Abstract: An internal combustion engine with an exhaust valve formed in the upper surface of the piston and driven by a valve stem connected to the engine crankshaft by an operating arm mounted parallel to the connecting rod and axially movable with respect thereto by means of a cam follower and rolling engagement with a cam on the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft. At least one exhaust tube is mounted in the cylinder and secured to the piston and more specifically to an exhaust chamber formed in the piston below the exhaust valve. The exhaust tube is a telescoping tube which extends from the piston to a wall of the engine block.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a cylindrical outer case(s) defining a base compression cylinder(s) with an inner cylindrical cylinder(s) defining power cylinder(s) circumferentially spaced in the engine and each housing opposing intake and exhaust pistons. Inlet ports for supplying pressurized air to the pistons included a small percentage of base compression air stored in an accumulator at a pressure that is the highest pressure in the engine. Flex tubes judiciously mounted in the piston and attached at either end to the piston and piston ring for supplying air from the accumulator to a plurality of pockets formed in the piston ring to hydrostatically support the pistons and piston rings. The pistons power a rotary cam mounted on opposing ends of the engine and a cam follower system positions the pistons for the 2-cycle operation. A four bar linkage system operatively connected to the piston rod to minimize piston side loads.

Abstract: A two cycle piston engine is described in which one or more intake poppet valves are carried in the top of the piston which driven onto a respective mating valve seat in the cylinder head by piston movement towards top dead center, a spring allowing retraction of the valve into the piston top after the poppet valve seats on its valve seat. A two valve arrangement opens one valve before the other, with air only in flowing through the first valve seat prior to opening of the other valve seat, through which fuel is injected.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder of stepped configuration having a working portion and a pumping portion and a piston of stepped configuration having a working portion and a pumping portion, the working and pumping portions respectively co-operating to define a combustion chamber and a pumping chamber each of which varies in volume upon reciprocation of the piston in the cylinder. Air is admitted to the pumping chamber through a duct from where, on volume reduction thereof, if passes via a plurality of passages and a one-way valve into a transfer chamber. On volume expansion of the combustion chamber, air in chamber is discharged therefrom via a plurality of passages, common discharge port and valve to scavenge the combustion chamber and provide combustion air. The valve may be self-acting or operated by a crankshaft controlled push-rod.

Abstract: The invention comprises an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder, a movable piston in the cylinder, a valve in the head of the piston, a push pin engaging the valve, a rocker arm pivoted at one end to the piston and engaging the push pin, and cam means to move the arm and thereby open and close the valve.

Abstract: A two stroke engine including a single piston housing, a transfer port, an inlet port in the housing, an exhaust port in the housing, a piston located in the housing, a connecting rod integral with or otherwise rigidly secured to the piston, a crankcase located adjacent to the piston, a crankshaft in the crankcase, pivotal connection means between the crankshaft and connection rod to facilitate rotation of the crankshaft in the crankcase, and electronic ignition means located within the crankcase. Preferably the crankshaft is provided with a magnet for passage by the electronic ignition means to effect firing of the engine. The ignition means is movable within the crankcase to achieve a position in advance or retard of top dead center. Preferably there is further provided a decompression valve in a top part of the piston to achieve easier starting of the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a housing having a first cylinder chamber and a second cylinder chamber, wherein the cylinder chambers are perpendicular to each other. Each cylinder chamber includes a reciprocating piston assembly having a compression piston head and a combustion piston head connected by a hollow tube. A crankshaft is rotatably connected to each piston assembly and to a power transfer assembly. The power transfer assembly transfers rotary motion of the crankshaft to an output shaft.

Abstract: Structure and method are disclosed for providing timed valving in which a nutating plate having an opening defined therethrough moves relative to at least one other nominally static plate having a complementary opening defined therethrough, the nutating plate at one portion of the nutating travel bringing the opening defined therethrough in alignment with the complementary static opening and in another portion of the nutating movement positioning such opening therethrough in a spaced, sealing relationship relative to the complementary static opening. Either the nutating or nominally static plate may be utilized in pairs such that a sandwiched relationship between one type of plate and the other exists.

Abstract: Structure and method for providing timed valving in which a nutating plate having an opening defined therethrough moves relative to at least one other nominally static plate having a complementary opening defined therethrough, the nutating plate at one portion of the nutating travel bringing the opening defined thereto in alignment with the complementary static opening and in another portion of the nutating movement positioning such opening therethrough in a spaced, sealing relationship relative to the complementary static opening. Either the nutating or nominally static plate may be utilized in pairs such that a sandwiched relationship between one type of plate and the other exists. The static and nutating plates may advantageously be biased together. Timing of the opening and closing of the valving structure may be adjusted relative to a nominal rotating shaft such as to provide opening and closing cycles of selected portions of an entire rotation.

Abstract: A gas bearing supported piston assembly (2) for an internal combustion engine including a piston body (14, 14') and a segmented piston ring (3) arranged to expand to compensate for wear. A piston supporting gas layer (27) is formed between the cylinder walls (8) and the exterior surface of each piston ring segment (32) by means of a plurality of restricted flow passages (40) formed in each segment (32) and extending between the inner and outer surfaces of the segment (32). In one embodiment, gas under pressure is supplied to the ring segments (32) through a single annular cavity (36) formed in piston body (14). In another embodiment, gas under pressure is supplied to the ring segments (32) through a plurality of corresponding holes (70) in piston body (14').

Abstract: An internal combustion apparatus is disclosed having a linear output. A metered quantity of gas fuel is transferred between a cylinder head and the disc of a plunger reciprocable in a principal chamber between top and bottom end of stroke positions. In the displacement of the plunger to its bottom end of stroke position air and fuel are intimately mixed in a one-way flow path around the disc including nonparallel and/or burred orifices in a perforate plate attached to the plunger. The fuel may be liquefied gas fuel in which case it may be vaporized by the combustion gases exhausted from the principal chamber to the surroundings through an annular exhaust zone coaxial of throttle passageways for carrying fuel from the metering piston to the principal chamber. Alternatively, a pressurized gas fuel may be used in which case the pressurized gas is utilized in the operation of the plunger.

Abstract: A novel internal combustion cycle and internal combustion engine operating thereon. Expansion of the hot combustion gases is controllably achieved in a primary combustion/expansion chamber and a secondary expansion chamber in a manner to reduce engine exhaust pressures to essentially atmospheric or below. The chambers are defined by two members movable with respect to each other within an engine block volume. Porting and fluid flow control is accomplished through the motion of the moving members. Embodiments include the use of a suction chamber which achieves subatmospheric exhaust pressures and which, in conjunction with a pressure-pumping chamber, achieves a "push-pull" effect on the fluid in the engine. Unique porting of the fuel/air mixture is provided and it includes, if desired, means to vary the fuel/air ratio during the cycle. The engine of this invention exhibits performance characteristics associated with the usual four-stroke cycle engines.

Abstract: A two-stoke cycle combustion-engine with crank-chamber compression is described, free of charging transfer passages external to the cylinder, with pumping-displacement exceeding working-displacement for responsive intake and thorough scavenging of spent-gas residue, and featuring an annular water-cooled cell, suspended from the cylinder-head by several water-conduits, and cooperating with an annular recess in the piston-head so as to form, and transversely separate, a plain working-chamber and an annular working-chamber, longitudinally scavengeable in series, bottom-to-top and top-to-bottom, respectively, with minimal loss of charge to exhaust-port, such a system of scavenging also reducing piston cooling-problems and misfiring associated with charge-dilution (in gasoline-engines operating under partial-charge conditions). In addition, a more general scavenging principle is enunciated and claimed, applicable to rear-compression and separately-scavenged two-stroke engines.

Abstract: Improvements in an internal combustion engine comprising an elongated stationary piston having an elongated double ended movable piston coaxially mounted thereon for reciprocation. Two stationary combustion cylinders reciprocably receive the opposite ends of the movable piston, respectively. A crankshaft is journaled for rotation in the stationary piston, the axis of the crankshaft coinciding substantially with a diameter of both pistons. A crank on the crankshaft is operatively connected by means of a connecting rod to the movable piston, the connection of the rod to the movable piston being on the diameter lying in a plane which includes the axis of the crankshaft.

Abstract: An improved two-cycle Diesel internal combustion engine is provided, whereby the intake and exhaust port passages are modified to provide greater circulation of the combustible fluids and air during the intake and exhaust cycles of the Diesel engine, respectively. The intake passages are so located in each piston and each cylinder to provide communication thereinbetween during the intake cycle with the piston at the bottom of its stroke which effects the exhaust cycle simultaneously substantially similar to a normal two-cycle operation. The intake passages in each cylinder communicate with intake passages in each piston which are connected to an intake flume port located epicentrically in the upper portions of each piston. The movement of the combustible fluids and the evacuation air is directed from the intake flume port and deflected off a conical protrusion in the upper surface of the cylinder, in order to promote circulation of the combustible fluids and the evacuation air, respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed are intake and exhaust assemblies for forced air intake, reciprocating piston, internal combustion engine. Alternate embodiments of the air intake valve assembly include a hollow tube defining the intake port with means operatively coupling the tube and piston to respectively open and close the intake port in response to the reciprocation of the piston. The exhaust valve assembly includes operatively interrelated valve stem, spring retainer, rocker arm, and camming assemblies for alternatingly opening and closing the exhaust port for predetermined time intervals.

Abstract: The invention provides a two-stroke-cycle engine which has a main piston, and an auxiliary piston and transfer valve arrangement. and its associated drive mechanism. The engine has also at least two intake valves arranged in the cylinder head. The auxiliary piston and transfer valve assembly comprises an auxiliary piston having an external hollow stem linearly slidable in a bushing mounted in said cylinder head and the transfer valve is provided with a stem freely slidable within said hollow stem.

Abstract: The engine comprises, for each of its cylinders, an auxiliary piston provided with a piston rod. The piston is movable in a cavity which is formed in the cylinder head and opens into the combustion chamber. The cavity defines with the auxiliary piston an annular chamber around the piston rod. A liquid under pressure is supplied to the annular chamber by way of a check-valve. The rod has an axial bore in which is slidable a slide valve member whose position is under the control of a parameter representing the conditions of operation of the engine. The slide valve member cooperates with at least one escape port formed across the hollow rod to constitute a liquid discharge path for the annular chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with pistons having openings connecting the space behind one of the piston rings with the crankcase during certain portions of the operating cycle of the engine. This is accomplished by the use of a differential pressure control valve that vents the unburned hydrocarbons trapped behind the compression ring to the crankcase during periods when the pressure in the combustion chamber is at the lower values during the internal combustion engine operating cycle. These unburned hydrocarbons are, therefore, directed into the crankcase of the engine rather than being permitted to leak back into the combustion chamber and to be discharged into the atmosphere during the exhaust stroke of the engine.

Abstract: A four stroke cycle internal combustion engine is disclosed with means to provide auxillary pumping of air directly into the cylinder. The piston head is provided with a sliding valve which is self-acting for injecting air into the cylinder during the intake stroke, and to inject air into the cylinder during a portion of the expansion stroke. An air pumping chamber is formed between the lower portion of the piston and the cylinder carries a self-acting sliding valve which controls the flow of air into the pumping chamber.

Abstract: The improvement in a combustion engine of the conventional type includes air inlet means disposed in the vicinity of an end of the cylinder facing away from the spark plug for receiving air into the cylinder, and a first plate attached to the cylinder in the vicinity of that end. The first plate is attached to the cylinder and formed with first and second openings for the cylinder and air to pass therethrough, respectively. A second plate, which fits into the cylinder is attached to the piston in the vicinity of an end portion of the latter facing the spark plug, and is formed with a third opening for passing air therethrough. Piston-and cylinder-rings slide between the first plate and the cylinder end, and between the second plate and the end portion of the piston, respectively, for a timed control of the air received into the cylinder through the air inlet means.