Abstract: An example valve includes a valve body, a cage, and a plug. The valve body includes a fluid passageway extending between a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The cage and the plug are disposed in the fluid passageway. The cage includes a first annular sidewall having an inner layer and an outer layer that circumscribes the inner layer. The inner layer includes first openings extending through the inner layer. The outer layer includes second openings extending through the outer layer. The second openings are in fluid communication with the first openings. The second openings are smaller than the first openings. The plug includes a second annular sidewall circumscribed by the first annular sidewall. The second annular sidewall includes third openings extending through the second annular sidewall. The plug is movable relative to the cage to selectively place the third openings in fluid communication with the first openings.

Abstract: A device for screening a NOx sensor provided on a front end of a tail pipe includes a screen, a screen rotating shaft to which the screen is fixed and having a screen lever, a first fixed shaft having a second end that is coupled to or separated from a first end of the screen rotating shaft, and an axial side extension part with a temperature sensitive length extension and contraction part that is opposite to the screen lever, a second fixed shaft having a return spring, a rotary stopper coupled to the screen rotating shaft, and a first fixing plate located inside the front end of the tail pipe and deformed to fix the rotary stopper or to pass the fixed rotary stopper in an opposite direction, wherein each of the first end and the second end is inclined to a side.

Abstract: An apparatus for improving efficiency of a turbocharger engine including a turbocharger configured of a turbine rotated by discharge force of exhaust gas transferred from an exhaust manifold, and a compressor rotated coaxially with the turbine to compress intake air applied to an engine is provided. The turbine includes a turbine housing and a turbine wheel. The apparatus includes an auxiliary wheel that is formed at one side of the turbine wheel and an air compressor rotated by being connected to a crankshaft of the engine to generate compressed air. A valve connects between the air compressor and an air tank to transfer the compressed air to the air tank, and transfers, when charging of the air tank is completed, the compressed air to the auxiliary wheel side to increase torque of the turbine wheel.

Abstract: An electric tool and a motor drive system are provided. The motor drive system includes a trigger switch, an electronic switch, and a switch control circuit connected between the trigger switch and the electronic switch. The trigger switch is connected in series to a power supply. The electronic switch is configured to control a motor to be powered on or powered off. The switch control circuit is configured to control the electronic switch based on a state of the trigger switch, wherein the electronic switch is delayed to be turned off after the trigger switch is turned off to control the motor to be powered off later than a time that the trigger switch is turned off.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a three-way valve (1), particularly one intended to be used in an air intake circuit of a motor vehicle, comprising: a body (200) delimiting a first (2), a second (3), and a third (4) conduit, said conduits opening into a shared inner space (201), a first flap (21) capable of being moved to obstruct the first conduit, a second flap (20) capable of being moved to selectively obstruct either the second or the third conduit, a single actuator being arranged to selectively move at least one of the first and second flaps.

Abstract: A secondary air pump assembly for a vehicle includes a housing having an air inlet and an air outlet, a pump disposed within the housing, a position assembly and a valve assembly. The position assembly is disposed within the housing and configured to monitor a speed of the pump. The valve assembly is configured to facilitate preventing a backflow of air into the housing. A secondary air system including the secondary air pump assembly is also provided.

Abstract: Provided is an arctic ship with a derrick, which can stably maintain an internal environment of an enclosed derrick. The arctic ship with a derrick includes: the derrick forming an enclosed space blocked from outside air; a moonpool coupled to a lower portion of the derrick to communicate with the derrick and blocked from the outside air; and an air supply/exhaust device installed to communicate an inner space of the derrick or the moonpool with the exterior, wherein air condition of the inner space is maintained or controlled at a predetermined range by the air supply/exhaust device.

Abstract: An apparatus has a turbulence generator valve which is arranged in an intake air passage. The valve generates turbulence in a cylinder of an engine. The valve receives an intake flow torque TA by flow of intake air. The valve is driven by an electric motor in an electric actuator. Reverse transmission torque TB is necessary to rotate the electric motor in the electric actuator when the electric motor is not activated. A cancel spring is provided to apply a cancel torque TC to the valve. The torques are set to satisfy |TA+TC|<|TB|. As a result, it is possible to keep a valve opening degree of the valve while the electric actuator is not activated.

Abstract: This invention relates to an automatically regulated gaseous mixer for small universal gas engine comprising a mixer body, a choker, an air inlet port, a main gas passage, a main metering jet, a mixture outlet port, a throttle valve, a gas connecting passage and an auxiliary gas passage, which is characterized in that an auxiliary gas passage is set parallel to the main gas passage and connected through a vertical gas passage. Its top end is linked to the main gas passage and the lower end is connected with the auxiliary gas passage, one end of the auxiliary passage is connected with the mixture outlet port. The shaft of throttle valve is in line with auxiliary gas passage and is extended into the auxiliary gas passage to form an automatically regulated valve. The advantages of this invention are simple and compact; practical and reliable.

Abstract: An injection gate (44,144,244,344) for high pressure, high velocity secondary fluid for admixture of an atomized spray (80,180) thereof with another or primary fluid that atomizes the other fluid. The secondary fluid may be an accelerant and the primary fluid may be a low pressure fuel/air mixture in a fuel injection arrangement for an internal combustion engine. An injection billet (10,110,210,310) for an engine is interposed between the carburetor (12) and the manifold (14), with an array of such injection gates (44,244,344) paired with an array of fuel/air gates (34,234,334) about an aperture coinciding with a throttle bore (60,160,260,360) and evenly balancing the spray about the throttle bore, creating a halo effect of atomized admixture of accelerant/fuel. The injection of accelerant is directed sharply downwardly toward the center of the bore and through the injected fuel stream, atomizing the fuel thereof for a high efficiency boost of horsepower.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are described for controlling an engine with a turbocharger in a vehicle. One example method comprises, under selected operating conditions, generating an oxidant rich component from engine intake air, storing the oxidant rich component, and during subsequent increased torque request, injecting an amount of the stored oxidant rich component to the engine.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are described for controlling an engine with a turbocharger in a vehicle. One example method comprises, under selected operating conditions, generating an oxidant rich component from engine intake air, storing the oxidant rich component of the intake air, and, under subsequent cold start conditions, injecting an amount of the stored oxidant rich component to the engine.

Abstract: A method for providing intake air to an engine in a vehicle comprises delivering compressed fresh air and EGR to the engine via first and second throttle valves coupled to an intake manifold of the engine. During a higher engine-load condition, an EGR exhaust flow is cooled in a heat exchanger and the cooled EGR exhaust flow is admitting to the intake manifold. During a lower engine-load condition, fresh air is warmed in the heat exchanger, and the warmed fresh air is admitted to the intake manifold.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for increasing the torque of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, is described. The method and device includes compressing air from a charge air line or from a second air inlet by using the charge air compressor, storing the air compressed by the charge air compressor in a storage device, and blowing, in a timed manner, blow air which is stored as compressed air in a storage device into the cylinder through an inlet valve of the cylinder, thereby increasing the torque of the engine.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic module designed to use the locomotive engine's speed sensors to detect such changes in engine speed (rpm), as required by the locomotive operator moving the throttle notch handle. Once a speed change is detected, the module commands an air valve on each of the locomotive's main air reservoir tanks, (designed to handle the normal operating main reservoir air pressure), to open and allow them to discharge into the engine's intake manifolds located on both sides of the diesel engine.

Abstract: A railroad locomotive includes a naturally aspirated reciprocating internal combustion engine driving a traction generator. A speed control system and load regulator provide an output signal which is operated upon and modified by a controller in response to the barometric pressure at which the locomotive is being operated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system (1) for supplying an air-fuel mixture to a two-stroke internal combustion engine cylinder (2), comprising a carburettor (3) having a throttle valve (4) and usually a choke valve. The system further has a transfer passage (6) between a crankcase chamber and a combustion chamber of said engine. A supply conduit for additional air (8) is having an air valve (10) for said additional air, and said supply conduit for additional air (8) is being adapted to discharge the additional air into the top portion of said transfer passage (6) during a portion of a cycle of said two-stroke internal combustion engine. Further the air valve (10) is controlled by the throttle valve (4) so as to affecting a air valve opening state when said throttle valve opening state is affected. Said air valve (10) is of a barrel valve type while said throttle valve (4) is of a butterfly valve type.

Abstract: An intake-negative-pressure-increasing apparatus is disclosed, for use with an engine, and comprises a bypass passage extending from an intake pipe portion in the neighborhood of the throttle valve to an intake pipe portion downstream of the intake pipe portion in the neighborhood of the throttle valve. A negative pressure is generated by the air flowing through the bypass passage and is supplied to an actuator operated by the negative pressure as the driving power.

Abstract: To provide an improved swirl forming device in a combustion engine, which is effective to promote a vigorous and massive swirling motion of the charge mixture within the combustion chamber, the swirl forming device includes an auxiliary passage (24) for introducing an auxiliary gas, which may be either air or a charge mixture, into the combustion chamber (9) from a location immediately upstream of the intake port (70) that is selectively opened and closed by the intake valve (10). This auxiliary passage (24) has an open end (25) positioned adjacent the exhaust port (80), such that when viewed from top in a direction conforming to the longitudinal axis (CC) of the cylinder bore (3), the auxiliary gas is introduced in a direction different from the direction (N) normal to the inner peripheral surface (3a) of the cylinder bore (3) to thereby form a swirl (S) along the inner peripheral surface (3a) of the cylinder bore (3).

Abstract: This invention describes a method which can be used to improve the output torque and resulting horsepower of internal combustion engines while lowering the overall pollution experienced with these engines. This invention will allow smaller displacement engines to be used in transportation vehicles without sacrifice of driveability. In some applications existing high horsepower engines can be boosted to even higher output levels. This invention describes an on board system that separates nitrogen (N2) from air leaving an oxygen (O2) enriched air that is used in combination with fuel to improve operation of the engine during its various modes of operation (start-up, acceleration, cruise, deceleration and idle).

Abstract: A stratified scavenging mechanism of a two-stroke internal combustion engine including a carburetor for supplying and controlling an air and fuel mixture to the engine, an air intake passage in which a throttle valve is disposed, an air passage provided on a scavenging air supply body, an air control valve disposed in the air passage for opening and closing the air passage, and an air valve lever operably connected to a throttle valve lever. The scavenging air supply body is carried by the carburetor. More than one air passage may be provided, and a separate air control valve is preferably provided for each air passage.

Abstract: A diaphragm carburetor for an internal combustion engine that operates with scavenging is provided, especially for the two-cycle engine in a manually guided implement. The carburetor has a housing in which is formed an intake channel portion in which is disposed a butterfly valve that is rotatably held via a butterfly valve shaft. The carburetor has at least one air channel that supplies additional combustion air and that is provided with an air valve that is rotatably held via an air valve shaft. The air valve is, at least in one angular range, coupled to the movement of the butterfly valve, whereby the coupling includes a butterfly valve lever that is fixedly connected with the butterfly valve shaft, and an air valve lever that is fixedly connected with the air valve shaft. Disposed on one of the levers is a driver member that at least in one angular range slides upon the other lever between an outer contact point and an inner contact point.

Abstract: An air cleaner intake door is provided. An air cleaner with at least one sidewall and an opening defined in the sidewall has a door mounted over the opening. The door is rotationally movable between an open and a closed position and a cam extends from the door. A spring is in contact with the door for biasing the door towards a closed position.

Abstract: A stratified scavenging mechanism of a two-stroke internal combustion engine including a carburetor for supplying and controlling an air and fuel mixture to the engine, an air intake passage in which a throttle valve is disposed, an air passage provided on a scavenging air supply body, an air control valve disposed in the air passage for opening and closing the air passage, and an air valve lever operably connected to a throttle valve lever. The scavenging air supply body is carried by the carburetor. More than one air passage may be provided, and a separate air control valve is preferably provided for each air passage.

Abstract: A diaphragm carburetor for an internal combustion engine that operates with scavenging is provided, especially for the two-cycle engine in a manually guided implement. The carburetor has a housing in which is formed an intake channel portion in which is disposed a butterfly valve that is rotatably held via a butterfly valve shaft. The carburetor has at least one air channel that supplies additional combustion air and that is provided with an air valve that is rotatably held via an air valve shaft. The air valve is, at least in one angular range, coupled to the movement of the butterfly valve, whereby the coupling includes a butterfly valve lever that is fixedly connected with the butterfly valve shaft, and an air valve lever that is fixedly connected with the air valve shaft. Disposed on one of the levers is a driver member that at least in one angular range slides upon the other lever between an outer contact point and an inner contact point.

Abstract: A gasoline direct injection engine is provided with a bypass air supply line. The bypass line is selectively opened to allow additional flow of air into the engine chamber during a transition phase. Air normally flows through a main air supply line through a plenum. However, during a transition from a low air volume early injection phase to a relatively high air volume late injection phase the valve is opened to provide additional flow through the bypass. In this way, the air can be more quickly delivered to the engine chamber.

Abstract: The secondary wide open throttle induction system according to the invention includes a throttle body for use in an engine intake manifold having a primary intake and at least one secondary intake. The throttle body device associated with the secondary intake. The throttle body includes a channel having an inlet and an outlet, a throttle plate disposed within the channel, and a throttle control coupled to the throttle plate. The outlet is adapted to connect to a secondary intake in the engine intake manifold. The throttle control regulates the throttle body.

Abstract: A low power or current draw adjustable trigger switch and method and system for using the adjustable trigger switch in conjunction with a triggered accessory for an internal combustion engine, such as a feed from a source of compressed oxygen enhancer, such as nitrous oxide. The adjustable trigger switch, in operation in conjunction with the triggered accessory, allows selective activation of the accessory to, for example, improve engine performance. In one application, the triggering occurs via an engine electrical output, such as a throttle position sensor (TPS) voltage. The trigger, which includes, for example, an operational amplifier circuit, logic gates, or a series of transistors (e.g.

Abstract: A method and system for late cycle injection of oxygen enriched air into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The late cycle oxygen injection system is part of an airflow management system that effectively controls the use of oxygen and nitrogen available in the intake air. The preferred system comprises an intake air separation device adapted for separating a prescribed portion of intake air into a flow of oxygen enriched air and a flow of nitrogen enriched air. The system includes an oxygen enriched air flow circuit extending from the intake air separating device to one or more combustion chambers and a control device adapted for controlling the introduction of the oxygen enriched air into the combustion chambers late in a combustion cycle in response to selected engine operating conditions such as engine speed or engine load or both.

Abstract: A gas delivery system in which air supplied to the internal combustion engine via a supplementary conduit is controlled. In the gas delivery system, the main conduit gas flow traveling through the throttle valve conduit is controlled by a throttle valve and the supplementary conduit gas flow flowing through the supplementary conduit is controlled by a supplementary conduit control mechanism. The throttle valve and the supplementary conduit control mechanism is adjusted jointly with one adjusting drive device. The gas delivery system is provided in particular for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles.

Abstract: An air assist device comprising a slit shaped air intake formed in the inner wall of an intake duct around a throttle valve. The assist air is taken in from the air intake ports. A downstream side edge portion of the opening of the slip shaped air intake port is formed into an arc shape which extends along a downstream side edge portion of the outer peripheral end face of the throttle valve when the throttle valve is positioned at an idling position.

Abstract: A stepped-piston, internal-combustion engine includes at least one cylinder, each cylinder having a working part of lesser diameter defined by a cylindrical wall and a pumping part of greater diameter, a piston slidable in each cylinder, a receiver which is partly delimited by the cylindrical wall of the working part of each cylinder and which extends at least partly around each working part, working inlet ports in the cylindrical wall and extending between the working part of the cylinder and the receiver and valve means to control the entry of charge into the pumping part of each cylinder and the transfer of charge from said pumping part to the receiver, and wherein the admission of charge into the working part of each cylinder from the receiver is controlled by the uncovering of the working inlet ports by the working part of the piston.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with a top hat piston disposed in a cylinder having first and second portions of different diameters. The piston, with first and second portions of different diameters, is disposed within the cylinder and defines a compression chamber between a cylinder step and a piston step created by the different diameters. The compression chamber is connected in fluid communication with a fuel supply, such as a carburetor or fuel injector, which provides a fuel/air mixture into the compression chamber during the downstroke of the piston. When the piston is moving upward, it compresses the fuel/air mixture within the compression chamber until a second end of a transfer passage is moved into fluid communication with a transfer port formed in the wall of the first portion of the cylinder. This occurs after the exhaust port is closed by the piston and therefore significantly diminishes the chance for unburned fuel to pass directly out the exhaust port from the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An air assist device comprising a plurality of air intake ports formed in the inner wall of an intake duct around a throttle valve. The assist air is taken in from the air intake ports. The amount of opening of the air intake ports is controlled by the outer peripheral end face of the throttle valve. The cross-sectional shapes of the air intake ports are made easily formed circular cross-sectional shapes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of controlling the air supply to an internal combustion engine having a means to throttle the air flow to the engine comprising determining the air demand in response to a driver initiated signal; determining an initial position of the throttle means in response to the driver initiated signal; determining the actual rate of air supply and comparing the actual rate of air supply with the determined air demand; moving the throttle means to the initial position, the position of the throttle means being adjusted to bring the actual air supply within acceptable operating limits of the determined air demand.

Abstract: An improved two-stroke internal combustion engine utilizing a vacuum chamber to create vacuum, which sucks the exhaust out from the combustion chamber, and forces the charge into it.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine having an air supply passage for supplying air to a point close to the fuel injection hole of a fuel injector to realize good atomization of the injected fuel. The system comprises an air supply passage, a control valve arranged therein, an opening passage for opening the air supply passage downstream of said control valve into the atmosphere, and a normally closed valve arranged therein. The normally closed valve is opened when an increased amount of pressure for a predetermined period in the intake passage downstream of the throttle valve becomes larger than a predetermined value. Accordingly, the pressure in the air supply passage does not become lower than that in the intake passage downstream of the throttle valve so that a back-flow of intake air can be prevented.

Abstract: An altitude determining apparatus for an automotive vehicle includes a calculating part for determining a reference flow rate based on a throttle angle of a throttle valve and an engine speed of an internal combustion engine of the vehicle, the throttle angle being sensed from the throttle valve arranged in an intake passage of the engine and the engine speed being sensed from the engine, a correction part for detecting an operating condition under which additive gas is supplied to the intake passage downstream of the throttle valve and for changing the reference flow rate determined by the calculating part to a second reference flow rate according to the operating condition only when the above mentioned operating condition is detected, and a discriminating part for comparing an intake air flow rate sensed at an inlet portion of the intake passage with a reference flow rate supplied from the correction part and for determining an altitude condition of the vehicle based on the result of the comparison.

Abstract: An engine output control system incorporating two separate members that control engine output such as a throttle valve and fuel injection control, EGR control, secondary air control and/or spark advance control. A mechanism is provided for operating these members so that one of the speed control members (the throttle valve) is moved to its fully opened position before the operator controlled member is fully opened. Further power outputs are achieved by moving the other engine output controlling member to its extreme position so as to permit operation of lean burn at intermediate ranges without sacrificing maximum engine power output.

Abstract: An improved carburetor useful for reducing emissions of small gasoline powered engines commonly used to power lawnmowers and the like has a bypass air inlet and valve for venting amounts of fresh air into the fuel/air mixture to lean the mixture prior to combustion. The enleanment of the fuel/air mixture reduces carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions. The valve lags the engine load condition such that during a sudden high load condition (e.g. during acceleration) the valve remains momentarily closed to provide a rich fuel/air mixture. Likewise, during a sudden lightened load condition (e.g. during deceleration or shutoff) the valve remains momentarily open to provide a lean fuel/air mixture. Hence, emissions are reduced while engine performance and response are not compromised. In the preferred embodiment, a mechanical linkage connects the bypass air valve to the engine throttle. The lagging function is controlled by a mechanical or electrical damper.

Abstract: A carburetor metering system is provided comprising a fuel valve including a valve member movable with respect to a valve seat to vary the fuel flow, the valve member and the valve seat having substantially parallel inclined surfaces and which define therebetween a passage for the flow of fuel having a width corresponding to the distance apart of the surfaces and a length. A wick for use a carburetor metering system is also provided for absorbing liquid for vaporization into an air flow, comprising a cloth of woven strands and means for suspending said cloth in the air flow. There is also provided a spark plug for use in a fuel combustion system.

Abstract: An auxiliary combustion air supply arrangement for an internal combustion engine having a combustion air supercharger driven by an exhaust gas turbine. During time periods characterized by lack of sufficient exhaust gas energy, in order to increase the supply of air to the intake manifold of the engine, auxiliary combustion air is obtained directly from a compressed air tank and is supplied to the intake manifold via an appropriate control mechanism. A delay element as part of the fuel injection system is provided, whereby the control mechanism as well as the delay element are actuated by operation of a gas pedal, as a result of which the supply of auxiliary combustion air precedes the fuel injection, with injection of the full fuel injection quantity not being initiated until later.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of induction systems for internal combustion engines having plural combustion chambers with each being served by an intake passage having a respective throttle valve. First and second plenum chambers communicate with the intake passage through relatively long and relatively short conduits for improving low and high speed running. A pressure regulating chamber is also provided. This communicates with all of the intake passages between the throttle valve and the combustion chamber. A first control valve is provided in each of the communicating passageways for controlling the communication of the pressure regulating chamber with the intake passage. A second conduit interconnects the pressure regulating chamber only with one of the intake passages upstream of the throttle valve and a second control valve controls the flow through this conduit. Various control strategies and geometric relationships are disclosed.

Abstract: An auxiliary air amount control system for an internal combustion engine has an auxiliary air passage bypassing a throttle valve arranged within the intake pipe of the engine, and a control valve controlling the amount of auxiliary air supplied to the engine through the auxiliary air passage by varying the opening of the passage. The opening of the control valve is set in response to the opening of the throttle valve, and is decreased progressively from the set value as an initial value when the engine is in a predetermined decelerating condition. The set control valve opening is varied to a larger value as the reduction ratio assumed by a transmission connected to the engine is larger. The minimum value of the throttle valve opening at which the control valve opening can be set to a value larger than zero is varied to a smaller value as the reduction ratio is larger. The rate at which the control valve opening is progressively decreased is varied to a smaller value as the reduction ratio is larger.

Abstract: A primary passage and a secondary passage in a parallel relation to each other are disposed between an air cleaner and a branch passage collecting portion of an intake manifold. The primary passage is smaller in diameter than the secondary passage and has at the downstream end thereof a laval nozzle through which air flows at the speed of sound even under low-speed low-load engine operating conditions. The laval nozzle is connected to a carburetion chamber which is elongated straightly in the direction downstream of the laval nozzle. A fuel injection valve is disposed in the primary passage at a place upstream of the laval nozzle. A pressure control valve is adapted so that a vacuum higher than a predetermined value is developed in the carburetion chamber at any time. A primary throttle valve and a secondary throttle valve are interconnected so that the secondary throttle valve is held closed unless the primary throttle valve is fully open.

Abstract: A system for controlling the amount of intake air of an engine at cold engine operation. A control valve is provided in a bypass around a throttle valve of the engine. When the throttle valve is closed to a position near the throttle valve closed position, the control valve is held in an open state for a predetermined period, and thereafter the control valve is closed.

Abstract: An embodiment of an induction system for internal combustion engines that permits maximum power output while at the same time insuring good running at low speeds without loss in mid-range torque. Independent intake passages communicate with each chamber of the engine. A throttle valve arrangement is included that includes a first manually operated throttle valve positioned in a common portion of the intake passages, a second manually operated throttle valve that is positioned in the first intake passage between the first throttle valve and the chamber, and a third throttle valve positioned in the second intake passage between the first throttle valve and the chamber. A linkage system interconnects the first and second throttle valves so that the second throttle valve is opened at a predetermined degree of opening of the first throttle valve. The linkage causes the first and second throttle valves to reach their fully opened position simultaneously.

Abstract: An intake system for an internal combustion engine has a fuel injector disposed in an induction passage upstream of a pivotally mounted throttle plate having an idle position in which the throttle plate has upstream and downstream edge portions slightly spaced from the inner peripheral surface of the induction passage to define therewith narrow gaps for the passage of air and injected fuel particles. A bypass air passage is formed in the peripheral wall of the induction passage and has a downstream end open thereto to produce a jet of air directed toward the central zone of the downstream face of the throttle plate when in the idle position. The air jet is operative to compensate for the difference in pressure between a central space immediately downstream of the throttle plate and peripheral zones adjacent to the narrow gaps whereby whirling-up of air and fuel particles just downstream of the throttle plate and resultant formation of drops of liquid fuel can be prevented.

Abstract: An air introduction system of a fuel injection type engine, including a main passage and a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the main passage. Assist air is introduced to the surrounding of a top nozzle portion of the fuel injector so that the assist air acts on the fuel injected from the injector. A subpassage is connected to the main passage so as to supply the assist air. A main valve is disposed in the main passage and a subvalve is disposed in the subpassage. The main and subpassages are formed in a single throttle body.

Abstract: Several embodiments of induction systems for internal combustion engines which provide stratification with an open chamber thus eliminating the need for auxiliary chambers and obviating the need for employing fuel injection. In all embodiments, first and second intake passages communicate with the chamber and one of these intake passages delivers a substantially weaker mixture than the other. This weaker mixture is admitted during the initial intake stroke and a richer fuel/air mixture is admitted at the end of the intake stroke so as to insure the existence of a stoichiometric mixture at the spark plug at the time of firing.