Abstract: In a fuel injection system for a multicylinder internal combustion engine, particularly a V8 engine, including a high pressure fuel pump supplying high pressure fuel to a high pressure fuel supply duct serving as a high pressure fuel storage (common rail) from which high pressure fuel distribution lines extend to magnetic valve-controlled fuel injectors associated with the various cylinders of the engine, the distribution lines have an inner diameter of at least 2.99 mm and a length of less than 122 mm with an inner diameter to length ratio of between 1:36 and about 1:41 to reduce pressure oscillations in the fuel system.

Abstract: A jumper tube with improved misalignment capability comprising a cylindrically shaped receiver portion having a central bore that receives an electronically controlled hydraulically actuated unit fuel injector, an annular groove disposed adjacent each end of the bore, a resilient seal ring disposed in each annular groove, forming a seal between the injector and the bore and providing three degrees of freedom between the injector and bore, a tubular portion having an elongated passage in fluid communication with the bore and a conduit in fluid communication with an actuating fluid manifold and the elongated passage and a bolt extending through the tubular portion, the conduit portion and a portion of the actuating fluid manifold removably attaching the jumper tube to a head of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A plug-in pump is provided for an internal combustion engine having a receiving bore in the cylinder block to accommodate the plug-in pump. The plug-in pump includes a pump plunger and a spring-loaded roller tappet driven by a cam of a camshaft. The longitudinal axis of the plug-in pump lies transversely in relation to the camshaft axis and at a distance from it, so that the longitudinal axis of the plug-in pump, seen in the direction of turn of the camshaft, lies in front of the camshaft axis.

Abstract: A cylinder screw is fitted around an injector axially movably between a tapered surface and a flange. The cylinder screw presses down the flange in a direction to attach the injector to a cylinder head and presses up the tapered surface in a direction to detach the injector from the cylinder head. A stopper is formed annularly at the top of the injector and has a protrusion. With the protrusion being engaged in a positioning groove of the cylinder head, the injector is restricted from being turned in both rotating directions. Thus, the injector can be attached to and detached from the cylinder head with ease by only one cylinder screw without turning the injector. The flange of a retaining nut to which the tightening force of the cylinder screw exerts has a shortened axial length so that deformation in injector constituting members is reduced and changes in the fuel injection characteristics are reduced.

Abstract: A fuel distributor pipe for supplying fuel to two cylinder banks of a V-shaped engine comprises main pipes of metal construction which are respectively fixed substantially horizontally with respect to the cylinder banks, and a sub-pipe of metal construction which connects the main pipes. The sub-pipe comprises three curved portions in a vertical plane comprising two convex portions and one concave portion situated therebetween. When there is an error in the vertical direction of the position of connecting parts between the sub-pipe and main pipes, these curved portions disperse the stress due to the error, and concentration of stress in the connecting parts is avoided.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes a substantial integration of various components, the fuel injection system including at least one fuel injector and at least one intake manifold, as well as a fuel supply channel, which are all surrounded by a plastic sheathing. The full integration of the fuel injectors into an induction pipe component made of plastic leads to the reduction or elimination of both electrical and hydraulic interfaces. Thus, only a compact component remains that is very simple to attach to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine. Means for electrically contacting the fuel injectors (1), such as connector sockets, are also fully integrated in the plastic sheathing. This fuel injection system is especially suited for use in mixture-compressing internal combustion engines having externally supplied ignition.

Abstract: A cylinder head cover to be positioned on a cylinder head of an internal-combustion engine includes first and second separate cover parts fitting together along a longitudinally extending parting joint. The first and second cover parts have complemental portions for surrounding a fuel supply line leading into the cylinder head. Securing devices releasably attach the first and second cover parts to one another and to the cylinder head. A seal is provided between the first and second cover parts for sealing them to one another and for providing that the complemental portions of the first and second cover parts sealingly surround the fuel supply line.

Abstract: A fluid communication device such as a fuel rail having a bellows damper positioned either in the end of the fuel rail or orthogonal to the axis of the fuel rail for dampening pulsed pressure waves from the flowing of the fuel. The bellows is a hollow tubular member having an enclosed end with a plurality of circular hollow ribs forming the outer surface of the bellows. The damper may also be located in a pocket or may be free floating in the fuel rail. An additional spring member is added to the damper for changing the spring rate characteristic of the bellows.

Abstract: The structure has a number of sleeves fitted about the conduits of a supply circuit supplying fuel to the injectors of an engine. Each sleeve is tubular, and has a bellows type main body, two opposite end portions, and an outlet fitting extending from one of the end portions. The sleeves are fitted to the conduits by fitting the end portions in fluidtight manner to fittings at opposite ends of the conduits. The outlet fitting of each sleeve is then connected to a catch header by a respective connecting line, which connects the inner cavity of the main body to the catch header to enable any fuel leakage from the conduits to flow into the catch header.

Abstract: A multicylinder internal combustion engine has an intake manifold with one or more auxiliary fluid distribution networks for directing byproduct fluids to each cylinder to insure balanced flow. The byproduct fluids include crankcase vapors and fuel vapors from an adsorption canister, and recirculated exhaust gas. The crankcase and purge vapors are mixed in a common network of flow passages formed by grooves formed into the face of an intake manifold mounting flange, with the exhaust gas in a separate sealed network of grooves. Assist air flow to the injector ports is directed through yet another network of grooves in the flange face.

Abstract: To provide a uniform temperature level for fuel supplied to individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine, a fuel-carrying passage is formed in a cylinder head and an insert formed with outflow orifices and supports extending along its outer surface is mounted in the passage. Because the insert acts as a countercurrent heat exchanger, and as a result of intermixing of fuel streams emerging through the outflow orifices, a uniform temperature of the fuel supplied through transverse lines to the fuel injectors is obtained.

Abstract: A fuel system is provided for supplying a second fuel different from a first supplied fuel substantially simultaneously to a plurality of injectors. In one form, an inner tube within an outer housing has a plurality of openings spaced from inlets to the fuel injectors for supplying the second fuel substantially simultaneously to each of the injectors, the number of outlets being less than the number of inlets. In a second form, the inner tube within the housing has a plurality of differently sized orifices increasing in size with increasing distance relative to the fuel inlet to the inner tube for supplying fuel substantially simultaneously to fuel injectors in registration with the orifices. In a further form, multiple inner tubes are used.

Abstract: A fuel distributor pipe (1) which can be subjected to a high internal pressure loading includes at least one connecting arrangement (12) serving for releasably connecting a branch pipe (3) and having a connecting bore (5) which extends radially through the wall of the distributor pipe and which has an inner portion (8) and an adjoining, outer portion (9) which enlarges in a hollow-conical configuration, a screwthreaded socket (12) which is connected to the distributor pipe and whose internal bore (15) extending therethrough continues the connecting bore and serves to receive the branch pipe, and a pressing element (22) having a pressure surface (23) which, when the pressing element is screwed on to a counter-pressure surface (24) provided on a thickened portion (25) of the branch pipe, exerts a force by which a counter-sealing surface (16) of the branch pipe is pressed against the conical wall (18) of the outer portion of the connecting bore.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine intake manifold with molded-in wiring and tubing. The manifold is intended to reduce assembly time and cost, increase reliability by eliminating as much as possible all external wiring and tubing that service sensors and controllers. All sensors, controllers and fuel injectors are installed using molded-in threaded fastener sockets.

Abstract: A fuel delivery system for delivering fuel to an engine comprises a pipe having a fuel passage and a plurality of fuel injector mounting holes each communicating with the fuel passage, a plurality of fuel injectors each mounted on each fuel injector mounting hole, and a fixing portion having a weak portion for fixing the pipe to the engine. Each fuel injector mounted on the pipe is positioned in a predetermined positional relation with respect to the engine when the pipe is fixed to the engine at the fixing portion.

Abstract: An improved fuel supply system for a watercraft engine eases the setting of fuel supply pressure in each of the carburetors of the engine. The fuel supply system includes a fuel supply line which supplies fuel to a plurality of feed branches of the fuel circuit which are arranged in parallel. Each branch communicates with one of the carburetors. The branches have equal lengths such that the flow resistance within each branch is generally the same between the branches. The fuel supply system also includes a fuel return line which communicates with a plurality of return branches of the fuel circuit. The return branches are arranged in parallel, with each return branch communicating with one of the carburetors. The return branches also have equal lengths and are arranged to have like flow resistances. This structure of the fuel circuit between the carburetors tends to isolate the carburetors from one another such that the fuel pressure in one carburetor does not affect the fuel pressure in the other carburetors.

Abstract: A fuel rail and injector assembly include a fuel delivery rail having an injector cup and a fuel injector having a mounting end mountable in the injector cup. The injector cup includes a receiving section having a necked down portion and a retaining portion, integral with the injector cup. The fuel injector mounting end includes an integral engaging section urgeable through the necked down portion and receivable in the retaining portion for snap fastening together the fuel injector and the fuel rail injector cup.

Abstract: A pair of intake valves 13 and a pair of exhaust valves 14 are arranged in a cylinder head 10, and a fuel injection nozzle 23 with a narrow diameter is mounted in a narrow space 401 between them. A fuel supply port 234 is provided near to the nozzle's fuel injection orifice 232, and with the nozzle 23 mounted, the nozzle's fuel supply port 234 is positioned within the narrow space 401. A fuel supply pipe 26, connected to the fuel supply port 234, has a first part portion 261 extending between valve lifter casings 11 and 12, another portion 262 leading from the vicinity of a cylinder head 10 to the camshafts 20 and 21, a curved portion 263 extending over an exhaust-side camshaft 21, and another portion 264 supported by a grommet 27 on the cylinder head 10.

Abstract: In a fuel supply arrangement for plug-in fuel pumps disposed in reception cavities in the cylinder housing of in-line cylinders of an internal combustion engine, a main fuel supply passage extends through the cylinder housing adjacent the reception cavities for the plug-in pumps and branch-off passages extend from the main fuel passage in alignment with respective fuel passages in the plug-in pump, and sleeves are disposed in the fuel passages of the plug-in pumps and received in the branch passages formed in the cylinder housing for engaging and properly positioning the plug-in pumps with respect to the cylinder housing.

Abstract: A fuel injection rate shaping control system is provided which effectively controls the flow rate of fuel injected into the combustion chamber of an engine to improve combustion and reduce emissions by controlling the rate of pressure increase during injection. The injection rate shaping control system includes a rate shaping control device including a rate shaping transfer passage having a predetermined length and diameter specifically designed to create a desired injection pressure rate shape. In other embodiments of the present invention, two or more rate shaping transfer passages capable of producing distinct rate shapes are packaged in various fuel injection systems to selectively provide various rate shapes depending on operating conditions. Switching valves, i.e., solenoid operated three-way valves, may be used to direct the fuel or timing fluid flow to any one of the rate shaping transfer passages.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines, with a high pressure connection, which feeds laterally into a valve retaining body inserted into the engine housing, which connection is constituted by a pressure pipe connector which is inserted into a through bore in the housing. The pressure pipe connector is connected to a pressure line by means of a male pipe fitting and is axially braced by this fitting against a seat on the circumference face of the valve retaining body. In order to limit the clamping forces of the high pressure connection introduced radially onto the valve retaining body, a region is provided between the force introduction onto the pressure pipe connector and its contact with the valve retaining body, which region plastically deforms from a particular clamping force onward.

Abstract: A fuel-injection system for an internal combustion engine and in particular, for a diesel motor has at least one injection element for each combustion cylinder controlled from a control device, which injection element has an injection opening extending into the cylinder and closable by same, and a pressure chamber arranged in front of said injection opening, which pressure chamber is connected to a high-pressure part supplied by a fuel pump in dependency on the motor speed, load and load change. The injection amount of the fuel into the combustion cylinder can be supplied by means of a metering device preferably connected in front of the fuel pump and operable by the control device. The metering device has a 2/2-way valve connected in front of the fuel pump designed as a radial piston pump, which 2/2-way valve opens or rather closes during suction in order to achieve the desired fuel injection amount in dependency on the position of the pump piston of the fuel pump.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for integrally molding an assembly, having parts in a die lock situation, in a single molding step. The molding process of the present invention has the steps of providing a composite component with a predefined contour, molding a core fuel rail integrated with the composite component, connecting the core fuel rail to a main core structure, overmolding the combined core fuel rail and main core structure to form a finished assembly, removing and melting out the combined core fuel rail and main core structure and extracting the composite component to provide the finished assembly with a substantially accurate finish. The present invention also relates to a manifold with integrally formed core fuel rails. The core fuel rails and injector pockets are molded together with the main manifold body in a single step although the injector pockets are in a die lock situation relative to the main manifold body.

Abstract: A fuel injection device for internal combustion engines with a high-pressure fuel pump which pumps fuel out of a low-pressure space into a high-pressure collecting space which is connected by high-pressure lines to injection valves projecting into the combustion space of the internal combustion engines to be supplied, wherein the high-pressure collecting space is formed by a distributor rail resistant to high pressures which is integrated into the wall of a cylinder-head cover arranged on the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A fuel supply manifold in a returnless fuel system for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine has a fuel rail with a first end having a first opening and a second end having a second opening. A one piece end plug, which fits into the first opening to provide closure thereof, has a fuel hose connector with a fuel inlet therethrough to pass fuel to the fuel rail and a fuel temperature sensor in close proximity to the fuel inlet. The one piece end plug also has an electrical connector casing for receiving an electrical connector to conduct the fuel temperature signal to a remote location for processing. A flange on the end plug attaches to the fuel rail with a pair of bolts, and a core with O-rings thereon extends from the flange for locating and sealing the end plug to the fuel rail. The second end is capped so that fuel may not flow therethrough.

Abstract: A fuel-line tube formed wholly of plastic has ends provided with fittings connecting it to the engine and tank and capable of resisting disconnection from the tube and tank when stressed at less than a predetermined pullout force. This tube has an outside diameter of less than 15 mm and is formed with a corrugated crash-resistant section of a predetermined length which is a maximum of 50% of a precorrugated length and capable of elongation in response to a crash with a tensile force smaller than the pullout force.

Abstract: A quick connector assembly has a male fitting and a female fitting. The female fitting includes a conduit having a brazed eyelet which couples with a projection member including O rings on the male fitting to seal the male fitting with the female fitting. The female fitting includes a bracket placed at the other end of the conduit to secure the female fitting in place with respect to the male fitting. The fittings are able to enable axial and rotational movement with respect to one another.

Abstract: In a fuel line arrangement in the cylinder housing of an internal combustion engine with cylinders arranged in line and upstanding mounting structures with support bores for the reception of plug-in fuel injection pumps formed on the sides of the cylinders a fuel return passage extends through the cylinder housing so as to intersect all the fuel pump support bores, a fuel supply passage extends through the cylinder housing parallel to the fuel return passage and oblique passages extend between the fuel supply passages and the respective fuel pump support bores for supplying fuel to the plug-in pumps within the fuel pump support bores, the oblique passages being arranged such that their outward extensions are within the confines of the fuel pump support bore top opening to facilitate drilling of the oblique bores.

Abstract: In a cylinder head for a fuel injected internal combustion engine in which a nozzle holder with a fuel injection nozzle is mounted and engaged by a pressure tube disposed in a cylindrical recess, the pressure tube is axially forced into firm engagement with the nozzle holder by a hollow compression screw through which the pressure tube extends so that its free end projects outwardly and an injection pipe is mounted onto the free end of the pressure tube by means of a union nut for sealing the injection pipe to the pressure tube.

Abstract: Two embodiments of motor vehicles powered by two cycle crankcase compression internal combustion engines having air fuel injectors. The air fuel injectors are mounted in the cylinder head but are disposed in such a position so that the fuel injector portion of the fuel air injector extends toward the high side of the hood to permit accessibility without sacrificing the use of a low hood line.

Abstract: A gaseous fuel delivery system for an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder with fuel intake and exhaust gas ports and an ignition system and having a controlled air intake system for each of the cylinders of the engine which includes a source of gaseous fuel, a fuel plenum having at least one fuel atomizer nozzle for each cylinder of the engine, where each nozzle is in communication with the air intake system proximate the intake port in each cylinder, a fuel flow rate control device connected between the source of gaseous fuel and the fuel plenum which contains an electronic control unit having a plurality of optimum fuel/air mixture variables as inputs and a modulated pulse width output connected to a linear d.c. motor, the shaft stroke of which controls the operation of a fuel valve for regulating the flow of fuel from the gaseous source to the fuel plenum.

Abstract: The manifold supplies fuel under pressure to a series of fuel metering and atomizing valves, and comprises a first tubular body provided with a series of connections for the valves; a second tubular bodyarranged approximately coaxially inside the first tubular body to define between these bodies a channelfor supplying the fuel to the connections; a first member arranged so as to close off a first axial end of the first tubular body; and a second member arranged so as to close off a second axial end of the first tubular body. The chief characteristic of the manifold lies in the fact that the second member comprises a wall which closes off said first tubular body and that this wall is made in one piece with the first tubular body.

Abstract: A high pressure fuel hose for disposition between a fluid connector on a fuel pump canister in a fuel reservoir and a fluid connector through the reservoir wall. The fuel hose, located intermediate the fuel delivery system and a check valve at the fuel pump, has a flexible tubular body characterized by a plurality of annular sinusoidal convolutions well suited for accepting volumetric and pressure increases in the fuel trapped between the check valve and the fuel delivery system caused by temperature loading of the fuel following engine shut-down. A region of reduced wall thickness is formed in the tubular body to act as a pressure fuse having a predetermined burst pressure allowing system leakage due to overpressurization to be location controlled.

Abstract: The fuel pressure regulator is disposed in an off-engine mounting that is fastened to a wall of the engine compartment. The mounting is a body of synthetic material having a socket within which the fuel pressure regulator is disposed. Nipples for fluid-connecting flexible fuel conduits to the body are integral formations of the body. Protective walls that are also integral formations of the body circumferentially surround the nipples. Levers are pivotally connected with the protective walls, and when operated to force-applying positions, they pinch the sides of the conduits against the nipples.

Abstract: A high-pressure fuel injection tube for a diesel engine, comprising: a tube body having connecting heads at its two end portions; fastening nuts assembled at the backs of the connecting heads; a pair of separate outer tubes so fitted on the outer circumference of the tube body as to be spaced from each other at a gap between the opposed end faces thereof and to move in the axial direction; seal ring members so fitted on the outer circumferences of the outer tubes in the vicinity of the outer end portions of the outer tubes as to engage with the fastening nuts respectively; and a relatively short joint cylinder fitted on the outer circumferences of the outer tubes across the inner end portions of the outer tubes. Further comprised is a seal ring member which is fitted between at least one fitted end portion of the joint cylinder and the outer circumference of the faced one of the outer tubes.

Abstract: A fuel distributor which has a valve acceptance opening for fuel injection valves which are in connection with a main flow conduit. The fuel distributor is easily manufactured from a profiled semi-finished product and has a fuel volume, free of vapor bubbles, located around the fuel injection valve. During a hot start of the internal combustion engine, this fuel volume permits fuel which is free from bubbles and permits a good ignitability to be sprayed through the fuel injection valves. The fuel distributor according to the invention is particularly suitable for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing spark-ignition internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A respective fuel injector is provided for each cylinder in a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine. Each fuel injector is located in a respective cylinder head. There are a plurality of fuel passages for each cylinder head. Each fuel passage into the cylinder head is in two sections. One section extends from the space for receiving the fuel injector diagonally with respect to the longitudinal direction of the engine and opens on the transverse surface of the cylinder head and is sealed there. Another passage section extends at an angle to the first passage section and then intersects the lateral side surface of the cylinder head. The two passage sections each comprise a bore in the cylinder head. A wall inside the cylinder head extends between and separates two spaces for receiving inlet valves to the injector and two spaces for receiving exhaust valves from the injector. That wall extends on one side along an air intake port into the cylinder head.

Abstract: A respective fuel injector for each cylinder in a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine. The fuel injectors being supplied with fuel via passages in the cylinder heads of the engine. The passages all open on one side of the engine. On the one side of the engine there is a longitudinal fuel molding with longitudinal channels passing through the molding and ports from each channel communicating with the respective passages in the cylinder heads. The molding is secured to the cylinder heads of the engine. The fuel molding allows simple pipe laying and a protected position for the pipes, and it also reduces the risk of leakage.

Abstract: An improved actuating fluid inlet manifold for a plurality of hydraulically-actuated fuel injectors. The manifold includes fluid dynamic tuning apparatus for controlling the flow of relatively high pressure actuating fluid between the common rail passage of the manifold and the injectors. The fluid dynamic tuning apparatus includes a predetermined flow restriction defined in each of the rail branch passages of the manifold. Advantages of the fluid dynamic tuning apparatus include improved injector performance and/or a reduction in structural stresses of various engine components.

Abstract: A known fuel distributor, which has continuous valve receptacle openings for fuel injection valves. The fuel distributor prevents vapor bubbles that cause difficulties in engine starting to form. The novel fuel distributor has a fuel supply line split by a partition into a first conduit and a second conduit; the second conduit serves as a reservoir and communicates both with the first conduit, through a through opening, and with the various valve receptacle openings. In the fuel reservoir, fuel free of vapor bubbles can collect after the shutoff of the hot engine; upon hot starting of the engine, this makes it possible to inject fuel that is free of vapor bubbles and is readily ignitable through the fuel injection valves. The fuel distributor according to the invention is especially well-suited for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing internal combustion engines with externally supplied ignition.

Abstract: A multiway connector comprising a support part and a cover part including plugs. The plugs with the first electrically conducting contact elements and electrical conductors are arranged on the support part. The two-part construction of the multiway connector permits a problem-free mounting of the electrical conductors in the vicinity of a support part front face, for example, in guide grooves of the support part. The construction of the multiway connector is particularly suitable for the joint electrical contacting of electrically operable fuel injection valves.

Abstract: A fuel distributor for supplying fuel to a plurality of fuel injection valves of the top feed type, in which the inlet and the return necks are disposed on one end of the fuel distributor, so that mounting of the fuel distributor is simplified and the space required is reduced. A connection cap having a return neck is disposed on the distributor housing, and a central pressure regulator is disposed on its face end on a second end. The pressure regulator and the return neck of the connection cap communicate with one another through a central return line extending within the distributor housing. The fuel distributor is especially suitable for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing internal combustion engines externally supplied with ignition, for supplying fuel to a plurality of fuel injection valves.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines having a plurality of fuel injection valves of the top-feed type and a fuel distributor, which has a distributor duct formed in a plastic housing and connecting branches, each of which accepts an end-face supply connection of an injection valve. For simplified manufacture and assembly and in order to secure the injection valves against radial twist, electrical plug jacks are integrated in the plastic housing of the fuel distributor to accept corresponding electrical plug elements of the injection valves. Two of the plug jacks are associated in each case with one of the connecting branches in such a way that when the injection valve is pushed into the connecting branch the plug elements simultaneously penetrate into the associated plug jacks.

Abstract: An injection molded fuel injection rail for an automotive engine. The fuel rail is designed to supply fuel to a plurality of electromagnetic fuel injectors oriented at acute angles relative to vertical. The socket inlet apertures through which fuel is fed from the rail interior into the respective fuel injector sockets are located in the bottom of the rail. This prevents the ingestion of vapor, which is normally present in the upper portion of the rail, into the injectors. In order to maintain both sides of these socket inlet apertures at substantially the same level the tilted injector sockets are provided with an occlusive lip along the high side of each inlet aperture. Additionally, the tilted socket axes may be offset laterally downward from the longitidinal rail axis. A plug type fitment is used to close the barrel core pin opening at one end of the rail.

Abstract: A fuel injection delivery system for a V type engine having fuel injection nozzles for each cylinder bank and fuel rails for each bank of cylinders. Each fuel rail has a delivery path for supplying fuel under pressure to the injection nozzles and a return path for returning excess fuel to the fuel tank. The fuel is delivered to the delivery paths at one end of the fuel rails and is returned from the return paths at one end of the fuel rails. Series and parallel flow arrangements are disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for atomizing a gasoline-alcohol blend of automotive fuel and supplying a supplemental amount of vaporized fuel to the intake ports of an engine during cold weather start-up. Also a method of making the same. The apparatus comprises a tubular member having a plurality of configured atomizing orifices. It is positioned inside an engine air intake manifold with its orifice facing away from the intake port side of the manifold in an upstream direction. The orifices are formed by a stamping process wherein a die deforms the tube inwardly at each orifice site and ultimately punctures the tube wall producing a "T" shaped orifice opening with burred irregular edges and contoured sides. Preferably, each of the apertures is located between a pair of intake ports. Fuel is supplied to a head end of the tubular member, such as by means of an electromagnetic fuel injector, and the tail end of the member is closed.

Abstract: An apparatus for injecting a fuel-gas mixture into the mixing lines of a mixing housing, so that a maximally homogeneous fuel-gas mixture is assured. The fuel is injected in an oriented fashion for the injection ports directly into the mixing lines in an accurate fuel distribution to the various mixing lines in a maximally homogenous mixture formation. From a central gas delivery line, the gas reaches each mixing line via a respective gas conduit. Via the mixture injection lines, the mixture is delivered to the cylinders or injection groups of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A number of fuel injectors are mounted on an elongated carrier that is inserted endwise into an open end of an elongated hole in a member such as a tube or an engine manifold. The fuel injectors' nozzles are received in sealed manner in holes extending through the wall of said member. A keeper also inserted endwise through the elongated hole in the member keeps the carrier in place. In one embodiment, electrical lead wires extend from the fuel injectors along the carrier to a connector on the exterior to provide for the fuel rail assembly to be electrically connected by a wiring harness to the engine management computer. In another, the injectors are connected to the connector by means of an electronic circuit board assembly that is mounted on the carrier. The electronic circuit board assembly contains circuitry that is programmed to secure the proper dynamic calibration of the injectors over their entire dynamic operating range.

Abstract: The end of a fuel rail hole is closed by a closure member which contains electrical terminal means having an external portion that mates with a connector from a wiring harness and an internal portion that mates with circuitry on a carrier that is disposed within the hole and contains the fuel injectors.

Abstract: A fuel distributor for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines has a distributor housing having a plurality of location holes, connected to each other by a fuel supply line, for accommodating electromagnetically actuated fuel injection valves, a hold-down firmly clamped on the distributor housing, for fixing the fuel injection valves in the location holes, and fixing means for fixing the distributor housing to the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine. For the noise decoupling of the fuel distributor from the adjacent add-on pieces, a noise-decoupling flat gasket is placed between the distributor housing and the hold-down on the one hand and the fixing means are formed by rubber-metal elements on the other hand.