Abstract: An improved fuel injection system includes the use of an additive supply which may be selectively injected into the combustion chamber of a vehicle's internal combustion engine through the use of a manually controlled, electrically operated pump. The pump is electrically operated by a switch positioned on the dashboard of the vehicle and serves to transfer the fuel additive from an additive tank to a carburetor or fuel injector system. Further, a bypass line is provided around the conventionally employed fuel filters positioned within the regular fuel line so that fuel may be selectively delivered to the combustion chamber in the event that a fuel filter becomes clogged.

Abstract: A soot treatment device for a Diesel engine comprises a soot collector arranged in an exhaust gas system including a cyclone, wire nets and an atomizer for spraying engine oil into exhaust gases passing through the soot collector, an oil supply circuit for supplying the engine oil to the soot collector, an oil feed circuit for feeding the engine oil containing soot collected in the soot collector to a fuel system of the engine and control means for actuating these circuits at determined timing, thereby again burning the collected soot together with fuel in the engine.

Abstract: This invention broadly relates to a fuel system for an internal combustion engine. More particularly the invention concerns a method and apparatus for utilizing alcohol as fuel for gasoline fed internal combustion engine, wherein the alcohol to gasoline ratio is controlled by a double acting metering device and the alcohol fuel is vaporized using heated positive crankcase ventilation gas.

Abstract: An improved process and apparatus for preparing a gaseous mixture of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide to be supplied to the air/fuel mixture of a combustion engine is disclosed. The process and apparatus are useful in reducing the amount of noxious components and aldehydes in the engine exhaust gas. In one embodiment of the invention, an improved process and combustion engine are provided for reducing the noxious components and aldehydes. Recycled, water vapor-containing exhaust gas is mixed with at least one lower alcohol. Subsequently, the lower alcohol is catalytically steam reformed in the presence of the exhaust gas to form a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, at least a portion of the water vapor and energy required for the steam reforming being provided by the exhaust gas.

Abstract: In a system and process which forms reaction products particulates in an exhaust gas, a substantial portion of the reaction products are separated in a concentrated form by a first stage for delivery to a collector and reaction products remaining in the exhaust gas are separated by a final stage which incorporates the reaction products in one reactant. The reactant incorporating the reaction products subsequently reacts and repeatedly passes through the stages of separation thereby collecting substantially all of the reaction products in concentrated form by the first stage and providing a clean exhaust gas after the final stage without adding substantially to system weight or complexity.

Abstract: A fuel slurry and engine systems for using the slurry are disclosed. The fuel slurry is a uniform mixture of water and 20 to 50 percent by weight of particulate coal of maximum size equal to 20 microns, the small size promoting complete combustion of the coal and minimizing engine wear due to particles of ash. Engine systems for utilizing the slurry of micronized coal and water are described, the preferred system including a slow-speed, two-stroke turbo-charged diesel engine. Preferred compositions of the fuel slurry are discussed and their behavior in engine systems is analyzed. Also disclosed are techniques for enhancing its ignition.

Abstract: A reciprocating motor, comprising: a piston/cylinder assembly, having an input/output port; an electrolytic cell for generating a combustible mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases, the cell being connected to the input/output port of the piston/cylinder assembly; and, means for igniting the combustible mixture in the cylinder, the piston being first driven outwardly by the force of the exploding gas mixture, and immediately afterward, being pulled back by a vacuum formed when the exploded gas mixture recombines into a trace amount of water, whereby a single charge of the combustible gas mixture achieves a double power stroke. The input/output port is preferably funnel shaped, the larger end being directed into the cylinder, and the smaller end being directed into the electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell utilizes sets of bipolar electrodes in the form of laminated panels having a wrap-around overlapping border. A free wheeling piston can be utilized to drive a pump.

Abstract: A system for blending and mixing a supplemental unconventional fuel or fuels with the regular fuel or fuels utilized by a fuel consuming device, such as an internal combustion engine, furnace or other device that uses conventional petroleum fuels which enables the owner or user of the fuel consuming device to utilize supplemental fuels. The system enables the owner or user of the fuel consuming device to control or adjust the quantity of supplemental fuel that is added to the fuel system of the device and enables the owner or user to operate the device selectively with or without using the supplemental fuel mixture. In order to enable the device that is consuming the supplemental fuel or fuels, blend of supplemental fuel or fuels and regular fuel or fuels or regular fuel or fuels there is a mechanism forming part of this invention to regulate the temperature to keep the temperature of the fuels consuming device within the desired operating range for the fuels consuming device.

Abstract: An excess air factor control device for an alcohol reformed gas engine comprises a primary air valve, a reformed gas supply device interlocked with the primary air valve, a primary air flow meter for measuring primary air flow rate, a gas flow meter for measuring reformed gas flow rate, a secondary air valve for a secondary air controlled by the reformed gas flow rate and an alcohol adding device controlled by the primary air flow rate and reformed gas flow rate, thereby supplying alcohol to the engine when the supply of the reformed gas becomes little or is stopped.

Abstract: Hydrogen gas filled hollow hole-free microspheres are stored in a chamber. The microspheres are directed from the storage chamber to a heated chamber where the hydrogen gas is diffused through the outer surface of the microspheres and delivered to an engine for use as a fuel. After substantially all the hydrogen gas is removed, the microspheres are transported to another storage chamber from which they are completely removed for refilling with hydrogen gas while the first mentioned storage chamber is refilled with fueled microspheres.

Abstract: Certain applications of liquid fuel, storable liquid oxidant internal combustion engines require the oxidant to be formed as needed and that only minimal amounts of oxidant need be stored.

Abstract: The present invention entails a method and apparatus for producing alcohol and mixing the produced alcohol with a conventional petroleum fuel to form an alcohol-petroleum fuel mix which is typically referred to as gasohol. A grain base material such as animal feed or crushed corn is allowed to ferment and during this process there is produced an alcohol base solution which is removed from the mash fermentation and delivered to a boiler mounted on a vehicle. During operation of the vehicle, heat from the vehicle engine exhaust is selectively directed to the boiler and the fermented alcohol base solution contained therein is heated by this exhaust air. As the alcohol base solution is heated there is produced an alcohol vapor which is directed from the boiler to a condenser where the alcohol vapor becomes liquid alcohol. The liquid alcohol is then collected and selectively mixed with a petroleum fuel carried by said vehicle to form the gasohol mix.

Abstract: For an automobile with a gasoline fuel system wherein fuel is delivered by a fuel pump from the gas tank to a carburetor and on to the engine through an intake manifold, a substitute non-petroleum fuel system including a storage tank from which liquid fuel is pumped to an atmospherically maintained vaporization tank fitted with a heating coil. Mixed air and fuel vapors, the flow being regulated through a second accelerator, are fed directly from the vaporization tank to the intake manifold of the engine. The vapor tank is also equipped with an electrical resistance heater to facilitate engine starts. An alternative embodiment teaches mechanical linkage and circuitry for selectively operating either the gas or substitute fuel system through a single accelerator pedal.

Abstract: A system for delivering a catalyst into a forced draft entry port of a chemical reaction chamber, such as a fossil fuel combustion chamber, includes a container having an aqueous solution of the catalyst. A suction line extends from an air space above the solution to the entry port. An intake line at atmospheric pressure enters the container and has an end submerged below the surface of the aqueous solution, the submerged end having a float for maintaining the end at a predetermined distance below the surface and thereby establishing a predetermined back pressure. A layer of oil floats on top of the aqueous solution and may contain a second dissolved catalyst. Air from the intake line bubbles up through the aqueous solution and the oil layer absorbing minute quantities of of the catalysts which are carried by the air into the reaction chamber. Platinum and manganese catalysts improve the efficiency of fossil fuel combustion such as that of the home oil burner.

Abstract: A fuel system for and a method of operating an internal combustion engine wherein an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide is injected into the combustion chamber after a conventional fuel and combustion gas mix (i.e. gasoline-air) has been ignited. The hydrogen peroxide and water charge supplies additional oxygen to insure complete combustion of the hydrocarbon fuel and simultaneously the high energy content present in the hydrogen peroxide serves to boost the power output of the engine. Furthermore, the water in the hydrogen peroxide charge produces a washing effect on the engine combustion chamber which enables combustion to proceed at a lowered temperature which results in lowered NO.sub.x content of the exhaust gas. The more complete fuel combustion brought about by this system also eliminates the need for catalytic converters.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, synthesizing CO and H.sub.2 fuels from methanol in a first synthesizer, and also synthesizing H.sub.2 fuel from CO and water in a second synthesizer, thus upgrading a technically difficult to use fuel to a low polluting, easily usable fuel, by use of the energy from exhaust gas waste heat thus improving the fuel heating value by 20%; the engine fuel system also having an alternate energy source for synthesizing the fuel, the engine also having an additional alternate fuel source for engine starting and operation when the synthesized fuel reservoir is low and electrical battery energy is limited thus allowing time for the heat exchanger synthesizers to warm up to produce CO and H.sub.2 fuel, which is especially required during cold operating seasons.

Abstract: An automotive powertrain includes a conventional piston engine, a continuously variable ratio transmission, an engine speed sensor and a feedback control system. The control system adjusts both the transmission ratio and the throttle valve in the engine carburetor or fuel metering system in response to the position of the accelerator pedal and in response to the crankshaft speed as measured by the engine sensor. The transmission provides extreme overdrive gear ratios which allow the engine to be operated at wide open throttle even during moderate cruising, and, in addition, the engine carburetor or fuel metering system is calibrated to deliver to the engine a stoichiometric air-fuel mixture which is combined, before combustion, with a special proportion of recirculated exhaust gas. As a result of extensive wide open throttle engine operation with the above mentioned intake charge composition, combustion variables are optimized to produce exceptional fuel economy.

Abstract: An improvement to an internal combustion engine having a fuel system for feeding a fuel-air mixture to the combustion chambers and an electrical generation system, such as an alternator. An electrolytic cell is attached adjacent to the engine to generate hydrogen and oxygen upon the application of a voltage between the cathode and anode of the electrolytic cell. The gas feed connects the electrolytic cell to the engine fuel system for feeding the hydrogen and oxygen to the engine combustion chambers. Improvements include placing the electrolytic cell under a predetermined pressure to prevent the electrolyte from boiling off, a cooling system for the electrolytic cell and safety features.

Abstract: The diesel engine of this invention is designed to operate on more than one fuel composition. The auto ignition temperature of each fuel composition can be the same, or it can be different. As a typical example, the engine can be operated using diesel fuel oil, as the primary fuel, and a chlorinated hydrocarbon waste liquid, as the secondary fuel. The waste liquid, which has a higher auto ignition temperature than the diesel fuel, is injected into the combustion chamber of the engine an instant before injection of the diesel fuel. Because of its lower auto ignition temperature, the diesel fuel will ignite first and thus provide a "spark" for igniting the secondary fuel.

Abstract: A liquid fuel and additive mixing apparatus for accurately proportioning the liquid additive into the liquid fuel for a vehicle such as a truck tractor includes a control unit preferably located in the cab of the truck tractor and connected to the vehicle electrical system for supplying electrical power thereto. A pump unit mounted to the truck tractor has an additive reservoir, pump, and valve controlled pressure delivery connections with the fuel tank and electrical connections with the control unit. When a known quantity of fuel is put into the truck tractor fuel tanks, the quantity is entered in the control unit and the control unit is activated to energize the pumps and open the valves for delivery to the fuel tanks of the predetermined quantity ratio of additive to the quantity of fuel put in the fuel tank.

Abstract: A hydrogen fuel system for use in conjunction with and as an alternative to a hydrocarbon fuel system in a motor vehicle or other apparatus having a combustion unit and a mixing device for mixing hydrogen gas with air for introduction into the combustion unit. The hydrogen fuel system includes a hydrogen storage tank for holding hydrogen under pressure, a conduit for conveying hydrogen gas from the tank to the mixing unit, and a solenoid disposed in the conduit and responsive to a first signal for allowing the flow of hydrogen gas to the mixing unit, and responsive to a second signal for preventing flow of hydrogen gas to the mixing unit. Also included is a hydrocarbon fuel tank, a conduit for conveying fuel from the fuel tank to the combustion unit, and a fuel pump responsive to the first signal for preventing flow of fuel from the fuel tank to the combustion unit, and responsive to the second signal for pumping fuel to the combustion unit.

Abstract: An anti-wear compression ignition fuel for use in diesel engines comprising (1) a monohydroxy alkanol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and (2) a wear inhibiting amount of a C.sub.8 to C.sub.20 aliphatic monocarboxylic acid. Optionally, said fuel composition may also contain an ignition accelerator such as an organic nitrate.

Abstract: An improved process and apparatus for preparing a gaseous mixture of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide to be supplied to the air/fuel mixture of a combustion engine is disclosed. The process and apparatus are useful in reducing the amount of noxious components and aldehydes in the engine exhaust gas. In one embodiment of the invention, an improved process and combustion engine are provided for reducing the noxious components and aldehydes. Recycled, water vapor-containing exhaust gas is mixed with at least one lower alcohol. Subsequently, the lower alcohol is catalytically steam reformed in the presence of the exhaust gas to form a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, at least a portion of the water vapor and energy required for the steam reforming being provided by the exhaust gas.

Abstract: Apparatus for degrading safety fuel of the type containing an antimisting polymer and comprising a cylindrical vaned stator and vaned rotor in radially concentric array, whereby rotation of the rotor will cause safety fuel pumped through the apparatus to be subjected to sufficient shear and local acceleration to be degraded to a state acceptable to engines and their control apparatus.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a primary fuel circuit for producing a lean mixture of air and hydrocarbon fuel to be fed into a combustion chamber and a secondary fuel circuit which includes a secondary carburetor for producing a mixture of air and methanol at an air-methanol ratio of less than 2.0. The air-methanol mixture is fed into a reactor vessel having therein a catalyst bed which is heated to facilitate reaction between the components of the air-methanol mixture. By the reaction the air-methanol mixture is converted into a reformed gaseous mixture rich with hydrogen which is then mixed with an air-hydrocarbon fuel mixture to form a composite mixture to be supplied into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with walls delimiting the working space or spaces of the internal combustion engine, in which a hydrogen-impervious, encapsulated metal hydride storage device is provided which is in heat-conducting contact with these walls; the interior of the encapsulation is adapted to be selectively connected to a source of hydrogen and/or to a separate further hydrogen storage device.

Abstract: A method which improves the combustion efficiency of fuel in the internal combustion engine is disclosed. The method is substantially characterized in that a small amount of ammonia gas is incorporated into the hydrocarbon fuel in any position between an air intake port and an intake manifold of the engine. Due to the above addition of ammonia, the combustion of the hydro-carbon fuel in the combustion chamber is enhanced with the improved composition of the discharged gas.

Abstract: In the preparation of a gaseous fuel mixture mainly of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide from a hydrocarbon fuel in the presence of oxygen and water by either the partial combustion process or the catalytic decomposition, the product of catalytic decomposition of an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide is utilized as the oxygen and water sources. When a relatively dilute hydrogen peroxide solution is used, the resulting liquid phase water may be separated from the decomposition product and introduced into either the subsequent reaction system or the produced fuel mixture.

Abstract: Addition of 0.1 to 1.5 percent by weight of wax oxidates to a diesel fuel is found to reduce the amount of soot and invisible particles produced when the fuel is used in a diesel engine. The wax oxidates act synergistically with fuel-soluble organometallic compounds such as alkyl cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl complex salts in reducing particulates. The wax oxidates used have a ratio of Neutralization Number to Saponification Number below about 0.40 and a Saybolt Universal Viscosity at 210.degree. F. higher than 1600.

Abstract: The invention relates to an injection internal combustion engine.The engine has a device for injecting fuel, preferably at high pressure, into the cylinder of cylinders, a device adjusting the injection advance in dependence on the load, and a controlled ignition device, the said engine being arranged to use a fuel other than a petroleum product, preferably an alcohol based product, and being characterized in that its dimensional characteristics are determined to supply a volumetric compression ratio between 12 and 20, preferably between 15 and 18 and in particular close to 16, and in that the device adjusting the injection advance is such that it supplies, at least for starting, a high value of advance, particularly of the order of 180.degree..

Abstract: Dispensing means for dosing a liquid fuel tank of an internal combustion engine with a unit dosage of colloidal magnesium metal dispersed in kerosene comprising a container, cap metering valve at the container bottom and a delivery line from the outlet of the valve between the fuel pump and the carburetor or air injector.

Abstract: The passenger compartment of a motor vehicle operated at least partially on hydrogen may be heated after the engine is shut off by using a LT/HT hydride combination reservoir as the hydride reservoir for the vehicle. The heat capacity of the reservoir, present after the engine is shut off or produced by charging the HT reservoir with hydrogen from the LT reservoir, is supplied at least partially to the passenger compartment.

Abstract: Combustion induced motion of a piston in an internal combustion engine is augmented by the application of an intermittent or variable magnetic field reacting between the engine block and moving piston in a manner such that the piston is magnetically impelled along its path of movement. A permanent magnet is mounted on the piston with its axis of magnetic polarity aligned with the path of travel of the piston. An electromagnet mounted in the engine block is cyclically supplied with electric current to generate a magnetic field reacting with the magnet on the piston to cyclically magnetically attract or repel the piston in synchronism with the motion of the piston induced by fuel ignition. In the case of a reciprocatory piston, switching means are employed to reverse the polarity of the magnetic field in synchronism with the reversal of piston movement. Application of the magnetic field by the electromagnetic may be varied to occur over a selectively varied portion only of each piston stroke.

Abstract: There is disclosed a spark-ignited internal combustion engine wherein a blend of gasoline and alcohol is separated into its gasoline and alcohol phases, with the gasoline being atomized within an induction system, and the alcohol being dissociated into vapors which are mixed with the atomized gasoline in the induction system to provide the fuel for the engine.

Abstract: An anti-wear compression ignition fuel for use in diesel engines comprising (1) a monohydroxy alkanol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and (2) a wear inhibiting amount of a fatty acid amide or ester of diethanolamine. Optionally, said fuel composition may also contain an ignition accelerator such as an organic nitrate.

Abstract: A safety cutoff switch for a hydrogen gas generator system is disclosed. The hydrogen gas generator system is of the type for use with automotive internal combustion engines wherein combustible hydrogen gas generated by the system is co-mingled with exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine and fed into the intake manifold. The hydrogen gas generator system includes a group or groups of hydrogen gas fuel cells which are provided with electrical current generated by alternators driven by the engine or the automotive drive train. The current from the alternators is supplied through the safety cutoff switch and individual, manually operable switches to each fuel cell. The safety cutoff switch comprises a solenoid structure having a spring biased armature carrying an electrical contactor for making an electrical circuit between two electrical contact posts.

Abstract: An anti-wear compression ignition fuel for use in diesel engines comprising (1) a monohydroxy alkanol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and (2) a wear inhibiting amount of an N-hydroxy hydrocarbonamide, e.g. N-hydroxy oleamide. Optionally, said fuel composition may also contain an ignition accelerator such as an organic nitrate.

Abstract: An anti-wear compression ignition fuel for use in diesel engines comprising (1) a monohydroxy alkanol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, (2) an ignition accelerator and (3) a wear inhibiting amount of a dimerized unsaturated fatty acid.

Abstract: An improved means and process for providing for the removal of hydrogen from a catalytic cathode means whereby the hydrogen may be recombined with oxygen to provide explosive force to power an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A unique process is disclosed for modifying an automobile engine to improve fuel economy and reduce harmful exhaust emissions by introducing water and an oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide, when the engine is under load. The carburetor of a standard engine is adjusted to provide a very lean air-fuel mixture and to increase the air-fuel ratio substantially (e.g., 10 to 20 percent). The amount of hydrogen peroxide injected into the engine depends on the rate of fuel flow and may be regulated by the throttle valve or intake manifold pressure. Means are provided for maintaining a supply of hydrogen peroxide including a high pressure mixing tank containing water and hydrogen peroxide and a pair of removable oxygen tanks for a continuous supply of oxygen to the tank.

Abstract: A lean mixture, rich in hydrogen, is introduced into the combustion chamber. Fuel is then injected to the center of the chamber to provide a rich strata. The rapid flame front propagation due to the hydrogen minimizes the HC production quench.

Abstract: A fuel supply system is provided for engines which are adapted to operate on gaseous hydrogen fuel and which utilize a fuel tank containing a metal hydride for the storage of hydrogen. The system provides for high pressure operation when the hydride in the fuel tank is fully charged with hydrogen, as well as for operation at low pressures to allow maximum utilization of the hydrogen stored in the hydride. A supply conduit, which can supply the hydrogen needed during normal operation of the engine with minimal pressure drop, connects the storage tank to the fuel intake of the engine. A bypass conduit is provided having one end thereof connected to the supply conduit and its other end reconnected to the supply conduit downstream of the first connection. Valve means are adapted to direct the flow of hydrogen either directly through the supply conduit or to divert the flow of hydrogen from the supply conduit through the bypass conduit and back to the supply conduit downstream from the valve means.

Abstract: An anti-wear compression ignition fuel for use in diesel engines comprising (1) a monohydroxy alkanol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, (2) an ignition accelerator and (3) a wear inhibiting amount of a dimerized unsaturated fatty acid and an ester of a phosphorus acid.

Abstract: There is disclosed an engine additive supply and control device, for supplying a fuel supplement in small amounts which will have many desirable effects on operation of the vehicle or apparatus which is being driven by an engine to which the additive is being supplied along with the fuel and air mixture, the quantity of supply being controlled in response to manifold vacuum conditions and flow of additive through the device being controlled by passage way, opening and fluid line sizes, in the device, which are coordinated to prevent surging, flooding and to minimize consumption, while providing adequate quantities to produce the desired interaction with the fuel/air mixture, a container, a body with suitable wells and passages and interconnections being provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for increasing the power of internal combustion engines is disclosed and includes the method step of injecting pure oxygen, under pressure, into the combustion chamber of the engine after ignition of the usual fuel mixture. The apparatus includes a source of oxygen under pressure, suitable lines leading to a distributing valve which is controlled by the cam shaft of the engine and suitable lines leading from the distributing valve to the individual cylinders. The apparatus also includes a one way check valve to avoid back feed of exhaust gas into the oxygen system.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine designed to operate with hydrogen fuel, comprises means for mixing water in the form of droplets, spray, or mist with gaseous hydrogen. The water-containing hydrogen gas is then introduced along with air in proportion for practical internal combustion and efficient power output to the cylinders or combustion chambers of the engine for combustion. In one embodiment of the invention, water vapor is condensed from the exhaust gases from the engine, and the condensed water is used as the source of water to be mixed with hydrogen fuel so as to provide a continuing, self-supporting system. The resulting exhaust emissions from the engine are very low in oxides of nitrogen, and, in addition, engine backfiring is eliminated while the efficiency and power output of the engine is improved.

Abstract: A diesel fuel supply system for use with a diesel engine including a fuel pump for supplying fuel to the engine, a fuel tank connected to the pump for delivering fuel to the pump, a fuel additive tank, a valve, conduits connecting the additive tank to the pump through the valve in parallel to the fuel tank, and an operator for selectively operating the valve.

Abstract: A fuel reforming system for an internal combustion engine comprises a fuel circuit connected at its downstream end to the engine and including a carburetor for producing a rich air-fuel mixture and a fuel reforming reactor vessel containing a catalyst for facilitating a catalytic reformation of the mixture into a reformed gaseous mixture rich with free hydrogen. The carburetor is provided with a primary air intake passage with a venturi into which air and fuel are fed to produce a rich air-fuel mixture. The carburetor is also provided with a secondary air intake passage bypassing the venturi and connected to the fuel circuit downstream of the venturi. A valve is provided on the carburetor to control the cross-sectional area of the secondary air intake passage in accordance with the temperature in the engine or the reactor vessel, by the carburetor is adjusted according to the engine or reactor vessel temperature.

Abstract: A gaseous fuel is used in a precombustion chamber for igniting lean fuel-oxidant mixtures in a main combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.The precombustion chamber preferably utilizes a highly combustible gaseous fuel which burns clean with little or no deposits and produces no pollutants.The combustion gas products from the precombustion chamber are injected into the main combustion chamber at high temperature and at high velocity to produce highly efficient turbulent mixing of a lean fuel-oxidant mixture in the main combustion chamber and to produce effective ignition and efficient burning of the fuel at the lean fuel-oxidant ratios in the main combustion chamber for increased engine efficiency and lowered emissions as compared to existing engine systems using conventional spark ignition.The precombustion chamber mechanism incorporates injection structure for producing standing waves in the main combustion chamber to provide a plurality of highly effective ignition points.

Abstract: The engine has a device for injecting fuel, preferably at high pressure, into the cylinder of cylinders, a device adjusting the injection advance in dependence on the load, and a controlled ignition device, the said engine being arranged to use a fuel other than a petroleum product, preferably an alcohol based product, and being characterized in that its dimensional characteristics are determined to supply a volumetric compression ratio between 12 and 20, preferably between 15 and 18 and in particular close to 16, and in that the device adjusting the injection advance is such that it supplies, at least for starting, a high value of advance, particularly of the order of 180.degree..