Abstract: Self-cooling stretchable electrical circuits with a conduit forming an electrical component and containing electrically conductive liquid are disclosed. They are formed of a platform made of a stretchable material. At least one fluid conduit is formed in the platform and the conduit is formed into an electrical component and filled with the electrically conductive liquid metal. A portion of the conduit is positioned adjacent a heat sink while a pump circulates the liquid through the conduit wherein the metal is cooled at the heat sink.

Abstract: A heated glove in which air warmed by a heat pack insert is circulated to the glove finger and thumb pockets by a pumping arrangement to warm a wearer's fingers and thumb.

Abstract: A heat generating body including a a moldable heat generating composition containing surplus water as a connecting substance interposed and heat sealed between packaging materials, which is characterized in that the packaging materials are each constituted of a substrate and a covering material; that the substrate is substantially planar and does not have an accommodating pocket; that the packaging materials each has a bending resistance of not more than 100 mm; that the packaging materials are each a non-elastic body at least at a temperature between 25° C. and 60° C., has a breaking strength of 500 g/mm2 or more at 25° C. and has a breaking elongation of 30% or more at 90° C. The heat generating body is suitable for relaxation of symptoms of menstrual pain.

Abstract: A warming device of sheet form having (1) a heat generating sheet prepared by papermaking and containing an oxidizable metal, a moisture retaining agent, and a fibrous material and (2) an air permeable holder holding the heat generating sheet. The warming device has a thickness of 0.1 to 10 mm and a flexural strength of 0.01 to 0.3 N/cm. The sheet preferably has a thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 mm. The fibrous material preferably has a CSF of 600 ml or less.

Abstract: A device for warming a shoe is disclosed. An insole has a top cavity. A releasable shoe pad includes a top padding member and a recess between forward and rearward bottom portions. The device includes a thin metal member formed on the pad and including an intermediate conductive member, a forward conductive section extended from the conductive member, and a rearward conductive section extended from the conductive member, and a heater unit fastened in a space defined by the recess. The heater unit includes a fuel chamber, a combustion chamber filled with zirconia fibers, and a channel interconnected the fuel and the combustion chambers, the channel including fibers and a wick having one end immersed in the fuel chamber and the other end connected to the fibers.

Abstract: A portable, self-heating thermal cushion for use in conjunction with a seating surface to provide a heated and thermally insulated seating region of sufficient size to extend underneath the buttocks of the user, the cushion being in the form of a composite laminated structure comprising a backsheet, a topsheet and an intermediate layer of a heat generating material, said intermediate layer being in thermal contact with the seating region of the cushion so as to provide a heating region generally coextensive with the seating region for warming the buttocks of the user.

Abstract: A self-heating container which comprises a container body having an internal beverage section and a thermic cavity. A liquid reactant is positioned in a first section of the thermic cavity and a solid reactant positioned in a second section of the thermic cavity. The solid reactant includes at least 70% by weight CaO and at least 5% by weight of a carbonate from the group consisting of MgCO3, CaCO3, SrCO3, BaCO3, and RaCO3.

Abstract: A portable heat generating device in which fuel vapor (e.g. methanol) and an oxygen supply (e.g. air) are uniformly released through porous tubes woven with catalyst-impregnated glass filaments into a sheet-shaped, fabric-like structure enclosed in a mylar envelope. The catalyst promotes flameless combustion of the fuel vapor and oxygen, with consequent heat release occurring uniformly over the fabric-like structure. The heat generation process is started by pumping liquid fuel and air into the porous tubes using a peristaltic pump, thereby building up hydraulic pressure within the liquid fuel portion of the microbore-tubes. The level of pressure sustained within the liquid fuel portion of the microbore-tubes is limited by a manually set variable pressure release valve. The pressure in the microbore-tubes forces the liquid fuel within the porous microbore-tubing through the pores where it is converted into a vapor state before reacting with the oxygen and catalyst to produce flameless combustion.

Abstract: A thermal energy storage composition is provided which is in the form of a gel. The composition includes a phase change material and silica particles, where the phase change material may comprise a linear alkyl hydrocarbon, water/urea, or water. The thermal energy storage composition has a high thermal conductivity, high thermal energy storage, and may be used in a variety of applications such as in thermal shipping containers and gel packs.

Abstract: A portable heat generating device in which fuel vapor (e.g. methanol) and an oxygen supply (e.g. air) are uniformly released through porous tubes woven with catalyst-impregnated glass filaments into a sheet-shaped, fabric-like structure enclosed in a mylar envelope. The catalyst promotes flameless combustion of the fuel vapor and oxygen, with consequent heat release occurring uniformly over the fabric-like structure. The heat generation process is started by pumping liquid fuel and air into the porous tubes using a peristaltic pump, thereby building up hydraulic pressure within the liquid fuel portion of the microbore-tubes. The level of pressure sustained within the liquid fuel portion of the microbore-tubes is limited by a manually set variable pressure release valve. The pressure in the microbore-tubes forces the liquid fuel within the porous microbore-tubing through the pores where it is converted into a vapor state before reacting with the oxygen and catalyst to produce flameless combustion.

Abstract: A sheet-shaped heat-generating body comprising a sheet-shaped substrate comprising irregularly arranged fibers and having a multiplicity of gaps among the fibers, an oxidizable metal powder dispersed in and supported by the substrate, and an inorganic electrolyte solution containing activated carbon mixed and suspended therein with which the substrate supporting the oxidizable metal powder dispersed therein is impregnated. Since the entire structure of the sheet-shaped heat-generating body is integrated, with the fibrous and porous sheet-shaped substrate assuring uniform distribution and firm support of the oxidizable metal powder or the heat-generating substance, the body is flexible, is free from one-sided distribution of the heat-generating substance, and has excellent heat generating capability.

Abstract: A portable outdoor heater comprises a plurality of hollow, rigid drum sections releasably connected in an end-to-end relationship so as to form an elongated conduit having a horizontally disposed longitudinal axis. Adjacent drum sections are releasably secured to one another by hasps. A propane burner extends into one end of the conduit to provide heat into the drums. The drums each have a plurality of holes therein through which the heat dissipates. A container is provided for holding balls, gloves and other objects to be warmed. In use, the heater can simultaneously warm many people standing adjacent the drum sections, leaning against the drum sections, or sitting upon the drum sections. The heater can be quickly and easily disassembled for storage and transportation.

Abstract: A back warmer for keeping a person's lower back warm. The back warmer comprises a flexible pad including an upper panel extending between opposite sides of a person and around a person's lumbar, together with a lower panel extending downwardly from the upper panel to substantially cover a person's tail bone. A belt is formed by a pair of elongate elastic straps attached to opposite sides of the upper panel and extending around a person's waist. The upper panel may also include a pocket for containing a heating element. The back warmer may also include a removable seat cushion extending downwardly from the lower panel which is hinged to the lower panel for use as a stadium cushion or the like.

Abstract: A box structure having partitioned compartments in which heat packs are deposited. Multiple series of holes in the box outer walls admit a convective airflow for passage upwardly past the packs and through apertured partitions into a central chamber of the box structure and ultimately through vent openings in a closure of the box structure into the area to be heated.

Abstract: A metallic heat-generating agent comprising as a main component iron powder and water generating steam by an oxidation reaction caused by contact with air is contained in an air-permeable bag as a heat-generating material for a portable hair curler. A portable hair curler is constructed and operated by exchangeably inserting this metallic heat-generating material in a hair-winding guide cylinder and dismountably attaching a cover after winding the hair onto the hair-winding guide cylinder.

Abstract: A portable outdoor stove/heater for use by outdoorsmen. The heater has a container for containing solid combustible fuel and a seat top which is heat conductive for sitting. The seat top does not extend fully across the open top to permit access to heat for the warming of hands. A pair of arms are mounted to the container to support a fishing pole for ice fishing. A grate may be located in position within the container for heating or cooking food.

Abstract: A portable heater for generating and circulating heat in wearing apparel and consisting of a closed container for containing a liquid heat transfer medium therein and a second container which is received in the closed container and is adapted to receive a heat evolving means therein such as a combustible fuel stick of the type utilized in conventional hand warmers, the heat evolving means being received through an opening to the exterior of the improved heater assembly. A portion of the exterior walls of the second container are exposed in heat exchange relationship to the interior of the closed container for efficient heat transfer through the walls of the second container to a liquid heat transfer medium contained within the closed container.

Abstract: A method of making priming devices for a fuel element is disclosed. A high quality priming device is obtained by treating suitable pieces of cellulose with catalyzing agents such as manganates or permanganates and with oxidizing agents such as inorganic oxidizing salts. Such priming devices are very reliable and may be used in portable personnel heaters, e.g. to keep injured people warm after accidents.

Abstract: A heated handle for a fishing pole, having an aluminum tubular body received in an internal chamber in the handle for containing a dry fuel element. Both the handle and the tubular body have ventilating openings. The tubular body has a lesser diameter than the internal chamber to form an air space about the body which prevents the handle from overheating, but permits the fuel element to burn.

Abstract: A heated stadium cushion has a pad having a pocket adapted to contain an air-activated chemical heating packet. A second pocket contains weather-resistant clothing, such as a poncho. In another embodiment a slipcover is provided for enclosing a conventional seat cushion, the slipcover having an enclosed pocket for the heating element.

Abstract: A heated handle structure for a fishing rod comprises an outer cylindrical container attached to the end of the rod, an inner cylindrical container for receiving a solid fuel stick, the inner container being rotatably mounted in the outer container, registrable vents in the respective container walls, the degree of opening of which is adjusted by relative rotation of the containers in order to vary the amount of heat supplied by the fuel stick, and a spring-loaded adjustment mechanism between the containers for releasably retaining them in selected angular positions of adjustment.

Abstract: A device to removably hold a solid fuel heating module includes a body member defining an open ended chamber and generally U-shaped channels in each of an opposing pair of side walls. The elongated channels are sized and configured to slidably receive a respective side edge of the heating module when the heat module is inserted in a rectilinear direction between the opposing side walls. A space is defined in a top wall in communication with the chamber so as to be in registry with the heating module and guard members bridge the space to prevent the user's foot from directly contacting the heating module contained in the chamber. A chimney defined in the body permits cool air to flow from a direction from the rear wall towards the chamber, be heated by the heat module and then transferred to the user's foot by virtue of the space defined in the top wall.

Abstract: This invention relates to portable duck blind stools in general, and more specifically to a heated stool construction that can be inverted to serve as a carrying case for transporting articles to and from a duck blind, and which is further provided with a securable lid member having a plurality of closed fuel receptacles attached thereto, to create a heat source for the stool proper.

Abstract: A portable furnace for generating and circulating heat in wearing apparel. The furnace consists of a compact closed container for containing a liquid therein and a second container is received in the closed container and adapted to receive a heating element therein through an opening to the exterior. At least a portion of the exterior walls of the second container are exposed to the interiors of the compact container for heat transfer through the walls to a liquid contained within the compact container. A flexible liquid conduit has both ends thereof connected for circulation of heated liquid from the container through the conduit and a positive displacement pump is connected to the conduit for hand manipulation to circulate heated liquid from the compact container through the conduit on demand.

Abstract: The heating of submersible hulls, diving suits and other underwater equipment usually involves use of electrical batteries. However, in cold water operations these electrical batteries prove quite inadequate for the task. The invention provides for a self-contained heating system involving the bringing together in a submerged reaction zone of substances capable of reacting together exothermically. Preferably one of the substances is a metal e.g. aluminium in ingot form, and the other substance is an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and is fed to the ingots of aluminium. The invention is also apparatus for carrying out the reaction and transferring the heat generated.

Abstract: An enclosure arrangement for use in connection with a boot whereby a booted foot will be warmed selectively by a warming device placed within a chamber placed above an apertured instep portion of the boot.

Abstract: A hand-held, non-electrically powered heating instrument includes a generally cylindrical, hollow, elongated, metallic first element having means for mounting a charge of burnable fuel therein and also having a plurality of air vents at one end thereof and an air inlet opening at the opposite end thereof. The instrument also includes a generally cylindrical, hollow, elongated, metallic second element having a substantially closed end and an opposite open end and a plurality of air vents formed substantially adjacent to the closed end thereof. The second element is configured and dimensioned to permit the first element to be releasably and telescopically received therein through the open end thereof, so that the air vents of both elements may communicate with one another. The first and second elements are slidable relative to one another in both a rotatably and longitudinal manner so as to permit regulation of the amount of air flowing through the air inlet opening and through the vents.

Abstract: A body warmer for heating a human body by means of exothermic heat which consists of a particulate exothermic substance containing a main constituent for reducing a metallic oxide with the air and water content externally supplied for heating the body by the chemical reaction thereof, a fibrous agricultural solid waste impregnated with sodium chloride, bitter or composition salt, and an air permeable bag for filling the exothermic substance and the fibrous agricultural solid waste. Thus, the body warmer can heat at safe and effective temperature continuously for extremely long time so as to cure even neuralgia.

Abstract: A portable furnace for generating and circulating heat in wearing apparel. The furnace consists of a compact insulated case having a cavity therein which is adapted to receive slow burning solid fuel agglomerates for combustion. A liquid reservoir is positioned in the case for radiant heat transfer from the ignited fuel agglomerates in the cavity. A flexible liquid conduit has opposite ends thereof connected for circulation of the heated liquid from the reservoir in a closed circuit, and a pump is provided for hand manipulation to circulate the heated liquid through the conduit on demand.

Abstract: This invention is an exothermic composition prepared by mixing an iron powder with a mixed fibrous and carbonaceous powder as impregnated with a solution prepared by dissolving a proper amount of a neutral salt in an aqueous solution of an alkali or alkaline weak acid salt so as to mature when left sealed and a warming bag wherein said exothermic composition is contained in a ventilative inner bag provided in a part with a group of ventilating holes and a nonventilative label covering it and this inner bag is contained in a nonventilative outer bag.

Abstract: A body warmer is provided that includes a platform, a heat source, an envelope surrounding the user, and hoops in the envelope. The envelope is kept from contacting the heat source by the hoops. The user is kept from contacting the heat source by a shield. The heat source is pivotally connected to the platform and movable from a first position in which it is stored to a second position in which it is used. A cushion is attached to the inside of a cover that seals the body warmer for storage.

Abstract: A boot warmer having a compact portable heater unit for burning solid fuel agglomerates. The heater unit includes a liquid reservoir in heat exchange relationship with the fuel agglomerates. A liquid conduit circulates the liquid throughout a boot or a boot liner by means of a hand manipulated pump. The heat exchanger or unit and pump are exposed and attached to the top of the boot, or in the case of a boot liner to the top of the boot liner, with the provision of means to attach the unit to the top outside of a boot casing.

Abstract: A pair of superposed stitched together sections of fabric sheet material is longitudinally divided at one end portion to form a plurality of pockets respectively overlying the toe, instep and vamp portions of a boot or shoe. The fabric sections are removably secured to the boot. A flameless heater is disposed within each pocket.

Abstract: An improved hunting boot is provided which includes means mounted therein for generating heat and directing the heat generated towards the wearer's toes. The improved boot generally comprises an overshoe including one or more panels fitted to the contour of the foot from ankle to toes adapted to overlie the wearer's foot, and a sole member extending from the wearer's heel to toes, generally contoured thereto and adapted to underlie the foot. A thermal sleeve overfits at least the portion of the overshoe housing the toes of the wearer and is adhesively secured to the sole member thereof. A conventional catalytic warmer may be removably mounted in the pocket provided by the thermal sleeve. Adhesively connected to the sole member of the overshoe is a replaceable tread.

Abstract: A fishing rod has a hollow handle which is heated by combustion or chemical reaction. The handle has ventilating openings at both ends of the hollow therein; and a cylindrical container with plural longitudinally extending compartments receives fuel elements and is insertable in the handle. The ends of the container are perforated and one of them is removable. A sleeve is movable relative to the holes at one end of the handle to regulate the draft and hence the speed of fuel combustion.

Abstract: A flexible container having a substantially planar configuration encloses a first chemical having characteristics for being supercooled to maintain a liquid state even at temperatures below its melting point. A second chemical can be mixed with the first chemical in the container to initiate the crystallization of the first chemical at the substantially constant temperature of the melting point of the first chemical. The container can be enclosed in an insulation envelope to moderate the temperature of the device. The first chemical may include sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate which provides a desirable constant temperature of 48.degree. C. The second chemical may include sodium borate pentahydrate or sodium sulfite which provides the first chemical with a desirable sandy configuration during crystallization in the .alpha. pentahydrate form.