst into a forced draft entry port of a chemical reaction chamber, such as a fossil-fuel combustion chamber, includes a container having an aqueous solution of the catalyst. A suction line extends from an air space above the solution to the entry port. An intake line at atmospheric pressure enters the container and has an end submerged below the surface of the aqueous solution, the submerged end having a float for maintaining the end at a predetermined distance below the surface and thereby establishing a predetermined back pressure. A layer of oil floats on top of the aqueous solution and may contain a second dissolved catalyst. The air from the intake line bubbles up through the aqueous solution and the oil layer absorbing minute quantities of the catalysts which are carried by the air into the reaction chamber. Rhenium and manganese catalysts improve the efficiency of fossil-fuel combustion such as that of the home oil burner and the automotive engine.

Abstract: Nitric acid esters of monosaccharides and/or polysaccharides can be used as ignition improvers for alcoholic fuels for internal combustion engines.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an outboard motor comprising a cylinder, a crankcase extending from the cylinder and including an upper portion having a bearing and a lower portion having a drainage outlet, a transfer passage extending between the cylinder and the crankcase, a drains return inlet in one of the cylinder and the transfer passage, a fuel supply system including an inlet manifold communicable with the cylinder and having a drains outlet and a carburetor communicating with the inlet manifold and having a drainage outlet, an overboard drain, and a valve and conduit system selectively operable for communicating the overboard drain with each of the manifold drains outlet, the crankcase drains outlet, and the carburetor drainage outlet, for communicating the crankcase bearing and the drains return inlet with the manifold drains outlet and the crankcase drains outlet, and for closing the carburetor drainage outlet.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is shown having an intake manifold and carburetor to which water is injected or sprayed by an electrically powered pump receiving water from a reservoir; switches responsive to engine temperature, engine oil pressure and engine intake manifold vacuum serve to determine whether the circuitry for energizing the pump will be opened or closed; a valve member responsive to the intake manifold vacuum serves to permit a greater rate of flow of the water to the engine upon the manifold vacuum decreasing to a predetermined magnitude.

Abstract: An improvement in the cetane number of diesel fuels is achieved through the addition of a small, but effective, amount of a dithiocarbamate or a sulfonamide.

Abstract: A method of operating an internal combustion engine, includes adding to the fuel being supplied to the engine, a combustible oil or grease in a minor proportion of the weight of the fuel. The oil preferably is a member selected from the group consisting of petroleum oil and vegetable oil, and the grease preferably is a member selected from the group consisting of petroleum grease and animal fat grease. The apparatus for use with the internal combustion engine includes a reservoir device for storing a quantity of the fuel additive, and a mixing device which disperses small quantities of the additive, received from the reservoir device, with fuel flowing therethrough to form a fuel mixture for use in the engine.

Abstract: A method of operating a spark ignition internal combustion engine with unleaded gasoline is disclosed wherein methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) is used as a primary antiknock compound and from about 5 to about 60 moles of benzoylacetone or methyl benzoylacetone per mole of manganese is used as a co-antiknock compound. These co-antiknock compounds are particularly suitable because they do not react with wet rusted steel in gasoline distribution systems, nor with terneplate surface coatings in automobile fuel storage tanks.

Abstract: The subject invention involves providing a novel fluid or liquid fuel for combustion engines.

Abstract: Fuel additive fluid is induced at two locations relative to the throttle valve of an atomizing carburetor. A first stream of fluid is induced at an upstream position located at or upstream of the throttle valve such that the throttle valve can be closed to block the passageway from the upstream position to the combustion chamber and thereby regulate the flow of fluid therebetween. A second stream of additive fluid is induced at a position downstream of the throttle valve, from which position there is an uninterrupted passageway to the combustion chamber. The fluid is delivered to both positions from a single compartment of a heat exchange device wherein waste engine heat is transfered to the fluid prior to induction.

Abstract: An antidetonant injection system for use in an internal combustion engine system having a novel valve in which the amount of antidetonant allowed to flow through the valve is directly related to the amount of engine demand ranging from zero flow when the engine is idling to maximum flow when the engine is at full throttle or under maximum load.

Abstract: An on-board motor vehicle fuel treatment system for a vehicle having primary and secondary fuel tanks, includes a discrete reservoir for liquid fuel supplement, an electrically powerable constant volumetric displacement pump, a transfer line having a suction line connecting the reservoir to the pump and a delivery line connecting the pump to the tanks, a check valve in each of the suction and delivery lines, a selector valve in the delivery line for normally connecting the pump to the primary tank and alternatively connecting the pump to the secondary tank, a normally open pump switch, an adjustable timer for maintaining the pump switch closed for a duration of time has a timer control for basing time duration on the basis of untreated volumetric units of fuel, and a switch for starting the timer and adjustable time duration for each volumetric unit on the timer control; the timer controlled pump switch is wired in series with the pump and a normally open selector valve switch is wired in series with the pump

Abstract: Process for operating a furnace or a combustion engine which comprises burning in said furnace or said combustion engine a mixture of polycyclic, polycarboxylic acids obtained by oxidizing coal with aqueous nitric acid, separating from the resulting product an aqueous phase and a solid phase and then extracting the solid phase with a solvent to recover said mixture.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for thoroughly mixing ethanol and air in the right proportion for efficient combustion in the engine consisting the active steps of aspirating the air by means of the vacuum pressure developed by the piston displacement of the engine in the intake stroke; bubbling said air into the liquid ethanol thereby evaporating said ethanol; mixing them in a homogeneous air-fuel flammable mixture; and introducing the mixture into the engine's intake manifold.

Abstract: A fuel supplement supplying device for an internal combustion engine to add a liquid additive such as water, methanol, or the like into the air being introduced prior to be mixed with a fuel is disclosed. The device includes a hollow vaporizing head of porous material disposed within the induction duct leading to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to define a constricted annular zone between the head and the induction duct. The liquid additive as above is fed from a reservoir via a feed line to the vaporizing head where the same is subjected to the negative pressure in response to a vacuum developed in the induction duct upon operation of the engine to whereby be sucked or seeped out through the porous wall of the vaporizing head into the stream of the air passing through said constricted annular zone. The liquid additive thus seeped out is vaporized on the surface of the head in the passing air to moisten the introducing air prior to being mixed with fuel.

Abstract: A fluid injection system for an internal combustion engine such as a spark-ignition engine in which an injection nozzle injects a finely divided spray of fluid, such as water or a water solution, into the engine in response to a flow of atomizing air. The nozzle is connected to a fluid supply reservoir and to the outlet line of an air-injection pump that is connected to an electronic control circuit which includes a detonation sensor coupled to the intake manifold. The electronic circuit operates the pump in response to detonation of the fuel charge in the combustion chamber by virtue of its connection to the detonation sensor. As a result, the flow of atomizing air to the nozzle and therefore the rate and magnitude of water injection is responsive to fuel detonation. An inductive pickup can also be provided that is coupled to the ignition system of the engine and connected to the electronic circuit so that the pump is also operated in response to engine speed.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment a spark-ignited gasoline-fueled reciprocating internal combustion engine is advantageously operated with a fuel-lean air-fuel mixture, when the gasoline fuel contains about 1% to 5% by volume of a dialkyl peroxide, such as ditertiary butyl peroxide.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for producing an emulsified fuel continuously is disclosed. The emulsion is maintained by recirculating the emulsion and adding a ratio of fuel and water to the system to achieve a desired fuel/water ratio in the recirculation loop.

Abstract: A method of conditioning diesel engines is described. In accordance with the method, a diesel engine is operated on a diesel fuel containing from about 20-30 ppm of dicyclopentadienyl iron or an equivalent amount of a derivative thereof for a period of time sufficient to eliminate carbon deposits from the combustion surfaces of the engine and to deposit a layer of iron oxide on the combustion surfaces, which layer is effective to prevent further buildup of carbon deposits, and subsequently the diesel engine is operated on a maintenance concentration of from about 10-15 ppm of dicyclopentadienyl iron or an equivalent amount of a derivative thereof on a continuous basis. The maintenance concentration is effective to maintain the catalytic iron oxide layer on the combustion surfaces but insufficient to decrease timing delay in the engine.

Abstract: Alcohol and water are mixed as liquids in a volume ratio of water to alcohol in the range 0.3-1.0 to 1. The liquid mixture is heated in heat exchanging relation with the exhaust conduit of a gasoline operated internal combustion engine, to convert the mixture to a gaseous state which is then combined with a mixture of gasoline and air for introduction into the engine. The water-alcohol mixture is 3-14 vol. % of the gasoline.

Abstract: An arrangement for supplying an additive to a fuel-injected air compressing internal combustion engine. The arrangement includes a feeding device arranged at an inlet or intake of the internal combustion engine and a load and/or speed dependent metering device is provided which controls the supply of the additive to the feeding device.

Abstract: A vapor generating device for volatile liquid such as alochol and the like, that can be attached to the carburation system of existing internal combustion engines in order to effectively facilitate the introduction of alcohol vapor inside the combustion chamber of the engine together with the atomized gasoline.

Abstract: An arrangement and method is disclosed for improving the fuel economy of an internal combustion engine of the type having a carburetor for mixing a fuel with air, in which the air is saturated with a mixture of ether, alcohol and water.

Abstract: A vacuum responsive injection system for engines which includes a vacuum conduit extending from a carburetor to a crankcase ventilation valve, injection means in said vacuum conduit connected to a metering means through a tube, the metering means is operatively attached to a liquid containing reservoir having an alcohol water mixture, the metering means includes an air bleed which allows the ratio of liquid to air to be finely varied so that upon demand by the engine through the vacuum, the fluid formed from alcohol, water and air mist can be introduced within the engine for increased mileage, less oil consumption, and removal of carbon.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of introducing a fluid, as water, alcohol, or a mixture of water and alcohol, into intake air of an internal combustion engine. An electric motor drives a pump that delivers fluid under pressure to a nozzle mounted on the cover of an air cleaner above the air inlet of the carburetor. The electric energy supplied to the electric motor is modulated in a manner to operate the motor so that the pump discharges fluid at a rate that maintains the fluid to air/fuel mixture ratio substantially constant over the operating rpm of the engine. An electric control circuit is operably associated with a diaphragm assembly connected to the intake manifold and a light emitting and reflective light sensing component operable to produce an electric signal response to movement of the diaphragm that is proportional to vacuum pressure in the intake manifold.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, the method includes admixing air, gasoline vapor, and vaporous droplets of a water solution of calcium hydroxide in the form of a vaporous mixture which is thereafter heated to a temperature of from about 135 and 145 degrees Fahrenheit, and thereafter mixing the admixture with a gasoline-air fuel mixture to form a final combustion fuel mixture in a heated state, and thereafter burning it in the fuel chamber of an internal combustion engine, where the method is accomplished by the passing of air through a gasoline automobile tank and the bubbling of the mixture of the air and gas vapor by passing through a water solution of the metal hydroxide that also preferably includes a metal chlorate at about 35 to 45 grams per gallon of the water solution of hydroxide, and the heating is accomplished by manifold vacuum drawing the mixture in isolation within a tube of copper through manifold space of an engine prior to admixing it with the gasoline-air fuel mixture.

Abstract: For the improved combustion of hydrocarbon compounds, for example those contained in gasoline, diesel fuel etc., in internal combustion engines a liquid composition comprising hydrogen peroxide, water, aliphatic alcohol having 1-4 carbon atoms, and preferably thin lubricating oil and anticorrosive is admixed with the fuel air mixture in the internal combustion engines.

Abstract: An improved fuel injection system includes the use of an additive supply which may be selectively injected into the combustion chamber of a vehicle's internal combustion engine through the use of a manually controlled, electrically operated pump. The pump is electrically operated by a switch positioned on the dashboard of the vehicle and serves to transfer the fuel additive from an additive tank to a carburetor or fuel injector system. Further, a bypass line is provided around the conventionally employed fuel filters positioned within the regular fuel line so that fuel may be selectively delivered to the combustion chamber in the event that a fuel filter becomes clogged.

Abstract: This invention broadly relates to a fuel system for an internal combustion engine. More particularly the invention concerns a method and apparatus for utilizing alcohol as fuel for gasoline fed internal combustion engine, wherein the alcohol to gasoline ratio is controlled by a double acting metering device and the alcohol fuel is vaporized using heated positive crankcase ventilation gas.

Abstract: A vapor injection system for introducing water vapor into an internal combustion engine includes a housing having first, second, and third chambers within the housing. An inlet conducts water into the first chamber from an unpressurized water container. A filter separates the first chamber from the second chamber. A small orifice extends from the second chamber into a third chamber. An airtight tube connects the third chamber to an opening in a carburetor of the internal combustion engine, the opening being located above a throttle valve of the carburetor. When the engine is running, reduced air pressure exists in the carburetor above the throttle valve and therefore in the third chamber. The orifice is sufficiently small that water passing from the second chamber into the lower pressure third chamber immediately vaporized as it enters the third chamber. The water vapor passes through the tube into the carburetor.

Abstract: A system for blending and mixing a supplemental unconventional fuel or fuels with the regular fuel or fuels utilized by a fuel consuming device, such as an internal combustion engine, furnace or other device that uses conventional petroleum fuels which enables the owner or user of the fuel consuming device to utilize supplemental fuels. The system enables the owner or user of the fuel consuming device to control or adjust the quantity of supplemental fuel that is added to the fuel system of the device and enables the owner or user to operate the device selectively with or without using the supplemental fuel mixture. In order to enable the device that is consuming the supplemental fuel or fuels, blend of supplemental fuel or fuels and regular fuel or fuels or regular fuel or fuels there is a mechanism forming part of this invention to regulate the temperature to keep the temperature of the fuels consuming device within the desired operating range for the fuels consuming device.

Abstract: A diesel fuel supply system for use with a diesel engine including a fuel pump for supplying fuel to the engine, a fuel tank connected to the pump for delivering fuel to the pump, a fuel additive tank, a valve, conduits connecting the additive tank to the pump through the valve in parallel to the fuel tank, and an operator for selectively operating the valve.