Abstract: A metering system for a fuel atomizer includes a housing having a fuel inlet and an oxidizer inlet arranged coaxially, and an oxidizer metering device having a plurality of oxidizer channels, an oxidizer flow controller, and a fuel metering device. The oxidizer channels are spaced apart circumferentially in the housing and are arranged angled in at least one of a radially inward direction and a tangential direction to create a swirl of oxidizer flow in a mixing chamber of the fuel atomizer. The oxidizer flow controller is configured to control flow of oxidizer from the oxidizer inlet to the plurality of oxidizer channels. The fuel metering device is configured to control fuel flow from the fuel inlet to the mixing chamber.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns variable valve timing of a four-stroke ICE. The ICE comprises: an exhaust valve and an intake valve an exhaust camshaft an intake camshaft and a cylinder arrangement. The cylinder arrangement comprises a combustion chamber a cylinder bore and a piston. The control arrangement is configured to: perform a first sequence of changes in the timings of the exhaust and intake camshafts in order to arrive from a first camshaft timing setting at a second camshaft timing setting based on a first current maximum cylinder pressure within the combustion chamber around top dead centre fire and/or around to dead centre gas exchange.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cylinder valve assembly (19) comprising a pneumatic valve spring arrangement (25) including a first (29) and a second (31) valve spring member defining a valve spring cavity (33), and a valve spring venting arrangement (27) comprising a first venting cavity portion (37) in fluid flow connection with the valve spring cavity (33); a second venting cavity portion (39); a movable sealing member (41) arranged to allow a pressure difference between the first venting cavity portion (37) and the second venting cavity portion (39); a feedback channel fluid flow connecting the first venting cavity portion (37) and the second venting cavity portion (39); and a venting channel (53).

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for re-combustion of exhaust in a cylinder of a multi-cylinder engine in order to increase the temperature of the exhaust for enhancing catalytic conversion within the multi-cylinder engine. In one example, a method may include expelling combusted gases from the cylinder into an intake manifold via an intake valve during an exhaust stroke, in order to rebreathe in the combusted gases from the intake manifold via the intake valve in a subsequent intake stroke.

Abstract: A radio sensor module for detecting material containers in a storage or transport system includes a transmission device for the wireless transmission of signals. The radio sensor module has a holder and a rocker pivotably mounted therein. A sensor for detecting a position of the rocker and the transmission device are arranged in the rocker.

Abstract: A drive circuit for operating a solenoid includes a main switch and a charge pump circuit. The main switch is coupled in series with a coil of the solenoid. The main switch is configured to selectively enable current flow from a voltage source according to a main switching signal to translate a poppet of the solenoid between an opened position and a closed position. The charge pump circuit is coupled to the voltage source. The charge pump circuit is configured to discharge through the coil to translate the poppet from the closed position to the opened position, and to charge when the poppet is held in the opened position.

Abstract: A steering column assembly includes a jacket assembly. The steering column assembly also includes a transmission shift assembly operatively connected to the jacket assembly. The steering column assembly further includes a brake transmission shift interlock (BTSI) device comprising an inhibitor pin translatable between an extended position and a retracted position, the inhibitor pin preventing shifting of the transmission shift assembly out of a PARK position when the inhibitor pin is in the extended position. The steering column assembly yet further includes an inhibitor pin monitoring system. The inhibitor pin monitoring system includes a sensor operatively coupled to a stationary portion of the BTSI device, relative to the inhibitor pin. The inhibitor pin monitoring system also includes a magnetic ring operatively fixed coupled to the inhibitor pin, the sensor detecting when the inhibitor pin is in the extended position.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve actuator (100) and method of control thereof. The electromagnetic valve actuator is for at least one valve (300) of an internal combustion engine (40), the electromagnetic valve actuator comprising: a rotor (102); a stator (101) for rotating the rotor; output means (104, 106) for actuating the valve in dependence on rotation of the rotor; mechanical energy storage means (108, 110, 116, 118) arranged to store energy in dependence on rotation of the rotor and release the energy to assist rotation of the rotor; and phase varying means (400) for varying a phase between the mechanical energy storage means and the output means.

Abstract: A valve timing adjusting device adjusts an opening/closing timing of a first valve driven by a rotation of a first camshaft and an opening/closing timing of a second valve driven by a rotation of a second camshaft. The valve timing adjusting device includes a first driving circuit controlling a first motor configured to generate a torque to shift a rotation phase of the first camshaft and a second driving circuit controlling a second motor configured to generate a torque to shift a rotation phase of the second camshaft. A first switching element of the first driving circuit operates at a switching frequency that is different from that of a second switching element of the second driving circuit.

Abstract: Methods and systems for increasing exhaust gas temperatures of an engine are described. In one example, engine exhaust gas temperatures may be increased via deactivating cylinders and flowing exhaust gases through deactivated cylinder. Engine pumping losses may be reduced via the exhaust gases that flow through the deactivated cylinder so as to reduce engine fuel consumption while heating an exhaust gas after treatment device.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an internal combustion engine involving (1) cylinder trapping strategies where one of several pneumatic spring types are dynamically selected for cylinders based at least partially on a predicted number of upcoming skips for each of the cylinders respectively and/or (2) staggering various valvetrain dependent operational engine strategies as operating conditions permit as the internal combustion engine warms up following a cold start.

Abstract: An electric actuator includes a motor which has a rotor having a motor shaft and a stator, a motor case for housing the motor, and a deceleration mechanism coupled to the motor shaft. The motor case has a case cylinder portion and a lid. The lid has a top plate portion, an outer cylinder portion, an inner cylinder portion, an annular groove portion, and an annular seal member. An axial length of the outer cylinder portion is larger than an axial length of the inner cylinder portion. An inner diameter of the annular seal member is smaller than an outer diameter of the inner cylinder portion in a state that the annular seal member is removed from the lid. The annular seal member is housed in the annular groove portion in a state of being in contact with an outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder portion.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for controlling and monitoring intake and exhaust poppet valves of an internal combustion engine. In one example, the methods and system include feedback control that estimates intake and exhaust valve timing based on output of an in cylinder pressure sensor. In another example, the methods and system include compensation for feedforward control of intake and exhaust valves based on output of the in cylinder pressure sensor.

Abstract: An electromagnetic braking system and control method, with the system having a CCU, a braking cylinder, a push rod, an electromagnetic braking ring, an electromagnetic braking piston fixed to the push rod, a first shading plate and a second shading plate, a photoelectric sensor fixed near the push rod, and an electromagnetic braking control circuit, and the control method including following the steps: initial estimating of the braking distance (l) according to the current magnitude, electromagnetic force between the two electromagnetic coils and initial velocity (v) of the push rod, arranging a restoration distance (?l) between the top dead center and the piston after braking, installing two shading plates and the photoelectric sensor; and setting the distance between the two electromagnetic coils to when the starts braking.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method and a device for electrically controlling a valve actuator in a two-stroke or four-stroke combustion engine where the actuator comprises a solenoid (A), a plunger (5) and a spring (6), wherein the engine has at least one cylinder (1) with at least one freely controllable engine valve disc (10) with corresponding valve stem (11) and a valve spring (4), where a distance (7) is provided between the lower end of the plunger and the upper end of the valve stem and where air is supplied, or exhaust gases are evacuated from, a combustion chamber (3) past a lower part of the valve stem with the valve disc via at least one channel (2) in the cylinder, wherein the valve actuator is activatable to open the engine valve. The invention is characterized in that the opening of the engine valve is initiated after activation of the solenoid, wherein the following acceleration of the plunger brings its lower end to strike the upper end of the valve stem for initial opening of the valve.

Abstract: A camless valve control system for an internal combustion engine in disclosed. The system includes a hydraulic distributor, having a rotating distributor shaft timed to the operation of the engine, the rotating distributor shaft comprising an internal flow dividing plug channeling an internal hydraulic flow to first and second portions of the rotating distributor shaft; an opening control ring oriented coaxially with the rotating distributor shaft with at least one hole configured to cyclically align with the rotating distributor shaft and provide opening hydraulic control to open a controlled valve, and a closing control ring oriented coaxially with the rotating distributor shaft with at least one hole configured to cyclically align with the rotating distributor shaft and provide closing hydraulic control to close the controlled valve.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for adjusting engine cranking. In one example, a method for an engine cold start may include extending engine cranking at least based on one or more engine cold start conditions, where extending engine cranking may increase an engine oil pressure in a plurality of camshaft phaser cavities of a variable camshaft timing (VCT) phaser. In some examples, the method may further include, after engine cranking, enabling fueling. In this way, fuel efficiency considerations may be balanced with increases to the engine oil pressure such that components of the VCT phaser may be actuated and/or lubricated.

Abstract: A metering valve has a closing member and a valve seat. The closing member is movable between a closed position on the valve seat sealing a material outlet, and an open position raised above the valve seat leaving the outlet clear. An actuating element rigidly connected to the closing member is arranged between first and second piezo-actuators at a distance from the first piezo-actuator in the closed position less than the maximum length change of the first piezo-actuator, or lies loosely thereon and at a distance from the second piezo-actuator longer than the maximum length change of the first piezo-actuator. The actuating element in the open position is arranged at a distance from the second piezo-actuator less than the maximum length change of the second piezo-actuator, or lies loosely thereon and at a distance from the first piezo-actuator greater than the maximum length change of the second piezo-actuator.

Abstract: A method (30) of protecting an internal combustion engine (12) of a vehicle (10) from damage by induction of liquid, the method (30) comprising: detecting (31) liquid in a gas induction system (11) to the engine (12); and causing (32) valve control means (44) to at least perform one or both of the following: inhibiting gas intake into a combustion chamber (47) of the engine (12) during a gas intake stage (50) of a combustion cycle of the combustion chamber (47); causing gas exhaust from a combustion chamber (47) of the engine (12) during a gas compression stage (51) of the combustion cycle of the combustion chamber (47), wherein the valve control means (44) comprises at least one of a hydraulic circuit or an electromagnetic actuator for controlling, at least in part, the inhibiting gas intake into a combustion chamber (47) and/or at least one of a hydraulic circuit or an electromagnetic actuator for controlling, at least in part, the causing gas exhaust from a combustion chamber (47).

Abstract: A method for continuous variable valve duration (CVVD) startup control may include a duration time delay control to prevent an engine revolutions per minute (RPM) variation through applying of a delay time with respect to a startup duration in the case where the startup duration at an initial startup is switched to a driving region duration after the startup lapse by a CVVD controller.

Abstract: A method of packaging a semiconductor device, comprising: attaching a plurality of dies to a carrier wafer, wherein each of the dies includes a top surface; forming a molding compound layer over the dies, wherein the top surface of the dies are covered by the molding compound layer; removing a first portion of the molding compound layer; removing a second portion of the molding compound layer such that the top surface of the dies is not covered by the molding compound layer; forming a redistribution layer (RDL) over the top surface of the dies; forming a plurality of solder balls over at least a portion of the RDL; and singulating the dies.

Abstract: When an operation state switches from a first operation region A to a second operation region B, the valve timing of an intake valve and an exhaust valve is switched upon switching of the operation state from the first operation region A to the second operation region B. When the operation state switches from the first operation region A to the second operation region B, the air-fuel ratio is switched after a first predetermined time T1 has elapsed since when the actual valve timing of the intake valve became a second intake valve timing and the actual valve timing of the exhaust valve became a second exhaust valve timing. In this way, it becomes possible to ensure ignition when the operation state switches.

Abstract: An electromagnetic pressure control valve including an electromagnetic actuator configured to position a piston that is received axially movable in a receiving opening of a valve housing of the electromagnetic pressure control valve, wherein the piston facilitates opening and closing flow connections of the electromagnetic pressure control valve, wherein the piston receives a pin at a piston face that is oriented away from the electromagnetic actuator, wherein a relative movement is enabled between the pin and the piston, wherein the pin includes a pin face that is arranged in the valve housing and oriented away from the piston and arranged opposite to a stop, and wherein the pin is fixed at the stop so that a movement of the pin in a direction towards the stop is eliminated.

Abstract: A control strategy includes: after an engine is energized, the continuously variable valve lift mechanism self learning to determine a current position; if the self learning is successful, the continuously variable valve lift mechanism being located at a maximum lift position, preparing for starting the engine, and determining a regulating mode based on a starting temperature, wherein at the time of normal temperature start, regulation is performed from the maximum lift position to a minimum lift position, and at the time of low temperature start, regulation is performed from the maximum lift position to a position where the two valves for the same cylinder have a maximum lift difference; if the self learning fails, entering a preliminary start mode; entering a CVVL control mode based on an operation condition of the engine; and powering off the engine.

Abstract: A hybrid dual phaser assembly is disclosed for mounting to an engine camshaft to allow the timing of two sets of cam lobes to be phased independently of one another relative to a crankshaft of the engine. The phaser assembly comprises an electrically operated phaser having intermeshing gears for transmitting torque to the camshaft and a phase control input driven by an electric motor to be mounted coaxially with the camshaft, and a hydraulically operated phaser having vanes movable within arcuate cavities. The cavities of the hydraulically operated phaser are defined in part by an annular member that radially surrounds, and axially overlaps, a gear of the electrically operated phaser, which gear is separate from the annular member and forms radially inner boundary walls of the cavities.

Abstract: An adjusting unit of an internal combustion engine is provided, comprising an electric motor and a transmission interacting therewith, an adjusting shaft of the transmission being coupled to the rotor of the electric motor. A drive shafts of the transmission is coupled to the shaft which is to be adjusted. For controlling the electric motor, a sensorless control unit is provided outside of a housing of the electric motor which encloses the stator of the electric motor.

Abstract: An apparatus (201) and method for controlling intake valves (23) in an internal combustion engine (5), as well as an internal combustion engine and a vehicle comprising the apparatus, and an electronic processor for performing the method is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a hydraulic system (3) configured to hydraulically actuate a first intake valve (23a) and a second intake valve (23b) of a first combustion chamber (25) of an internal combustion engine (5). The apparatus also includes a controller (9) configured to control the hydraulic system (3) in at least a first mode of operation and a second mode of operation. In the first mode of operation, the controller (9) is configured to control the hydraulic system (3) to cause lifting of the first and second intake valves (23a, 23b) of the first combustion chamber (25) during each intake stroke of a respective cylinder piston (27).

Abstract: Systems and methods for operating an engine with deactivating and non-deactivating valves are presented. In one example, an actual total number of deactivated cylinders may be adjusted to control driveline braking. The driveline braking may be controlled in a towing mode, a hill descent mode, and during normal driving conditions.

Abstract: A drive unit of a fuel injection device includes a driver circuit. The driver circuit opens and closes a valve element of the fuel injection device by supplying a drive current to the fuel injection device. The driver circuit supplies the drive current to open the valve element and sets the drive current to zero in an intermediate lift area. The intermediate lift area is an area is which a lift amount of the valve element is smaller than a maximum target lift amount.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing an engine system including a continuous variable valve duration (CVVD) apparatus, a driving unit of the CVVD apparatus including a first driving unit and a second driving unit, a CVVD position detector configured to detect a position of the CVVD apparatus, a camshaft position detector configured to detect a position of a camshaft, a front lambda detector configured to detect a lambda value at front of intake valve, and a controller may include the steps of starting the engine, detecting measured values of the front lambda detector during combustion of first to fourth cylinders (first to fourth lambda values), determining whether CVVD driving unit is misaligned according to the detected first to fourth lambda values, and generating a warning notification when the CVVD driving unit is determined to be misaligned.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system includes an engine control system configured to control an engine. The engine control system comprises a processor configured to receive a vibration signal sensed by a knock sensor disposed in an engine. The processor is further configured to correlate the vibration signal with a fingerprint having at least an ADSR envelope indicative of the operating event of a valve train of the combustion engine, analyze the vibration signal with a statistical valve train model, or a combination thereof. The processor is also configured to detect if the operating event has occurred based on correlating of the noise signal with the fingerprint, based on analyzing the vibration signal with a statistical valve train model, or a combination thereof, and to control the valve train based on the operating event.

Abstract: An actuating system of an engine valve comprises a movable member, for example, in the form of a master piston controlled by a cam of a camshaft. A slave piston is hydraulically controlled by the master piston by means of a volume of pressurized fluid, to open said engine valve against the action of a return spring. The system also comprises an auxiliary device for applying an additional force to the engine valve to keep the engine valve in a closed position. The auxiliary device is configured or controlled in such a way that the total force tending to keep the engine valve in its closed position varies during each rotation cycle of the cam. The total force is higher at least in one part of the rotation cycle of the cam wherein the engine valve must remain in its closed position, and is, instead, reduced at least in one part of the rotation cycle of the cam wherein the engine valve is not in its closed position.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator including an actuator unit; and an actuation unit acting in an axial direction, wherein the actuator unit includes a coil generating a magnetic field and including a pole core that is arranged within the coil, wherein at least two permanent magnets are arranged adjoining a face of the pole core in the axial direction so that the at least two permanent magnets are applicable to the face of the pole core and movable in the axial direction so that the at least two permanent magnets are drivable by the coil independently from each other.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for monitoring and controlling a cylinder valve deactivation mechanism. In one example, a method may include sending a lower command signal to a cylinder deactivation valve control (CDVC) system without actuating a cylinder valve transition, determining an impedance of a solenoid of the CDVC system while sending the lower command signal, and actuating the cylinder valve transition responsive to the determined impedance by sending a higher command signal to the CDVC system. In this way, the cylinder valve transition is performed when the impedance is high enough to prevent over-current.

Abstract: An apparatus for electromagnetic actuation includes a cylindrical housing. The apparatus further includes at least two stationary cores fixed to the cylindrical housing. Each stationary core includes at least one first annular portion having a first annular thickness between a first inner diameter and a first outer diameter. The apparatus further includes a ring coil fixed to and in operable communication with each of the at least two stationary cores. The apparatus further includes a ferromagnetic armature concentrically aligned with the at least two stationary cores and configured to move relative to the at least two stationary cores. The ferromagnetic armature has at least one second annular portion having a second annular thickness between a second inner diameter and a second outer diameter. The second annular thickness is about the same as the first annular thickness.

Abstract: A combustion-powered fastener-driving tool includes a combustion-powered power source having a combustion chamber, a reciprocating piston and driver blade, and a valve sleeve reciprocable relative to the power source between a rest position and a firing position. The valve sleeve partially defines the combustion chamber. A lockout device is in fluid communication with the combustion power source and includes a reciprocating gas piston connected to a latch in operational proximity to the valve sleeve. The lockout device is configured such that upon combustion in the combustion chamber, gas from the combustion engages the gas piston and moves the latch to an engaged position in which the valve sleeve is prevented from moving to the rest position.

Abstract: A biasing assembly used with a VCT device includes a torsional biasing element that is elongated and configured to engage and receive rotational motion from one of a rotor or stator of the VCT device; a rigid element that is configured to engage the other of the rotor of the stator of the VCT device and be inserted within a cavity of a camshaft with the torsional biasing element; a receiving feature that couples the rigid element to the torsional biasing element and inhibits angular movement of the rotor and the stator away from a default angular position, wherein the torsional biasing element and the rigid element are angularly displaced from a resting position to a pre-loaded position when the torsional biasing element and the rigid element engage the rotor and the stator.

Abstract: A camless valve control system for an internal combustion engine, includes a hydraulic pump, with a rotating shaft timed to the operation of the engine and a hydraulic actuator configured to selectively open and close one of an intake valve and an exhaust valve of the engine. The hydraulic actuator includes a rotating cylindrical pump body and one or more control rings with holes channeling the flow of the hydraulic control fluid to affect the selective opening and closing of the one of the intake value and the exhaust valve. The pump body includes a cylindrical center portion configured to receive torque from the hydraulic pump and at least one channel providing a flow of hydraulic control fluid from the pump.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for determining whether an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve is degraded and being held open in a vehicle system. In one example, a method may include, in response to an engine pull-down request, closing a throttle coupled to an intake manifold of the engine, closing the EGR valve, propelling the vehicle via an electric motor, and checking operation of the EGR valve based on both intake manifold pressure and exhaust pressure. For example, if the intake manifold pressure does not decrease by a threshold amount relative to the exhaust pressure, EGR valve degradation may be indicated.

Abstract: An electrical system including a linear motor in which energized forcer and thruster coils are used for the field and armature elements. In accordance with exemplary embodiments, one or more thruster coils may be provided on a shaft with opposing single or multiple fixed forcer coils. Using coils as the electromagnets for forcer and thruster coils advantageously provides necessary power while also minimizing system weight and decreases in magnetism typically encountered with permanent magnets with rising temperature, resulting in higher and more controllable magnetic forces over varying temperatures. Ferrous elements, such as a ferrous system housing and/or open ferrous containers for the thruster coils may be further included to advantageously focus the magnetic forces. Additionally, multiple forcer and thruster coils may be disposed in various arrangements along the shaft. Exemplary applications include use of such a system for controlling oscillations of a poppet valve in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method is described to control an actuation profile of an electromechanical linear actuator device of an internal combustion engine designed to control the movement of a component; the internal combustion engine comprises a sensor, which faces the actuator device and is designed to detect the noise generated by the movement of the component; the method comprises the steps of acquiring, by means of the sensor, the intensity of a signal generated by the impact of the component against a limit stop; identifying a first listening window of the signal associated with said impact; calculating a noise index inside the listening window; comparing the noise index with a reference value; and controlling the actuation profile of the actuator device based on this comparison.

Abstract: Some examples described herein may involve determining an advance timing window between the valve opening or closing and a designated time that the valve is scheduled to open or close; determining a closing velocity of the valve; monitoring an engine speed of the engine; determining valve lash information based on the advance timing window, the closing velocity, and the engine speed, wherein the valve lash information identifies a magnitude of the valve lash or whether the magnitude of the valve lash associated with the valve satisfies a threshold; and performing an action based on the valve lash information.

Abstract: A reversing linear solenoid polarized in a permanent magnetic manner having a first and second end stroke position as well as at least one armature, wherein it has a spring system or is operated at such a spring system which exerts a force in the direction of the center stroke position on the armature or armatures in the end stroke position(s). The spring system and the reversing linear solenoid are coordinated with one another such that the armature or armatures are held in a permanent magnetic manner against the spring force in both end stroke positions. The spring system is configured such that the potential energy (elastically) stored by movement of the armature or armatures into its/their end stroke movements is of equal magnitude. If external restoring forces caused by the application are present, they must be taken into account in the design of the spring system.

Abstract: A variable camshaft timing device adjusts phase between a camshaft and a crankshaft and includes a first ring gear configured to connect to the camshaft and rotate about a center axis, having a plurality of radially-inwardly facing gear teeth; a second ring gear axially spaced from the first ring gear, configured to receive rotational input from the crankshaft and rotate about the center axis, having a plurality of radially-inwardly facing gear teeth; a planetary gear assembly including one or more planet gears that are configured for rotation by an electric motor and engage the first ring gear and the second ring gear through the planet gear(s); and a cushioned stop configured to transmit energy between the planetary gear assembly and a planetary gear stop attached to a sprocket or a camshaft plate.

Abstract: A semiconductor product comprising: a semiconductor substrate and a test structure, the test structure comprising: a thermopile and at least one temperature sensitive element, the at least one temperature sensitive element being located in the substrate, or between the substrate and the thermopile.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for adaptively controlling an engine system of a motor vehicle comprising the steps of evaluating the outputs from angular position sensors associated with inlet and exhaust camshafts of an engine of the engine system to establish whether differences between the currently measured positions and previously saved positions are the result of elongation of an endless drive used to drive the camshafts or due to some other reason. If it is confirmed that the differences are due to elongation of the endless drive then the measured values of angular position are used in the control of a number of engine functions.

Abstract: A method for simulating malfunctioning solenoid valves is disclosed. A current flows through a solenoid valve in order to achieve opening and closing. The closing is forced after the current supplied to the solenoid valve is activated at an activation time, and the opening is forced after the current is deactivated. The current is applied with a charging current strength before activation for a charging phase, and after activation, the current is increased to peak current strength and subsequently reduced to a holding current strength. The current strength is reduced to a deactivation current strength, after which the current strength increases again. A variation of the value or duration of the current strength or an application of an additional magnetic force is used to simulate a premature activation, a delayed activation, a premature deactivation, or a delayed deactivation.

Abstract: The method for controlling valve timing for a turbo engine includes: classifying control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and applying a long duration to an exhaust valve in a first control region; applying the maximum duration to the intake and applying the long duration to the exhaust valve in a second control region; applying the long duration to the exhaust valve and advancing an intake valve closing (IVC) timing in the third control region; applying a short duration to the exhaust valve and controlling the IVC timing in the fourth control region; controlling a wide open throttle valve (WOT) and applying the short duration to the exhaust valve in the fifth control region; controlling a WOT and controlling the IVC timing by applying the long duration to the exhaust valve in the sixth control region.

Abstract: In a control device for an engine, the engine includes combustion chambers, ports connected to the combustion chambers, and valves that open and close areas between the combustion chambers and the ports. The control device includes an electronic control unit that is configured to execute an anti-freezing operation of performing control to fully close the valves or make the valves be in a state of being opened with a lift amount of 1 mm or more, in a case where temperatures around the valves are lowered to a predetermined temperature range after the engine is stopped, or in a case where an outside air temperature when the engine is stopped is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. The predetermined temperature range is a temperature range in which an upper limit value is lower than 10° C., and the predetermined temperature is lower than 5° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a valve drive for actuating a valve, including a lifting element which shifts upon an actuation of the valve, and a displacement sensor by means of which the position of the lifting element can be detected, characterized in that the displacement sensor includes an elastically deformable dielectric film which is provided with at least two electrodes, the film being deformed by an adjustment of the lifting element.