Abstract: A fuel conditioning system for an engine comprises a plurality of mixing vessels that include an input mixing vessel and an output mixing vessel, at least one inlet for receiving fuel and water into the input mixing vessel and at least one outlet for supplying the fuel and water from the output mixing vessel to the engine. A conduit system is arranged to transfer the fuel and water through each of the mixing vessels from the input mixing vessel to the output mixing vessel. Each of the mixing vessels comprises an internal chamber containing a plurality of nebulizing members. The nebulizing members are configured to rotate about a rotational axis extending through the internal chamber to nebulize the fuel and water therein. One or more magnets disposed in the internal chamber to attract ferromagnetic substances present in the fuel and/or water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the fuel treatment such as petrol or diesel for internal combustion engines. The device has a housing provided with fuel supply lines at each of its opposite ends thereof. A central opening in the tubular housing that contains a metal bar that is formed of an alloy composition including copper, zinc, tin, manganese, aluminum, and iron. And the liquid fuel circulates through the fuel line in the housing where the metal center bar displaces to the second liquid fuel line.

Abstract: The invention provides a fuel treatment system for cracking hydrocarbons in fuel for combustion engines. The system comprises a primary ducting component having an exhaust gas inlet zone, and a secondary ducting component which includes a fuel enrichment component and a processing chamber. The processing chamber may have an outlet zone connectable to the combustion engine. The inlet zone of the primary ducting component and the outlet zone of the processing chamber may be configured in a heat exchange relationship with each other and in a counter-current gas flow direction with respect to each other. During operation of the system, heat from hottest volumes of the exhaust gas flowing in a furthest upstream portion of the ducting arrangement may be transferred to fuel-enriched exhaust gas flowing in a furthest downstream portion of the processing chamber.

Abstract: A fuel-efficient and fuel-saving device is provided and includes a first fuel-modification device, an air-refining device, and a tubing-type fuel-modification device. The first fuel-modification device is arranged in a fuel tank. The air-refining device is arranged under a filter screen of an air filter of an internal combustion engine, and the tubing-type fuel-modification device is arranged above a pipeline between the internal combustion engine and the fuel tank. The first fuel-modification device includes a first metal box body and a plurality of nano far-infrared ceramic particles. The surface of the first metal box body has a plurality of uniformly arranged air holes. The plurality of nano far-infrared ceramic particles is arranged in the first metal box body. The ball diameter of the nano far-infrared ceramic particles is larger than the diameter of the air holes.

Abstract: A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine comprising a prechamber (3), wherein a prechamber gas valve (5) is fitted into a cavity of the cylinder head (2) and the prechamber gas valve (5) is connected to the prechamber (3) by way of a flow transfer passage (10), wherein the flow transfer passage (10) for a given cross-sectional area immediately downstream of the prechamber gas valve (5) is of such a length that in operation of the cylinder head (2) mounted in an internal combustion engine in a compression stroke of the combustion process propellant gas which flow out of the prechamber gas valve (5) forms a gas cushion at least in a first portion (8) of the flow transfer passage (10), that adjoins the prechamber gas valve (5).

Abstract: A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine comprising a prechamber (3), wherein a prechamber gas valve (5) is fitted into a cavity in the cylinder head (2) and the prechamber gas valve (5) is connected to the prechamber (3) by way of a flow transfer passage (10), wherein the flow transfer passage (10) has a first portion (8) adjoining the prechamber gas valve (5) and a second portion (1) into which the first portion (8) opens, wherein the second portion (1) extends at least around a part of a periphery of the prechamber (3), wherein the second portion (1) has an uninterrupted peripheral surface apart from that opening (7) with which it passes into the prechamber (3).

Abstract: The present invention enables the energy conversion efficiency of installed equipment and the like to be further improved. An energy conversion efficiency improvement device 1 includes: a first antenna 10 which is formed by winding a conducting wire, the two ends of the conducing wire being connected to a direct-current power source; an LC circuit unit 11 which is connected to the conducting wire constituting the first antenna 10, and which includes at least one LC module obtained by connecting an inductance element and a capacitor element in series or in parallel; a joined material portion 12 obtained by joining at least two different types of materials together; and a horn component 13 which comprises a conductor, is formed with line symmetry across a central axis, and is formed with a shape having an external diameter that increases in one direction along the central axis.

Abstract: A magnetite level monitoring device for a magnetic filter in a central heating system, the magnetic filter including a separation chamber, an inlet to the chamber and an outlet from the chamber, and a magnetic element disposed within the chamber for attracting magnetic particles and removing the magnetic particles from the system water as it flows through the chamber, and the monitoring device including: a housing for placing adjacent to the outside of the separation chamber; a magnetometer mounted to the housing; a magnetic field guide mounted to the housing, the magnetic field guide being disposed between the magnetometer and the outside of the separation chamber, when the housing is mounted to the separation chamber; and output means adapted to issue a notification when the output from the magnetometer exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: An electricity generation system includes an internal combustion engine and at least one electricity generation motor that generates electricity upon an input shaft thereof being rotated by the internal combustion engine, wherein the internal combustion engine includes: a piston reciprocable in a cylinder; a valve actuating mechanism that actuates an intake valve and exhaust valve; a supercharger that compresses intake air to be delivered into the cylinder; and a fuel feeder, and wherein while the piston reciprocates once by starting from a top dead center and returning to the top dead center, the valve actuating mechanism actuates the intake and exhaust valves in such a manner as to provide a valve overlap period, the fuel feeder feeds fuel into the cylinder after closing of the exhaust valve, and an air-fuel mixture inside the cylinder is burned during a period in which both of the intake and exhaust valves are closed.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide devices, systems, and techniques for generating a magnetic field pattern that includes a plurality of magnetic poles. In specific embodiments, a magnetic device is disclosed which generates a magnetic field pattern including two magnetic poles of the same polarity on both ends, or sides of the magnetic device, and a third magnetic pole of a different polarity from the other two magnetic poles, wherein the third magnetic pole is located inside the magnetic device and between the other two magnetic poles. Moreover, the magnetic device is configured with two openings located at the two transition boundaries/interfaces of the three-pole magnetic field. As such, the two transition boundaries become accessible to objects. In particular, when another magnet is inserted at an interface between two magnetic poles, the magnet will “register” right at the interface and hover over or be suspended at the opening of the magnetic device.

Abstract: An oil mist separator includes a case, an oil collecting portion, and a gradual change portion. The case includes a case main body, an inlet for blow-by gas provided on an upstream side of the case main body in a flowing direction of the blow-by gas, and an outlet for blow-by gas provided on a downstream side in the flowing direction of the case main body. The oil collecting portion is accommodated in the case main body. The gradual change portion is provided in the case and is located in at least one of a space between the inlet and the oil collecting portion in the flowing direction and a space between the oil collecting portion and the outlet in the flowing direction. A cross-sectional flow area of the gradual change portion is gradually decreased as a distance from the oil collecting portion in the flowing direction increases.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device for enhancing fuel efficiency, the device including: a first casing in which first and second rotating pulverizers are disposed at both ends of a first injection hole at the center of the first casing and a fuel inlet is disposed on a first side of the first casing; a connection part which is disposed on a second side of the first casing and in which a second injection hole is formed in the center of the connection part; a second casing which is disposed on a second side of the connection part and in which a fuel outlet is disposed on a second, discharge hole side of the second casing; and a fuel guide means which is disposed inside the second casing and which includes first, second, third, and fourth guide tubes and first and second rotating guide tubes.

Abstract: The present invention is a fluids mechanical system for optimizing the catalytic effect of catalytic alloys for the elimination of microbiological contaminants in hydrocarbon fuels, that has catalytic alloy pieces mainly formed of tin and antimony, which are contained in a container that can be a metal tube, a stainless steel mesh or another type of plastic container, characterized in that the volume of the pieces or pellets of catalytic alloy is less than 60 cubic millimeters, preferably between 10 cubic millimeters and 45 cubic millimeters, the pieces having a spherical, disc or irregular shape.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger body arranged along an axis and having an external surface in contact with a surrounding first fluid. The body defines a first fluid passage centered on and extending along the axis. The body also defines a second fluid passage extending parallel with respect to the axis and spaced away from the axis by a second passage distance, and a third fluid passage extending parallel with respect to the axis and spaced away from the axis by a third passage distance. The first, second, and third passages are parallel to one another, while the third passage distance is greater than the second passage distance. Each of the first and third passages is configured to accept a flow of a second fluid and the second fluid passage is configured to hold a volume of air to thermally insulate the first passage from the third passage.

Abstract: The present invention is directed at a waveguide antenna for microwave enhanced combustion of a previously ignited fuel-air mixture. The waveguide antenna has a thermal conductivity of at least 150 W/m?k and can be formed from a metallic shell with a ceramic core.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel reformer for a vehicle. The vehicle includes an internal combustion engine, a fuel tank in which fuel of the internal combustion engine is stored, and a fuel supply device configured to supply the fuel in the fuel tank to the internal combustion engine. The fuel reformer includes an irradiator configured to emit light from an irradiation portion. The irradiation portion is disposed at a position where the fuel stored in the fuel tank is irradiated with the light without the light passing through a gas phase region in the fuel tank.

Abstract: A device for treating crude oil or heavy fuel oil with a method that can lower the pour point to at least 0° C. Crude oil or heavy fuel oil treated thusly maintains this property for at least one year. The device for lowering the pour point of crude oil or heavy fuel oil uses a specific ionization method. The method is conducted by passing a heated medium through the main ionization device which is grounded and which includes three parallelly connected segments whereby each segment includes a protective copper tube inside which a protective insulating shell is situated, inside which a copper housing is situated. In each copper housing there is one cylindrical-shaped external core in which an internal core is placed, and the external core and internal core are manufactured as two different alloys by composition. Also described is a process for casting the external core and internal core.

Abstract: The inventive concepts provide apparatuses for transferring a substrate and/or apparatuses for processing a substrate including the same. The substrate transferring apparatus including a chamber, a filter assembly disposed in a chamber to provide external air into the chamber, and an additional assembly including a moisture removing part and a purge gas providing part sequentially stacked on the filter assembly may be provided. The filter assembly may be coupled to the additional assembly.

Abstract: A braking force generation device of a vehicle includes a rotary member, a frictional member, a pressing device, and a self-discharge type static charge eliminator provided on a surface of a particular member. The self-discharge type static charge eliminator changes air around the self-discharge type static charge eliminator into negative air ions, according to the quantity of positive charge carried by the particular member, and eliminate charge by causing the negative air ions to attract the positive charges of the particular member for neutralization, so as to reduce a quantity of charge of the particular member, and thereby reduce a quantity of charge of the lubricant.

Abstract: An apparatus for magnetic treatment of fluids comprises a tubular body which retains a plurality of magnets and which defines an inner flow channel, a plurality of spaced apart positioning rings secured in the flow channel to the body, each positioning ring having including a plurality of annularly distributed, radially extending turbulence fins disposed in alignment with and annularly to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal dimension of the tubular body, and one or more radially extending support posts, one support post on a first one of the rings having an outwardly-biased retaining pin, and one of the support posts on a second one of the rings including an outwardly-oriented locking nut for locking the second ring flow channel of the tubular body by rotatably extending the nut from the post.

Abstract: A device for optimizing hydrocarbon combustion has at least one dipole antenna comprising first and second wires extending in opposite directions. At least one power source, can supply the wires with voltages which are intermittent, alternating and sinusoidal, said voltages being between 2,000 V to 100,000 V and having frequencies between 30 KHz and 1 MHz. The voltage in the second wire is opposite and balanced to the voltage in the first wire. When the dipole antenna is placed parallel and in close proximity to a hydrocarbon supply, an electromagnetic field acts on the hydrocarbon to enhance combustion of the hydrocarbon. An apparatus including the device and a method of using the device to optimize hydrocarbon combustion are also provided.

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided for in-line water treatment using strong magnetic fields to influence corrosion, separate toxins, suppress bacteria and bio-fouling, as well as inhibit or greatly reduce mineral scaling due to fluid flow in or around equipment components. For example, a device is provided for applying a magnetic field to a portion of tubing through which a fluid flow, such as water, is conveyed. The device includes a number of links joined together via detachable pivoting connections, such that links may be removed and/or links may be added, thereby allowing a diameter of the device to be adjusted so as to accommodate larger or smaller piping, as necessary, for retrofitting applications. The use of magnetic treatment of fluids such as water may allow extended cycles of operation with higher concentration of mineral salts without the use of chemical scaling suppressants.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine may include at least one distributor unit to supply liquid fluid and a plurality of preheating systems each connected to the distributor unit. The respective preheating systems may have a preheating chamber and at least one heating element. A plurality of connection nozzles may each be connected to respective preheating systems. A fuel path may lead from the distributor unit through the respective preheating chambers to the respective injection nozzles of the plurality of preheating systems. The respective preheating systems may include a housing having an inlet and an outlet. The housing may be connected via a plug-in connection on the inlet to the distributor unit and via a plug-in connection on the outlet to the respective injection nozzle.

Abstract: Fuel efficiency in a combustion engine is increased by treating the fuel in a reaction chamber prior to delivering the fuel into the combustion chamber of the engine. The method includes the step of entraining a stream of exhaust gas to travel upstream through the reactor chamber in a first flow pattern. The method also includes the step of entraining a stream of fuel to travel downstream through the reactor chamber in a second flow pattern, where at least one of the first and second flow patterns comprises a structured turbulent flow.

Abstract: This invention relates to a ceramic composite that comprises of a mixture of infrared-emitting metal oxides having specific spectral luminance in 3-20 ?m (micrometers) wavelength range and an effective amount of pyroelectric material that helps enhance infrared emissions of said oxides in said wavelength range. Said ceramic composite can be deviced to provide an effective means of improving hydrocarbon fuel efficiency in internal combustion engines for better engine performance with increased torque and power, improved fuel economy, and reduced exhaust emissions. Such ceramic composites can also be used in other applications that utilize infrared emissions in said wavelength range.

Abstract: This invention relates to a system and a method for generating emulsified fuels for improved fuel efficiency of combustion devices with reduced specific fuel consumption rate and emissions, comprising at least a continuous phase fuel, a dispersed phase component, and an infrared radiation source whose infrared radiation spans at least a portion of 3-16 micrometers wavelength spectrum. In said system the continuous phase fuel and/or dispersed phase component are exposed to said infrared before or during emulsification. The continuous phase fuel may be selected from fossil fuels, biofuels, alcohol fuels, vegetable oils, or any combustible liquid fuels, while the dispersed phase component may be oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, propane, butane, any petroleum gas, hydrogen peroxide, or water. The emulsified fuels can be used in combustion devices such as internal combustion engines, boilers, burners, or gas turbines.

Abstract: A system and method for altering the properties of a fuel by exposure of the fuel to a magnetic field is described herein. The method comprises generating a magnetic field; exposing a material to the magnetic field, and determining the optimum settings of the magnetic field parameters for the particular material. The magnetic field may be time varying or time invariant. Various properties of the magnetic field can be altered to determine the optimum settings for altering the fuel properties, including the amplitude, frequency, and waveform. In one embodiment, a method for improving the performance of a fuel is provided, comprising: providing a fuel line comprising fuel; installing a magnetic field generator along at least a portion of the fuel line; and generating a pulsed magnetic field around at least a portion of the fuel line using the magnetic field generator.

Abstract: Many IC engine inefficiencies are linked to the relatively low mixture formation rates of current injection methods. Process intensification (PI) is excellent at high mixture formation rates, high mass transfer rates, and short residence times, therefore a wall integrated injection method and device featuring PI has been provided. It allows increased number of injection sites and interfacial surface area between fluid jets and the volume of the squash area, hence high mixture formation rates shorter Liquid Lengths and the use of micro nozzles to further intensify the mixing process by locally mixing fuel and oxidant. This allows high EGR and low compression ratios and better control of HCCI start of ignition. PI effectively achieves thermo and species stratification for extending the load range of the HCCI engine while permitting effective water addition for reciprocating and turbine for lower exhaust heat and less fuel burned hence less CO2 emissions.

Abstract: A fuel conditioner is provided for improving fuel combustibility and reducing emissions into the environment. The fuel conditioner may be placed in-line in a fuel delivery system for internal combustion engines and may include the following components: a first housing defining a sealed chamber, a fuel inlet in fluid communication with the sealed chamber, a second housing disposed within the sealed chamber, a magnet disposed in the second housing, a fuel outlet in fluid communication with the sealed chamber, and a flow path in the sealed chamber for flow of the liquid fuel between the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet. Along its flow path, the liquid fuel is split apart and passes through magnetic fields due to one or more magnets inside the second housing to condition the fuel to improve fuel combustibility and reduce toxic emissions.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods for the preparation of an oxygenate compound or mixture of oxygenate compounds suitable for use in internal combustion engines are disclosed. An internal combustion engine system includes: a fuel system including an oxygenate compound synthesis device including a reactor including a catalyst, the oxygenate compound synthesis device being configured to convert at least a portion of a feedstock to an oxygenate compound or a mixture of oxygenate compounds; and an internal combustion engine configured to initiate combustion through compression or high energy discharge, the internal combustion engine including: a fuel injection system configured to provide fuel injection, and a cooling system configured to cool the internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine being configured to heat the oxygenate compound synthesis device using heat from the cooling system of the internal combustion engine. Applications of the devices, systems and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a ceramic composite that comprises of a mixture of infrared-emitting metal oxides having specific spectral luminance in 3-20 ?m (micrometers) wavelength range and an effective amount of pyroelectric material that helps enhance infrared emissions of said oxides in said wavelength range. Said ceramic composite can be deviced to provide an effective means of improving hydrocarbon fuel efficiency in internal combustion engines for better engine performance with increased torque and power, improved fuel economy, and reduced exhaust emissions. Such ceramic composites can also be used in other applications that utilize infrared emissions in said wavelength range.

Abstract: A volumetric expansion assembly for increasing the volume of a gaseous fuel through electromagnetic means includes a housing that may be operationally coupled to an engine. A tubular fuel line is operationally coupled to the housing. The tubular fuel line is operationally coupled between a fuel supply and the engine. The tubular fuel line delivers the fuel to the engine. A magnetron is operationally coupled to the housing. The magnetron heats the tubular fuel line so a volume of the fuel in the tubular fuel line is increased. A tubular cooling line is operationally coupled to the tubular fuel line. The tubular cooling line is operationally coupled to a coolant supply. The tubular cooling line cools the tubular fuel line after the tubular fuel line is heated by the magnetron.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for delivery a fluidic substance using Lorentz forces. In one aspect, a method to accelerate particles into a chamber includes distributing a fluidic substance between electrodes configured at a location proximate a chamber, in which electrodes include a low work function material, generating a current of ionized particles by applying an electric field between the electrodes to ionize at least some of the fluidic substance, and producing a Lorentz force to accelerate the ionized particles into the chamber. In some implementations, the method further includes applying an electric potential on an antenna electrode interfaced at the port to induce a corona discharge into the chamber, in which the corona discharge ignites the ionized particles within the chamber.

Abstract: This invention relates to a system and a method for achieving efficient combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in internal combustion engines to enhance the engine performance with reduced fuel consumption and emissions, comprising at least an infrared radiation source emitting infrared at wavelengths covering at least a portion of 3-20 micrometers wavelength range for exciting the hydrocarbon fuel and a hydrogen source providing hydrogen gas to be burned along with the infrared-excited hydrocarbon fuel in engine cylinder. The hydrocarbon fuel can be any of hydrocarbon-based fuels, including methane, propane, gasoline, ethanol, diesels, biodiesels, and renewable fuels, that are used to power internal combustion engines. The expectation is to provide an effective means of improving hydrocarbon fuel efficiency in engines for better engine performance with increased torque and power, improved fuel economy, and reduced exhaust emissions.

Abstract: Fuel efficiency in a combustion engine is increased by treating the fuel in a reaction chamber prior to delivering the fuel into the combustion chamber of the engine. The method includes the step of entraining a stream of exhaust gas to travel upstream through the reactor chamber in a first flow pattern. The method also includes the step of entraining a stream of fuel to travel downstream through the reactor chamber in a second flow pattern, where at least one of the first and second flow patterns comprises a structured turbulent flow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel injector configuration that treats a dielectric fluid such as gasoline fuel with strong electric and, optionally, magnetic fields to form a homogeneous charged fuel or fuel/air mixture for combustion in an internal combustion engine. The electric field is supplied by a triboelectric dipole and the magnetic field is supplied by permanent magnets. Small charged fuel particles are produced and combust more readily than untreated particles. Fuel efficiency is increased and emissions are reduced.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for injecting a fuel using Lorentz forces. In one aspect, a method to inject a fuel includes distributing a fuel between electrodes configured at a port of a chamber, generating an ion current of ionized fuel particles by applying an electric field between the electrodes to ionize at least some of the fuel, and producing a Lorentz force to accelerate the ionized fuel particles into the chamber. In some implementations of the method, the accelerated ionized fuel particles into the chamber initiate a combustion process with oxidant compounds present in the chamber. In some implementations, the method further comprises applying an electric potential on an antenna electrode interfaced at the port to induce a corona discharge into the chamber, in which the corona discharge ignites the ionized fuel particles within the chamber.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for injecting and igniting a fuel using corona discharge for combustion. In one aspect, a method to ignite a fuel in an engine includes injecting ionized fuel particles into a combustion chamber of an engine, and generating one or more corona discharges at a particular location within the combustion chamber to ignite the ionized fuel particles, in which the generating includes applying an electric field at electrodes configured at a port of the combustion chamber, the electric field applied at a frequency that does not produce an ion current or spark on or between the electrodes.

Abstract: Free heat or scavenged heat from the coolant system or circulating oil from the crankcase of an internal combustion engine supplies heat to a fuel pre-heater causing the liquid fuel to become superheated and partially vaporized. Liquid fuel preferably diesel is converted from a fluid at ambient temperature to a superheated fuel breaking down the hydrocarbons bonds of the fuel (cracking) before being sent directly to the fuel injectors. Water fog may be added to the air intake manifold. Catalysts inside the fuel preheater also aid in breaking down the fuel (cracking). The fuel pre-heater also operates as a coolant/oil filter to remove debris and sludge from the circulating coolant water or circulating crankcase oil of an internal combustion engine. Fuel efficiency has repeatedly been tested to increase 20% or better with highway driving. Exhaust emissions have been tested to show 20% or more reductions in greenhouse gases.

Abstract: A device for treating liquid carbonous fuel having external and internal electrodes having a dielectric insert positioned between and coaxially arranged to form a treatment chamber. The chamber is connected to a fuel line by an outlet channel located along the longitudinal axis of the electrodes and at least one inlet channel disposed in the external electrode, wherein the inlet and outlet channels are embodied according to a relationship (1), wherein Siin is the cross-section area of an i-th inlet channel, n is the number of inlet channels and Sout is the cross-section area of the outlet channel. ? i = 1 n ? ? S iin = ( 0.1 ? / ? 2.

Abstract: Fuel conditioning modules that condition a combustible fuel prior to combustion are provided so that fuel to be conditioned is brought into contact with a fuel conditioning insert assembly which includes a zeolite catalyst material comprised of a mixture of zeolite particulates and rare earth metal or metal oxide particulates in a solid resin binder disposed in a housing flow through passageway such that the fuel flowing in the passageway between inlet and outlet ends of the housing contacts the fuel conditioning insert assembly. The catalytic metal is most preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of copper, aluminum, stainless steel, titanium, magnesium, chromium, barium, calcium, platinum, palladium, nickel, bronze and iron. The zeolite catalyst material may be dispersed in the form of solid chips throughout a mass of metallic elements form of a catalytic metal.

Abstract: A magnetic ionization device is disclosed that reduces the toxic effects of diesel emissions. The magnetic ionization device comprises a pair of brackets secured together around a fuel line, and at least two permanent rare earth magnets secured to the pair of brackets. The pair of brackets each comprises an interior surface and an exterior surface, and are generally V-grooved in shape. Furthermore, the brackets comprise a recess for receiving a portion of a fuel line. Once the permanent rare earth magnets are secured to the brackets, the brackets and magnets can be coated with plastic, powder metal, or any other suitable protective layer as is known in the art. The pair of brackets is then secured together around a fuel line via plastic ties, nuts, bolts, and/or washers, etc.

Abstract: A multiple discharge plasma apparatus is provided with a plurality of discharge devices, each with an electrode exposed to the combustion chamber and installed in at least one of members constituting the combustion chamber; an antenna installed in at least one of the members constituting the combustion chamber so as to radiate electromagnetic waves to the combustion chamber; an electromagnetic wave transmission line installed in at least one of the members constituting the combustion chamber, with one end connected to the antenna and the other end covered with an insulator or dielectric and extending to a portion, of at least one of the members constituting the combustion chamber, distant from the combustion chamber; and an electromagnetic wave generator for feeding electromagnetic waves into the electromagnetic wave transmission line; wherein the multiple discharge plasma apparatus is configured such that discharge is generated by the electrodes of a plurality of discharge devices and the electromagnetic wav

Abstract: An energy conversion and free hydrogen producing system including a electromagnetically energized reciprocating piston motor, a plurality of lead acid flow through batteries, each consisting of a plurality of individual flow through lead acid cells, and a hydrogen burning internal combustion engine. With concentrated sulfuric acid as the primary fluid, the electromagnetically energized reciprocation piston motor, and the hydrogen burning internal combustion engine provide a rotational torque output.

Abstract: An improved method of powering an engine using water as a fuel by separating the hydrogen and oxygen atoms and igniting the hydrogen with high voltage high amperage dc electricity in the compression/combustion chamber of the engine and recycling the exhaust water for reuse.

Abstract: A fuel enhancer device provides a substantially higher miles per gallon gas saving of at least ten (10) miles per gallon for motor vehicles powered by fuel-injected, internal combustion engines. The device pre-heats the fuel, and subjects the fuel to a magnetic field, prior to the fuel's entry into the engine fuel injectors. The device is simple to install within a fuel line system next to an engine's bank of fuel injectors.

Abstract: There is provided an internal-combustion engine that allows plasma to be used safely, efficiently, and in a manner conducive to resource conservation. An internal-combustion engine having an intake valve for opening and closing a combustion chamber, the internal-combustion engine comprising a valve-driving mechanism for driving the intake valve; and a plasma-generating device positioned within a region containing gas used for combustion during a combustion stroke, the plasma-generating device being composed of an antenna and a microwave-generating device, wherein the plasma-generating device composed of the antenna and the microwave-generating device generates plasma at a timing intimately associated with a state of openness of the intake valve in response to the driving of the valve by the valve-driving mechanism.

Abstract: A pre-injection fuel atomization system for a combustion engine that reduces droplet size of incoming fuel at air intake, creating an aerosol that is injected by fuel injectors into the combustion chambers. The system uses a vibrating crystal in a transducer, the vibrations atomizing the fuel into an aerosol. The droplet size is reduced to around 0.1 microns, providing more surface area available for fast surface combustion. The fuel droplets are maintained in a stoichiometric ratio to oxygen in the air so that burning is complete and clean.

Abstract: A method and system for treating a combustible fluid and operating a combustion system, where the combustible fluid is introduced into an electrolysis cell, electrochemically activated in the electrolysis cell, and combusted in a combustion-based engine.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a method and an apparatus for avoiding and/or reducing pollutant percentages in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. Before fuel passes into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, it is exposed to electromagnetic signals. The electromagnetic signals including at least two signals at two preset frequencies, and are above 20 kHz. The electromagnetic signals are delivered by way of a transmission member that is disposed in a fuel treatment unit, which has a fuel feed line to a fuel tank and a fuel discharge line to the internal combustion engine.