Abstract: There are provided first and second water supply passages to supply cooling water from an engine to first and second center housings of first and second turbochargers, and first and second return passages to return the cooling water from the first and second turbochargers to the engine. A cooling-water connection portion of the first water supply is located above the level of a cooling-water connection portion of the second water supply passage. A vapor releasing passage is provided between the second turbocharger and an upper tank provided on the outside of an engine body at a position located above the connection portion of the second return passage of the second turbocharger. Accordingly, the function of vapor releasing from the first and second turbochargers can be improved, thereby increasing the layout flexibility around the engine.

Abstract: A liquid cooled internal combustion engine having a bypass line with a controllable shut off element so that coolant can bypass the cylinder head in certain engine operating conditions. The bypass line branches off from the coolant circuit upstream of the cylinder head and returns to the coolant circuit downstream of the cylinder head.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled engine and method for its operation is described wherein the engine includes a cylinder head comprising at least one coolant jacket and exhaust manifold at least partially integrated therein. In one particular example, the exhaust pipes merge in stages within the cylinder head before merging into a common exhaust gas collector outside the cylinder head. Inclusion of a coolant system according to the present disclosure allows the thermal load of the cylinder head to be controlled, which thereby allows cooling to be achieved in a targeted manner inside the cylinder head by means of liquid cooling and forced convection.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to ensure appropriate cooling amounts for two exhaust ports, respectively, in an internal combustion engine in which an exhaust port that communicates with an inlet of a turbine of a turbocharger and an exhaust port that does not communicate with the inlet of the turbine are formed in a cylinder head. A cooling apparatus for an internal combustion engine of the present invention has a first exhaust port and a second exhaust port formed in a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine. The first exhaust port communicates with an inlet of a turbine of the turbocharger. The second exhaust port does not communicate with the inlet of the turbine. Each cylinder of the internal combustion engine includes a first exhaust valve that communicates with the first exhaust port and a second exhaust valve that communicates with the second exhaust port.

Abstract: A height of a spacer which is arranged inside a water jacket formed to surround peripheries of cylinder bores of a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine is made to be lower by a step in an intermediate portion thereof in a cylinder row line direction. Consequently, among end-portion cylinder bores having a lower temperature and being situated at opposite end portions in the cylinder row line direction and intermediate cylinder bores being other than the end-portion cylinder bores and having a higher temperature, a cooling performance of the intermediate cylinder bores is higher than that of the end-portion cylinder bores. Therefore, all the temperatures of the respective cylinder bores can be made uniform. A similar operation effect can be obtained alternatively by making a thickness of the spacer thinner in portions facing the intermediate cylinder bores and thicker in portions facing the end-portion cylinder bores.

Abstract: An engine cylinder head is provided. The engine cylinder head includes a portion of a first combustion chamber, an upper coolant core and a lower coolant core directing heat from the first combustion chamber and including a first coolant passage and a second coolant passage, the first coolant passage and the second coolant passage laying along a lateral axis, at least a portion of the first coolant passage separated from the second coolant passage via first and second walls.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder crankcase and a cylinder head that includes an integrated exhaust manifold, wherein the cylinder crankcase, the cylinder head and the integrated exhaust manifold have a continuous water jacket that forms part of a coolant circuit of the internal combustion engine. To ensure during shut-down cooling and/or warm-up cooling of the exhaust manifold that a majority of the coolant that is fed into the water jacket reaches the exhaust manifold, while only a small portion of the coolant flows around the cylinder through the cylinder crankcase, the coolant circuit includes a collector that communicates via passage openings having reduced opening cross-sections with the water jacket, and coolant channels arranged in extension of a flow direction through the passage-openings lead to the exhaust manifold, while coolant channels branching off laterally behind the passage-openings lead to the cylinder crankcase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a combustion engine system having a balance arm, first and second sets of opposed combustion cylinders, and a set of opposed worked devices. The balance arm has a pivot point, and is configured so that an exploitable energy is taken from a kinetic energy of the balance arm. The first set of working combustion cylinders being interconnected by a common first piston rod that is connected to the balance arm. The second set of working combustion cylinders being interconnected by a common second piston rod that is connected to the balance arm so that the pivot point is between the first and second piston rods. The worked devices are interconnected by a common worked piston rod that is connected to the balance arm so that the worked devices are between the first and second sets of combustion cylinders.

Abstract: A valve arrangement for venting a coolant circuit of an internal combustion engine having several subcircuits includes a valve which is in fluid communication with a primary vent line extending from one of the subcircuits. At least one secondary vent line is in fluid communication with the valve and extends from another one of the subcircuits. The primary and secondary vent lines are connectable to a shared third vent line which feeds into a compensating reservoir arranged at a geodetically highest point in the coolant circuit. The valve is constructed to establish a continuous fluid communication of the primary vent line with the compensating reservoir via the third vent line and to establish a fluid communication of the secondary vent line with the compensating reservoir via the third vent line only in the presence of air bubbles in the secondary vent line.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block and a cylinder head, with at least one first cooling jacket (1) being arranged in the cylinder block and at least one second cooling jacket (2) being arranged in the cylinder head, and a cooling fluid can flow through the cooling jackets (1, 2) substantially in the longitudinal direction of the internal combustion engine, and with both the cylinder block and the cylinder head having separate inflows (6, 8) and outlets (7, 9) for the cooling fluid which communicate with the respective cooling jacket (1, 2) in the cylinder block and cylinder head. In order to ensure even cooling especially of thermally loaded regions of the cylinder head, at least one flow transfer (10, 11) is arranged between the first cooling jacket (1) of the cylinder block and the second cooling jacket (2) of the cylinder head.

Abstract: A cooling system for a marine engine is provided with various cooling channels which allow the advantageous removal of heat at different rates from different portions of the engine. A split flow of water is conducted through the cylinder head, in opposite directions, to individually cool the exhaust port and intake ports at different rates. This increases the velocity of coolant flow in the downward direction through the cylinder head to avoid the accumulation of air bubbles and the formation of air pockets that could otherwise cause hot spots within the cylinder head. A parallel coolant path is provided so that a certain quantity of water can bypass the engine block and avoid overcooling the cylinder walls.

Abstract: A cylinder head with an integrated exhaust manifold is provided, the integrated exhaust manifold including an exhaust manifold flange. In one example, the cylinder head includes a cooled flange to control exhaust system heat. The cylinder head can improve operation of an integrated cylinder head during at least some operating conditions.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for expediting warm up of an internal combustion engine cylinder block and engine oil utilizing an existing oil coolant circuit. A method for warming up an internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder, a cylinder block which is formed by an upper crankcase half mounted to a lower crankcase half, said lower crankcase half containing an oil sump which is fed, via a supply line, by a coolant jacket, an inlet side of said coolant jacket supplied in turn with oil via the oil sump by an oil pump, the method comprising: releasing oil from the coolant jacket via gravity to reduce a cooling capacity of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A firing deck (16) for an engine crankcase includes a firing side surface (35) and a coolant side surface (34). A plurality of cylinder bores (18) are disposed through the firing deck (16) from the firing side surface (35) to the coolant side surface (34). The cylinder bores (18) form a centerline defining an intake side (26) of the firing deck (16) and an exhaust side (28) of the firing deck. A plurality of bosses (30) through the deck (16) from the firing side surface (35) to the coolant side surface (34) are disposed around each cylinder bore (18). A plurality of anti-distortion projections (36, 136) are disposed on the coolant side surface (34) of the firing deck (16) and provide the firing deck with a varied thickness. The anti-distortion projections (36, 136) are disposed on both the intake side (26) and the exhaust side (28) of the firing deck (16).

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement including an internal combustion engine ignition device having a spark plug and a spark plug seat (in which the spark plug can be fastened in a fastening zone), and a cylinder head in which the spark plug is or can be mounted via the spark plug seat. The cylinder head has a cylinder head cooling cavity. The spark plug seat includes a temperature control medium chamber which is separate from the cylinder head cooling cavity and has a cooling medium feed line and a cooling medium discharge line. The temperature control medium chamber and the cylinder head cooling cavity are connected to separate medium temperature control devices and form separate medium systems.

Abstract: A four-stroke engine includes a cylinder head, a cylinder body connected to the cylinder head, and a fuel injection valve. The cylinder head defines a combustion chamber, an intake port that communicates with the combustion chamber, and an exhaust port that communicates with the combustion chamber. The fuel injection valve is held by the cylinder head on a side extending from the exhaust port to the cylinder body. The fuel injection valve is arranged so as to supply a fuel mist directly to the combustion chamber by jetting the fuel mist toward the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A cylinder block for an internal-combustion engine includes a first cavity and a second cavity adapted to contain a cooling liquid extend around respective portions of the cylinder. The first cavity of each cylinder communicates hydraulically with the first cavity of at least one adjacent cylinder to define a first cooling jacket. The second cavity of each cylinder communicates hydraulically with the second cavity of at least one adjacent cylinder to define a second cooling jacket. The first and the second cooling jackets each are in fluid communication with a second supply channel. Each of the supply channels is in fluid communication with a supply source with a direction of flow such that the cooling liquid goes towards the first and second cooling jackets, coming out through the top face.

Abstract: An engine block assembly for an internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder portion having a plurality of cylinder walls disposed therein. A water jacket, having opposed side walls, extends about the plurality of cylinder walls to define a coolant flow path. A coolant inlet in fluid communication with the water jacket delivers coolant thereto and a coolant outlet in fluid communication with the water jacket removes coolant therefrom. Opposed sealing shoulders extend into the coolant flow path from the water jacket side walls and a longitudinally extending coolant baffle is disposed in the water jacket adjacent to the sealing shoulders. The coolant baffle includes a baffle sealing face configured to engage the opposed sealing shoulders to direct the coolant entering the water jacket in a single direction around the cylinder walls of the cylinder portion.

Abstract: An improved cooling fluid passage configuration provides for uniformity of cooling about the entire periphery of a cylinder liner of an internal combustion engine in addition to improved cooling by increasing the flow in an upper water jacket of a split water jacket design. The cooling fluid passage configuration also provides a reduced pressure drop between a cylinder liner cooling fluid inlet and a cylinder head cooling fluid outlet when compared to conventional designs with a single head feed line, permitting use of a smaller cooling fluid pump and leading to increased efficiency of the engine.

Abstract: A cylinder liner and piston configuration for an internal combustion engine includes features for improving the cooling of the piston. Specific ratios and dimensions are included to optimize the features of the cylinder liner and piston. Also included are unique piston features that assist in achieving some of the specified dimensions and ratios.

Abstract: A cooling jacket casting core for the production of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine. The cooling jacket casting core has a slot running at least in part substantially in the direction of a crankshaft longitudinal axis and separating the cooling jacket casting core in at least one section. The slot can run at least in part in an impression of the cooling jacket and can have at least one elevation arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cooling jacket casting core.

Abstract: An open deck type cylinder block (10) that is one embodiment of the present invention is configured as follows. A shallow portion (21) and a deep portion (22) are provided in a water jacket (20). The shallow portion (21) is provided in a portion that is comparatively far from a head bolt hole (17), while on the other hand the deep portion (22) is provided in a portion that is comparatively close to the head bolt hole (17). A hollow portion (18) in which a block outer wall is hollowed toward a cylinder center side is provided between a bottom wall portion of the shallow portion (21) and a skirt portion (14) used as a crank case.

Abstract: The cooling device 1 includes the engine 50 having a cylinder block 51 provided with a partial W/J 511a circulating a coolant in a periphery of a cylinder 51a. In the cooling device 1, an outer wall portion W2 of a wall portion forming the partial W/J is made of a material having a heat conductivity lower than a material of an inner wall portion of the wall portion, the inner wall portion W1 facing the outer wall portion W2 and being located in the cylinder 51a side.

Abstract: The cooling apparatus 1 includes the engine 50 having a cylinder block 51 provided with a partial W/J 511a circulating a coolant in the periphery of a cylinder 53a, and a cylinder head 52. In the cooling apparatus 1, the cylinder 53a is formed with a cylinder liner 53, and the cylinder liner 53 is configured with a functionally graded material such that a heat conductivity of a top dead center side is larger than that of a bottom dead center side.

Abstract: A cooling water passage structure includes an engine having cylinder axes arranged in a V-shape centering on a crankshaft; water jackets formed in front and rear cylinder blocks and cylinder heads of the engine; a thermostat case having a portion formed integrally with the front and rear cylinder blocks in the V-bank of the front and rear cylinder blocks; a cooling water inlet side connecting portion 81 connecting a cooling water supply side line with a cooling water passage including the water jackets; and a cooling water outlet side connecting portion connecting a cooling water discharge side line with a cooling water passage including the water jackets. The thermostat case, the cooling water inlet side connecting portion, and the cooling water outlet side connecting portion are disposed at one end side of the engine in the direction of the crankshaft 52.

Abstract: A cooling system for internal combustion engines provides directed flows of heated or cooled coolant to various engine components and/or accessories as needed. By providing directed flows, the overall coolant flow volume is reduced from that of conventional cooling systems, allowing for a smaller capacity water pump to be employed which results in a net energy savings for the engine. Further, by reducing the overall coolant flow volume, the hoses and/or galleries required for the directed flows are reduced from those of conventional cooling systems, providing a cost savings and a weight savings. Finally, by preferably employing an impellor type water pump, the expense of an electric water pump and its associated control circuitry can be avoided. The direct flows are established by a multifunction valve which, in a preferred implementation, comprises a two-plate valve wherein each plate is operated by a wax motor.

Abstract: A crankcase breathing system (1) for an internal combustion engine includes at least one oil separating apparatus with a preliminary separator (3) and a main separator (4) arranged downstream of the same, with the preliminary separator (3) including a diffuser (11) between an inlet (7) and an outlet (8) which expands in the direction of flow. In order to achieve high separation rates in the simplest possible way it is provided that the preliminary separator (3) is arranged integrally with the main separator (4), with preferably the preliminary separator (3) and the main separator (4) forming a separator unit (2).

Abstract: A cooling structure of an internal combustion engine includes: a cooling water introducing port provided on one end side of a cylinder block; and a water jacket provided so as to surround a cylinder bore wall, wherein cooling water is introduced from the cooling water introducing port into the water jacket, the cooling water is branched to flow to a portion on an intake side and a portion on an exhaust side of the water jacket of the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine, and the cooling water is supplied from a cylinder block side to a cylinder head side, the cooling structure of the internal combustion engine, further comprising a first regulation portion that regulates a flow of the cooling water supplied to the cylinder head side.

Abstract: Example embodiments for reducing thermal load in one or more exhaust gas lines are provided. One embodiment includes an internal combustion engine with liquid cooling, comprising at least one exhaust gas line, at least one coolant jacket, and a common boundary wall separating the at least one exhaust gas line and the at least one coolant jacket, wherein the common boundary wall includes a surface structure provided on sides of the coolant jacket in at least one locally limited region. In this way, the surface structure on the sides of the coolant jacket may increase heat transfer to reduce thermal loading.

Abstract: Embodiments for cooling a turbine of an engine are provided. In one example embodiment, an internal combustion engine comprises a turbocharger including a turbine having a coolant jacket integrated in a housing of the turbine, and an oil circuit coupled to the coolant jacket of the turbine. By cooling the turbine with the oil circuit, the turbine may be constructed from less-heat resistant materials.

Abstract: A cooling circuit of an engine may include a water pump provided at a coolant circulation line, an engine provided with a water jacket forming a pathway through which a coolant supplied from the water pump passes, and having a coolant inflow line and a coolant exhaust line, a radiator connected to the coolant exhaust line, a thermostat selectively connecting the radiator with the water pump to control a coolant flow, a first cooling line connecting the coolant exhaust line to a heater, a first return line connecting the heater to the water pump through the thermostat, a second cooling line connecting the coolant exhaust line to a throttle body, a third cooling line connecting the throttle body to an oil cooler, and a second return line connecting the oil cooler to the first return line to guide a coolant exhausted from the oil cooler to the first return line.

Abstract: Provided is a cylinder block which includes a liner and a water jacket having a closed-deck structure in a simple configuration and which has a structure providing high rigidity and enabling easy formation at low cost. A cylinder block of the present invention includes a liner arranged on an inner circumference surface of a bored hole and a water jacket arranged on the outside of the liner in the radial direction. By a bending process of folding back an end portion of a cylinder-shaped member, a hollow portion capable of forming the water jacket is formed integrally in one end portion or both end portions of a liner portion forming the liner, and the cylinder-shaped member is enclosed with a cylinder block forming material by casting.

Abstract: An engine includes exhaust manifold integrally formed with a cylinder head. The engine may include an exhaust manifold having at least one single exhaust outlet for exhausting exhaust gas that is exhausted from at least two cylinders that are not adjacent with each other, wherein periods during which exhaust valves are open are not overlapped with each other between the at least two cylinders. The exhaust manifold is integrally formed with the cylinder head such that costs can be reduced. Also, the water jacket is formed between the exhaust passages of the exhaust manifold such that the durability of the turbocharger that is affected by a heat load can be improved. Also, the twin scroll turbocharger is directly connected to the exhaust outlet of the manifold such that the compression ratio of the intake air can be effectively improved.

Abstract: A cylinder head of an internal combustion engine in which a cooling circuit is arranged, suited for a coolant circulation, includes a peripheral duct surrounding an exhaust valve seat and a peripheral duct surrounding an inlet valve seat communicating by means of a connecting duct; the cylinder head including a first coolant inlet, a second coolant inlet, and an outlet for heated coolant, the second inlet communicating with the connecting duct.

Abstract: In a water-cooled four-cycle engine, an engine core including a cylinder block, a cylinder head and a first crankcase half body is formed as a unitary part cast integrally; a water jacket including a cylinder jacket surrounding a cylinder bore and a head jacket surrounding a combustion chamber is formed in the engine core; and a timing-belt chamber being adjacent to the cylinder jacket is provided in a side portion of the engine core. A first opening portion for forming a first semi-peripheral portion of the cylinder jacket on a side opposite from the timing-belt chamber by casting out is provided in a side surface of the cylinder block. A second opening portion for forming a second semi-peripheral portion of the cylinder jacket and the head jacket by casting out is provided in an upper surface of the cylinder head.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine cylinder head is based upon a one-piece structure including a number of exhaust runners, an exhaust collector, and a turbocharger exhaust turbine housing, all formed as one-piece.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a light metal or plastic cylinder crankcase (2) of an internal combustion engine having a closed-deck design, comprising the steps of —casting a cylinder liner (4) using salt cores (6) corresponding at least to the cavities of the water jackets, —encapsulating the pre-cast cylinder liner in a pressure die-casting process in a light metal melt in order to achieve the cylinder crankcase (2) having a closed-deck design, wherein the cylinder liner (4) still contains the salt cores (6) at least in the water jackets during encapsulation.

Abstract: A spacer covers intermediate portions of respective cylinder bores in a depth direction of a water jacket throughout the entire peripheries of the intermediate portions in the peripheral direction. Accordingly, the intermediate portion of each cylinder bore becomes higher in temperature than any other portion, and is thermally expanded. Thereby, the clearance between the cylinder bore and the corresponding piston increases. Thus, the friction decreases to improve fuel efficiency of an internal combustion engine. Furthermore, since the temperature of oil lubricating the intermediate portion of the cylinder bore rises, and the viscosity decreases. Accordingly, the effect of friction reduction is enhanced more. Furthermore, upper and lower portions of the cylinder bores in a cylinder axis direction are sufficiently cooled. Therefore, the cooling performance of a top part and a skirt part of each piston, which tends to become higher in temperature, is secured. Accordingly, overheat can be prevented.

Abstract: A spacer fitted inside a water jacket which is formed to surround peripheries of cylinder bores in a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine includes: a spacer main body part partitioning the water jacket into an upper cooling water passage and a lower cooling water passage; and a cooling water outlet and inlet port part continuing to the spacer main body part. A center of a thickness of the cooling water outlet and inlet port part is offset in a radial direction from a center of a thickness of the spacer main body part. Accordingly, when cooling water passes the cooling water outlet and inlet port part, the pressure loss can be reduced in such a way that the cooling water outlet and inlet port part does not interfere with the passage.

Abstract: A spacer fitted inside a water jacket of a cylinder block in an internal combustion engine is set so that a space formed between an inner peripheral surface of the spacer and an inner wall surface of the water jacket is smaller than a space formed between an outer peripheral surface of the spacer and an outer wall surface of the water jacket. Accordingly, even if a position of the spacer is shifted in a radial direction, the inner peripheral surface of the spacer comes into abutment on the inner wall surface of the water jacket at first. Thereby, the abutment of the outer peripheral surface of the spacer on the outer wall surface of the water jacket is prevented completely. Therefore, hitting sounds of pistons can be blocked by the space between the outer peripheral surface of the spacer and the outer wall surface of the water jacket.

Abstract: Combustion engine comprising interconnected combustion cylinders (1, 2, 3, 4), comprising at least two sets of each two opposed working combustion cylinders (1, 2, 3, 4), said two cylinders of each set being interconnected by a common piston rod (5, 6), said two piston rods (5, 6) being connected by one balance arm (7), and the exploitable energy is taken from the kinetic energy of said balance arm (7).

Abstract: A cooling water passage structure of internal combustion engines is provided which can contribute to a scale-down of the external form of the engine and also can prevent deformation of the cylinder bores. The cooling water passage structure comprises a water jacket for the flow of cooling water provided on the peripheries of a plurality of cylinder bores; and a lateral suction passage 9a, 9b integrally formed with a side wall of a cylinder block 2 having bolt holes formed for fastening a cylinder head 3. The lateral suction passage runs through by the cylinder bores at a height in the vicinity of the water jacket bottom and is arranged on the outside of, and perpendicular to the bolt holes. On the rear surface of the cylinder head 3 is mounted a water passage block 15 and on the front end part of the cylinder block 2 is provided a water pump housing 10.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved internal combustion engine that uses film cooling. Improved fuel efficiency and other parameters are achieved through the design and use of the present invention.

Abstract: Fuel injection valves 3 each inserted into injection valve mounting holes 2 are fixed to cylinder head 1 through bifurcated clamps 21. Clamps 21 each include base portion 22 brought into abut contact with and supported on middle bolt 14a which is disposed at the middle portion of cam bracket 13, bifurcated tip end portion 23 pressing fuel injection valve 3, and intermediate portion 24 fastened by bolt 25 having a tip end portion which is screwed into cylinder head 1. Four clamps 21 are arranged on a straight line along a direction of a row of cylinders. Respective clamps 21 corresponding to cylinders #1 and #2 and respective clamps 21 corresponding to cylinders #3 and #4 are arranged symmetrically with each other such that base portions 22 are disposed on an outside. Core supporting hole 31 is disposed at a central portion of cylinder head 1 which is free from coverage by clamp 21. With this construction, it is possible to effectively release gas.

Abstract: A cylinder head sleeve for an engine is provided comprising a sleeve first part and a sleeve second part which form a cavity to contain a fuel injector or an ignitor, and wherein the sleeve first part and the sleeve second part which form a joint for the sleeve first part and the sleeve second part to move relative to each other. A cylinder head assembly is also provided comprising the sleeve and a cylinder head, as well as a method of providing the cylinder head assembly.

Abstract: The two-stroke engine has a plurality of intake passages extending from the external air inlet port through the crankcase, separating the intake air charge from the air and oil vapor within the crankcase. The piston has one or more corresponding inlet tubes depending therefrom that telescope within the crankcase intake passages as the piston reciprocates. All intake air travels through these passages and is separated from the remainder of the crankcase volume. The incoming air charge passes through a concentric poppet valve in the piston crown to enter the combustion chamber. Fuel is provided by conventional direct or port injection and ignition is provided by one or more conventional spark plugs. Diesel operation is achievable when the engine is configured appropriately. Exhaust exits the combustion chamber through a poppet valve in the cylinder head, the poppet valve being actuated by a rocker arm and pushrod from a crankshaft driven cam.

Abstract: A firing deck (16) for an engine crankcase includes a firing side surface (35) and a coolant side surface (34). A plurality of cylinder bores (18) are disposed through the firing deck (16) from the firing side surface (35) to the coolant side surface (34). The cylinder bores (18) form a centerline defining an intake side (26) of the firing deck (16) and an exhaust side (28) of the firing deck. A plurality of bosses (30) through the deck (16) from the firing side surface (35) to the coolant side surface (34) are disposed around each cylinder bore (18). A plurality of anti-distortion projections (36, 136) are disposed on the coolant side surface (34) of the firing deck (16) and provide the firing deck with a varied thickness. The anti-distortion projections (36, 136) are disposed on both the intake side (26) and the exhaust side (28) of the firing deck (16).

Abstract: A device for controlling surface temperatures on exposed surfaces of internal combustion engines to maintain all exposed engine surfaces below a predetermined maximum temperature includes a cooled enclosure enclosing components of the engine that normally have surfaces reaching temperatures above the predetermined maximum during normal operation of the engine. The cooled enclosure is sized to provide an air space between the enclosed engine surfaces and the exposed walls of the enclosure to slow heat transfer from the enclosed engine surfaces to the exposed enclosure walls, and the exposed enclosure walls are cooled, such as by circulation of cooling fluid through fluid circulation spaces within the walls, to maintain the exposed walls below the predetermined maximum. Cooling fluid for the cooled walls can come from the usual engine cooling system.

Abstract: A bottom face of a cylinder head (3) defining a combustion chamber (1) is formed substantially in a shape of a spherical shell, and ignition points (21) are arranged in three or more on a concentric circle of 55 to 70% of a diameter of a cylinder block (30) or the vicinity thereof, and combustion is performed with an air excess ratio of the combustion chamber (1) of 1.5 or more.

Abstract: A water-jacket structure, for a water-cooled internal combustion engine, forms a cylinder block water jacket in a cylinder block so as to surround cylinder bores formed in the cylinder block to make cooling water flow through the cylinder block water jacket into a cylinder head water jacket formed in a cylinder head joined to the cylinder block. An upper connecting opening is formed in an upper part of the cylinder block water jacket so as to open into the cylinder head water jacket. In the cylinder block is formed a lower connecting passage opening into a lower part of the cylinder block water jacket, extending upward, and connecting to the cylinder head water jacket.