Abstract: A system for an engine to determine in situ under specified conditions the auto-ignition quality of the fuel used in a compression ignition engine is provided. The system may include an ion current sensor. The ion current sensor may access an engine cylinder for obtaining ion current data. A control unit may be in communication with the ion current sensor for receiving the ion current data. The control unit being configured to determine the auto-ignition quality of the fuel based on features of the ion current data.

Abstract: A piston includes a swirl pocket that extends radially from the radially outer lip portion to a lower axial extremity spaced away from the radially outer lip portion a first axial distance. A convex arcuate surface extends downwardly and inwardly from the radially outer lip portion, a concave arcuate surface extends to the lower axial extremity from the convex arcuate surface, and a conical portion extends upwardly and inwardly from the concave arcuate surface to an apex that is spaced a second axial distance from the radially outer lip portion that is less than the first axial distance.

Abstract: A method of controlling a skip-fire cylinder deactivation system of an engine system is provided. The method includes a controller deactivating a cylinder of the engine system to operate the engine system in a skip-fire mode. The method further includes determining a temperature of an injector tip nozzle associated with the cylinder and comparing the temperature of the injector tip nozzle to a threshold a temperature. In response to determining that the temperature of the injector tip nozzle is greater than the threshold temperature, the cylinder is activated by the controller.

Abstract: The invention relates to an engine having prechamber ignition, in particular a gas engine, that comprises a main combustion space in a cylinder of the engine for combusting an air-fuel mixture and a prechamber having an ignition device arranged therein and a fuel injector arranged therein, wherein the prechamber has at least one transfer port that fluidically connects the prechamber to the main combustion space. The engine is characterized in that the fuel injector arranged in the prechamber is the only fuel injector via which fuel can be introduced into the associated main combustion space.

Abstract: A control method of an internal combustion engine including an in-cylinder injection fuel injection valve arranged to inject a fuel to a combustion chamber, and a port injection fuel injection valve arranged to inject the fuel to an intake port, the control method includes: sensing or estimating a fuel temperature at a tip end portion of the in-cylinder injection fuel injection valve; sensing an intake pressure; judging whether or not a flash boiling condition based on the fuel temperature and the intake pressure; setting the in-cylinder fuel injection valve to a default fuel injection valve; and injecting an entire or a part of the fuel from the port injection fuel injection valve by decreasing an injection amount ratio of the in-cylinder injection fuel injection valve when the flash boiling condition is satisfied.

Abstract: To provide a controller and a control method for internal combustion engine which can suppress the increase in the calculation processing load for determining occurrence of the mechanical noise and occurrence of the knocking with good accuracy even when the mechanical noise occurs. When the maximum value of the strength of the component of the second frequency band in the comparison period exceeds the maximum value of the strength of the component of the first frequency band, a controller for internal combustion engine performs a second side stop determination processing that determine whether the knocking occurred, based on the strength of the component of the first frequency band, without using the strength of the component of the second frequency band.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with an open-loop or closed-loop control device (2), wherein at least one combustion chamber (3) of the internal combustion engine (1) is designed to burn a fuel-air mixture using at least one combustion parameters that can be influenced by the open-loop or closed-loop control device (2), wherein the open-loop or closed-loop control device (2) has an emission control loop that is configured to actuate the at least one actuator that influences the at least one combustion parameter as a substitute parameter for NOx emissions by means of a functional relationship in such way that at last one combustion parameter can be set for each target or actual power rating of the internal combustion engine (1), wherein the functional relationship takes account of an influence of a change of the exhaust backpressure (p3?) affecting at least one combustion chamber (3).

Abstract: An evaporative emissions (EVAP) system for an engine of a vehicle includes an ion sensing system configured to measure a fuel/air ratio (FAR) within cylinders of the engine and a controller configured to, during an engine cold start period, perform open-loop lambda control of the engine including obtaining, from the ion sensing system, the measured FAR within the cylinders of the engine, comparing the measured FAR within the cylinders of the engine to a target FAR within cylinders of the engine, and based on the comparing, adjusting operation of at least one of the EVAP system and fuel injectors of the engine to maintain a stoichiometric operation of the engine, wherein the use of the ion sensing system for open-loop lambda control of the engine eliminates the need for a hydrocarbon (HC) sensor in the EVAP system.

Abstract: To provide a controller and a control method for an internal combustion engine capable of calculating a target value of controlled variable of internal combustion engine which realizes the target torque, while reducing the number of calculations using a torque characteristics function. A controller and a control method for an internal combustion engine calculates ignition sample numbers of ignition corresponding torques corresponding to the respective ignition sample numbers of ignition timings, by using a torque characteristics function relationship in which a relationship between driving condition and output torque is preliminarily set; and calculates an ignition torque approximated curve approximating a relationship between the ignition sample numbers of the ignition timings and the ignition sample numbers of the ignition corresponding torques; and calculates a target ignition timing corresponding to the target torque.

Abstract: To provide a controller and a control method for internal combustion engine which can reduce arithmetic load, while suppressing deterioration in the estimation accuracy of the parameter relevant to the combustion state, even if the error component of high frequency is included in the crank angle acceleration. A controller for internal combustion engine, by referring an unburning condition data, calculates a shaft torque in unburning in the vicinity of the top dead center in the burning condition; calculates an external load torque based on calculated shaft torque in unburning and the actual shaft torque in burning in the vicinity of the top dead center; calculates a shaft torque in unburning by referring the unburning condition data; calculates an increment of gas pressure torque by burning based on the shaft torque in unburning, the actual shaft torque in burning, and the external load torque.

Abstract: A CPU performs a regeneration process for a GPF by stopping combustion control of cylinder #1 and causing an air-fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture in the other cylinders to be richer. The CPU calculates a rotational fluctuation amount which is used to detect random misfires in which a misfire rate in a predetermined period is equal to or greater than a predetermined proportion by calculating a difference in time et3txdh in which a crank shaft rotates by 30°CA. At the time of performing the regeneration process, the CPU calculates the rotational fluctuation amount based on a value obtained by removing an influence of torsion of a damper from the time et3txdh. When the influence of torsion is removed, 0.5th-order rotation and harmonics thereof are selectively used using a filter process.

Abstract: A misfire detection device and a misfire detection method for an internal combustion engine, and a memory medium are provided. Cylinders adjacent to the deactivated cylinder include a determined cylinder subject to a determination of whether a misfire has occurred and a cylinder different from the determined cylinder. It is determined that a misfire has occurred in the determined cylinder on condition that a divergence degree between a value of a combustion variable of the cylinder different from the determined cylinder and adjacent to the deactivated cylinder and a value of a combustion variable of the determined cylinder is greater than or equal to a specific amount. Combustion control has been executed in the cylinders adjacent to the deactivated cylinder and the cylinder different from the determined cylinder and adjacent to the deactivated cylinder.

Abstract: Systems and methods for optimizing a performance variable for an engine system. The method includes applying constraints of manipulated variables as well as performance variables, mechanical constraints and other engine responses to response models. The response models each represent a piecewise linear relationship between the manipulated variables and other engine responses including performance variables and constraints. The method also comprises determining an optimal target for each of the manipulated variables by using a quasi-simplex optimization process on the response models. The optimal targets of the manipulated variables correspond to an optimal value of the performance variable.

Abstract: A method of operating a gaseous fuel internal combustion engine comprises performing at least one measurement relating to the combustion of a mixture of gaseous fuel and air in a combustion chamber of an associated cylinder in a combustion cycle. At least one combustion parameter, for example, a start of combustion, is determined based on the at least one measurement. When the combustion parameter differs from a desired combustion parameter, an ignition device associated with the cylinder is controlled based on the comparison in order to control the combustion in the current combustion cycle.

Abstract: A controller for a dedicated exhaust gas recirculation (D-EGR) engine is disclosed. The controller may receive a plurality of cylinder pressure signals, each of which is associated with a respective cylinder in a plurality of cylinders of the D-EGR engine. The plurality of cylinders includes at least one donor cylinder and a set of non-donor cylinders. The controller may receive a crankshaft angle signal associated with a crankshaft of the D-EGR engine. The controller may selectively adjust ignition timing of a cylinder, of the plurality of cylinders, based on the crankshaft angle signal and a cylinder pressure signal, of the plurality of cylinder pressure signals, associated with the cylinder; or a fuel rate of the at least one donor cylinder based on the crankshaft angle signal and a set of cylinder pressure signals, of the plurality of cylinder pressure signals, associated with the set of non-donor cylinders.

Abstract: An engine control apparatus includes an ignition control section and an injection control section. When the partial compression ignition combustion is carried out, the ignition control section causes an ignition plug to carry out: main ignition in which a spark is generated in a late period of a compression stroke or an initial period of a expansion stroke to initiate the SI combustion; and preceding ignition in which the spark is generated at earlier timing than the main ignition. Also, when the partial compression ignition combustion is carried out, the injection control section causes the injector to inject fuel at such timing that the fuel exists in a cylinder at an earlier time point than the preceding ignition. The energy of the preceding ignition is set to be higher when the in-cylinder pressure specified by the in-cylinder pressure specification section is high than when the in-cylinder pressure is low.

Abstract: A knocking sensor detecting vibration of an engine body and a pressure sensor detecting a pressure of a combustion chamber are provided. A value representing the knocking strength is acquired from output values of the pressure sensor. Weights of a neural network are learned using a value representing the vibration of the engine body detected by the knocking sensor as an input value of the neural network and using the acquired value representing the knocking strength as training data. The value representing the knocking strength is estimated from the output values of the knocking sensor by using the learned neural network.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for balancing a plurality of fuel injectors via a diagnostic. In one example, a method may include adjusting a fuel injection pattern to increase an occurrence of a fuel injection being preceded by a same-cylinder bank fuel injection. The method may further include skipping fuel injections resulting in the fuel injection being preceded by an opposite-cylinder bank fuel injection.

Abstract: A method of controlling the fuel air mixture of an internal combustion engine following a cold restart includes determining a control parameter based on the value of current coolant temperature at time of current engine start, the value of coolant temperature at time of the previous engine start, a calibratable reference temperature, the total accumulated fuel mass injected during previous engine run time, the time the engine was off before the restart, and the time the engine was run after previous start. The method also includes controlling the fuel air mixture based on said control parameter.

Abstract: A state detection system for an internal combustion engine is provided. Rotation waveform variables include information on a difference between cylinders in the rotational speed of a crankshaft during periods in which the respective cylinders generate combustion torque. An obtainment process obtains a value of the rotation waveform variables and a value of a road surface state variable based on an output of a sensor that detects a state of the road surface. A selection process selects, from a plurality of types of mapping data stored in the storage device, the mapping data that is associated with the road surface state variable as the detection mapping. A determination process determines whether the engine is in a predetermined operating state based on an output value of the selected detection mapping that takes the rotation waveform variables as inputs.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of predicting engine knocking, which includes calculating initial pressure in cylinder based on operating data and pressure in intake manifold measured using manifold absolute pressure sensor, calculating pressure at spark timing in the cylinder by interpreting compression process as polytropic process based on the calculated initial pressure in the cylinder, calculating heat release rate for individual operating conditions based on the calculated pressure in the cylinder at spark timing, calculating pressure change in the cylinder based on the calculated heat release rate, calculating unburned gas temperature in adiabatic compression process based on the calculated pressure change in the cylinder, and determining whether knock occurs by calculating ignition delay based on the calculated unburned gas temperature and calculating unburned gas mass fraction at crank angle at the end of the ignition delay.

Abstract: A supercharged engine includes an engine body, an electric supercharger, a turbocharger, an EGR passage establishing communication between an exhaust passage downstream from a turbine of the turbocharger and an intake passage upstream from a compressor of the turbocharger, a fuel supply unit configured to supply fuel into a cylinder, and a controller configured to open the EGR passage and output a control signal to the electric supercharger to increase a boost pressure of the electric supercharger during acceleration of the vehicle in which an amount of the fuel supplied by the fuel supply unit is increased in response to an acceleration request signal.

Abstract: An engine including a cylinder internal pressure sensor, a torque sensor, and an engine control device. The cylinder internal pressure sensor detects a cylinder internal pressure. The torque sensor detects an engine load. The engine control device receives a detection result of the cylinder internal pressure sensor and a detection result of the torque sensor. If the load detected by the torque sensor is zero (no load) and the cylinder internal pressure obtained from the detection result of the cylinder internal pressure sensor is greater than or equal to a threshold, the engine control device determines that an abnormality occurs in detection by the torque sensor.

Abstract: Regarding a flexible display apparatus, a technique capable of securing connection performance between the members in the thickness direction and reducing the change of the cell gap, and besides, achieving favorable optical property such as the improvement of the aperture ratio is provided. A display apparatus 1 includes: a first substrate SB1 having flexibility; a second substrate SB2 having flexibility; a liquid crystal layer LQ serving as an electrooptic layer; and a display area made of these components. The second substrate SB2 includes: a color filter (second color filter CF2) arranged in a region corresponding to an opening P1 of each pixel in the display area in a plan view; and a first light blocking film BM1 having an ultraviolet-light transmitting property and arranged in a region corresponding to a non-opening P2 between pixels.

Abstract: Provided is an ignition control section and an injection control section. When partial compression ignition combustion is carried out, the ignition control section causes an ignition plug to carry out: main ignition in which a spark is generated in a late period of a compression stroke or an initial period of an expansion stroke to initiate SI combustion; and preceding ignition in which the spark is generated at earlier timing than the main ignition. Also, when the partial compression ignition combustion is carried out, the injection control section causes an injector to inject fuel at such timing that the fuel exists in a cylinder at an earlier time point than the preceding ignition. Ignition timing of the preceding ignition is set to be more advanced when an in-cylinder temperature specified by an in-cylinder temperature specification section is high than when the in-cylinder temperature is low.

Abstract: Methods and systems, using a controller (20), for performing de-rate operation of an engine (12) is disclosed. Controller (20) includes a de-rate condition detection unit (204), an operational parameter adjustment unit (206), and a de-rate condition monitoring unit (208). De-rate condition detection unit (204) detects a low fuel condition based on a current delivery pressure level of the engine (12) detected at least one of: in a fuel tank (24) and along an inlet fuel rail (38) connecting the fuel tank (24) to the engine (12). Operational parameter adjustment unit (206) performs the de-rate operation on the engine (12) by adjusting one or more operational parameters related to an engine (12) load based on the detected low fuel condition. De-rate condition monitoring unit (208) monitors the detected low fuel condition for a predetermined time period in response to the operational parameter adjustment performed by operational parameter adjustment unit (206).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method (100) for estimating a cylinder pressure (CP) in an internal combustion engine arrangement (10), the method comprising the steps of: initiating (110) an opening of a valve by an actuator during an expansion stroke; monitoring (120) the valve to determine a point in time (Tp) when the valve opens; determining (130) a differential pressure (DP) between the combustion cylinder and a position in a fluid medium exhaust passage (29, 39, 60) downstream said valve at the point in time (Tp); receiving (140) data being indicative of a pressure (EP) in the fluid medium passage at the point in time (Tp); and determining (150) the cylinder pressure (CP) at the point in time (Tp) based on the determined differential pressure (DP) and the data indicative of the pressure in said fluid medium passage.

Abstract: Provided is a control device of an internal combustion engine that reduces the number of times of discharge in multiple discharge by an ignition plug of the internal combustion engine and suppresses an error in fuel ignition by the ignition plug. The control device according to the present invention includes an ignition plug provided in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, and an ignition control unit which has an ignition control function of controlling discharge (ignition) of the ignition plug and an ignition detection function of detecting ignition of an air-fuel mixture through ignition by the ignition plug. The ignition control unit is configured to stop ignition by the ignition plug on the basis of detection of ignition of the air-fuel mixture by the ignition plug.

Abstract: In a dither control process performed on a fuel injection valve, at least one cylinder is set as a rich combustion cylinder and another cylinder is set as a lean combustion cylinder. A dither control process is executed in a first mode when a vehicle is driven in a normal manner by a user. The dither control process is executed in a second mode on condition that a command signal for performing a temperature raising process on the exhaust gas purifier is input from a device outside the vehicle at a repair shop. The absolute value of the difference between the air-fuel ratio of the lean combustion cylinder and the air-fuel ratio of the rich combustion cylinder obtained by the dither control process is set to be greater in the second mode than in the first mode.

Abstract: An ignition timing control device includes bandpass filters each configured to pass and output only a specific frequency band for the output value of a knocking sensor, a storage device storing first learned neural networks configured to receive the output values of the bandpass filters in respective frequency band, and a processor. Each of the first learned neural networks is pre-learned to output an estimated value for a value representing knocking intensity when receiving the filtered output value of the bandpass filter. The processor calculates an optimal estimated value using a part of acquired estimated values for the value excluding a unique estimated value, and executes retarding control of an ignition timing based on the calculated optimal estimated value.

Abstract: A method for model-based control and regulation of an internal combustion engine. An emission class for operating the engine is read from a first library by an optimizer; a maximum mechanical component load is read from a second library by the optimizer using the engine type; and the emission class and the component load are set as mandatory for a combustion model and a gas path model. Injection system target values for actuating injection system actuators are calculated using the combustion model based on a target torque. Gas path target values for actuating gas path actuators are calculated using the gas path model based on the target torque. A quality measurement is calculated by the optimizer based on the injection system and gas path target values. The quality measurement is minimized by the optimizer by changing the injection system and gas path target values within a prediction horizon.

Abstract: A catalyst temperature estimation device that estimates a temperature of a catalyst provided in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine includes a storage device and processing circuitry. The storage device stores mapping data that specifies a mapping that uses multiple input variables to output an estimation value of the temperature of the catalyst. The multiple input variables include at least one variable of an ambient temperature variable or an excess amount variable. The multiple input variables further include a fluid energy variable, which is a state variable related to energy of fluid flowing into the catalyst, and a previous cycle value of the estimation value of the temperature of the catalyst. The processing circuitry is configured to execute an acquisition process, a temperature calculation process, and an operation process. The mapping data includes data that is learned through machine learning.

Abstract: Systems and methods for separating hydrocarbons on an internal combustion powered vehicle via one or more metal organic frameworks are disclosed. Systems and methods can further include utilizing separated hydrocarbons and exhaust to generate hydrogen gas for use as fuel.

Abstract: A system for controlling combustion misfire in an engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, at least a portion of the plurality of cylinders receiving recirculated exhaust gas, comprises a controller structured to detect a combustion misfire in at least one of the cylinders of the plurality of cylinders. The controller is configured to retard a spark timing of at least the portion of the plurality of cylinders after a time delay.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a generator set that includes a generator, an engine mechanically coupled to the generator, an enclosure housing the engine and the generator, a heating system, and a renewable energy-powered energy source. The generator is configured to supply power to an electrical system. The heating system is configured to heat at least one of the engine or the enclosure to at least a startup temperature. The renewable energy-powered energy source is configured to supply energy to the heating system to heat the at least one of the engine or the enclosure.

Abstract: A fuel injection control apparatus switches between MPI and DI+MPI modes. The apparatus includes a unit calculating a DI direct combustion rate that is the rate of that portion of the amount of DI injection corresponding to a fuel combusted instead of adhering to inside of the cylinder, and a unit calculating a cylinder vaporization rate that is the rate of the amount of that portion of the fuel adhering to the inside of the cylinder which vaporizes. The former unit controls fuel injection based at least on the DI direct combustion rate and the cylinder vaporization rate. When the mode is switched between the MPI mode and the DI+MPI mode, the former unit corrects the DI direct combustion rate or the cylinder vaporization rate to set the amount of fuel injection to a value different from that set when the fuel injection modes are maintained.

Abstract: A failure diagnosis device for an in-cylinder pressure sensor includes an in-cylinder pressure sensor, and a controller comprised of circuitry configured to execute a diagnosis module into which a signal of the in-cylinder pressure sensor is inputted and configured to diagnose a failure of the sensor based on the signal. The diagnosis module includes a reading module configured to read the signals of the in-cylinder pressure sensor at a first timing that is a timing retarded by a specific crank angle from a compression top dead center, and at a second timing that is a timing advanced by the specific crank angle from the compression top dead center, and a failure determining module configured to determine that the in-cylinder pressure sensor has failed when the failure determining module determines that a difference between signal values at the first timing and at the second timing exceeds a predefined threshold.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle including receiving measurement signals of a cylinder pressure sensor and determining cylinder pressure fluctuations as a function of the received measurement signals of the cylinder pressure sensor. The method also includes increasing an exhaust gas recirculation rate of the internal combustion engine as a function of the determined cylinder pressure fluctuations until a predefined limiting value of the cylinder pressure fluctuations is reached. In addition, the method includes determining an actual value of the exhaust gas recirculation rate if the predefined limiting value of the cylinder pressure fluctuations is reached, and storing the determined actual value as a setpoint value for the exhaust gas recirculation rate of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A combustion control method in an engine of a vehicle wherein an exhaust path includes a catalyst and a NOx sensor provided on an upstream side of the catalyst, the method includes the following steps. A step of determining whether a NOx concentration in an exhaust gas falls within a predetermined reference range; a step of estimating a heat generation rate profile indicating crank angle dependency of a heat generation rate in the engine when the NOx concentration is determined out of the reference range; and a step of comparing a value of an index characterizing the estimated heat generation rate profile with a value of an index in an ideal heat generation rate profile specified from a driving condition of the vehicle and controlling a combustion condition in the engine based on a result.

Abstract: A controller includes a valve control unit and a target calculation unit. The valve control unit is configured to control a fuel injection valve such that divergence decreases between an ignition delay of fuel injected into a cylinder through main injection and an ignition delay target value. The target calculation unit is configured to calculate the ignition delay target value such that the ignition delay target value decreases as estimated ignitability of the fuel in the cylinder increases during an engine operation in a region where diffusion combustion and premix combustion are both performed, the ignitability of the fuel in the cylinder being estimated based on a parameter that varies the ignitability.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for controlling an internal combustion engine comprising: determining a speed of the internal combustion engine; determining a cylinder wall temperature of a combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine; selecting an injection mode based at least in part on the speed and the cylinder wall temperature; and actuating a fuel injector associated with the combustion cylinder based on the selected injection mode.

Abstract: A method of calculating an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate using combustion pressure of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine includes: detecting, by a pressure sensor, the combustion pressure of the cylinder in real time; calculating, by a processor, a data characteristic of a combustion pressure waveform per cycle through principal component analysis based on the detected combustion pressure of the cylinder; calculating, by the processor, a moment of the combustion pressure waveform per cycle by calculating a probability distribution based on the detected combustion pressure of the cylinder; calculating, by the processor, the EGR rate using the calculated data characteristic, the calculated moment, and engine operating conditions; and controlling, by the processor, the EGR rate based on the calculated EGR rate and a target EGR rate.

Abstract: A method of predicting and controlling NOx generation amount is provided. The method includes calculating a difference between an actual and a reference NOx exhaust amount and analyzing influence of the in-cylinder pressure at a combustion start time, an oxygen amount in EGR gas, and a fuel injection timing. A NOx rate of change is calculated based on change in the in-cylinder pressure at the combustion start time, the oxygen amount in the EGR gas, and the fuel injection timing. A variation width and a NOx value are calculated at the combustion start time, the oxygen amount in the EGR gas, and the fuel injection timing. The NOx value is adjusted based on the NOx value adjustment amount and a NOx final value is determined. A target boost pressure, a target oxygen amount, and a target fuel injection timing are determined to provide a final command signal.

Abstract: A control device for an internal combustion engine comprising a combustion control part controlling a fuel feed system and ozone feed system so as to form a difference in ozone concentration space-wise or time-wise in a combustion chamber 11 so that premixed gas burns by compression ignition in stages in the combustion chamber and an ozone malfunction judging part judging malfunction of the ozone feed system. The ozone malfunction judging part judges that the ozone feed system is malfunctioning when the self-ignition timing is retarded from the presumed self-ignition timing and the combustion noise is larger than the presumed combustion noise or when the self-ignition timing is advanced from the presumed self-ignition timing and the combustion noise is smaller than the presumed combustion noise.

Abstract: An engine controller according to one aspect of the invention is applied to a cylinder injection engine including a fuel injection valve that directly injects fuel into a cylinder. The engine controller determines whether knocking is occurring based on a signal from a knocking sensor. When the knocking is occurring, the engine controller performs partial lift fuel injection at a predetermined timing close to an ignition timing. The partial lift fuel injection is performed with a lift amount of a valve body of the fuel injection valve limited within a range between a minimum lift amount (0) and a partial lift amount, which is smaller than a maximum lift amount.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for calculating an internal exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) amount of an engine include a continuously variable valve duration (CVVD) apparatus. The internal EGR amount is calculated by correcting a backflow gas amount based on a valve duration changed by operation of the continuously variable valve duration apparatus during valve overlap of an intake valve or an exhaust valve.

Abstract: A fuel injection control device is applied to an internal combustion engine that includes a port injection valve and a direct injection valve. The fuel injection control device includes a port warm-up judgment section, which judges whether the intake port has been warmed up, and an injection mode determination section, which determines the injection mode based on the engine speed and a predicted load rate. When determining the injection mode at the cold operation of the internal combustion engine, the injection mode determination section sets the range of the operation region of the internal combustion engine in which the direct-injection-only mode is selected as the injection mode to be broader in a case in which the port warm-up judgment section has judged that the port has not been warmed up than in a case in which the port warm-up judgment section has judged that the port has been warmed up.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block that defines a cylinder and a cylinder head mounted to the cylinder block. A reciprocating piston is arranged inside the cylinder for compressing an air and fuel mixture at a geometric compression ratio of at least 10:1. A crankshaft is arranged in the cylinder block and rotated by the piston. An intake valve is operatively connected to the cylinder head and controls delivery of air to the cylinder for combustion therein. A mechanism provides a constant peak lift of the intake valve over an angle of rotation of the crankshaft that is at least 5 degrees, i.e., an extended dwell at peak lift. A multi-stage boosting system having first and second gas compressors is selectively controlled to pressurize air that is received from the ambient for delivery to the cylinder. A vehicle having such an engine is also disclosed.

Abstract: An engine controller according to one aspect of the invention is applied to a cylinder injection engine including a fuel injection valve that directly injects fuel into a cylinder. The engine controller determines whether knocking is occurring based on a signal from a knocking sensor. When the knocking is occurring, the engine controller performs partial lift fuel injection at a predetermined timing close to an ignition timing. The partial lift fuel injection is performed with a lift amount of a valve body of the fuel injection valve limited within a range between a minimum lift amount (0) and a partial lift amount, which is smaller than a maximum lift amount.

Abstract: A method of determining the cetane number of a fuel in an internal combustion engine comprising, during running of the engine, i) with respect to one cylinder, performing a routine including a series of injections such that for each injection a quantity of fuel is injected into the cylinder, and during the routine varying the angle at which the injections takes place with respect to crankshaft angle; ii) measuring engine speed at intervals during the series of injections and determining values for changes in engine speed consequent to the injections; iii) determining cetane number from a pre-stored relationship relating the cetane number to changes in engine speed consequent to changes in the test injection angle.