Abstract: An exhaust valve assembly of an internal combustion engine selectively covers an exhaust manifold circumferentially located about a top wall of a cylinder without interfering with segments of a piston. The exhaust valve assembly includes a ring-shaped portion of a cylinder lining which is configured to selectively obstruct air from escaping radially from the top of the cylinder. An intake valve assembly is provided on a cylinder head and has a ring or washer shape. The timing of both valves is facilitated by a single spring and induction and exhaust gear-like planar timing bearings. The valving and timing arrangement facilitate the flexibility of the design of a combustion chamber.

Abstract: A valve assembly includes a block with a chamber formed therein and a port for accessing the chamber. A fluid inlet passage and a fluid exhaust passage are formed through the block and communicate with the port. A main valve includes a head which is reciprocated into and out of engagement with a lower valve seat formed on a portion of the port. An auxiliary valve includes a head which is reciprocated through the port between a first position below the port and a second position above the port. A hollow cylindrical valve includes a central passage therethrough for fluid flow, and is disposed for reciprocating movement into and out of engagement with an upper valve seat formed on a portion of the port, the cylindrical valve closing the inlet passage when moved to the engaged position. The cylindrical valve passage is in communication with the exhaust passage throughout its movement.

Abstract: Internal combustion engines with a cylindrical working chamber (1) in which there slides a piston (3), and which is closed by a cylinder head (4) with a device (5) for injecting atomized liquid fuel under high pressure and operating on the two-stroke cycle with a loop-scavenging system across the cylinder head, with two axisymmetric valves with coincident axes, one of these, an external, inlet valve (7) interacting with a seat (15) in the cylinder head and the other, an exhaust valve (6), exhibiting a tubular shape with a bearing surface applied against a seat (16) formed at the lower part of the inlet valve (7), the inlet valve opening towards the working chamber and the exhaust valve opening in the opposite direction, in order to delimit an exhaust passage (8) between them, the injection device (5) emerging in the working chamber substantially at the centre of a central hub (21) borne by the cylinder head and about which the exhaust valve (6) slides.

Abstract: A two piece intake or exhaust valve for internal combustion engines comprising an inner and an outer valve which can be designed with orbicular heads. The inner valve including a stem of a smaller outside diameter than the outer valve. The outer valve including a hollow stem large enough to accept the inner valve, and also including a valve seat in the center of its bottom face to seat the inner valve. The head, or base, being equipped with one or more vents which communicate between the intake port and the combustion chamber and being releasably opened and sealed off by the inner valve. The vented valve unit incorporating an independent actuation means by way of pressure differentials created by the induction cycle, and/or directional inertia factors of the mechanically controlled valve element.

Abstract: An internal-combustion-engine cylinder head has a concentric, annular passages to admit an intake charge into a combustion chamber and to remove combustion product exhaust gasses. Each of these passages is isolated from the combustion chamber by the closure of concentric ring valves coaxial with the engine cylinder. Mechanical devices are provided to actuate the valves according to the timing of an engine camshaft. The actuating mechanisms comprise multiple valve stems, concentric operating plates, fork-shaped actuators, and connecting devices.

Abstract: A concentric valve includes a first cylindrical housing and a concentric second cylindrical housing, with the second cylindrical housing defining an internal combustion intake valve mounted within an associated overhead valve assembly. An exhaust valve is mounted concentrically of the second housing, wherein the first housing directs intake flow through the intake valve and the exhaust valve directing flow coaxially of the first and second cylindrical housing through an annular array of windows in the first cylindrical housing to direct exhaust flow exteriorly thereof.

Abstract: A double poppet valve apparatus is mounted in a combustion chamber wall. A port is formed in the wall. A first valve member is mounted in the port. A second valve member is concentrically mounted within the first valve member. One or more resilient members are provided for urging each of the valve members into respective seated positions. The first valve member is moved in a first direction and the second valve member is moved in a second direction opposite the first direction. The valve movement is effected by a cam operably engaged with a pair of rocker arms each of which is associated with one of the valve members.

Abstract: An improved gasoline engine using a spark plug and a spark plug wire is disclosed. The improved gasoline engine includes a cylinder having a cylinder wall and an upper end, a piston movably disposed within the cylinder, a gasoline injector for supplying the gasoline charge into the cylinder, a single tube exhaust valve movably mounted to the cylinder, a single overhead camshaft having duel exhaust cams for the cylinder with each exhaust cam having duel exhaust lobes, and a plurality of port holes contained in the cylinder around the cylinder wall in a ring-like fashion.

Abstract: An intake and exhaust valve system deployed in an internal combustion engine that improves available charge flow through the engine, provides improved charge turbulence and swirl of charge during each intake stroke for better mixture, provides for multiple independent fuel mixing at the cylinder, allows the use of concentric intake and exhaust valves also providing for balanced charge entry exit symmetry. The intake and exhaust valve system includes using a plurality of three or more concentric valve assemblies per cylinder, each intake valve being mounted within a hollow exhaust valve, the multiple intake and exhaust valves providing optimum flow area entering and exiting the cylinder. Three or more charge passage openings per cylinder strategically disposed enhances the uniform distribution of charge per unit time. Utilization of the present invention greatly increases the fuel efficiency of the engine, reduces emission pollution without sacrificing engine horsepower.

Abstract: An inlet and exhaust valve in internal combustion engines is described in the form of a vessel, designed with a large through cavity in its interior. The valve has two guiderods (8, 9) and two seating zones (1, 2), one on its internal side in which a conventional valve is fitted, and the other (1) on its external side where it itself fits onto the cylinder head. The design of this valve allows it to have a large dimension and from which it adjusts on its inside, factors which result in an increase in the combustibility of the gases, improving the efficiency of the engine. This improvement brings with it in addition a reduction in the emission of pollutant gases.

Abstract: A two part intake or exhaust valve comprising an inner and an outer valve, both circular in shape, with the inner valve having a longer stem of a smaller radius to extend above the outer valve. The outer valve has a hollow stem large enough to accept the inner valve, also a valve seat in the center of its bottom face to seat the inner valve, and the top side of its base is equipped with vents. Both valves have separate springs of appropriate size affixed under valve spring retainers and retainers locked in place with retainer locks. The inner valve is equipped with a groove under the retainer to accept a heavy clip or stop disc. The purpose of this valve mechanism is to create a two stage event when atmosphere enters or exits a combustion chamber. This will allow more atmosphere to enter or exit the combustion chamber than is possible with a single valve arrangement.

Abstract: A combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine includes a co-axial valve mechanism with a hemispherically concave exhaust valve disk actuated by a single overhead camshaft. A piston face is provided including an offset shallow bowl for accommodating the spark gap of a spark plug when the piston is at top dead center and at least one groove situated at least partially about the shallow bowl. The co-axial valve mechanism and piston face configuration results in more complete combustion and greater power development.

Abstract: An intake or exhaust valve assembly for use in a four cycle internal combustion engine including a primary poppet valve, said primary poppet valve having at least one aperture disposed through its valve body and a secondary poppet valve body mounted to seal when engaged to the primary valve body, said secondary valve body having at least one aperture and a biasing means for moving the secondary valve body away from the primary valve body during the initial opening process when the primary valve is accelerating to its opened position. In the closed position of an intake port, the primary valve apertures are not aligned with the secondary valve apertures thus forming a sealed closure across the port. During the opening process of the intake cycle the biasing means moves the secondary valve body away from the primary valve body, thereby permitting intake charge to flow through the apertures disposed in the primary and the secondary valve bodies.

Abstract: A four-stroke piston engine in which air is drawn into a cylinder while rotary motion about the cylinder axis is imparted to the air. Fuel may be blown/injected into the air during its rotation in the cylinder while the fuel supply is located on the axis of the cylinder and supplies at least one jet of fuel initially directed radially outwardly and which jet of fuel in cooperation with the rotating air forms at least one helical stream of mixture within the cylinder, preferably during the compression stroke, which is transformed into a coherent mixture zone enclosed by a ring of air upon completion of compression. The piston may have a recess so that when the piston approaches top dead center an enriched zone is formed in the lower region of the compression space which can be ignited by electrodes disposed in said lower region of the compression space.

Abstract: Combustion engine having a cylinder and a piston movable therein and having a spark plug for igniting the combustible fuel. Three valves are concentricly located coaxially with the spark plug for separately controlling the flow of incoming fresh air to the cylinder and the flow of the fuel mixture to the cylinder and the flow of the exhaust gases from the cylinder. The engine presents the necessary valve seat for the exhaust valve, and the other two valves are also provided with valve seats, and springs urge each of the valves toward their respective seated positions. Also, push rods and rocker arms are arranged for opening the valves, as required. The entire arrangement provides for introducing a layer of clean air next to the cylinder wall and then introducing the fuel mixture into the center of the cylinder and adjacent the spark plug. Upon firing, the flame is primarily confined by the boundary of fresh air, and the flame is thus away from the cylinder wall.

Abstract: A four-stroke piston engine in which air is drawn into a cylinder while rotary motion about the cylinder axis is imparted to the air. Fuel may be blown/injected into the air during its rotation in the cylinder while the fuel supply is located on the axis of the cylinder and supplies at least one jet of fuel directed radially outwardly and which jet of fuel in cooperation with the rotating air forms at least one helical stream of mixture within the cylinder, preferably during the compression stroke, which is transformed into a coherent mixture zone enclosed by a ring of air upon completion of compression. The piston may have a recess when the piston approaches top dead center so that an enriched zone is formed in the lower region of the compression space which can be ignited by electrodes disposed in said lower region of the compression space.

Abstract: A four-stroke piston engine in which air or a fuel-air mixture is drawn into a cylinder. Fuel may be injected into the air in the cylinder while a further fuel supply is located on the axis of the cylinder and supplies at least one jet of fuel during the compression stroke, which jet of fuel in cooperation with the fuel-air mixture forms at least one zone of enriched mixture within the cylinder. The piston may have a recess in the upper end into which the nozzle carrier is partially received when the piston approaches top dead center. An ignitable mixture is formed in the recess or in the region of said recess which can be ignited by electrodes disposed adjacent the further fuel supply.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having an annular port and valve arranged to direct flow from dual inner and outer portions of the port in cylinder flow patterns having radially oppositely directed flow components. Various embodiments providing cylinder charge stratification or dual inlet and exhaust valve functions are disclosed.

Abstract: A four-stroke piston engine in which air or a fuel-air mixture is drawn into a cylinder. Fuel may be injected into the air flowing into or already present in the cylinder while a further fuel supply is located on the axis of the cylinder and supplies at least one jet of fuel during the compression stroke, which jet of fuel in cooperation with the fuel-air mixture forms at least one zone of enriched mixture within the cylinder. The piston may have a recess in the upper end into which the fuel nozzle is received when the piston approaches top dead center so that an enriched zone is formed in the recess or in the region of said recess which can be ignited by electrodes disposed adjacent the further fuel supply.

Abstract: A four-stroke piston engine in which air is drawn into a cylinder while rotary motion about the cylinder axis is imparted to the air. Fuel may be blown/injected into the air during its rotation in the cylinder while the fuel supply is located on the axis of the cylinder and supplies at least one jet of fuel directed radially outwardly and which jet of fuel in cooperation with the rotating air forms at least one helical stream of mixture within the cylinder, preferably during the compression stroke, which is transformed into a coherent mixture zone enclosed by a ring of air upon completion of compression. The piston may have a recess in the upper end into which the fuel nozzle is received when the piston approaches top dead center so that an enriched region is formed in the recess which can be ignited by electrodes disposed adjacent the recess.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a cylinder bore providing a combustion chamber, and a piston located in the cylinder bore. A head mounted on the cylinder has concentric intake and exhaust valves operable to control the flow of gas into and out of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: The intake valve mechanism employs a back-flow valve to prevent undesirable back-flow of gases from a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine out an intake port of the chamber during a period of time in which a poppet valve for the intake port of the chamber is open. The back-flow valve is positioned between an intake port valve seat and the intake port poppet valve for blocking the intake port in response to pressure in the combustion chamber. To minimize air-fuel resistance through the intake port, a spring is employed for continuously biasing the back-flow valve to track the movement of the poppet valve, the spring having sufficient strength to prevent the back-flow valve from blocking the intake port when the poppet valve is open until the pressure in the combustion chamber reaches a predetermined value.