Abstract: An engine includes a pre-chamber jet igniter which injects at least one jet combustion flame into the combustion chamber from the outside of the combustion chamber in which the piston reciprocates to generate power so that the injected jet combustion flame is utilized as the source of ignition of the fuel injected into the space in the combustion chamber to drive the explosion stroke such that combustion of the combustion chamber can be maintained reliable by the use of jet combustion flames in the form of large flame kernels, fuel consumption can be remarkably improved and the generation of NOx can be remarkably reduced using rapid cold combustion which is caused by the continuously reliable combustion, and, in particular, it is possible to prevent liquefaction of the air-fuel mixture due to variations in the flow and pressure of the air-fuel mixture flowing in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A split-cycle aircraft engine includes a crankshaft rotatable about a crankshaft axis. A power piston is slidably received within a power cylinder and is operatively connected to the crankshaft such that the power piston reciprocates through an expansion stroke and an exhaust stroke during a single rotation of the crankshaft. A compression piston is slidably received within a compression cylinder and is operatively connected to the crankshaft such that the compression piston reciprocates through an intake stroke and a compression stroke during a single rotation of the crankshaft. A gas crossover passage operatively interconnects the compression cylinder and the power cylinder. An air reservoir is operatively connected to the gas crossover passage by a reservoir passage. The air reservoir is selectively operable to receive and deliver compressed air. The engine is mounted to an aircraft and the air reservoir is disposed within the aircraft.

Abstract: A split phase fuel conditioner 10 includes a main body 20 defining an ignition chamber 22. A transfer passage 24 is in fluid communication between the ignition chamber 22 and chamber 14. A valve 28 selectively opens and closes a throat 26 of the transfer passage 24 to control fluid communication between chamber 22 and chamber 14. A first injector 30 injects a first fuel volume into ignition chamber 22. A second fuel injector 32 injects a second volume of fuel directly into transfer passage 24 through the first valve 28. The first fuel volume is ignited in the chamber 22 to form an ignition plasma. Valve 28 is opened allowing the ignition plasma to condition the second fuel volume by vaporising the second fuel volume. The ignition plasma then sweeps the conditioned second fuel volume into the combustion chamber where it combusts in a controlled manner.

Abstract: An engine has a plurality of combustion chambers, each of which is divided into an ignition chamber and a first combustion chamber. The chambers are linked by a transfer tube defining a passageway facilitating communication between the ignition chamber and the first chamber. A valve is provided for selectively opening and closing the passage. A tube is provided with an opening intermediate of its length allowing fuel to be injected via a fuel injector into the passage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for delivering a mixture of fuel and gas to a combustion chamber of a compression ignition engine. The method and apparatus includes compressing a gas to a pressure sufficient to initiate combustion of a fuel, delivering a stream of the gas toward the combustion chamber, injecting a quantity of fuel into the stream of gas to create a near homogeneous fuel and gas mixture, and delivering the fuel and gas mixture to the combustion chamber such that combustion occurs substantially within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes an engine housing that defines a main combustion chamber separated from a precombustion chamber by a flame communication passage way. A source of gaseous fuel is fluidly connected to one end of a fuel supply passage. A check valve, which includes a valve body with a valve seat, and a valve member, is positioned between the other end of the fuel supply passage and the precombustion chamber. The valve member is moveable between an open position and a closed position. The valve body and the valve member define a fluid passage that fluidly connects the fuel supply passage to the precombustion chamber when the valve member is in its open position. The valve body and the valve member substantially fluidly isolate the valve seat from the precombustion chamber when the valve member is in its closed position.

Abstract: The compression stroke supplies a small portion of the compressed air to a considerably smaller, fixed-volume receiving chamber through a valved communication passage. Simultaneously, fuel is injected into the air stream to mix with the air with the air pressure increasing in the small chamber until the air reaches ignition temperature to ignite the air/fuel mixture. The resulting rapid rise in pressure acts upon a check valve to seal the passage and to contain the combustion process within the small chamber. The small quantity of air therein is insufficient to support complete combustion, therefore most of the fuel is conditioned to a state of auto-ignition. The piston continues to compress the main air charge in the cylinder and slightly before TDC a controllable valve opens a second passage to expel the superheated mixture into the large volume of compressed air in the cylinder.

Abstract: According to the present ivention, a combustion chamber of internal combustion engines comprises: a main combustion chamber which is created by recessing the piston top; a swirl chamber which is contiguous to said main combustion chamber via a passage; and a fuel injection nozzle to supply atomized fuel into said main combustion chamber and swirl chamber. Because of the above arrangement, a relatively quick combustion takes place in the swirl chamber and a relatively sluggish combustion takes place in the main combustion chamber. As a result, the generation of HC, NOx, or smokes are suppressed while improving an output, a fuel consumption rate, and a thermal efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention features a modified Saurer type direct injection Diesel engine wherein the fuel injector is offset to one side of the cylinder bore axis and a lip is provided about the upper periphery of the cavity which generates a sufficiently strong squish and reverse squish as to entrain and disperse the fuel (viz., macro-mix) which is injected along the forshortened injection trajectories and prevent wetting of the cavity wall. The lip is further arranged to permit the finely divided low inertia and kinetic energy fuel droplets (micro-mixed) of the fuel which is injected along the elongate injection trajectories to be drawn out of the cavity under the influence of the reverse squish and thus obviate any delay in combustion.

Abstract: A torch ignition apparatus and method, the apparatus including a secondary, torch ignition piston interconnected to the primary piston and operable to produce through compression ignition of a carbureted fuel/air mixture a jet of hot gases capable of igniting a fuel and air mixture compressed in a primary combustion chamber by the primary piston. The apparatus also includes a secondary fuel system for supplementing a low ratio fuel/air mixture in the combustion chamber and a novel hoop valve and exhaust port system for providing a unique, highly efficient flow-through system for exchanging gases in the combustion chamber.