Abstract: A supplemental fuel system includes a supplemental fuel tank, an electronic valve, a temperature sensor, and a controller. The supplemental fuel tank is configured to store a supplemental fuel configured to supplement a primary fuel used by an engine. The electronic valve is configured to be positioned between the supplemental fuel tank and an air supply system for the engine. The temperature sensor is configured to acquire temperature data regarding a temperature of the engine. The controller is configured to control the electronic valve such that the electronic valve is (i) closed to prevent the supplemental fuel from being provided to the air supply system in response to the temperature being less than a temperature threshold and (ii) open or openable to permit the supplemental fuel to be provided to the air supply system in response to the temperature being greater than the temperature threshold.

Abstract: A spark ignition type engine adjusts a base lower limit value of a valve opening degree of an ISC valve to avoid excessive engine rotation that may occur when an increase correction by atmospheric pressure is performed. When a detected engine temperature becomes lower, the base lower limit value of the ISC valve opening degree is increased to the fully open side, and the base lower limit value is corrected to increase to the fully open side with an increase correction value on the basis of a detected atmospheric pressure in an engine middle-high temperature range where the engine temperature exceeds a predetermined value, and the increase correction value is increased to the fully open side as the detected atmospheric pressure becomes lower, and the increase correction is prohibited in an engine low temperature range where the engine temperature is equal to or lower than the predetermined value.

Abstract: A method for controlling controlled-auto-ignition operation in an eternal combustion engine is described. The method includes the injection of air into a combustion cylinder at an appropriate time in the combustion cycle in response to measured conditions. The injection of air acts to alter the CAI-phasing, thus providing the ability to extend the CAI operation further into a vehicle speed/load range.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for suppressing a speed ripple occurring during an operation of an AC motor by using a torque compensator based on an activation function. The method includes the steps of calculating a speed error ?err based on a reference speed ?ref and an actual speed ?act; calculating a controller output Trm by using the speed error ?err as an input of a PI control and an operation of a compensated torque Tcom; and determining a torque variation based on the controller output Trm and a reference torque Tref and operating the torque variation in relation to an anti-windup gain Ka to use torque variation as an input of an integral (I) control. The method suppresses the speed ripple by compensating for the torque ripple through a controller which calculates the compensated torque by taking the signs of the speed error and the differential speed error into consideration.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are described for controlling an engine with a turbocharger in a vehicle. One example method comprises, under selected operating conditions, generating an oxidant rich component from engine intake air, storing the oxidant rich component, and during subsequent increased torque request, injecting an amount of the stored oxidant rich component to the engine.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are described for controlling an engine with a turbocharger in a vehicle. One example method comprises, under selected operating conditions, generating an oxidant rich component from engine intake air, storing the oxidant rich component of the intake air, and, under subsequent cold start conditions, injecting an amount of the stored oxidant rich component to the engine.

Abstract: In this invention, there is provided a method for reducing NOx emission from an internal combustion engine designed to produce a given amount of power and a method for improving fuel efficiency by providing an intake stream of oxygen-enriched air and keeping the amount of power output the same so that the combustion temperature in the engine is lower.

Abstract: A sliding hole is formed so that a screw portion can pass therethrough. Also, a seal member is provided at a portion, through which the screw portion placed in the sliding hole can pass and in which a sliding portion does not slide.

Abstract: A sliding hole is formed so that a screw portion can pass therethrough. Also, a seal member is provided at a portion, through which the screw portion placed in the sliding hole can pass and in which a sliding portion does not slide.

Abstract: A system for controlling a flow of intake air in a secondary intake air passage during a start-up period of an internal combustion engine. A main intake air passage extends to an intake port of the engine. A throttle valve is located in the main intake air passage. The secondary intake air passage connects to the main intake air passage at a position downstream of the throttle valve. The system includes a heater to heat a thermo-sensitive valve provided in the secondary intake air passage. A valve opening degree of the thermo-sensitive valve changes as the valve is heated by the heater. The system determines a duty ratio that controls a drive current supplied to the heater. The system supplies the drive current to the heater by applying a voltage pulse at a predetermined period. The voltage pulse has a pulse width determined by the duty ratio.

Abstract: A system for controlling a flow of intake air in a secondary intake air passage during a start-up period of an internal combustion engine. A main intake air passage extends to an intake port of the engine. A throttle valve is located in the main intake air passage. The secondary intake air passage connects to the main intake air passage at a position downstream of the throttle valve. The system includes a heater to heat a thermo-sensitive valve provided in the secondary intake air passage. A valve opening degree of the thermo-sensitive valve changes as the valve is heated by the heater. The system determines a duty ratio that controls a drive current supplied to the heater. The system supplies the drive current to the heater by applying a voltage pulse at a predetermined period. The voltage pulse has a pulse width determined by the duty ratio.

Abstract: A starting mechanism is provided for an internal combustion engine, and includes a diaphragm carburetor. A butterfly valve is disposed in the intake channel of the carburetor and has a pivot range into which at least one fuel nozzle opens. A starter valve is disposed in the intake channel upstream of a Venturi section thereof. A by-pass conduit is provided for additional air supply when the starter valve is closed, and branches off upstream thereof and opens out into a fuel/air mixture path downstream thereof. The control element determines the rate of air flow in the by-pass conduit, and is adjusted by a temperature sensor that is disposed directly on the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A starting mechanism is provided for an internal combustion engine, and includes a diaphragm carburetor. A butterfly valve is disposed in the intake channel of the carburetor and has a pivot range into which at least one fuel nozzle opens. A starter valve is disposed in the intake channel upstream of a Venturi section thereof. A by-pass conduit is provided for additional air supply when the starter valve is closed, and branches off upstream thereof and opens out into a fuel/air mixture path downstream thereof. The control element determines the rate of air flow in the by-pass conduit, and is adjusted by a temperature sensor that is disposed directly on the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The present invention improves the operation of an exhaust gas recirculation system having a recirculation combustion chamber or group of combustion chambers dedicated to supplying recirculated gas. Once a sensed engine load is within a predefined range, a controller advances fuel injection into the recirculation combustion chamber to reduce formation of particulates. The reduction in particulates reduces fouling of an exhaust gas recirculation system.

Abstract: An air and fuel system for carburetor and fuel injection engines that regulates the temperature of air and fuel that is mixed in the carburetor or fuel injector prior to introduction to the cylinders of the engine. A heater and associated filter located at the air intake side of the carburetor are activated by circulating heated fluid (coolant) contained within the engine cooling system. The coolant passes through the heater and an isolated chamber or conductor and the fuel line passes inside the coolant line within the heater surroundings so that air and fuel can be temperature regulated. Valves in the fuel line allow for proper mixture of air and fuel. A filter is sized to fit inside or outside the heater, and the heater and filter are encompassed by a cover to hold the components together.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for controlling air flow within an internal combustion engine comprising a secondary air passage. The secondary air passage system includes an air inlet channel directing air flow to the air assist valve and an air outlet channel directing air flow from the air assist valve. The air outlet channel communicates with a plurality of fuel injector tips which are disposed within the engine. An air bypass circuit is interposed between the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel to provide an alternate air channel which is independent of the air assist valve. An engine controller electronically communicates with the air assist valve for causing the air assist valve to vary between its open and closed modes.

Abstract: A firing system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine propagates combustion between cylinders by the use of a valve located between an outlet port of one chamber and an inlet port of a second cylinder.

Abstract: To inhibit an air pulsating sound resulting from the opening and closing of the air control valve in a cold engine and to improve controllability of ISC functions in an assist air supply apparatus. When an engine is cold based on a cooling water temperature sensor, opening control is performed so as to control the amount of supplied assist air by controlling the opening degree of an air control valve. When the engine is warming-up, injection synchronization control is performed, in which opening and closing of the air control valve are controlled in synchronization with fuel injection from the fuel injection valves. Therefore, it is possible to suppress air pulsating noise resulting from the opening and closing the air control valve when the engine is warming up and to improve controllability of ISC functions in an assist air supply apparatus.

Abstract: An assist air control system for an internal combustion engine introduces, via an assist air passage bypassing a throttle valve, a portion of intake air flowing in an intake pipe upstream of the throttle valve to an area where fuel is injected from a fuel injection valve, so as to facilitate atomization of the injected fuel. The assist air passage includes a flow control unit for opening and closing the assist air passage. The degree of opening of the assist air passage is limited to a value that is reduced as an engine temperature increases, while increased as an engine load increases. The opening degree of the flow control unit may be controlled electrically, mechanically, or both. In this case, the electrically controlled opening degree value is set smaller than the mechanically controlled opening degree value.

Abstract: An improved carburetor useful for reducing emissions of small gasoline powered engines commonly used to power lawnmowers and the like has a bypass air inlet and valve for venting amounts of fresh air into the fuel/air mixture to lean the mixture prior to combustion. The enleanment of the fuel/air mixture reduces carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions. The valve lags the engine load condition such that during a sudden high load condition (e.g. during acceleration) the valve remains momentarily closed to provide a rich fuel/air mixture. Likewise, during a sudden lightened load condition (e.g. during deceleration or shutoff) the valve remains momentarily open to provide a lean fuel/air mixture. Hence, emissions are reduced while engine performance and response are not compromised. In the preferred embodiment, a mechanical linkage connects the bypass air valve to the engine throttle. The lagging function is controlled by a mechanical or electrical damper.

Abstract: An apparatus supplies assist air toward an injection nozzle of a fuel injection valve of an internal combustion engine, to atomize an injected fuel. The apparatus starts and stops supplying the assist air according to engine operating conditions while correcting ignition timing or an engine intake air quantity, to thereby suppress fluctuations in engine output.

Abstract: A carburetor metering system is provided comprising a fuel valve including a valve member movable with respect to a valve seat to vary the fuel flow, the valve member and the valve seat having substantially parallel inclined surfaces and which define therebetween a passage for the flow of fuel having a width corresponding to the distance apart of the surfaces and a length. A wick for use a carburetor metering system is also provided for absorbing liquid for vaporization into an air flow, comprising a cloth of woven strands and means for suspending said cloth in the air flow. There is also provided a spark plug for use in a fuel combustion system.

Abstract: An intake system for an automobile engine with a manual transmission or an automatic transmission has a throttle valve disposed in an intake passage for distributing air into cylinders of the engine. A supplementary air distributor provided in association with the intake passage supplementarily distributes air into the intake passage between the throttle valve and engine. The supplementary air distributor is controlled by a controller to distribute different amount of supplementary air according to engine operating conditions. The controller is correctively controlled to vary the amount of supplementary air, by the supplementary air distributor according to atmospheric pressure for every distribution, so as to distribute a larger amount of supplementary air do an automobile engine with an automatic transmission than do an automobile engine with a manual transmission at the same atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: An auxiliary air control valve for engines wherein the valve has an intermediate peripheral portion enlarged to present a small gap to the valve seat port, and the front side of the intermediate peripheral portion and the rear side thereof formed to have slant surfaces so as to be diametrically and gradually reduced so that when the cooling water is at a low temperature, the front slant surface is positioned at the valve seat port, when the cooling water is at an intermediate temperature, the intermediate peripheral portion is positioned at the valve seat port, and when the cooling water is at a high temperature, the rear slant surface is positioned at the valve seat port, thereby being capable of controlling the quantity of intake air through the bypass passage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the air intake rate of an internal combustion engine, which internal combustion engine includes a deceleration control system responsive to actuation of an idle switch during deceleration for bypassing an intake throttle valve and feeding bypass air into the engine. The control device actuates the deceleration control system only when (1) the cooling water temperature of the engine is greater than or equal to a predetermined water temperature, (2) the engine is decelerating, (3) the engine speed is less than or equal to an actuation speed associated with the deceleration control system, and (4) the engine speed is changing at a rate which is greater than or equal to an actuation differential change rate associated with the deceleration control system.

Abstract: An operation control system for internal combustion engines at and after starting has an engine temperature sensor, a control valve for controlling the amount of intake air to be supplied to the engine, and a valve opening determining device responsive to an output from the engine temperature sensor for determining the opening of the control valve. The valve opening determining device sets the opening of the control valve at the start of the engine to a value such that the intake air amount is smaller as the engine temperature is lower. A fuel amount determining device is responsive to the output from the engine temperature sensor for determining the amount of fuel to be supplied to the engine at starting. A correction value determining device is responsive to the opening of a throttle valve of the engine for determining a correction value for the fuel amount in such a manner as to increase the fuel amount at a larger rate as the throttle opening is larger.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying an air-fuel mixture through a collecting passage of an intake manifold to a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. The flow of the air-fuel mixture from the intake passageway of a throttle body is discharged transversely into the collecting passageway so that the mixture strikes a region on a side surface of the collecting passageway. Also provided is an arrangement for supplying an auxiliary air stream into the collecting passageway from a location across the striking region from the engine cylinder, which arrangement directs the auxiliary air toward the center of the striking region.

Abstract: A flow rate control system for controlling the idling rpm of an engine of a vehicle to a predetermined level in accordance with the temperature of cooling water or outdoor air, so as to eliminate hunting occurring in the flow rate of air supplied to the engine at engine startup the system includes a first valve seat, adapted to come into and out of engagement with a first valve body of a flow rate control valve assembly, and an annular protrusion located on a portion of an inner peripheral surface on an inlet side of the first valve seat. A conical surface portion is located downstream of the annular protrusion on an outlet side of the inner peripheral surface and divergingly tapers in a direction toward a downstream side of the first valve seat.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control method which controls the amount of the intake side secondary air in accordance with either the engine temperature or both of the engine temperature and the intake air temperature upon the engine re-start under a high engine temperature, thereby avoiding enrichment of the intake air-fuel ratio even at the occurrence of the percolation phenomenon and to improve the engine-start property. Furthermore, the amount of the intake side secondary air is controlled until the start of the air-fuel ratio feedback control to accomplish improvement in the purification of the exhaust gases and in the stability of the engine speed at an idle state.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for controlling the revolution speed of an engine, suitable for use in an automobile having an automatic transmission. Flow rate of auxiliary intake air by-passing a throttle valve is controlled by an auxiliary air control valve, the opening period of which is incremented in response to a signal which represents the state of the automatic transmission shifted from neutral range to a power range so as to avoid any reduction in the engine speed or the engine stall. The valve open time is controlled as a function of the engine cooling water temperature.

Abstract: An auxiliary air control valve for an engine, comprising a valve casing which has an air inlet port and an air outlet port, and a valve seat having a valve port of prescribed diameter; a valve element which is disposed in the face of the valve seat to control the cross-sectional area of the internal air passage and has a movably tapered portion fitted in the valve port to control the cross-sectional area of the internal air passage depending on the positional relation between the valve element and the valve seat, and a cylindrical portion provided next to the maximum-diameter part of the tapered portion and moved in the valve port to make the cross-sectional area of the internal air passage minimum and allow an actuator to be moved to an extreme position while the cross-sectional area is kept minimum; a spring which urges the valve element in such a direction as to open the valve; and the actuator for moving the valve element against the force of the spring, depending on at least one operational parameter of

Abstract: A cold-engine operation detector is provided for producing a cold-engine signal when engine temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature, and an idle engine speed detector is provided. A dead zone for input of engine speed with respect to desired engine speed in accordance with engine temperature is stored in a memory. Width of the dead zone is provided to increase with decrease of engine temperature. A range of the dead zone in accordance with engine temperature is derived from the memory. When actual engine speed is out of a derived range of the dead zone, an actuator provided in an idle speed control system is operated for controlling the actual engine speed to the desired engine speed.

Abstract: An engine has a bypass around a throttle valve and a solenoid operated idle speed control valve provided in the bypass. The control valve is driven by driving pulses duty ratio of which is dependent on a coolant temperature and an old learning correction value. Temperature of a solenoid of the control valve is converted to voltage. A map is provided for storing normal temperature duty ratios, one of which is derived from the map in dependence on duty ratio of the driving pulses and the voltage. Difference between the duty ratio of the driving pulses and the derived normal temperature duty ratio is stored in a memory. When an ignition switch is turned off, the difference is added to the old learning correction value to produce a new learning correction value. The new learning correction value is used for a subsequent engine operation instead of the old learning correction value.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation method which controls the valve opening of an exhaust gas recirculating valve to values appropriate to operating conditions of an automotive vehicle and an internal combustion engine installed therein, to thereby regulate the amount of exhaust gas recirculated from an exhaust passage to an intake passage in the engine. It is determined whether the vehicle is in a predetermined starting condition, and the valve opening of the exhaust gas recirculating valve is set to a first value when the vehicle is not in the predetermined starting condition, otherwise to a second value smaller than the first value. Preferably, the determination of whether the vehicle is in the predetermined starting condition is made based on the rotational speed of the engine and the speed of the vehicle.

Abstract: A fuel-injection control system for an internal combustion engine capable of ensuring the stable and proper backup operation of the engine in case of a failure of an intake-air sensor without suffering from any substantial influence from the amount of intake air flowing through a bypass conduit which bypasses a part of intake air in an intake passage across a throttle valve.

Abstract: A secondary air control device for an internal combustion engine wherein the secondary air is introduced into the engine intake downstream of the carburetor in response to sudden increases in vacuum, such as upon rapid deceleration of the vehicle and in turn the engine. The device includes detectors and a circuit for controlling the operation of the secondary air control valve which prevent opening of the valve if both the engine temperature is too low and the vehicle transmission is in neutral.

Abstract: An idle revolution control device includes a water temperature sensor, a filter means and a control means which is constituted with a central processing unit and an interface connecting the water temperature sensor and the central processing unit. The filter means functions to provide a time constant which provide a high response speed for a temperature variation toward a high temperature side and a low response speed for a temperature variation toward a low temperature side and to pass an output signal of the water temperature sensor with such time constant a predetermined time after an engine starts.

Abstract: A bypass is provided around a throttle valve of an engine, and a solenoid operated on-off control valve provided in the bypass so as to control flow of intake air. When the engine is accelerated in the coasting of a vehicle, an acceleration signal is produced. In response to the acceleration signal, a driving pulse train is fed to the control valve so as to reduce the intake air flow in dependence on coolant temperature of the engine by the coolant temperature.

Abstract: In an intake system having a bypass passage for introducing auxiliary air to the engine, a base amount of auxiliary air is first determined according to the engine operating condition. A target idling speed is calculated according to the engine temperature and the engine load and the target idling speed is compared with the actual engine speed. The base amount of auxiliary air is corrected according to the difference between the target idling speed and the actual engine speed, thereby obtaining a final target amount of auxiliary air. The control amount of the control valve is determined according to the final target amount of auxiliary air referring the final target amount of auxiliary air to the output characteristics of the control valve. Then the control valve is driven on the basis of the control amount.

Abstract: An air intake side secondary air supply system for an internal combustion engine having an air intake side secondary air supply passage and an O.sub.2 sensor controls a duty ratio of opening and closing of an open/close valve disposed in the air intake side secondary air supply passage in accordance with a detected air-fuel ratio of mixture by means of an output signal of the O.sub.2 sensor. The system sets a base valve open period of the open/close valve every predetermined period and decreases the base valve open period by a first predetermined correction amount when the detected air-fuel ratio is leaner than a target air-fuel ratio, and increases the base valve open period by a second predetermined correction amount when the detected air-fuel ratio is richer than the target air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: An idling speed control device in an internal combustion engine comprising an idling speed control valve arranged in a bypass bypassing the throttle valve of the engine. The valve is fully opened at the start of the engine and closed to a controlled rate when the revolutional speed of the engine reaches a reference rotational value. At least two reference rotational values are provided depending upon a temperature; one of which is a higher value for the considerably high temperature, and the other is a low value for a normal temperature.

Abstract: A system for controlling the amount of intake air of an engine at cold engine operation. A control valve is provided in a bypass around a throttle valve of the engine. The opening degree of the control valve is determined by the opening degree of the throttle valve. When the throttle valve is closed to a position near a throttle valve closed position, the control valve is gradually closed.

Abstract: Air intake side secondary air supply system for an internal combustion engine includes first and second secondary air supply passages leading to an intake manifold in which an open/close valve and an air control valve are respectively provided for a proportional control and an integral control of secondary air. In order to improve a driveability of the engine when no load is applied to the engine when the engine temperature is low, the air control valve is supplied with a pressure for rapidly closing the second air intake side secondary air supply passage so as to stop at least the integral control of the feedback control of air/fuel ratio immediately when a no-load condition is detected during a cold operation of the engine.

Abstract: The so called air intake side secondary air supply system for an internal combustion engine having a choke valve in an intake air passage supplies an air intake side secondary air into the intake air passage so that the air-fuel ratio is feedback controlled. During a period of cold operation of the engine in which the choke valve is actuated to close the intake air passage, the supply of the air intake side secondary air is stopped to enrich the air-fuel ratio upon detection of a no-load operating condition of the engine such as in the case where clutch is disengaged or in the case where the shift position of the transmission is the neutral position or the parking position.

Abstract: An air intake side secondary air supply system for an internal combustion engine equipped with an automatic choke valve and a fast idle system is provided with a detection means for detecting an operating condition of the engine in which the fast idle system is operated to open the throttle valve. The supply of the secondary air for the feedback control is stopped when a detection signal is produced by the detection means so that the feedback control of the air-fuel ratio is suspended when the throttle valve is opened by means of the fast idle system while the choke valve may be substantially closed. Thus, a hunting of the engine speed which might have occured after the start of the feedback control is prevented.

Abstract: A bypass passage bypassing a throttle valve and communicating a portion upstream of the throttle valve with a portion downstream of the throttle valve is blocked when an engine speed is increased to the upper limit value or more of a predetermined range or the bypass passage is opened when the engine speed is decreased to the lower limit value or less of the predetermined range, whereby the engine speed during idling is controlled to a value within the predetermined range. An idle speed is stabilized by opening the bypass passage immediately after the start and during warm-up process, where the engine speed is particularly instable during idling. Furthermore, the period of time of opening or blocking the bypass passage is shortened in accordance with the increase in a difference between the upper or lower limit of the predetermined range and the engine speed, whereby the engine speed is controlled so as to be quickly to a value within the predetermined range.

Abstract: An intake air amount control apparatus of an internal combustion engine controls an air control valve provided at a by-path formed with respect to a throttle valve which is provided in an intake air path of the engine. When the open-loop control mode of the engine is set, the apparatus determines which of the feedback loop and the open-loop control mode has been performed. When it is found that the feedback loop control mode has been switched to the open-loop control mode, a control amount corresponding to a current cooling water temperature of the engine is read out from a preset map, thus preparing for the following open-loop control. Simultaneously, a control amount in the previous feedback control mode is read out, and a current open-loop control amount is calculated by adding a compensation value to the thus read-out control amount. When it is determined that the open-loop control mode is continuously performed, a control amount corresponding to the current cooling water temperature is read from the map.

Abstract: An intake air flow rate control method and system for an internal combustion engine includes an open loop control strategy carried out during unstable engine driving conditions. During open loop control, a pulse signal applied to an air flow rate control valve means is determined both as a function of open loop ratio and feedback ratio. The duty cycle of the pulse signal for open loop control is varied corresponding to engine coolant temperature as well as engine load condition. Thus, upon switching control operation from open loop control to feedback control, varying of pulse duty cycle to be applied to the valve means occurs smoothly. Further, in open loop control, the control system smoothly follows variations in engine load conditions.

Abstract: In an air flow control apparatus for controlling an amount of air flow under control of a throttle valve in an engine, a sensor produces a first signal indicative of engine operation, and another sensor produces a second signal indicative of the atmospheric pressure. A microcomputer determines whether or not the first signal indicates an idling condition of the engine. If so, the microcomputer calculates, in dependence upon the first signal, a first parameter indicative of an amount of the air flow necessary for maintaining a desired idling condition of the engine. If not, the microcomputer calculates, in dependence upon the first signal, a second parameter indicative of an amount of the air flow related to loaded condition of the engine.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for controlling the revolution speed of an engine, suitable for use in an automobile having an automatic transmission. Flow rate of auxiliary intake air by-passing a throttle valve is controlled by an auxiliary air control valve, the opening period of which is incremented in response to a signal which represents the state of the automatic transmission shifted from neutral range to a power range so as to avoid any reduction in the engine speed or the engine stall. The valve open time is controlled as a function of the engine cooling water temperature.