Abstract: An easily controllable primary drive (5) guided in a first bore (3), for example a piezo actuator, transmits its stroke by a piston-hydraulic stroke transmission with a hydraulic chamber (2) onto a stroke element (70) of the secondary side guided in a second bore (4). The pressure in a valve chamber (9) is controlled via the stroke element (7) of the secondary side.

Abstract: An injection valve arrangement for injecting a pressure medium into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine comprises a valve body formed with a feed duct and an actuation chamber, and an elongated valve member fitted in the valve body and movable in the valve body between an open position and a closed position. The valve member is formed with an internal chamber which is in communication with the feed duct and is also formed with one or more nozzle orifices which provide fluid communication between the internal chamber and the combustion chamber when the valve member is in the open position. The valve member has a piston surface bounding the actuation chamber such that force acting on the valve member due to pressure in the actuation chamber urges the valve member toward its open position against the force of a spring.

Abstract: A formation of deposits on a fuel injector is suppressed by controlling the temperature of the nozzle holder of the fuel injector around the nozzle to maintain at least a part of the fuel remaining on the nozzle holder surface after the fuel injection in a liquid state, to thereby hold precursors of the deposits in the liquid fuel to permit the precursor to be blown out from the nozzle holder surface by a subsequent fuel injection flow.

Abstract: This invention includes selecting a desired pressure for fuel injection in an internal combustion engine. The selection improves control of fuel injection by keeping the fuel in the fuel rail in a liquid state and by keeping the fuel injectors in an operating region where fuel injector fuel flow is less sensitive to changes in fuel injector pulse width.

Abstract: A leak prevention device including an expandable chamber and control valve for preventing fuel leakage into the combustion chambers of a internal combustion engine equipped with a common rail fule injection system including open nozzle injectors and a shut off valve mounted in the common rail upstream of the fuel injectors to isolate, when closed, the fuel injectors from the source of fuel under pressure. The expandable chamber contains a variable volume held in its collapsed condition during engine operation and expanded upon engine shutdown sufficiently to prevent the flow of fuel from any injector into the corresponding combustion chamber.

Abstract: A fluid communication device such as a fuel rail having a bellows damper positioned either in the end of the fuel rail or orthogonal to the axis of the fuel rail for dampening pulsed pressure waves from the flowing of the fuel. The bellows is a hollow tubular member having an enclosed end with a plurality of circular hollow ribs forming the outer surface of the bellows. The damper may also be located in a pocket or may be free floating in the fuel rail. An additional spring member is added to the damper for changing the spring rate characteristic of the bellows.

Abstract: A hydraulically-actuated fuel injection system includes a manifold holding an amount of pressurized actuation fluid therein. A plurality of hydraulically-actuated fuel injectors each has an injector body that defines an actuation fluid cavity adjacent a piston. A plurality of branch passages each has one end connected to the manifold and a second end connected to the actuation fluid cavity of a different one of the plurality of hydraulically-actuated fuel injectors. A flow orifice valve member is positioned in each of the branch passages and is moveable between a first position that presents a relatively small flow area through the branch passage when pressure in the manifold is relatively low, and a second position that presents a relatively large flow area when pressure in the manifold is relatively high.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines, having a high-pressure pump, whose pump work chamber can be made to communicate on the intake side with a fuel tank via a supply line and on the compression side with a common rail via a high-pressure line, from which common rail a plurality of injection lines lead away to the individual injection valves, and having one pressure valve each in the supply line and the high-pressure line, by way of which a return flow of fuel out of the pump work chamber into the supply line and out of the high-pressure line into the pump work chamber is prevented. The pressure valve of the supply line and the pressure valve of the high-pressure line are disposed in a common valve combination.

Abstract: A method of controlling hydraulically actuated, electrically controlled unit fuel injectors to operate in response to the pressure of the working fluid or changes in the pressure of the working fluid is disclosed. The disclosed method comprises controlling the pressure of a high pressure working fluid which operates the fuel injector to inject the proper amount of fuel in the cylinders of an internal combustion engine and varying or adjusting the timing, duration and amplitude of a current pulse which activates the fuel injector in response to the pressure of the working fluid or changes thereto. The fuel injector is activated by energizing a stator that draws an armature to the stator and opens a first seat of the flow regulating device such as a poppet valve against a spring bias to allow the high pressure working fluid into the injector and closes a second seat to prevent the working from draining from the injector to allow the working fluid to operate the injector.

Abstract: A check valve assembly is disposed in a flow path of a high pressure hydraulic actuating system between a source of pressurized fluid and a pressure responsive mechanism to limit flow to a single direction therebetween. A valve housing defines a fluid passage therethrough with a first axis therealong. The fluid passage has an annular first seat surface normal to the axis. A fitting is fixed to the valve housing and has a post directed toward fluid flow from the source of pressurized fluid. A check valve assembly slidably translates on the post between a closed position abutting the first seat surface which restricts flow toward the pressure source, and an open position spaced from the first seat surface which permits flow toward the pressure responsive mechanism. A spring disposed between the fitting and the check biases the check to the closed position.

Abstract: A fuel injector for use in conjunction with a common rail supply system comprises a nozzle within which a valve element is slidable. The valve element includes a thrust surface to which fuel is supplied from a source of fuel at high pressure through a supply passage. The pressure controller in the form of a restrictor is located in the supplied passage so that, in use, during injection the fuel pressure applied to the thrust surface falls to a level lower than that prior to injection.

Abstract: An electronically-controlled heavy fuel oil injection system comprises a pumping chamber for pressurizing fuel and a direct-operated check for controlling fuel injection. A control fluid different from the fuel is used to operate regulating apparatus for controlling the fuel injection pressure and fuel injection timing. The regulating apparatus are isolated from the high viscosity, heavy fuel oil. Pressurization of fuel begins before the start of fuel injection. Fuel injection is initiated by exposing one end of the check to low pressure control fluid while the other end is exposed to high pressure fuel. Fuel injection is terminated by exposing the one check end to high pressure control fluid to hydraulically balance the check and allow a biasing device to close the check.

Abstract: The improved needle controlled common rail fuel system of the present invention includes split common rails serving respective sets of unit injectors. Each unit injector includes a mechanically actuated plunger reciprocally mounted to cyclically create gradual periods of increasing pressure in the common rail during the advancement stroke of the plunger followed by respective periods of decreasing pressure during the plunger's retraction stroke. The fuel injectors include a pressure control valve for controlling the amount of fuel pressurized by the plunger and a needle valve control device including an injection control valve for creating an injection event during a pumping event by controlling the fuel flow to drain so as to control the fuel pressure forces acting on an injector needle valve element. A flow limiting device is provided to limit the fuel flow from a control volume to drain during an injection event thus reducing parasitic losses while maintaining quick valve closing.

Abstract: A pressure regulation valve is disclosed which comprises a housing including first and second ports, a support for slidably supporting a tubular member defining a valve seat against which a valve element is engageable. The tubular member and valve element are spring biased into engagement with one another. In use, the application of pressurized fuel to the first port pushes the tubular member against the stop, the valve element being able to leave the valve seat in order to permit fuel flow through the valve. If the second port is at a higher pressure than the first port, the valve element moves into engagement with the valve seat, the application of a high pressure resulting in the valve element and tubular member moving until the valve element engages the support, further movement of the tubular member permitting fuel flow through the valve from the second port to the first port.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve (1; 2) for the intermittent injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is equipped with a hydraulic control device (15; 100). The opening or closing of a control bore (61; 109) is brought about by means of an electrically controlled solenoid valve (5; 6; 7), with the result that a control pressure in a control chamber (60; 114) is influenced, thus causing the opening or closing of injection ports into the combustion chamber via a control piston (30; 110) and an injection-valve member (24). The injection event is controlled additionally by controlling the movement of a solenoid-valve pilot-valve stem (70; 125) assigned to the control bore (61; 109). Means, by which the opening movement of the injection valve member (24) takes place in two successive phases, are provided.

Abstract: A fuel injection system of an engine comprises a fuel tank, a fuel pressure pump for pressurizing a fuel supplied from the fuel tank, an injector connected to the fuel pressure pump by means of a fuel pipe. The injector includes a nozzle connected to the fuel pipe by means of a fuel passage, a pressure chamber into which the pressurized fuel is introduced from the fuel passage, and a nozzle valve for opening and closing the nozzle depending on the fuel pressure in the pressure chamber. The system further comprised a fuel return passage connecting the pressure chamber and the fuel tank, and first and second solenoid valves for determining the start and termination of fuel injection through the nozzle.

Abstract: In an accumulator fuel injection device pulsating of pressure is suppressed and fluctuation of fuel injection is prevented by providing flow rate control means such as an orifice generating a flow rate regulated at a fuel passage of a diesel engine. The device supplies fuel to injectors of cylinders from a pump pressurizing the fuel to a high pressure through a common rail which can stock high pressure fuel or through a corresponding fuel passage having a large volume.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes a fuel injector having a body, a needle valve movably provided in the body and a fuel accumulator having two chambers for storing a fuel at high and low pressures. An injection chamber is formed in the injector lower body and a control chamber is formed in the injector upper body. An injection passage connects the high pressure chamber with the injection chamber and a control passage connects the low pressure chamber with the control chamber. The needle valve is lifted upon leaking of the fuel to the accumulator from the control chamber and the fuel is injected from the injection chamber upon lifting of the needle valve. The fuel is recycled to the fuel tank from the control chamber.

Abstract: The present invention is a fuel injection system having one or more fuel injectors and an electronic control system therefore. The preferred fuel injector has a double magnetic latching solenoid three-way or four-way spool valve that controls the flow of a working fluid that is used to control the discharge of fuel into the combustion chamber or intake manifold of an engine through the nozzle of the injector. The control system provides actuating current pulses to each of the solenoids to actuate and latch the solenoids to effect initiation and termination of the injection. Disclosed are control systems that provide a snap action in one or both actuating directions of the valve by electromagnetically retaining the valve in the latched condition until the force in the actuated solenoid builds to a high level, and then releasing the valve for higher acceleration to the actuated position.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve for an internal combustion engine comprises a valve body structure including a nozzle part formed with a needle passage having at least one nozzle passage at one end, a primary control chamber spaced along the needle passage from the nozzle passage, and a secondary control chamber. The primary control cheer is connected in use to a duct for supplying fuel under pressure. The nozzle part of the valve body structure has a seating surface between the nozzle passage and the primary control chamber. A needle structure is fitted slidably in the needle passage with one end of the needle structure proximate the seating surface. The needle structure has a first control surface that is exposed to pressure of fluid in the primary control chamber, a second control surface at the end of the needle structure proximate the seating surface, and a third control surface exposed to pressure of fluid in the secondary control chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines, having a fuel injection pump inserted into the housing of the engine. A pump piston, which is driven axially back and forth in a cylinder bore, with one end face defines a pump work chamber from which a short injection line leads to an injection valve, and which can be made to communicate via a feed line with a fuel-filled low-pressure chamber. A magnetic valve disposed on the fuel injection pump controls the high-pressure feeding into the injection line. In order to avert an overly rapid return flow of fluid from the injection line into the pump work chamber, a return flow throttle valve is inserted into the injection line.

Abstract: An injection nozzle for use in a common-rail system includes a nozzle body with an actuator piston. In the closed condition of the nozzle the nozzle body bears against a seat and upstream of the seat delimits a nozzle chamber communicated with the high-pressure line of the common-rail system. A working chamber of the actuator piston is communicated with the high-pressure line by way of a feed throttle means, the active surface area of the actuator piston being larger than the surface area of the nozzle body which is effective in the nozzle chamber. A return line leads from the working chamber through a return valve. An actuating means is operated by an electrical signal for actuating the valve member of the return valve. The actuating means is a means which displaces the return valve member in analog relationship with the electrical signal so that the return valve forms in the return line a throttle of variable cross-section.

Abstract: A fuel system is disclosed which comprises a fuel pump, a spill valve and an injector provided in a single unit. The injector includes a valve member biased towards a seating by a coiled compression spring. The spring is engaged between a spring abutment of the valve member and a piston. The piston is arranged such that the face thereof facing away from the spring has fuel applied thereto when the spill valve is opened in order to assist movement of the valve member into engagement with the seating.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing the fuel pressure in a fuel injection system after the internal combustion engine to be supplied has been shut off, in which a high fuel pressure built up in a high-pressure reservoir chamber (common rail) by a high-pressure feed pump, is relieved into the supply tank via control valves that control the injection event and are provided on the injection valves that communicate with the common rail. For purposes of this pressure relief, the control valves are triggered such that they connect a pressure chamber of the injection valve with the common rail or the supply tank so briefly that the pressure urging the valve member of the injection valves in the opening direction remains below an opening pressure of the injection valves, and this triggering process of the control valves is repeated until a desired pressure in the common rail is reached.

Abstract: This accumulating fuel injection apparatus is provided with a needle valve 6 adapted to open and close an injection nozzle 11 having injection ports 14 in a lower end portion thereof, a balancing chamber 5 formed in a casing 2 so as to apply a fuel pressure to a head portion of the needle valve 6, a supply passage including a slit 10 and used for supplying a fuel from a fuel supply port 19 to the balancing chamber 5, a discharge passage 20 comprising an orifice for discharging the fuel from the balancing chamber 5, and a solenoid valve 22 adapted to open and close the discharge passage 20, the lift of a valve disc 26 of the solenoid valve 22 is controlled by a lift control means comprising a stopper 28 the position of which is controlled by a lift control mechanism 23.

Abstract: An improved electronically-controlled heavy fuel oil (HFO) injection system comprises a pumping chamber for pressurizing fuel and a direct-operated check for controlling fuel injection. A control fluid different from the fuel is used to operate regulating apparatus for controlling the fuel injection pressure and fuel injection timing. The regulating apparatus isolate the HFO from sensitive mechanisms by appropriate exposure of the control fluid to flush intruding HFO from those mechanisms. Pressurization of fuel begins before the start of fuel injection. Fuel injection is initiated by exposing one end of the check to low pressure control fluid while the other end is exposed to high pressure fuel. Fuel injection is terminated by exposing the one end to high pressure control fluid to hydraulically balance the check and allow a biasing device to close the check.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve (1; 2) for the intermittent injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is equipped with a hydraulic control device (15; 100). The opening or closing of a control bore (61; 109) is brought about by means of an electrically controlled solenoid valve (5; 6; 7), with the result that a control pressure in a control chamber (60; 114) is influenced, thus causing the opening or closing of injection ports into the combustion chamber via a control piston (30; 110) and an injection-valve member (24). The injection event is controlled additionally by controlling the movement of a solenoid-valve pilot-valve stem (70; 125) assigned to the control bore (61; 109). Means, by which the opening movement of the injection valve member (24) takes place in two successive phases, are provided.

Abstract: A hydraulically actuated fuel injector includes an injector body having an actuation fluid inlet, an actuation fluid cavity, a nozzle chamber open to a nozzle outlet and a needle control chamber. A hydraulic means within the injector pressurizes fuel in the nozzle chamber. The hydraulic means includes an actuation fluid control valve having a solenoid and is moveable between a first position in which the actuation fluid inlet is open to the actuation fluid cavity and a second position in which the actuation fluid inlet is closed to the actuation fluid cavity. A needle valve member is positioned to reciprocate in the nozzle chamber between an open position in which the nozzle outlet is open and a closed position in which the nozzle outlet is closed. The needle valve member includes a closing hydraulic surface exposed to pressure in the needle control chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump having a pump rotor with a pump body and distributor rotor in coaxial alignment, the pump body having a pumping chamber with one or more diametral pumping plunger bores with opposed pumping plungers; a cam ring surrounding the pump body for reciprocating the pumping plungers for supplying intake charges of fuel to the pumping chamber and delivering high pressure charges of fuel for fuel injection; a spill valve having a coaxial valve bore in the pump body intersecting the diametral pumping plunger bore(s), a spill valve member having a pair of diametrically opposed spill ports with transverse leading edges, a self-centering actuator shoe mounted within a diametral slot in the spill valve member for engagement by radial actuating rods for translating inward radial movement of the actuating rods into axial movement of the spill valve member to its open position for spill termination of each fuel injection event in fixed synchronism with the pumping plungers; and a transverse connector bore

Abstract: Fuel delivery to an engine from a cyclically pressurizable, electronically controlled accumulator-type fuel injector is controlled by "wasting" at least a portion of the pressurization stroke of the engine's high pressure pump so that a designated portion of the pressurization stroke of the pump does not result in accumulator cavity pressurization. Metering is effected simply by extending the period that the system's existing solenoid vent valve is open into a portion of the succeeding pressurization stroke of the pump so that a portion of the pumped fuel flows directly to vent. Additional electrical load on the engine can be minimized by using a latching type solenoid valve as the vent valve. The metering scheme 1) is more precise than metering schemes heretofore available for injectors of the disclosed type, 2) does not adversely effect injection timing or other injection parameters, 3) and requires no additional hardware.

Abstract: A hydraulically-actuated fuel injector includes an injector body having a nozzle chamber, a nozzle outlet, an actuation fluid inlet, an actuation fluid drain, an actuation fluid cavity and a pressure relief passage extending between the actuation fluid cavity and the actuation fluid drain. A hydraulic means, including an actuation fluid control valve mounted within the injector body, is used for pressurizing fuel in the nozzle chamber. A needle valve member is mounted to reciprocate in the nozzle chamber between an open position in which the nozzle outlet is open and a closed position in which the nozzle outlet is closed. A relief valve is mounted within the injector body and has a first position in which the pressure relief passage is closed and a second position in which the pressure relief passage is open.

Abstract: A fuel injection device includes an injection hole for injecting fuel therethrough, a needle movable between a first position to open the injection hole and a second position to close the injection hole, and a back-pressure chamber. The fuel injection device further includes a two-way solenoid valve for opening and closing a flow passage between the back-pressure chamber and a drain side so as to change a pressure in the back-pressure chamber. The needle is movable between the first and second positions depending on the pressure in the back-pressure chamber. A first flow restrictor and a second flow restrictor are provided in a flow passage, which introduces high-pressure fuel into the back-pressure chamber, so as to restrict a flow of the high-pressure fuel passing therethrough. The first and second flow restrictors may be arranged in series to each other.

Abstract: A hydraulically actuated fuel injector includes an injector body having at least one actuation fluid inlet, a needle control chamber, a nozzle chamber, and a nozzle outlet that opens to the nozzle chamber. A hydraulic means within the injector pressurizes fuel in the nozzle chamber. The hydraulic means includes an actuation fluid control valve having a first solenoid and is moveable between an open position in which the actuation fluid inlet is open and a closed position in which the actuation fluid inlet is closed. A needle valve member is positioned to reciprocate in the nozzle chamber between an open position in which the nozzle outlet is open and a closed position in which the nozzle outlet is closed. A needle valve member includes a closing hydraulic surface exposed to pressure in the needle control chamber.

Abstract: A two part pressure unloading delivery valve for a fuel injection pump comprises an annular valve member within which is slidable a plunger. The valve member is biased into engagement with a valve seat by means of a spring and is lifted from the seat by fuel under pressure supplied by the pump. The spring biases the plunger in the direction away from the seat and following closure of the valve member the plunger is moved in the direction towards the seat to allow relief of fuel under pressure from the pipeline connecting the valve with a fuel injection nozzle. After a predetermined movement of the plunger against the spring, damping means in part defined by a piston on the plunger, acts to damp the further movement of the plunger.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a fuel injection apparatus includes a casing having a control pressure chamber for storing fuel supplied from fuel passage, a needle valve to which fuel stored in the control pressure chamber applies pressure in the valve closing direction, a valve device for interrupting communication between the fuel passage and the control pressure chamber to seal fuel in said control pressure chamber, and volume changing device for expanding volume of the control pressure chamber after fuel is sealed in the control pressure chamber by the valve device. According to the above fuel injection device, pressure in the control pressure chamber is reduced while the fuel is stored therein by the volume changing device, the nozzle needle is lifted, and injection is started. For this reason, it is not necessary to supply surplus fuel in addition to the injection fuel during the fuel injection.

Abstract: A metering valve has a valve body with a control chamber, a pressurized f supply conduit and a fuel drain conduit. A control rod of a shutter includes an element for hydraulically affecting the fuel supply conduit and the fuel drain conduit so that fuel drainage is considerably reduced. The control rod slides in a first cylindrical portion of the control chamber. A second portion of the control chamber that is coaxial with the first portion forms an annular shoulder against which the element is arrested. The fuel supply conduit is located radially of the first portion, and the fuel drain conduit is located axially of the second portion of the control chamber.

Abstract: A common-rail fuel injection system for an engine includes a fuel injector having a nozzle hole. A common rail stores high-pressure fuel. The common rail is connected to the fuel injector to feed the high-pressure fuel thereto. A movable nozzle needle disposed in the fuel injector blocks and unblocks the nozzle hole in accordance with movement thereof. A back pressure control chamber defined in the fuel injector is connected to the common rail to receive the high-pressure fuel therefrom. The nozzle needle is urged in a direction of blocking the nozzle hole in response to a pressure in the back pressure control chamber. A fuel chamber defined in the fuel injector is connected to the common rail to receive the high-pressure fuel therefrom. The nozzle needle is urged in a direction of unblocking the nozzle hole in response to a pressure in the fuel chamber. A fuel-pressure-responsive 2-way valve controls the pressure in the back pressure control chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes a vane-type fuel pump. The fuel pump has a first bypass passage with a first pressure relief valve for relieving pressurized fuel from a discharge passage downstream of a check valve to the discharge passage upstream of the check valve so that excess pressure in the discharge passage downstream of the check valve can be relieved to the discharge pressure upstream of the check valve. Therefore, fuel leakage through a fuel injection valve can be prevented for avoiding possibility of formation of overrich mixture even upon hot start condition.

Abstract: A fuel system for an internal combustion engine comprises a plurality of pump/injectors each of which comprises a housing within which is provided a plunger-type fuel pump, a spill valve, an injector and a non-return valve. The pump is arranged to supply fuel at high pressure to the injector and to a port of the spill valve. The other port of the spill valve is connected to a source of fuel through a non-return valve, and also to the spring chamber of the injector through the non-return valve. The spring chamber communicates through a restrictor with a common passage the pressure within which is controlled by a valve.

Abstract: A pressure storage (common rail) fuel injection system for an engine is provided, in which the fuel injection pressure rise response when quickly accelerating the engine is improved, engine output shortage is prevented, engine noise is reduced, and improvement is made with respect to soot generation and exhaust gas particulation. A booster is provided to boost pressurized fuel fed out from a pressure storage with a directional control valve for piston operation. Low pressure fuel injection in which fuel from the pressure storage is fed directly to fuel injection valve for injection, and high pressure fuel injection in which fuel having been boosted by the booster is fed to the fuel injection valve for injection, are switched one over to the other by a directional control valve for fuel injection control.

Abstract: A fuel rail for the distribution of fuel to a plurality of fuel injectors is disclosed. The fuel rail includes a longitudinal conduit having injector sockets disposed at spaced intervals and a fuel inlet. Fuel is distributed through the conduit to the various injector sockets for delivery, through associated electromagnetic fuel injectors, to the intake system of an internal combustion engine. A compliant damper is disposed in the fuel conduit and is operable to lower peak pressure pulsations initiated by the firing of the fuel injectors. The fuel damper is supported within the conduit by a keyed damper support which engages the damper. The damper support is keyed with the conduit so as to position the damper axially and rotationally within the conduit to prevent interference with fuel flow to the injector sockets.

Abstract: A fuel injector which, under the control of the engine ECM, may control the shape of the fuel injection event profile. Such control is achieved by varying the magnitude of a control current applied to the injector. The control current in turn varies the bias force applied to a needle valve in the injector nozzle, thereby changing the shape of the injection event profile in proportion to the amount of control current applied. In a preferred embodiment, control of the bias force is achieved by placing a piezoelectric actuator between the needle valve and a bias spring. The length of the piezoelectric actuator changes in proportion to the amount of control current applied thereto, thereby changing the bias force applied to the needle valve. The profile is preferably altered in relation to engine speed.

Abstract: A no-return fuel system for an automotive engine with fuel injectors. The system has an electric fuel pump received in a fuel tank and supplying fuel at a substantially constant pressure to a demand regulator which delivers fuel to the fuel injectors under varying engine operating conditions. The fuel is delivered to the demand regulator at a substantially constant pressure by varying the speed of the fuel pump in response to changing fuel demand of the engine and/or by by-passing some of the fuel supplied by the pump through a by-pass regulator or relief valve. The demand regulator has a housing with a flexible diaphragm between first and second chambers. The admission of fuel to the first chamber is controlled by a valve associated with the diaphragm and fuel from this chamber is supplied to the engine injectors.

Abstract: A damper element for damping compressive oscillations in the fuel circulation circuit of an internal combustion engine is situated directly in the fuel distributor. The damper element includes one or more gas-filled chambers and is manufactured from a resilient material. A bubble-type flexible cord can be used as a damper element. Because of its very simple structure and small mass, the damper element can be integrated in the fuel distributor so that no additional space is required. The damping of the compressive oscillations induced by the switching pulses of the injection valves takes place in the immediate vicinity of each individual injection valve.

Abstract: A high pressure fuel system includes a combination bypass and safety pressure release valve across the high pressure fuel pump. The combination valve allows the feed pump to directly provide fuel to the system before the high pressure pump reaches full output pressure. The valve also releases overpressure in the system when the high pressure pump is deadheaded. The combination valve includes a check ball which allows fuel to flow from its input to its output when the pressure is greater at its input than at its output.

Abstract: A fuel pulsation dampener for reducing and dampening fuel pressure pulsations and for checking excessive back flow or siphoning of fuel on both the supply side and return side of the fuel lines in order to maintain fuel levels within the fuel injectors of an internal combustion engine during the starting and stopping of the engine. The fuel pulsation dampener provides a housing having a first and second enclosed chambers that remain in communication with one another via a passageway. The first chamber provides a first inlet and a first outlet wherein the first inlet communicates pressurized fuel into the first chamber. The first outlet has at least one port for communicating fuel in the first chamber downstream of the first chamber to the fuel injectors of the engine. The second chamber provides a second outlet and a second inlet wherein the second inlet communicates fuel into the second chamber from upstream of the second chamber.

Abstract: An injection system provides an intermittent supply of fuel mixture into combustion spaces of an internal-combustion engine. The system includes a valve and a pipe by way of which a control space in the injection valves may alternatively be acted upon by a pressure. The control space is formed by a valve member and a piston. A first pressure spring presses the valve member onto an injection opening, and a second pressure spring presses the piston away from the injection opening.

Abstract: A high-pressure electromagnetic fuel injector having a dual-function valve directly controlled by an electric solenoid. Fuel pressure in a control volume chamber is controlled by the dual-function valve, and a separate control valve is controlled as a function of fuel pressure in the control volume chamber. A spray tip valve is, in turn, controlled as a function of the pressure of fuel controlled by the control valve to inject fuel through a spray tip orifice. The dual-function valve spills fuel during and after the control valve closes, thus reducing the amount of uncontrolled fuel at the end of an injection. The dual-function valve also provides a drain path through which to vent any fuel that leaks past the control valve.

Abstract: A pump/injector includes a high pressure pump which delivers fuel to an inwardly opening fuel injection nozzle. Also provided is a spill valve which is connected to the pumping chamber of the pump and through which the pumping chamber is filled with fuel from a source by way of a first non-return valve. Connected intermediate the spill valve and the non-return valve is a branch passage to the spring chamber of the nozzle and the pressure in the spring chamber when the spill valve is opened to terminate delivery of fuel is controlled by a valve.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pressure regulator and dampener assembly which can regulate the liquid pressure and, at the same time, absorb liquid pressure pulse waves in a liquid system. The pressure regulator and dampener assembly comprises a housing and diaphragm means dividing the housing into a control chamber, a liquid chamber adjacent to the control chamber and a dampening chamber adjacent to the liquid chamber. An inlet and an outlet are used by which liquid enters and exits the liquid chamber. A valve means is mounted on the diaphragm means for controlling liquid exiting the liquid chamber. The assembly further comprises an adjusting means for controlling the valve means to move between a closed position and an open position.