Abstract: A method of generating a momentum change in a vehicle by phase changing matter in a closed system is used to change the momentum of the vehicle without the need of a combustion system for propulsion. The method uses the multi-phase dynamics of fluidic matter to create a momentum differential within a closed system that results in a momentum excess that changes the overall momentum of the system. The change of the overall momentum of the system results in a change in motion of the vehicle. The momentum differential is achieved by phase changing the fluidic matter moving through a heat exchanger. The phase change of the fluidic matter is arranged so that the momentum of the fluidic matter is reduced as the fluidic matter leaves the heat exchanger. The reduction in momentum of the fluidic matter results in the momentum differential that changes the overall momentum of the system.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use, as a liquid phase heat-transfer medium, of a fluid having a boiling point in the range of from 200° C. to 400° C. and a boiling range below 80° C., said fluid comprising more than 95% by weight isoparaffins and less than 3% by weight of naphthens, a biocarbon content of at least 95% by weight, containing less than 100 ppm by weight aromatics.

Abstract: Energy storage systems are disclosed. The systems may store energy as heat in a high temperature liquid, and the heat may be converted to electricity by absorbing radiation emitted from the high temperature liquid via one or more photovoltaic devices when the high temperature liquid is transported through an array of conduits. Some aspects described herein relate to reducing deposition of sublimated material from the conduits onto the photovoltaic devices.

Abstract: An absorber system solves problems of known absorber systems for use in solar fields in that the absorber tube is suspended on a rail below an absorber cover. The design also makes it possible to move measuring and cleaning robots and the like along the absorber tube more and allows the absorber tube and the secondary reflector to be jointly suspended, whereby an exact mutual alignment between the two components is enabled.

Abstract: A solar energy collection system includes a reflector configured to reflect and focus a majority of solar energy from visible light and infrared spectra. The solar energy collection system also includes a light trap configured to receive concentrated solar energy from the reflector. The light trap includes a black body that is configured to absorb a majority of the concentrated visible light and infrared energy and convert the absorbed energy into thermal energy.

Abstract: A solar energy collection system comprises hollow radiation absorber(s) in an enclosure, each absorber for filling with working fluid, to absorb radiation impinging thereon and transform its energy into heat to thereby heat the fluid. The system comprises an inlet non-return valve upstream of each absorber, for allowing a flow of the fluid thereto; and an outlet valve downstream of each absorber for allowing a flow of the fluid out. The system comprises a measuring device for determining parameter(s) of the fluid within each absorber, which depends on the heat absorbed thereby; and a controller that controls operation of at least the outflow valve between its open state in which the fluid can flow freely out of the associated absorber, and its closed state in which the fluid filling the associated absorber is held therein for a period of time depending on a desired change of the parameter.

Abstract: The present application relates to a vacuum solar thermal panel (1) of the type comprising: a vacuum-tight envelope (10), having at least a front plate (11) transparent to solar radiation and a support structure (12) for said front plate (11); heat-absorbing means enclosed within said vacuum-tight envelope (10); and main getter means for keeping a vacuum condition within the vacuum envelope (10); wherein the vacuum solar thermal panel (1) further comprises a pressure indicator spot (13) of reactive material deposited on an inner side of said front plate (11), said reactive material undergoing a reaction noticeable from the outside of the vacuum-tight envelope (11) when the pressure within said envelope exceeds a given threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus for solar heating of a pool may comprise a floating member, a water heater chamber (WHC) attached to the floating member, and one or more first tubes penetrating into the WHC to allow water from the pool enter the WHC. The floating member may be operable to make the WHC floatable. The apparatus may also include one or more exit ports to allow heated water from the floatable WHC to enter the pool. The floatable WHC may utilize incident solar energy to heat up water. Water may continue to flow into the floatable WHC from the pool due to convection current.

Abstract: A solar collector, comprising: (a) a plurality of thermosiphon tubes in which water flows, each tube having a top opening and a bottom opening; (b) a top manifold having a water inlet and water outlet and disposed at the top opening of the tubes, providing both a water feed into at least one of the plurality of tubes and a water exit from the rest of the tubes; and (c) a bottom basin connecting the bottom openings of the tubes. In some embodiments the plurality of tubes are divided into at least one inlet tube and the rest as outlet tubes by a stopper disposed in the top manifold.

Abstract: A solar collector includes a substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface opposite to the upper surface, a sidewall, a transparent cover, and a heat-absorbing layer. The sidewall is arranged on the top surface of the substrate. A transparent cover is disposed on the sidewall opposite to the substrate to form a sealed chamber with the substrate together. The heat-absorbing layer is disposed on the upper surface of the substrate and includes a carbon nanotube composite material.

Abstract: Heat transfer fluid in vapour only state is cycled through solar collector(s) (12) and a sensible heat storage medium (14) to transfer heat from the solar collector(s) (12) to the sensible heat storage medium (14). The heat transfer fluid is a liquid at ambient temperature, but substantially in the vapour state throughout the entire cycle when in operation.

Abstract: An embodiment of a system and method for moving an object in two or more axes includes one or more fluid containers, each of which is directly or indirectly in physical contact with the object. A volume of a fluid is placed in the one or more fluid containers. The system further includes a fluid mover operably connected to the one or more fluid containers for moving the fluid into the one or more containers, and a fluid volume control for controlling the volume of fluid in the one or more containers. By changing the volume of fluid in the one or more containers, the containers are variably pressurized, thereby moving the object in one or more axis. The object may be supported at one or more pivot points that allow the object to be moved in multiple axes.

Abstract: A solar collector system includes sheets that are disposed to cover portions of channels within a terrain to thereby form air flow passageways bounded by at least the sheet and the sides and bottom of the respective channels. The sheet enables transmission of solar radiation into the channels to heat portions of the sides and bottoms of the channels so that air in the passageways can be heated by absorbing heat from the heated portions of the sides and bottoms of the channels. A heat accumulation system is coupled to the passageways for accumulating heat from the heated air. A stream of heated air is drawn from the solar collector and/or the heat accumulation system by an upwardly sloping tunnel through a turbine of an electrical energy producing system. The air stream rotates the turbine to cause electrical energy to be generated.

Abstract: A control system and a method are disclosed for detecting and reporting a variety of faults in solar thermal systems. Detected and reported faults include a low fluid condition in a closed loop of a solar thermal system in a drain-back configuration, a pressure drop in a closed of a solar thermal system in a glycol configuration, a pressure drop in a potable water portion of a solar thermal system of either configuration. Additionally, systems and methods are disclosed for detecting and reporting power outages and heat exchanger scaling, both of which may be experienced by a solar thermal system.

Abstract: Delivering heat from modem high temperature solar collectors to storage tanks is more effectively done using a pressurized, high temperature fluid loop using nonflammable and low toxicity heat transfer fluids and is the subject of this patent. Nontoxic water/antifreeze mixtures can be used in pressurized (14#, (14 Pounds Square Inch pressure above atmosphere)) systems up to 265 degrees Fahrenheit before the mixture boils. Boiling under pressure transports either steam or heat out of the closed system. The steam must be condensed and returned to the closed loop system to keep it full. In order to accomplish this in a practical manner a pressurizing cap and overflow reservoir are used. The system will either shed excess heat collected by boiling or limit the heat input from the collector panel by increasing its heat loss due to increasing solar collector temperature above ambient.