Abstract: This invention relates to a heat-insulating engine with swirl chambers which reduces a throttle loss due to the communication ports and increases the speed of a vortex flow within swirl chambers. The heat-insulating engine with swirl chambers comprises small communication ports each with a small passage area and large communication ports each with a large passage area formed at the lower portions of the swirl chamber blocks constituting heat-insulating swirl chambers, and control valves provided to large communication ports. During the compression stroke, the control valves close the large communication ports, and open the same ports during the expansion stroke after fuel injection and on rise in pressure in the swirl chambers. Accordingly, during the compression stroke, air is sent into the swirl chambers at high speed via small communication ports to increase a vortex flow speed within the swirl chambers.

Abstract: An engine with a variable combustion chamber has a a first combustion chamber defined in a piston slidably disposed in a cylinder, a second combustion chamber defined in a cylinder head and communicating with the cylinder through a communication port, and a valve for opening and closing the communication port. When the engine is under low load, the valve is closed and fuel is injected into the first combustion chamber, so that the engine operates as a direct-injection-type engine. When the engine is under high load, the valve is opened and fuel is injected into the second combustion chamber, so that the engine operates as a prechamber-type engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having two separate main combustion chambers isolated from the cylinder and from each other by means of a valve throttle mechanism. Combustion occurs first in one chamber, and then in the other, separated by one complete revolution of the crankshaft in the two-cycle embodiment and two complete revolutions of the crankshaft in the four-cycle embodiment. The alternative operation effectively removes the combustion process from the cycle for a sufficient amount of time to enable the combustive reactions to approach chemical equilibrium prior to release in the cylinder.

Abstract: A coaxial rotary valve mechanism for an internal combustion engine that incorporates two coaxial, cylinder shaped rotors in the cylinder head, rotating with speed ratio of 2:1 so that ports in their surfaces align at the appropriate segments of the operating cycle to function as air intake valves. The outer rotor further comprises a recess on its surface which has plurality of functions. During the compression stroke said recess forms a pre-combustion chamber between said rotor and the cylinder head, and during the exhaust stroke brings the cylinder into the open registry with the exhaust port allowing combustion gases to be exhausted. During the compression stroke the liquid fuel is injected into the pre-combustion chamber containing exhaust gases, while said pre-combustion chamber is in closed registry with the cylinder.

Abstract: An improvement in an internal combustion engine of type in which a piston reciprocates in a cylinder to compress a charge of fuel within a combustion chamber within which the charge of fuel is ignited to burn and drive the piston through a power stroke, the improvement providing the combustion chamber with a first stage chamber and a second stage chamber communicating with one another through a valve operated in synchronism with reciprocation of the piston to close communication between the first stage chamber and the second stage chamber as the piston approaches top dead center so as to enable ignition and burning of a first portion of the charge of fuel in the first stage chamber, isolated from a second portion of the charge of fuel in the second stage chamber, and then to open communication between the first stage chamber and the second stage chamber to effect ignition of the second portion of the charge of fuel in the second stage chamber by the combustion products of the first portion of the charge of fu

Abstract: An engine with a variable combustion chamber has a a first combustion chamber defined in a piston slidably disposed in a cylinder, a second combustion chamber defined in a cylinder head and communicating with the cylinder through a communication port, and a valve for opening and closing the communication port. When the engine is under low load, the valve is closed and fuel is injected into the first combustion chamber, so that the engine operates as a direct-injection-type engine. When the engine is under high load, the valve is opened and fuel is injected into the second combustion chamber, so that the engine operates as a prechamber-type engine.

Abstract: A fuel combustion system for an Otto-cycle internal combustion engine including a main combustion chamber and an auxiliary combustion chamber. Timing of ignition is effected by opening a control valve device during a latter portion of the compression phase which permits a pressurized combustible mixture to flow from the main combustion chamber and into the auxiliary combustion chamber where the combustible mixture therein is ignited. Hot burning gases emanating from the auxiliary combustion chamber through a suitable directing device provide single or multiple and penetrating sources of ignition for the bulk of the combustible mixture present in the main combustion chamber. This arrangement provides a very reliable and long life ignition system for Otto-cycle engines and is especially advantageous for engines whichburn a relatively lean combustible mixture.

Abstract: A heat-insulating engine with swirl chamber constructed such that a control valve of which an opening or closing can be controlled under an operation of a cam or an electromagnetic force arranged in a communication hole between a swirl chamber made of a heat-insulating wall body and a main combustion chamber, wherein the control valve is kept closed during an intake stroke, intake air is shielded against a hot temperature part of the swirl chamber, the thermal expansion caused by accepting heat of the intake air is restricted to prevent the efficiency of suction from being decreased and deterioration of the combustion speed is eliminated.

Abstract: A multifuel hybrid heat engine having an internal combustion system and an external combustion system wherein a coaxial array of three tappet valves controls the expansion from the external combustion system to the internal combustion system and the drive of the common piston member which cooperates with a working cylinder and another cylinder coaxial therewith and received within the working cylinder. The piston member with its inner and outer pistons cooperates with these cylinders to define not only upper cylinder motors but also lower cylinder motors and air compressors for scavenging the air supply.

Abstract: An improved combustion chamber of a subchamber type of internal combustion engine defines a space extending contiguously to a subchamber injection port within a subchamber mouthpiece. A subchamber injection port control rod is disposed in the space adjacent the injection port. Remote from the subchamber injection port is an actuator within the space. A working substance such as wax, rubber, alcohol, etc. that expands and contracts to a large degree when subjected to temperature changes is sealingly enclosed within the actuator by an expansible member made of rubber or the like. One end of the subchamber injection port control rod is inserted into the expansible member.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine which includes a cylinder, a piston mounted for movement internally of the cylinder, a precombustion chamber and a device external of the cylinder for compressing and transferring air to the precombustion chamber. The cylinder is provided as a bore extending through a member mounted on trunnions for rocking or pivoting movement internally of the engine and the pivoting member provides the device for compressing air which is transferred to the precombustion chamber.

Abstract: A combustion chamber of a sub-chamber type internal combustion engine is improved so as to operate efficiently at an excellent fuel consumption with low smoke density, either upon partial loading or upon heavy loading. The combustion chamber includes a sub-chamber port communicating a main combustion chamber with a subsidiary combustion chamber formed within a cylinder head. A space portion is formed in a cylinder head member on the side of the sub-chamber port located farthest from a cylinder center line on a cross-sectional plane of the sub-chamber port defined as a plane including a center line of the subsidiary combustion chamber and the center line of a cylinder and opening into the sub-chamber port. An expansible/contractible tube is contained within the space portion. A sub-chamber port control rod is connected to the expansible/contractible tube and slidably extends into the opening of the space portion.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a fuel activation chamber disposed near a main combustion chamber and a valve disposed between the fuel activation chamber and the main combustion chamber to open and close therebetween. The valve is opened by movement of a valve body thereof to the fuel activation chamber. Further, there is provided a valve control device which controls to open and close the valve at the ignition timing in a low speed operation and controls to maintain the valve open in a medium and high speed operation.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a fuel activation chamber disposed near a main combustion chamber and a valve disposed between the fuel activation chamber and the main combustion chamber to open and close therebetween. The valve is opened by movement of a valve body thereof to the fuel activation chamber side.

Abstract: An optimized unitary energetic system for an internal combustion engine comprising a gas distribution system for intake and exhaust associated with an optimized variable geometry combustion chamber with a regenerative cylinder wall lining to contain thermal energy and a microprocessor to correlate certain factors and control the gas distribution system and combustion chamber geometry for optimization of engine operation.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has an auxiliary cell connected thereto by a transfer valve. Approximately isothermally compressed gas, which may be a combustible mixture, is introduced into the cell through an input valve. A displacer piston in the cell is biased toward lower volume of the cell. In an illustrated embodiment, the displacer piston is translated by the compressed gas toward a larger volume in the cell. When the cell is fully charged with compressed gas, the input valve is closed and the transfer valve is opened for intermittently discharging the mass of gas in the cell into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine. The displacer piston displaces substantially all of the gas from the cell into the engine. Combustion is initiated and may, at least in part, occur within the cell, providing power to the engine as the gas expands and performs work by way of the engine piston.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising an activating chamber provided separate from a combustion chamber, a valve disposed between the activating chamber and the combustion chamber, fuel feeding means adapted to feed fuel into the interior of the activating chamber in accordance with a predetermined ignition timing sequence and valve opening and closing control means for opening the valve in accordance with the predetermined ignition timing sequence.

Abstract: An arrangement and method is disclosed for enabling hypergolic combustion of a fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of a combustion device such as an internal combustion engine by irradiation of the fuel and/or of the fuel-air mixture with a beam of ultraviolet radiation to produce disassociation of a relatively high proportion of the fuel molecules to enable hypergolic combustion. Various arrangements are disclosed for accomplishing UV irradiation of the fuel in the context of an internal combustion piston engine, and a mercury vapor lamp or a laser are alternatively employed as a UV beam generator.

Abstract: A purging and recharging system improves the repeating of detonations from a detonation device 10 having a detonation chamber 20 separated from an ignition chamber 25 by a detonation plate 22 having an opening 23 through which a flame jet can pass from ignition chamber 25 to detonation chamber 20. A differential piston 30 driven by a detonation in a differential cylinder 31, 32 around detonation chamber 20 affords a fluid passageway between differential piston 30 and detonation chamber 20. On a power stroke, differential piston 30 compresses recharging air and draws in cooling and exhaust purging air to surround detonation chamber 20. On a return stroke, differential piston 30 forces cooling and purging air into detonation chamber 20 and then admits compressed recharging air into detonation chamber 20.

Abstract: Internal combustion engine having a main combustion chamber (26) and a subsidiary combustion chamber (30) interconnected by a passageway (32) having a flow control element (34) arranged therein to cyclically vary the extent of communication provided between the main and subsidiary combustion chambers. In use a subsidiary air fuel charge is first ignited in the subsidiary combustion chamber (30) with the control element (34) substantially blocking communication between the two combustion chambers (30,26). Then the control element (34) is moved to permit the igniting air fuel charge in the subsidiary combustion chamber (30) to move through the passageway (32) to ignite a main air fuel charge in the main combustion chamber (26). The control element (34) is reciprocable having a head portion (82) which is moved from within the passageway (32), into the subsidiary combustion chamber (30) to effect opening of communication between the combustion chambers (26,30).

Abstract: A fuel injection and precombustion chamber arrangement for internal combustion engines comprising a pair of concentric poppet valves. The outermost valve is arranged to open and close the precombustion chamber to the internal combustion engine cylinder. The innermost valve is arranged to open and close a chamber, formed in the outermost valve body, to the cylinder and to place a fuel-filled annular groove on the spool of the innermost valve in communication with the precombustion chamber and the chamber in the outermost valve such as to mix air flowing through the chamber of the outermost valve from the cylinder fuel and inject into the precombustion chamber the fuel contained in the annular groove in an atomized state.

Abstract: A prechamber type diesel engine is provided with a cutoff valve in the throat connecting the prechamber and main chamber of each cylinder and operable in cyclically timed fashion to close and open communication between these chambers. Methods of engine operation are disclosed which utilize the cutoff valve to (1) trap combustion products in the prechamber from the previous expansion stroke for use in mixing with the fresh charge in the following compression stroke to provide internal EGR preferably stratified in the prechamber and (2) permit low compression ratio starting by trapping compression pressure in the prechamber from a previous compression stroke for addition to combustion chamber pressure developed on the following compression stroke to provide a higher cylinder pressure for starting than that provided by the overall compression ratio. Advantages of improved engine efficiency and reduced emission levels are anticipated.

Abstract: A fuel vaporizer chamber that is interconnected with a conventional combustion chamber through a valve. The valve remains open during the combustion phase allowing hot combustion products to fill the chamber. The valve is closed during the expansion stroke to trap the products therein. Fuel is then injected into the chamber and vaporized. The valve is opened to release the vaporized fuel mixture into the conventional combustion chamber during the subsequent compression stroke. The charge is then ignited and the cycle is repeated.

Abstract: A prechamber type diesel engine is provided with a cutoff valve in the throat connecting the prechamber and main chamber of each cylinder and operable in cyclically timed fashion to close and open communication between these chambers. Methods of engine operation are disclosed which utilize the cutoff valve to (1) trap combustion products in the prechamber from the previous expansion stroke for use in mixing with the fresh charge in the following compression stroke to provide internal EGR preferably stratified in the prechamber and (2) permit low compression ratio starting by trapping compression pressure in the prechamber from a previous compression stroke for addition to combustion chamber pressure developed on the following compression stroke to provide a higher cylinder pressure for starting than that provided by the overall compression ratio. Advantages of improved engine efficiency and reduced emission levels are anticipated.

Abstract: A compression-ignition type internal combustion engine comprising a combustion chamber and an accumulation chamber which are interconnected to each other via an accumulation valve. The opening operation of the accumulation valve is controlled so that the accumulation valve remains opened during the compression stroke. In the first half of the compression stroke, a jet of air is spouted into the combustion chamber from the accumulation chamber to create a strong swirl motion in the combustion chamber. In the latter half of the compression stroke, the air in the combustion chamber flows into the accumulation chamber where the air is accumulated under high pressure, which air is then spouted from the accumulation chamber into the combustion chamber at the next cycle.

Abstract: A fuel vaporizer chamber that is interconnected with a conventional combustion chamber through a valve. The valve allows hot combustion products to enter the chamber during the expansion stroke and is closed to trap the products therein. Fuel is then injected into the chamber and vaporized. The valve is opened to release the vaporized fuel mixture into the combustion chamber during the subsequent compression stroke. The charge is then ignited and the cycle is repeated.

Abstract: An injector arrangement is disclosed in which liquid fuel in variable quantities is received within an injector chamber in a continuous flow. The admitted fuel is stored and intermixed with hot high-pressure burnt gases retained from previous combustion period for timed injection during or near the end of the compression stroke. During the intermixing period in the injector chamber preheated liquid fuel is partly or fully vaporized. Cam operated linkage is set up to hold over the injector in an open position until hot high-pressure burnt gases of combustion can re-enter the injector chamber for the next fuel charge preparation. A variable delivery liquid fuel pump provides for fuel quantity regulation according to torque output requirements. A tiny capillary passage at the entrance to the injector chamber provides the necessary flow restriction to obtain continuous fuel flow. Disclosed are two injectors of slightly different construction eliminating the need for return springs.

Abstract: A fluidic diode combustion chamber for the cylinders of an internal combustion engine. The chamber comprises a passageway having an entrance and an exit in fluid communication with the cylinder immediately above its piston. The passageway is shaped and designed such that during the compression stroke, the flow of working fluid from the cylinder to its passageway is predominantly into the entrance of the passageway. During the expansion stroke, the flow of working fluid from the passageway back to the cylinder is predominantly from the exit of the passageway. Means is provided for injecting fuel into the passageway for forming a fuel air mixture for ignition.

Abstract: A torch ignition apparatus and method, the apparatus including a secondary, torch ignition piston interconnected to the primary piston and operable to produce through compression ignition of a carbureted fuel/air mixture a jet of hot gases capable of igniting a fuel and air mixture compressed in a primary combustion chamber by the primary piston. The apparatus also includes a secondary fuel system for supplementing a low ratio fuel/air mixture in the combustion chamber and a novel hoop valve and exhaust port system for providing a unique, highly efficient flow-through system for exchanging gases in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An improved diesel engine wherein fuel is preheated and vaporized within the precombustion chamber during a substantial portion of the engine cycle in which the precombustion chamber is isolated from the cylinder by an isolation valve. Compressed air from the engine cylinder is admitted to the precombustion chamber near the end of the compression stroke by the timed opening of the isolation valve. The precombustion chamber is shaped to enhance mixing of the compressed air with the preheated and vaporized fuel.

Abstract: The invention is an improved six-cycle engine that improves performance in fuel economy and in the power to size ratio. The six cycles are a first intake stroke, a compression and storing stroke, second intake stroke, a compression and combining stroke, the power stroke, and the exhaust stroke. The invention provides for using some of the fuel's energy that ordinarily is lost in the engine's cooling system, by absorbing heat after the first stroke and subsequently using it in the power stroke. A special configuration of a separate chamber for the compression of gases induced in the first intake stroke and a special configuration for the valve to that chamber are part of the design. Two induction cycles are included in the six cycles for each power stroke.

Abstract: A low compression ratio internal combustion engine including a piston and cylinder arrangement the working volume of which is bounded in part by the piston crown and the cylinder head and in part by inlet valve means whereby an inlet charge can enter the working volume and exhaust valve means whereby products of combustion occuring within the working volume can leave the working volume. A regenerative heat exchanger is located within said working volume, the heat exchanger having a hot face and a cold face between which gases are caused to flow.

Abstract: Internal combustion engine wherein a main air fuel charge is ignited by first igniting a pilot air fuel charge and bringing the two charges together, the main charge being compressed before ignition to a higher compression ratio than the pilot charge.

Abstract: A device to fit existing engines for the purpose of increasing compressed fuel-mixture pressure and promoting a compression ratio of the fuel-mixture in an engine to enable the fuel-mixture to burn more perfectly and the engine to works more efficiently.In the prior application of the same petitioner, titled "Pressure Addible Engine" with the same purpose to the invention but built in an unit engine which shall request people to throw the used engine away. In incentive of that, present invention modifies the prior invention into independent device unit, suitably fit to existing gasoline engine or diesel engine and makes the invention to be acceptable popularly.

Abstract: A multi-cylinder internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, each comprising a combustion chamber and an accumulation chamber which are interconnected to each other via an accumulation valve. The accumulation chambers are interconnected to each other via a common connecting passage. The opening operation of the accumulation valve is controlled so that the accumulation valve remains opened during the compression stroke. In the first half of the compression stroke, a jet of the combustible mixture is spouted out into the combustion chamber from the accumulation chamber to create a strong swirl motion in the combustion chamber. In the latter half of the compression stroke, the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber flows into the accumulation chamber to accumulate the combustible mixture under high pressure, which is spouted out into the combustion chamber at the next cycle.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising a combustion chamber and an accumulation chamber which are interconnected to each other via an accumulation valve. The accumulation chamber is filled with catalyzer pellets for reforming the combustible mixture accumulated in the accumulation chamber. The accumulation valve is opened during the compression stroke. In the first half of the compression stroke, a jet of the reformed combustible mixture is spouted into the combustion chamber from the accumulation chamber to create a strong swirl motion in the combustion chamber. In the latter half of the compression stroke, the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber flows into the accumulation chamber where the combustible mixture accumulates under high pressure, and the mixture is then spouted into the combustion chamber at the next cycle, from the accumulation chamber.