Abstract: Diesel engines modified to be fueled with gaseous fuels experience problems with knocking and pre-ignition, limiting the compression ratio and efficiency of the engine. A new combustion chamber for a gaseous fueled internal combustion engine, in which the combustion chamber is defined by a cylinder head, a bore in a cylinder block and a piston reciprocating in the bore, comprises a piston portion of the combustion chamber defined by a recessed shape in a piston crown; and a head portion of the combustion chamber defined by a recessed surface in the cylinder head. A ratio between the piston portion of combustion chamber volume and the head portion of combustion chamber volume is in a range of 0.7 to 1.3.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including a fuel reformation cylinder for reforming a fuel and an output cylinder for yielding an engine power by combusting a fuel or a reformed fuel, wherein at least a part of the surfaces constituting a volume-variable reaction chamber of the fuel reformation cylinder has a highly heat-insulative material.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for an injector assembly including an injector tip having a prechamber, such as a permanent, passive prechamber (PPPC), and a nozzle combustion shield (NCS) to mitigate pre-ignition events, such as knocking, caused by overheating of the prechamber. The NCS has a thermal conductivity greater than the injector tip. The NCS optionally includes a barrel forming a slip fit with the cylinder head bore and forming a press fit with the injector tip. The NCS also optionally includes a brim to form a combustion seal with a cylinder head. As the spark plug ignites a fuel charge in the prechamber, heat is absorbed into the injector tip, flows into the NCS barrel, out of the NCS brim, and into the cylinder head for cooling via a cooling jacket.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is disclosed. The engine may have a cylinder that defines a combustion chamber for combusting an air/fuel mixture. The engine may also have a piston reciprocally movable within the cylinder between a top dead center (TDC) and a bottom dead center (BDC). The piston may have an uppermost piston ring configured to sealingly contact the cylinder. The engine may have an annular crevice facing the combustion chamber. The crevice may be defined by the cylinder, the piston, and the uppermost piston ring. The engine may also have a flow channel fluidly connected to the combustion chamber. The flow channel may direct unburned air/fuel-mixture out of the combustion chamber. The at least one flow channel may be fluidly connected to the annular crevice for a crank angle range of about 85° to 95° and about 265° to 275° after the top dead center (TDC).

Abstract: Variable compression ratio engines and methods for homogeneous charge, compression ignition operation. The engines effectively premix the fuel and air well before compression ignition. Various embodiments are disclosed including embodiments that include two stages of compression to obtain compression ratios well above the mechanical compression ratio of the engine cylinders for compression ignition of difficult to ignite fuels, and a controllable combustion chamber volume for limiting the maximum temperature during combustion. Energy storage with energy management are also disclosed.

Abstract: Technology is provided for a fuel injector mounting system for mounting an injector to an engine cylinder liner. The system includes an injector adapter having an adapter body including a first end portion threaded for engagement with a cylinder liner and an injector port formed in the adapter body opposite the first end portion. The injector port includes a plurality of concentric bores configured to receive the proximal end portion of an injector. A flange extends transversely from the adapter body and a collar engages a portion of the injector and connects to the flange to retain the injector in the adapter. A transverse passageway extends through a sidewall of the adapter body and intersects the injector port and an annular fitting is disposed on the injector adapter for fluid communication with the transverse passageway. An injector support bracket attaches a distal end portion of the injector to the engine.

Abstract: A two-stroke internal combustion engine includes at least one gaseous communication charge passage between a crankcase chamber and a combustion chamber of the engine and a piston to open and close the top end of the transfer passage. The air inlet port to the transfer passage for stratified scavenging is opened and closed by the piston that has passages and cutouts. The charge inlet to the crankcase chamber is opened and closed by the piston. The air inlet passage is substantially asymmetrical to the layout of the transfer passages and are closer to one transfer passage compared to the other. The internal air passage in the piston is substantially parallel to the piston pin and the single air inlet passage is laterally off-set from the air-fuel inlet passage. The transfer passages are cover by plates to make them closed passages having opening at the transfer port in the cylinder and opening in the crankcase chamber for periodical gaseous communication between the crankcase chamber and the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An engine includes a cylinder block, and a piston slidably mounted in a cylinder, with the cylinder block being formed with an exhaust passage leading to a combustion chamber through an exhaust port, a first scavenging port opened to an inner circumferential surface of the cylinder, a first communication passage formed from the first scavenging port in a radial direction of the cylinder, and a first scavenging passage formed with an opening on a bottom surface of the first communication passage, in which a side surface on a far side from the exhaust port forming the communication passage is formed towards the far side from the exhaust port in the combustion chamber, and the opening portion of the first scavenging passage and a landing portion formed in the periphery of the opening portion are formed at a bottom portion of the communication passage.

Abstract: A gas-powered tool motor includes a combustion chamber with an intake valve at one end, an exhaust valve at another end, and a control plate or control valve between two portions of the combustion chamber. A piston or other positive displacement device is in communication with the combustion chamber. The intake and exhaust valves have closure members that are movable along a common axis in tandem between collective open positions for recharging the combustion chamber with the fuel and air mixture and collective closed positions for detonating the fuel and air mixture in the combustion chamber and displacing the positive displacement device. The control plate or control valve supports limited air flows from a first portion of the combustion chamber to a second portion of the combustion chamber even in the closed position of the control valve for supporting two-stage combustion.

Abstract: A method for improving combustion in a main combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and a resulting engine are disclosed. The engine includes a main combustion chamber arranged between a head and a reciprocating piston. A heat retaining element is provided between the head and the main combustion chamber. The heat retaining element is configured to reduce heat transfer from the main combustion chamber into the engine head. A precombustion chamber is provided having a reaction chamber. The reaction chamber is configured to be provided with a secondary charge of air/fuel and a first spark igniter.

Abstract: An engine is provided. In one embodiment, the engine includes a precombustion chamber having a body, a secondary combustion chamber disposed at least partially in the body, and a plurality of passages configured to place the precombustion chamber in fluid communication with a main combustion chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a compressor cylinder having a respective inlet, a first outlet and a respective piston slideably movable within the compressor cylinder and operatively connected to a rotating crankshaft. The compressor cylinder provides a first stage of compression to a charge when the charge is transferred from the compressor cylinder during every revolution of the crankshaft. A first power cylinder includes a respective inlet in fluid communication with the first outlet of the compressor cylinder, a respective outlet and a respective piston slideably movable within the first power cylinder and operatively connected to the rotating crankshaft. The first power cylinder provides a second stage of compression and firing of the charge within the first power cylinder every two revolutions of the crankshaft.

Abstract: Method and apparatus to improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines in which compression and combustion of an Air/Fuel mixture is carried out without a compression stroke as used in conventional internal combustion engines and expansion of the combusted mixture is performed to increase the expansion ratio resulting in an increase in the amount of work extracted. An externally compressed Air/Fuel Mixture is combusted in a variable volume combustion chamber and expanded into a conventional cylinder displacing a power piston to produce rotation of a crankshaft to drive a vehicle or other device. Separation of the variable volume combustion chamber from the conventional cylinder eliminates the conventional Otto Cycle compression stroke and provides a substantially larger expansion ratio than the compression ratio in a conventional engine.

Abstract: A hot combustion chamber (CC) is designed to completely extend the combustion process over 80% to 90% of the cycle period of an internal combustion engine. The long time period combustion (LTPC) provides a large period of time for control of required fuel/air requests and ignition. The CC is supplied with variable quantities of high pressure air from an energy conserving air compressor (AC) through a combustion chamber supply (CCS) and exhales precisely timed expandable combustion products to a two cycle piston (TCP) or rotary drive. The invention solves past problems associated with ignition timing, inefficient combustion, mechanical efficiency and pollution. This CC design makes possible an engine-system for use in transportation vehicles that provides energy storage in a hybrid configuration.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder (2) wherein a combustion chamber (5) is formed. The engine also includes devices for metering fuel and combustion air as well as an ignition device for igniting the mixture in the combustion chamber (5). A method for operating the internal combustion engine provides that fuel and combustion air are supplied to the engine and the mixture is ignited in the combustion chamber (5). The combustion chamber (5) is delimited by a piston (7) which drives a crankshaft (25) rotatably journalled in a crankcase (3). A control is provided which controls the supply of fuel and the ignition of the mixture in the combustion chamber (5). The internal combustion engine is so controlled in at least one operating state that the number of combustions is less than the number of engine cycles in the same time span. To avoid the formation of self ignitions, the operating state is a high rpm range wherein the rpm lies above the rated rpm and below the rpm in a regulating range.

Abstract: An engine block is disclosed in one embodiment having a cylinder shape bore, which forms the outside wall surface of a cylindrical air chamber. Radially outwards from the cylindrical air chamber there is an annular shape combustion chamber, which has a circular inner wall surface, circular outer wall surface, closed annular shaped top surface, and an annular shaped open end opposite of the top surface. The bottom end of the circular inner wall surface of the annular shape combustion chamber and the bottom end of the outside wall surface of the cylindrical air chamber defines an annular shape surface. This surface fits inside the annular shape air chamber in the piston assembly. In one embodiment, in the lower part of the circular inner wall surface of the annular shape combustion chamber there is a circular groove for an oil scraper ring of conventional design.

Abstract: Disclosed is a diesel engine comprising a cylinder head; a combustion chamber within the cylinder head, the combustion chamber being in the shape of a bowl; and a piston having a piston crown, the piston crown having a dome-shape for protruding within the cylinder head during a combustion operation near or at top dead center. The engine is preferably a two stroke crankcase compression engine. Use of a combustion chamber in the shape of a shallow bowl along with other parameter selection decreases the rates of combustion pressure rise while providing reasonable power output.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for operating a two-stroke engine having a cylinder in which a combustion chamber is formed and which includes devices for metering fuel and supplying combustion air as well as an ignition device for igniting a mixture in the combustion chamber. In the method, fuel and combustion air are supplied to the engine and the mixture in the combustion chamber is ignited. The combustion chamber is delimited by a piston which drives a crankshaft rotatably journalled in a crankcase. A control is provided which controls the metering of fuel and the ignition of the mixture in the combustion chamber. In the method, the two-stroke engine is controlled in at least one operating state so that the number of combustions is less than the number of revolutions of the crankshaft in the same time interval.

Abstract: A reciprocating engine includes a turbocharging unit that: supplies the intake manifold with air via a coolant; is supplied with gas by the exhaust manifold; and has the turbine supply pressure substantially equal to the compressor discharge pressure. At constant air temperature, the turbocharging unit delivers a substantially constant volume of cooled air when the pressure varies, and the volume is substantially proportional to the turbine outlet section. The turbine pressure is maintained substantially equal to compressor pressure by a EGR bypass between the intake and exhaust manifold. In addition, the volume of air is less than the volume drawn in at the speed so that a flow of hot gases is drawn in again via the bypass above the speed, where the volume drawn in is equal to the volume, and a flow of air is deflected towards the turbine below the speed.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for processing a signal in a moveable vehicle having an engine. A first combustion governor receives a first control signal and transmits a first governor signal operable to control an engine speed of the engine as a function of the first control signal. A second combustion governor receives the first control signal and to transmits a second governor signal operable to control an engine power production of the engine as a function of the first control signal. A first sensor determines a first characteristic of the vehicle transmits a first selecting signal as a function of the first characteristic. A governor-selecting device is coupled with the sensor to receive the first selecting signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to such an engine as mentioned below.

Abstract: An engine in which the cylinders are scavenged according to a cross scavenging technique. The engine includes one or more cylinders in each of which a piston is disposed for reciprocal motion. The engine further includes a direct fuel injection system that allows controlled input of fuel into each cylinder to promote more efficient operation of the cross scavenged engine.

Abstract: An engine capable of use with multiple different types of fuels including gasoline and alcohol based flues and heavy fuels such as diesel fuel, JP5, JP8, Jet A and kerosene based fuels. The engine includes a main cylinder having a compression chamber at one end and a piston that is movable along the length of the cylinder and which connects to a crankshaft for the engine. A fuel delivery system delivers a combustible mixture of fuel and air through a fuel delivery valve into the combustion chamber at a sonic velocity of flow such that the fuel is substantially atomized into the air of the combustible mixture delivered to the combustion chamber. The combustible mixture is ignited by an igniter within the combustion chamber to urge the piston along the cylinder for driving the crankshaft of the engine.

Abstract: In an in-cylinder fuel injection two cycle engine, a combustion chamber dome and a piston cavity are provided in an offset position from a cylinder bore center axis to an exhaust port side, respectively. A spark plug is mounted in a cylinder head such that its electrode is positioned in vicinity of the cylinder bore center axis in the dome. Further, a fuel injector is mounted in the cylinder head such that its injection nozzle is positioned around an outer periphery edge of the dome on the exhaust port side and fuel is injected from the injection nozzle toward the piston cavity. The piston cavity is shaped into a concavely spherical surface so as to direct injected fuel toward the electrode of the spark plug, thereby locally rich, combustible mixture being formed around the spark plug.

Abstract: An engine capable of use with multiple different types of fuels including gasoline and alcohol based flues and heavy fuels such as diesel fuel, JP5, JP8, Jet A and kerosene based fuels. The engine includes a main cylinder having a compression chamber at one end and a piston that is movable along the length of the cylinder and which connects to a crankshaft for the engine. A fuel delivery system delivers a combustible mixture of fuel and air through a fuel delivery valve into the combustion chamber at a sonic velocity of flow such that the fuel is substantially atomized into the air of the combustible mixture delivered to the combustion chamber. The combustible mixture is ignited by an igniter within the combustion chamber to urge the piston along the cylinder for driving the crankshaft of the engine.

Abstract: A two cycle, crankcase compression, diesel engine having a high specific output. This is achieved by using an appropriately sized and located precombustion chamber into which the fuel is injected. The porting and direction of crankshaft rotation insure against compression and combustion leakage.

Abstract: A spark ignition internal combustion engine includes a sub-combustion chamber in which gas mixture with an air-fuel ratio adapted for an operating state of the engine over a wide operating range of the engine is supplied to a combustion chamber. The amount of hydrogen carbide discharged is less and a high efficiency can be attained. The sub-combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine communicates with the main combustion chamber. Gas mixture injecting apparatus intermittently injects gas mixture into the sub-combustion chamber. Ignition devices are arranged in the sub-combustion chamber. The engine is constructed such that the sub-combustion chamber is eccentric in a sideward direction from an extending line of injecting direction of the gas mixture injecting apparatus and communicated with the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: A highly efficient spark ignition two-cycle internal combustion engine is provided which assures stable and excellent combustion over a wider operation region of the engine. The spark ignition two-cycle internal combustion engine includes a sub-combustion chamber, and a pressure accumulating chamber which is filled with compressed air. A switching valve is arranged for communicating the pressure accumulating chamber with the sub-combustion chamber. A fuel injecting device injects fuel into the pressure accumulating chamber. A control device controls the operations of the switching valve and the fuel injecting device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder block, a cylinder, an exhaust port, an inlet port, and a cylinder head fixed to the cylinder block including a recess, a spark plug fixed in the cylinder head along an axis located in a plane bisecting the inlet port and the exhaust port and extending at an acute angle to the cylinder axis, a fuel injector fixed in the cylinder head between the cylinder axis and the inlet side and along an axis located in the bisecting plane and extending in parallel and offset relation to the cylinder axis in the direction from the inlet port to the exhaust port, and a piston moveably axially in the cylinder and comprising an outer surface extending in opposing relation to the cylinder head and including a deflector extending diametrically from and between the cylindrical wall in transverse relation to the plane bisecting the inlet port and the exhaust port and including a centrally located raised crown having therein an axially inwardly extending bowl,

Abstract: A number of embodiments of precombustion chamber configurations for two-cycle crankcase compression diesel engines. The precombustion chamber and its communicating throat are oriented so as to maintain a uniform fuel distribution in the precombustion chamber and to provide good flow into the main combustion chamber that will provide a homogeneous mixture without the flow being directed toward the exhaust port at the time the exhaust port is open. A number of embodiments show constructions that permit uniformity of tumble action in the precombustion chamber and a high velocity for the tumble action to improve turbulence and mixing. All of these factors go together to reduce NOx emissions.

Abstract: A two-cycle, direct injection, internal combustion engine provides improved performance by using a portion of energy produced by the production process to heat the engine. The engine includes a plurality of direct fuel injected cylinders and a fuel injection control system. The control system includes a sensory system which detects several operating parameters of the engine, such as, engine speed and intake air flow. An electronic control unit receives input signals from the sensory system and determines the operational condition of the engine. Based on the determined operational condition of the engine, the electronic control unit controls throttle opening degree, fuel injection amounts and timing, and ignition timing. At operating conditions below a preselected engine speed/load condition, the electronic control unit maintains a generally constant throttle opening and fuel injection amount to produce a desired air/fuel ratio.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising an engine block defining a cylinder having a longitudinal axis, an upper end, and a cross-sectional area in a plane perpendicular to the axis, a piston reciprocally moveable in the cylinder along the axis, the piston having an upper surface, a cylinder head including a lower surface portion closing the upper end of the cylinder, the lower surface portion extending generally perpendicular to the axis and having therein an upwardly extending recess, the recess having an upper end, a lower end, and a height, the lower end of the recess having an area in a plane perpendicular to the axis, the area being equal to approximately one-fifth the cross-sectional area of the cylinder, the height being equal to at least one-third of the cylinder diameter, a fuel injector supported relative to the cylinder head for injecting fuel into the recess, and a spark plug which is supported relative to the cylinder head and which extends into the recess for creating a spark.

Abstract: A two stroke internal combustion engine has two opposed pistons (8) which reciprocate in opposite directions in cylinder (4) and define a common compression chamber (6) therebetween. Blower (10) supplies scavenging air at high pressure to compression chamber (6) through inlet port(s) (15) to pass axially through compression chamber (6) to exhaust port(s) (7) in an amount sufficient to purge substantially all products of combustion from compression chamber (6) and to cool cylinder (4). A small external combustion chamber (3), having restricted communication (9) with compression chamber (6), has a valve (2) permitting injection of a rich fuel/air mixture which in part passes to compression chamber (6) to form a fuel lean mixture with the scavenging air therein. Ignition means (1) ignites the fuel rich mixture in combustion chamber (3), in turn allowing burning fuel to ignite the fuel lean mixture in compression chamber (6).

Abstract: A method and apparatus of a two-stroke combustion engine is provided. The invention relates to utilizing the compression of the flue gases that remain in the cylinder, and the intake of a combustible air-fuel mixture in a limited zone of the combustion chamber, where the mixing of the air-fuel mixture and the flue gas is minimized. The combustible air-fuel mixture is ignited into the limited zone of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A two-stroke engine comprising two exhaust valves and two intake valves. These exhaust valves and these intake valves are arranged on the peripheral portion of the inner wall of the cylinder head, and one additional exhaust valve is arranged on the central portion of the inner wall of the cylinder head. The valve openings of the two intake valves, which are located on the exhaust valves side, are masked by the masking walls.

Abstract: This invention provides a pre-combustion chamber gas engine capable of being applied to a two-stroke gas engine using a natural gas as fuel. A gas fuel is supplied to precombustion chambers with communication ports, which allows communication between primary chambers and pre-combustion chambers, closed with control valves provided therein, and suction air is supplied to cylinders and compressed under a high pressure. Even when the suction air is compressed under a high pressure in the primary chambers, the self-ignition of gas fuel does not occur therein since a gas fuel does not exist therein, so that knocking does not occur. Each of the control valves provided in the communication ports is constructed so that a lift amount thereof can be varied by a controller.

Abstract: Embodiments of two-cycle crankcase compression direct injected internal combustion engines that permit good firing and effective stratification, particularly at low speed, low load conditions. The engine defines a combustion chamber having a recess with a projection extending into the center of the recess and against which fuel is injected by a fuel injector as the piston approaches top dead center at idle. The spark plug firing is initiated prior to completion of the fuel injection.

Abstract: A piston and cylinder arrangment for an internal combustion engine designed to run on diesel and similar fuels, comprises a cylinder defining a main combustion chamber, a piston reciprocatable within said cylinder and having a thermally insulating plate on its upper surface, a cylinder head including a precombustion chamber, a fuel injector for injecting fuel into said precombustion chamber, and a thermally insulated block of material with high heat retention ability surrounding the precombustion chamber to maintain a high temperature a high temperature of at least about 500.degree. C. in the precombustion chamber and thereby facilitate fuel ignition at moderate compression ratios. A mass of material with high heat retention ability is mounted on the insulated surface of the piston so as to remain at a high temperature during running of the engine and facilitate the combustion process during the downward stroke of the piston.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle spark ignition engine having cylinder fuel injection is provided with a combustion chamber featuring a delta shaped bowl or cavity that is configured and positioned in the cylinder head to improve scavenging of the combustion chamber near the injector while maintaining adequate squish flow for improved charge mixing and combustion.

Abstract: A two-stroke engine comprising three exhaust valves and two intake valves. These exhaust valves and these intake valves are arranged on the peripheral portion of the inner wall of the cylinder head, and one additional intake valve is arranged on the central portion of the inner wall of the cylinder head. The valve openings of the three intake valves, which are located on the exhaust valves side, are masked by the masking walls. The central portion of the combustion chamber is scavenged by the fresh air fed from the additional intake valve, and the peripheral portion of the combustion chamber is scavenged by the fresh air fed from the remaining two intake valves.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a cylinder head at one end of the cylinder, a piston mounted for reciprocation in the cylinder, a cavity in the cylinder head, and a fuel injector nozzle located in the cavity in the cylinder head to deliver fuel into the cavity in a direction towards the piston. The piston has a bowl in the top thereof, positioned to intersect the path of delivery of the fuel from the injector nozzle. A rim extends around the periphery of the bowl and is upstanding from the to surface of the piston. The bowl and rim effect containment of the fuel, particularly during high fueling rates, to control the combustion process.

Abstract: A two stroke diesel engine having a cavity in the cylinder head facing the combustion chamber, an intake valve and exhaust valve, a fuel injector, and a projection formed on the piston head. The intake valves and fuel injector are pointing toward the cavity while the exhaust valve is pointing toward the combustion chamber. The projection enters the cavity in the vicinity of the top dead center of the piston movement and separates it from the combustion chamber. Due to the loop effect of fresh gas flowing from the intake valve into the combustion chamber via the cavity, burnt gas is swept out of the chamber effectively, and due to the energy of combustion of fuel and air which ignited in the closed cavity, combustion rapidly spreads throughout the combustion chamber as the piston descends so that air is utilized efficiently.

Abstract: In a two stroke diesel engine which comprises a combustion chamber formed by a cylinder, piston head and base of the cylinder head, a cavity formed on the base of the cylinder head facing the combustion chamber, intake valves fitted to the cylinder head facing the cavity, a fuel injection valve fitted to the cylinder head facing the cavity, and exhaust valves fitted to the base of the cylinder head, fresh gas entering from the intake valves flows into the combustion chamber via the cavity in a scavenging step, and effectively sweeps out burnt gas. Further, as fuel and air are mixed in the cavity near the top dead center of the piston stroke, and this gas mixture is ejected together with the flame that ignited in the cavity into the combustion chamber as the piston descends, combustion in the chamber takes place efficiently.

Abstract: A two-stroke diesel engine comprising a pair of intake valves arranged on one side of the inner wall of the cylinder head, and a pair of exhaust valves arranged on the other side of the inner wall of the cylinder head. The valve openings of the intake valves, which are located on the exhaust valve side, are covered by corresponding masking walls. A prechamber is formed in the cylinder head, and the opening of the prechamber is arranged in the peripheral inner wall portion of the cylinder head, which is positioned farthest from the exhaust valves, between the intake valves.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having two separate main combustion chambers isolated from the cylinder and from each other by means of a valve throttle mechanism. Combustion occurs first in one chamber, and then in the other, separated by one complete revolution of the crankshaft in the two-cycle embodiment and two complete revolutions of the crankshaft in the four-cycle embodiment. The alternative operation effectively removes the combustion process from the cycle for a sufficient amount of time to enable the combustive reactions to approach chemical equilibrium prior to release in the cylinder.

Abstract: An air-assisted fuel injection applied in the two-stroke engine of flame-jet ignition type which a fuel pump and fuel pressure regulator valve establish stable fuel rail pressure. With respect to each cylinder, a pair of fuel injection electromagnetic valve inject fuel under this pressure. The injected fuel is not directly injected into the cylinder, but is blown into main combustion chamber in the cylinder and prechamber cavity in a torch-forming plug by high speed flowing air. The ignition is performed in such a manner that the pre-mixed fuel air mixture in the prechamber cavity is first ignited by a spark discharge to form specifically shaped flame jet which is injected from one or more orifices located on lower portion of the torch-forming plug so as to successively ignite the pre-mixed fuel air mixture in the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel injection system driven by compressor. The system is used in two-stroke gasoline engine, wherein high speed air flow is applied to assist in fuel atomization and injection. The system works in such a manner that a fuel pump and fuel pressure regulating valve establish stable fuel injection pressure and fuel is injected under this stable pressure by a main fuel injector and a sub-fuel injector. The fuel is not directly injected into the cylinder, but blown into main combustion chamber of the cylinder and pre-combustion chamber of a torch-forming plug by little amount of high speed air flow supplied from a small compressor synchroinzed with the engine in operation, the high speed air flow being distributed by a distributor to flow into air passages of the main fuel injector and sub-fuel injector for blowing the injected fuel.

Abstract: A combustion system for internal combustion engines having a cylinder, at least one piston reciprocal in the cylinder and a combustion chamber with three regions for improving the combustion process, the piston having a piston head with an outer perimeter portion, a central recessed portion and a baffle with ports arranged over the recessed portion, the piston cooperating with a cylinder head or the head of an opposed piston to form an induction region that diminishes in volume as the piston approaches top dead center forcing gases in the combustion chamber through a central region defined primarily by the ports in the baffle to the dispersing region in the recessed portion of the piston, and a fuel injection system with an injector that delivers a staged series of fuel pulses in each cycle.

Abstract: A two-stroke internal combustion engine, in particular of the diesel type, which comprises at least one intake valve (10) having its seat disposed in the wall of a combustion and scavenging prechamber (13) and at least one exhaust valve (7), is characterized in that the prechamber (13) communicates with the cylinder (1) through a transfer passageway (14) whose walls are at least partially substantially parallel to the axis (2) of the cylinder and whose cross-section perpendicular to this axis opens out in accordance with a substantially oblong shape tangent to the cylinder (1). An improved effectiveness of the engine is obtained.

Abstract: A combustion chamber and method of operating a diesel engine to insure maximum air utilization. The engine has a main chamber and a subchamber that communicates with the main chamber through a communication passageway. Fuel injection into the subchamber is begun at a time when the throat area of the engine by which the main chamber communicates with the communication passageway is equivalent to approximately the effective flow area of the communication passageway so as to insure maximum air utilization.