Abstract: The underfeed stoker has a retort (6) which is located at a height `h`, an arch having a minimum width `w`. The ratio of the minimum width `w` to the height `h` is greater than 1.5 and less than 2.

Abstract: An heating drum for use in a radiant heater having a burner for the combustion of fuel, which comprises an axially corrugated barrel made of steel material and forming therein a generally cylindrical inner chamber and a plurality of annular chambers communicated with the cylindrical inner chamber and alternating with concave exterior spaces over the length thereof. The cylindrical inner chamber is defined by furrow-defining walls while each of said annular chambers is defined by a ridge-defining wall and opposedly inclined first and second annular side walls on respective sides of the associated ridge-defining wall. The barrel has one end closed and the other end adapted to seat over the burner and also has first circumferential rows of combustion gas outlet perforations, the combustion gas outlet perforations of each row being defined in at least one of the first and second annular side walls for each annular chamber.

Abstract: A spacer structure for a heating appliance is disclosed which is capable of allowing the package of the heating appliance to be significantly simplified and small-sized to reduce the cost and is simple in construction. The spacer structure includes a spacer formed into a substantially U-shape and having a pair of inward bent ends and projections provided at the inward bent ends which are fitted in through-holes of a mushroom shape to rotatably securely connect the spacer to the heating appliance.

Abstract: A radiant heater includes a tilting and focusing reflector and a burner which is mounted inside of the reflector. The reflector can be tilted to direct radiant energy from the burner in a desired direction, and the focal point of the reflector can be moved with respect to the burner to concentrate, direct, or disperse radiant energy.

Abstract: A gas-permeable thermal insulator comprising a porous ceramic body of a three-dimensional reticulate structure having interconnected open cells is adapted to be installed in a heating oven or radiant tube so that exhaust gas passes through the insulator to exit the oven or tube while the waste heat of the gas is effectively recovered for reuse. The porous ceramic body is characterized by a bulk specific gravity of 0.25-0.6, an average pore diameter of 0.2-10 mm, a porosity of 75-95%, and an air pressure drop of 0.1-40 mm in water column when air passes through the body over a thickness of 1 cm at a velocity of 1 m/sec.

Abstract: The burning cylinder for use in heating apparatuses consists of a base which is disposed to surround a heat source such as flame or red-hot material, constitutes the shell of a burning chamber and is made of a material that is high in heat-resistivity and transparent or translucent such as glass or the like and at least has its inside deposited with a coating layer of metal, e.g., Ti, Zr, Fe, etc. or a coating layer of a compound of such metals.

Abstract: A warming apparatus uses a gas burner which comprises a burner body and a plurality of tubular flame nozzles projecting radially from the burner body. The tubular nozzles have an internal diametr which ranges from about 1 mm to about 4 mm, and the projecting length of the tubular nozzles which extends from the burner body is within a range of from about 10 mm to about 40 mm. The nozzles have axially directed nozzle openings. The warming apparatus comprises the gas burner in combination with first and second radiators and a heat interception plate positioned between the burner body and the radiators.

Abstract: An improved, portable, auxiliary radiant chimney effect heater or reradiator including an inverted, conical chimney placed over and heated to the infrared spectrum by an open flame such as that provided by the burner of an otherwise conventional cooking stove. A semi-parabolic reflector surrounds the chimney and the chimney is located at the approximate focal point of the reflector. The invention functions as a chimney, by drawing combustion by-products into the chimney whereupon the chimney is heated and consumes the by-products, particularly noxious fumes and water vapor. The reflector may be provided with a casing and a handle to ease portability of the heater. For the sake of safety, forward, semi-circular guard bars and a rear, guard plate may be provided.

Abstract: A reflection-type oil stove comprises a burner assembly mounted in a generally boxlike stove body, and a concave reflector behind the burner assembly for converging the heat produced thereby. In order to hold the stove body safely distanced from any external object that may be burnt by the converged heat, a safety spacer is attached to the front edge of a drip pan, forming the bottom of the stove body, for pivotal motion between a recumbent working position and an upstanding retracted position. Generally in the shape of a flat plate, the safety spacer lies flat against the floor when in the working position under the bias of a spring. When in the retracted position, on the other hand, the safety spacer conceals a heat control knob on the stove body, making it impossible for the user to operate the stove unless the safety spacer is in the working position.

Abstract: An infrared radiating burner article, for generating infrared radiation. The article is conectable to a system for mixing air and gas and supplying such air/gas mixture thereto.The structure includes a housing, having an opening extending therethrough through which the air/gas mixture may be fired in use. The structure further includes diffuser plates, for diffusing the air/gas mixture upon firing thereof through the housing opening so as to generate substantial pressure in such air/gas mixture. The diffuser plate is secured in the housing opening in the path of movement of the air/gas mixture upon firing thereof through the housing opening. The structure further includes a refractory grid, positioned in the housing opening in the path of movement of the air/gas mixture. The refractory grid is positioned at a point in the housing opening beyond the location of the diffuser plates. The air/gas mixture is fed through the refractory grid.

Abstract: The tube-fired radiant heating system is of the type where an elongated tube is heated by hot gases of combustion which are passed. The heated tube radiates heat to the space to be heated therethrough.A burner is provided at one end of the tube to burn an air/fuel mixture. The products of combustion are forced through the tube by means of a blower provided at the tube inlet. Burning takes place within the tube. A tubular stream of air is constantly passed over the flame to protect the tube from the high heat of combustion.

Abstract: A radiant burner comprises a burner housing containing a plurality of heat transfer elements which are heated by the hot combustion product gases produced by the burner. The burner housing is arranged to direct the combustible air-gas mixture into contact with the heat transfer elements to preheat the combustible air-gas mixture before passing through the burner plate to be burned. Means are provided for directing the hot combustion product gases into contact with the heat transfer elements whereby the heat is transmitted from the combustion air-gas mixture through the heat transfer elements to preheat the combustible air-gas mixture in the burner housing.

Abstract: An infrared heater comprises a mirror-like reflecting plate, a combustion cylinder disposed in front of the reflecting plate, and a radiating cylinder disposed concentrically around the combustion cylinder. On the peripheral surface of the inner combustion cylinder are bored a plurality of apertures, while on the peripheral surface of the outer radiating cylinder are formed a plurality of apertures in offset positions in no radial alignment with the apertures of the combustion cylinder.

Abstract: An infrared energy generator, which is capable of effective operation when provided with fuel from a relatively low pressure supply, such as from a relatively mobile liquid propane tank, to radiate infrared energy over a relatively large output area, has an orifice plate in the plenum to impede fuel flow to the fuel output where combustion occurs.

Abstract: A free-standing, disposable fireplace reflector which may be placed in a fireplace behind a fire and effect reflection of both heat and light therefrom into a sitting room. The disposable nature of the reflector also allows it to be used to collect and dispose of burnt embers and the like. In a preferred form, the reflector is comprised of a laminate of aluminum sheeting affixed to a substrate of fire-retardant material.

Abstract: Space heaters employing an omnidirectional infrared radiant burner are disclosed. Cylindrical in shape, the radiant burner includes an inner cylindrical mantle comprised of three concentric fine-mesh grids which are formed from flat mesh stock. The outer of the mantle grids has a seam which is bonded to form a continuous cylinder, while the inner grids each have the shape of a split O with an open break line therein. The inner two concentric mantle grids are inserted inside the outer bonded grid, which retains them against their tendency to spring outwardly. Concentrically outward from the mantle is a larger mesh outer grid defining a radiant element, both the mantle and outer grid being retained by a pair of end caps having inner and outer annular flanges. In the lower end cap is an inlet opening for air and fuel and across the opening is a very fine mesh grid which causes turbulence and insures proper mixing of the air and fuel. The two opposed end caps are retained together by axially extending pins.

Abstract: A gas fired infrared heat generator having certain special features is disclosed. The device includes a dead man control valve within the fuel line operable from the handle and so arranged that, in conjunction with spacer means across the front of the reflector, the gas valve will close if the tool is dropped or left unattended on a surface. Multiple couplings are provided on the combustion chamber of the device for connecting the handle and gas line assembly to either the back of the combustion chamber for use of the heater in an upward direction or to one side of the combustion chamber for use on other surfaces.

Abstract: A gas-fired, infrared space-heater which is compact and has "sealed combustion", and which is particularly suited for small recreational vehicles and for boating and camping installations. A vent for the products of combustion is provided through a flue which is surrounded by a concentric fresh air inlet pipe which provides a heat-exchange relationship to heat the incoming air by the gases being exhausted.

Abstract: A heating panel for use in explosion-prone furnaces comprises a heating element on the inner side thereof, and on the outer side of the heating element a series of spaced parallel sheets of aluminum foil which, in the case of an explosion, simply blow out and are easily replaceable. The panel is rectangular and bordered with insulating material and it is contemplated that a plurality of the panels can be assembled in side-by-side relationship. The heating element may be electrical or run on gas or oil.