Abstract: A fuel pump system for aircraft includes an auxiliary fuel pump in-line with the primary pump, and an electric motor driving the auxiliary fuel pump at an operational motor speed. The system includes an electric control circuit (ECC) and a pressure sensor to regulate the speed of the electric motor based on the output pressure from the sensor to maintain a constant predetermined output pressure. The system may have additional fault mitigation circuitry configured to automatically switch from a processor-controlled to a fixed voltage as a source of power driving the electric motor at either a regulated speed or a constant fixed speed, respectively. The system may include a switch having user-selectable operational modes, including ECC-controlled mode and a high boost mode selectable if the ECC fails. In high boost mode, the ECC is bypassed to drive the electric motor at a fixed safe speed.

Abstract: Arrangement comprising: a chamber that is formed between a first receptacle and a second receptacle for a rod-shaped element, wherein the receptacles open out to the chamber on opposite end-face sides thereof; a rod-shaped element that is accommodated in the receptacles via a respective section with radial play, in this regard with a receptacle radial play, the rod-shaped element passing through the chamber; and an annular body that is situated in the chamber and through which the rod-shaped element passes with radial play, in this regard an annular body radial play, wherein the annular body radial play is less than the receptacle radial play, wherein the arrangement has a first media side and a second media side that are connected to the chamber via the first receptacle and second receptacle, respectively, wherein the annular body is provided to be pressed into contact against an end-face side of the chamber.

Abstract: A high-pressure fuel pump assembly for use in an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The fuel pump assembly comprises a pumping plunger for pressurising fuel within a pump chamber during a plunger pumping stroke, and being slidably received in a plunger bore; a rider member co-operable with a drive; and an interface member for imparting drive from the rider member to the pumping plunger to perform the plunger pumping stroke, the interface member having an interface side co-operable with the rider member). The pumping plunger comprises fluid delivery means for delivering fuel from the pump chamber to one or more contact surfaces of the pumping plunger, thereby to lubricate the contact surfaces.

Abstract: There is provided a high pressure fuel pump control system for an internal combustion engine which enables fuel pressure control with high precision without being restricted by the number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine or the number of phase sensor signals and the number of cam noses which vertically drives a plunger of a high pressure fuel pump even when a camshaft phase varies by a variable valve timing mechanism by using the high pressure fuel pump with a solenoid valve. The control system has a means which changes an effective stroke by driving the solenoid valve in the high pressure fuel pump, and has a means which changes the drive timing of the high pressure fuel pump based on a cylinder recognition value of the internal combustion engine with the cam angle detecting means as an origin.

Abstract: At the time of charging a power storage device from a commercial power supply, electric power from the commercial power supply is applied to a neutral point of each of first and second motor generators. A rotation preventing control unit (222) determines one phase to be subjected to switching control in the first inverter, based on a rotation angle (?1) of the first motor generator. Further, rotation preventing control unit (222) calculates torque generated in the first motor generator, generates a torque control value for canceling out the torque, and outputs the value to a phase voltage operating unit (214) for motor control.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing pressurized fuel for an engine includes an electric motor operative to crank said engine, a fuel pump, and a gear reduction device. This gear reduction device includes a worm and worm wheel and operates to receive a high speed input from said electric motor and to deliver a low speed output to said fuel pump.

Abstract: An exhaust valve arrangement for use in a combustion chamber of a compression ignition internal combustion engine, includes a piston which is movable outwardly from the combustion chamber in response to pressure generated within the combustion chamber as a result of combustion, and an outer sleeve within which the piston is movable. The outer sleeve is an exhaust valve which is actuable between open and closed positions to open and close, respectively, an exhaust passage from the combustion chamber. The exhaust valve arrangement further includes a pump chamber for receiving fluid, and a pumping plunger coupled to the piston and movable with the piston so as to pressurise fluid (e.g. fuel) within the pump chamber as the piston is urged outwardly from the combustion chamber. The pressure within the pump chamber is proportional to cylinder pressure and is sensed by a sensor which provides an output signal to an Engine Control Unit (ECU 16).

Abstract: An engine fuel delivery system is provided to raise the fuel pressure rapidly in the initial stage of engine starting without increasing the cranking load, thereby making it possible to achieve an atomized fuel spray through high-pressure fuel injection, improve the fuel efficiency, and reduce emissions. The engine fuel delivery system uses a variable transmission mechanism that is configured to change the drive rotational ratio of a power transmission path between a crankshaft of an engine and a high-pressure fuel pump. The variable transmission mechanism controls the rotational speed of the high-pressure fuel pump to a rotational speed that is higher than the normal pump rotational speed in the initial stage of engine starting after the engine has been cranked to complete explosion.

Abstract: Accordingly, the reader will see that this invention is a fuel injection pump which uses an opposed pair of springs acting in parallel to affect the movement of a piston used to pump fuel. Engine pressure pulses, preferably from an engine cylinder, apply a force on the piston and the springs affect the piston's movement to affect the quantity of fuel injected. The spring rates of the springs and their pre-load, or compression, can be adjusted to affect the fuel injection quantity. Proper selection of these spring rates and compressions allows the user to change the pump's specific output and shape this output as a function of engine torque.

Abstract: In an engine torque calculation method, basic engine torque TQb is calculated based on an engine rotational speed Ne and a fuel injection amount Q, and the basic engine torque TQb is corrected using a predetermined parameter (e.g., an intake air amount Q) which has an influence on engine torque, whereby engine torque TQact is calculated. A torque sensitivity coefficient K1 corresponding to an amount of change in the engine torque TQact when the parameter changes by a unit amount is calculated based on the engine rotational speed Ne and the fuel injection amount Q, and the engine torque TQb is corrected using the torque sensitivity coefficient K1.

Abstract: An engine comprises a housing that defines a hollow piston cavity that is separated from a gas passage by a valve seat. The housing further defines a biasing hydraulic cavity and a control hydraulic cavity. A gas valve member is also included in the engine and is movable relative to the valve seat between an open position at which the hollow piston cavity is open to the gas passage and a closed position in which the hollow piston cavity is blocked from the gas passage. The gas valve member includes a ring mounted on a valve piece and a retainer positioned between the ring and the valve piece. A closing hydraulic surface is included on the gas valve member and is exposed to liquid pressure in the biasing hydraulic cavity.

Abstract: An electronically controlled unit injector for internal combustion engine. The unit injector is mounted on a cylinder and has a plunger that extends into the combustion chamber. Fuel flow through the unit injector is accomplished by the plunger, which moves upward into the unit injector in response to upward motion of the piston. This motion displaces fuel and pressurizes a fuel path within the unit injector, including a pressure void at the tip of the needle. The pressurized fuel lifts the needle, which permits fuel to exit through injection spray holes into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: There is described an internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder and a crankcase (5), which together with the cylinder forms a common, circular cylindrical tubular body (1), and comprising an oscillating piston (7) rotatably mounted about the cylinder axis and separating a cylinder space (4) defined by radial walls (3) from the crankcase (5), which oscillating piston is in drive connection with a crankshaft (16) parallel to the cylinder axis via a connecting link guide (17) for at least one crank pin (18) of the crankshaft (16), which is provided on the crankcase side of the oscillating piston (7). To create advantageous constructional conditions, it is proposed that the crank pin (18) is supported on the connecting link guide (17) via a roller (19), and that the tubular body (1) forming the cylinder and the crankcase (5) is thermally insulated to the outside.

Abstract: The Internal Ram Fuel Delivery (IRFD) is a means for utilizing the movement of a reciprocating piston within an internal combustion engine, in conjunction with a secondary piston, or ram, to deliver fuel in the form of a liquid, gas, or an air mixture into a combustion chamber. The two most likely configurations of the IRFD involve either: a ram attached to an engine's primary piston(s) that travels inside a stationary ram cylinder attached to the top of the primary piston's cylinder head, with controlled fuel pathways; or, a ram cylinder attached to, or housed inside of the engine's primary piston(s) which travels on a stationary ram that is attached to the top of the primary piston's cylinder head, with controlled fuel pathways; whereby, the ram and ram cylinder move relative to one another when the engine's primary piston reciprocates, creating a pumping effect that can deliver fuel into a combustion chamber at a predetermined point during the primary piston's travel.

Abstract: An injector system adapted for use in a free-piston engine, includes an injection pump designed in the form of a free-piston pump and having a pump piston accommodated in a cylinder for reciprocating within the cylinder for making a compression stroke from a bottom dead center to a top dead center and for making an expansion stroke from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, an injector nozzle disposed in an engine piston or in a cylinder head which oscillates axially together with the engine piston, for injecting fuel received from the injection pump into a working chamber of the free-piston engine, a stroke limiting piston bearing on a working chamber distant end of the pump piston, and a restriction mechanism for limiting the travel of the limiting piston and the travel of the pump piston in the directions of the compression stroke and the expansion stroke.

Abstract: A fuel injection device for internal combustion engines comprises a unit injector for each cylinder and a rocker arm driving the pump piston of each injector, the rocker arm consisting of a rigid portion and a spring portion mounted under tension to the rigid portion, the spring portion deflecting at a predetermined load to limit the increasing pressure as the injection volume increases.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for a dual compression and dual expansion internal combustion engine (8) that is compact, efficient, and has low combustion noise and emissions. The subject engine (8) includes a low pressure piston assembly (56) reciprocally disposed in an operating chamber (22) defined in a housing (10). A pair of opposed high pressure piston assemblies (58) and (60) are directly mounted on a pair of geared together, counter rotating, crankshafts (52) and (54) and reciprocally disposed in bores (178) and (186) of the low pressure piston assembly (56). The disposition of the second and third piston assemblies (58) and (60) within their respective bores (178) and (186) defines a combustion chamber (254). An intake chamber (144) for compression of inducted air and an exhaust chamber (146) for expansion of exhaust gas are defined in the operating chamber (22) between the low pressure piston assembly (56) and the housing (10).

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines, having a pump piston that is guided axially and rotationally movably in a cylinder bore of a cylinder liner and that with a face end defines a pump work chamber. The fuel injection pump pumps a quantity of fuel that is divided into a preinjection quantity and a main injection quantity. On a jacket face, this pump piston has known oblique grooves for the high-pressure pumping diversion process, and also a recess, which cooperates with an annular groove in the cylinder bore and with a control opening which discharges into a low-pressure chamber, and on its end face the piston has a cutout formed by two different, deep shoulders; the cutout is recessed within the annular groove continuously and cooperates with a first control opening that discharges into the low-pressure chamber.

Abstract: The camshaft of the engine is located centrally and longitudinally in the crankcase, parallel to the crankshaft, and besides operating the valvegear, provides the drive for a fuel injection system of which the pump consists in a number of independent elements, one per cylinder, engaging directly with the camshaft at one end and connecting at the other with feed pipelines of identical length which are routed to injectors installed each with its nozzle end trained directly into the relative combustion chamber; formed in the piston crown, the chamber is designed with a cross-sectional profile of upturned omega shape, the effect of which being to create a rounded rim of smaller diameter than the remainder of the chamber, and with the base incorporating a centrally located bulge projecting back toward the head, a cavity of doughnut geometry materializes into which the fuel is injected directly.

Abstract: A distribution type fuel injection pump comprising a plunger and a control sleeve slidably mounted on the plunger. The plunger reciprocally moves along its axis while at the same time rotating about same. The control sleeve is rotated about the plunger at the time of the starting operation of an engine. A groove is formed on the cylindrical inner wall of the control sleeve. A plurality of radial passages connected to the compression chamber of the plunger is formed in the plunger. Each of the radial passages is arranged so as to face the groove of the control sleeve at one time per one revolution of the plunger. At the time of starting the engine, the radial passages are connected to the groove of the control sleeve in the suction stroke for increasing the quantity of the fuel to be injected. Contrary to this, the radial passages are connected to the groove of the control sleeve at the beginning of the delivery stroke slightly after the engine has been started.