Abstract: A heat generating device includes a sealed metal drum with spaced peripheral fins and houses a cage-like agitator mounted on a rotatable shaft axially disposed therein and extending through one end for connection to a source of power. The agitator includes a plurality of elongated flat bar-like vanes arranged in close concentric relationship to the drum and supported by spaced apertured hubs on the shaft. The periphery of each hub has serrated type notches so that the vanes are tangential to the hubs and in off-set alignment with each other. Relative to the direction of rotation of the agitator, the leading edge of each vane is spaced inwardly from the trailing edge of the adjacent vane a predetermined distance to provide a restricted passageway.

Abstract: A vertical shaft, attached to a windmill, rotates inside a first container which has a highly viscous fluid contained in it. A first set of perforated ribs extend radially outwards from the shaft. A second set of perforated ribs extend radially inwards from the first container. The two sets of ribs are vertically staggered with respect to each other so that when the shaft rotates, the first set of ribs do not come into physical contact with the second set of ribs. As the shaft rotates, the shearing action between the two sets of ribs forces the viscous fluid through the perforations in the two sets of ribs. This results in a pressure drop between the entrance and exit end of each perforation. The pressure drop results in heat dissipation in the viscous fluid. The viscous fluid is thereby heated. A second vessel containing water surrounds the first vessel. Heat transfer occurs across the first vessel to the water, thereby raising its temperature.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating thermal and electrical energy includes an internal combustion engine connected to and adapted to drive a generator for providing electrical power and a brake for generating thermal energy. In one embodiment, a heat carrier flows through appropriate conduits for absorbing heat energy from the brake, from the combustion chamber of the engine, and from the engine exhaust gases and delivers the heat energy to a end-use heat exchanger, for example, a room or space heater. In a second embodiment, the engine exhaust gas flow is used to drive a gas turbine that, in turn, drives a compressor in a thermal cycle to provide additional heat transfer capability.

Abstract: The invention disclosed provides a new improved method and system for generating heat efficiently by means of frictional heat produced by a rotating impeller disposed within a closed housing which contains a heat transfer liquid and a gaseous layer. Rotation of the impeller generates heat as well as pressure in the system such that circulation of the heat transfer liquid may be readily effected through a closed conduit circuit to a heat dissipator. In a preferred embodiment, the rotating impeller is disposed within a diffuser which functions to increase the velocity of the heat transfer liquid and increase the static pressure within the system.

Abstract: With this improved system the final gas discharge temperature can be one hundred degrees lower than the water it heated.Two high velocity, self pressurized vortexes are created by two high speed impeller wheels, one in each stage of the two-stage heat reclaiming system, these vortexes draw the heat carrying discharge gas from the furnace into the two-stage heat exchanger, compressing and compounding it, creating higher heat levels, which allows more wasted heat to be recovered and used. The heat exchanging surfaces of the system are scrubbed by the maximum heat and pressure of these vortexes which have a velocity of many thousands of feet per minute, this action increases the thermal conductivity of these surfaces over 3.5 times, heating the water hotter and cooling the gas faster than the conventional system.

Abstract: Heat exchanging system comprises a heat expansible organic liquid, at least one pressure cell, the organic liquid being heated in the pressure cell to thereby increase temperature of the organic liquid, valve means connected to the pressure cell for controlling flow of the organic liquid into and out of the pressure cell to maintain predetermined pressure in the cell, and at least one heat exchanger connected to the pressure cell through the valve means for transferring heat of the organic liquid to another medium. The heat exchanger includes a pressure valve for spraying the organic liquid thereinto. The system further comprises cooling means for cooling the organic liquid flowing from the heat exchanger and pump means for circulating the cooled organic liquid to the pressure cell through the valve means with a relatively high pressure.

Abstract: An impeller and apparatus for use therewith are described, the impellers having collapsible cups presenting variable entrance areas with respect to the fluid, the areas being determined by the velocity of rotation around a shaft on which the cups are carried. The apparatus for utilization of the impellers comprises a wind driven machine for power output, a wind driven machine having a plurality of levels of impellers, a wind driven machine for starting another wind driven machine which is difficult to start on its own, and a wind driven machine utilizing the impellers for providing turbulence in a liquid.

Abstract: A machine, such as a self-propelled mobile crane, having an operator's cab and an engine for driving hydraulic pumps to supply fluid to hydraulic motors which drive crane components, is provided with a heating system for the operator's cab.

Abstract: Method of and means for heat generation by producing vapor i.e., steam, by subjecting liquid to friction of a magnitude to vaporize the liquid in a substantially vertical passage into one end of which the liquid is delivered under pressure and from the opposite end of which the steam is received from the passage for use. Vaporization may be effected as part of a one-way system or of a recirculation system.

Abstract: A windmill drives a fluid pump which operates a hydraulic motor. In one embodiment, the mechanical output of the hydraulic motor operates a heat pump employed for heating and/or cooling purposes. In another embodiment, the fluid discharge from the hydraulic motor is recirculated through a fluid reservoir. The heat of the fluid in the reservoir, resulting from the inefficiency of the pump and the hydraulic motor, is employed for heating purposes.

Abstract: A furnace or space heater is operable at low cost by a small electric motor which rotates an elongated cylindrical drum on a vertical axis, within an elongated cylindrical casing at a clearance of about one eighth of an inch in the annular chamber formed therebetween. A supply of light lubricant normally occupies the lower portion of the annular chamber but rises to fill the chamber during rotation of the drum. The casing is enclosed in a housing, having a fan chamber containing an electric motor and fan or blower. The motor shaft may rotate both the fan and the drum.

Abstract: A heating apparatus including a circulation system for hydraulic fluid, a pump for pumping the fluid, a windmill for driving the pump, an adjustable pressure responsive relief valve for restricting the flow of hydraulic fluid in the circulation system and establishing therein an adjustable fluid pressure reduction, a sensor responsive to the wind velocity encountered by the windmill, a valve control mechanism responsive to the sensor for automatically adjusting the fluid pressure reduction provided by the relief valve and a heat exchanger for removing heat from the hydraulic fluid. The work performed by the wind in pumping the hydraulic fluid through the relief valve is converted directly into heat that is conveyed to the heat exchanger for conversion into a useful form. By adjusting the relief valve to establish increasing pressure reductions with increasing wind velocity, the system optimizes the rate of wind energy utilization.

Abstract: An omnidirectional windmill employing lift type airfoils mounted about a vertical axis. The windmill includes a support frame which defines the vertically oriented axis about which the elongate airfoils rotate. Five vertically oriented stators are positioned outwardly of the airfoils about the windmill to form an omnidirectional diffuser. These stators extend radially from the vertical axis to substantially enhance the efficiency of the windmill. The stators also make the windmill self-starting. A friction heater is also disclosed in association with the windmill.

Abstract: A closed heating system in which a silicone fluid having a high specific heat is pumped through an element formed of tetrafluoroethylene. The element is provided with a plurality of small openings through which the fluid is forced. The fluid is heated and the heated fluid is forced to blow through one or more heat transfer units through which heat is transferred to the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: A forced air hot water furnace including means for initially heating water and delivering the heated water to a radiator, the radiator having a fluid conduit as a part thereof, the fluid conduit having an upstream section with an orifice or passage of predetermined cross-sectional flow area, and a downstream section with an orifice or passage of reduced or smaller cross-sectional flow area whereby the water, as it passes through the conduit of the radiator, is increased in its velocity whereby to provide increased energy transfer within the radiator means, the conduit of the radiator being provided with heat transfer fins in surrounding relationship thereto.

Abstract: The invention comprises a novel compound having the chemical name 2-(t-butoxymethyl) tetrahydrofuran and a novel absorption pair comprising 2-(t-butoxymethyl) tetrahydrofuran as the solvent and a lower alkyl fluorocarbon as the solute. The invention further comprises a method of absorption heating and method of absorption refrigeration using the novel absorption pair and absorption heating and an absorption cooling apparatus using the novel absorption pair.

Abstract: A modular building system which utilizes as a basic building block thereof an elongated hollow structural frame member preferably formed of fiberglass. The structural frame member comprises a substantially flat elongation having longitudinal slots formed at both ends thereof which slideably engage with support means in the form of other modular building blocks. The frame member further has a pair of horizontal members formed integrally therewith which extend transversely near the upper and lower ends thereof. The horizontal members are attachable to adjacent frame members for structural support. The frame member further has a U-shaped cross-section extending longitudinally over which is formed a metallic channel, also U-shaped so as to define a conduit through which electrical wiring may be pre-routed, the metal piece further serving as a surface to which interior or exterior wall panels may be attached by means of sheet metal screws or the like.

Abstract: A combustion engine driven liquid heater wherein an internal combustion engine is utilized as the primary liquid heating energy source. The internal combustion engine is submerged in a container of liquid to be heated and is adapted to operate in its submerged condition. A friction heater is also submerged in the liquid to be heated and is driven from the internal combustion engine. In addition, the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine is caused to meander throughout the liquid before exhausting to the atmosphere. The liquid thus heated is then flowed through a heat dissipation or radiation system such as might be found in the conventional home. Thus, not only is the heat of combustion and all the heat produced by the power of combustion fully utilized to heat the liquid, but in addition, the heat given off due to friction of engine parts is also captured and fully utilized.

Abstract: One of a plurality of members is rotated by driving means relative to another member around an axis, the members forming between them a narrow passage extending around the rotation axis and serving for through-flow of a liquid to be heat treated, the driving means effecting relative movement between the walls defining the narrow passage, so that the liquid flowing therethrough is heated by internal friction in the liquid. The passage has a liquid inlet spaced from the rotation axis; and the passage extends from this inlet, via a point spaced a greater distance from the axis than is the inlet, to a liquid outlet located closer to the axis than is said point.

Abstract: A heating system comprises a hydraulic pump, a heat generating chamber, and a driving means for said hydraulic pump, and besides some pipes provided therebetween for connecting them into a closed loop. An orifice is provided at the inlet of said heat generating chamber. Said pipes are filled with a kind of liquid such as oil etc. in advance. Said liquid is forced to be circulated in said pipes through each component, being driven by means of said hydraulic pump wherein the pressed liquid is jetted out into said heat generating chamber through said orifice. Thus, the loss hydraulic energy due to jetting out of the hydraulic liquid will be converted into heat energy which can be utilized as the heat source of said heating system.

Abstract: Inherent heating of the air in an oven by a high-velocity recirculating blower is used as constant rate thermal energy source. Constant temperature is maintained by varying the rate of blending of source of cooler air with the heated oven air. Automatic control of temperature is provided by a variable vent operated by a thermal expansion bellows, and a second control means is employed to prevent the oven from exceeding an adjustable maximum temperature.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for heat-fixing a heat-fixable material to a carrier in which process the heat is generated by contact between the side of the carrier face from the material and a friction element during relative motion of the carrier and the element. The apparatus includes a friction roller or belt around which the carrier is partly wrapped and which can be rotated relative to the carrier by a driving motor. The roller may comprise a material or low heat conductivity having a thin wall with the interior being filled with insulating material. The apparatus also may include a probe for measuring the temperature of the carrier material in or immediately after contact with the friction element.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a thermodynamic machine for the generation of power or for the transport of heat, where a compressible working fluid is compressed and expanded in a cycle using a vane type apparatus. Heat is added and removed from the working fluid by using another fluid within the vane unit housing together with the working fluid. The second fluid is also circulated through external heat exchange means for changing the temperature of the fluid. The working fluid may be a suitable gas, such as a halogenated hydrocarbon or carbon dioxide, and the second fluid may be a liquid such as a light oil which also can provide lubrication within the housing. The working fluid ordinarily remains within the vane type unit housing, while the second fluid is circulated through the outside heat exchanger means.

Abstract: Inherent heating of the air in an oven by a high-velocity recirculating blower is used as constant rate thermal energy source. Constant temperature is maintained by varying the rate of blending of source of cooler air with the heated oven air. Automatic control of temperature is provided by a variable vent operated by a thermal expansion bellows. The bellows is slightly responsive to ambient temperature to compensate for variations thereof.

Abstract: A system for deriving useful energy from a windmill in which a liquid pump is driven by the windmill. Useful energy is obtained by either a fluid driven generator or a friction heater. The output of the pump and the speed of the windmill are controlled by a constant volume valve in the fluid circuit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for compressing and expanding a fluid by passing said fluid through a rotating continuous flow centrifuge wherein said fluid is pressurized by centrifugal action on said fluid by said centrifuge rotor. Said rotor is provided with passageways for said fluid with vanes placed therewithin assuring that the fluid will rotate with said rotor. After compression, said fluid is passed in compressed state through nozzles near the periphery of said rotor with said nozzles oriented to discharge said fluid backward thus reducing the absolute tangential velocity of said fluid. After passing said nozzles, said fluid is passed through inward extending passageways to exit near the rotor center. Cooling is provided for said fluid during said compression, and heating is provided during expansion in said inward extending passages. As an alternate, two rotors may be employed, wherein said fluid is passed to a second rotor for said expansion and for deceleration.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for compressing fluid by passing said fluid through a rotating continuous flow centrifuge wherein said fluid is pressurized by centrifugal action on said fluid by said centrifuge rotor. Said rotor is provided with passageways for said fluid with vanes placed therewithin for assuring that the fluid will rotate with said rotor. After compressing occurs, said fluid is passed in compressed state to a second rotor wherein energy contained in said fluid is converted to work, with said fluid being passed within fluid passageways in said second rotor inwardly to an exit at center, with vanes ensuring that said fluid second rotor will rotate with said fluid for receiving the work associated with deceleration of said fluid. Cooling may be provided during compression of said fluid by circulating a coolant in heat exchange relationship with said fluid. Nozzles may be provided near the first rotor periphery for decelerating said first fluid.