Abstract: A gas burner is provided for use on the inlet end of a fire tube, and includes a mixer having attached to it a gas delivery pipe, fuel gas and air being combined in the mixer to provide mixed gas and air. A venturi is secured at its inlet end to the mixer to receive the flow of gas and air, the venturi serving to draw air into the mixer. A burner nozzle is affixed to the venturi outlet end and the burner nozzle and extends within the fire tube. A perforated tube surrounds the mixer/venturi and at least a portion of the burner nozzle. A sound absorbing flame cell housing surrounds the perforated tube. A flame arrestor closes an air inlet opening in the flame cell housing air and serves to permit air to pass into the flame cell housing but prohibits the passage of flame therethrough so that flame is confined within the interior of the flame cell housing.

Abstract: A combustion and heating chamber into which a fluid is pumped under pressure is provided. A burner is positioned in the combustion and heating chamber to provide a heat load to the pressurized fluid in the chamber. As the fluid is heated its internal pressure is greatly raised providing a force for driving the heated air through a spiral conduit that encircles the combustion and heating chamber. An insulated outer wall is fitted around the spiral conduit and in contact with it. The individual wraps of the spiral conduit do not lay side by side, but are spaced apart. Relatively cool process air is drawn into the spaces between the separate wraps of the spiral conduit, which is thereby formed as a second spiral space intertwined with the spiral conduit between the combustion and heating chamber wall and the outer wall. The process fluid is therefore in contact with the walls of the spiral conduit.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for transferring heat to a fluid from combustion gases including a housing (12) extending between a first end (14) and a second end (16). The apparatus further includes a burner (24) in which a combustible gas and oxygen react to form hot combustion gases which flow from the burner to a gas outlet (28) in the second end. The fluid flows in a length of helically coiled tubing (30) extending the length of the housing. The tubing includes a fin portion (36) which is spirally wound about the length of tubing. The apparatus further includes a core member (40) which extends within the coils of the tubing, and which engages the tubing. The core member includes a spirally-wound threaded area (62) about which the tubing is wrapped. The core member further includes a recessed portion (66) which creates stagnant air pocket adjacent the end of the core member.

Abstract: The invention provides in one broad aspect an improved process fluid preheater system for raising the temperature of a process fluid with a hot furnace gas, having a combustion furnace in communication with a shell and tube heat exchanger, wherein the furnace operably produce the hot furnace gas and comprises air inlet means, fossil fuel combustion means and hot furnace gas exit means; and the heat exchanger comprises an exchanger shell, a first end radial tube sheet and a second end radial tube sheet, which define a shell space; a plurality of longitudinal tubes retained by the first and second end tube sheets within the shell and comprising heat exchange means; hot furnace gas inlet means; cooled furnace gas outlet means; process gas inlet means; and heated process fluid outlet means; the improvement comprising the plurality of tubes further comprises the hot furnace gas inlet means and the cooled furnace gas outlet means; the hot furnace gas exit means in communication with the plurality of tubes furnace g

Abstract: The heat exchanger of a gravity flow wall furnace defines a tortuous, mostly vertical path for the combustion gases to improve heat transfer to the room. The gases are directed upwardly in a combustion chamber and then split into two portions and conducted through two radiators having paths which extend downwardly adjacent to but spaced from the chamber and then upwardly again leading to a flue. The chamber and the radiators are oriented edgewise with respect to the wall so that all can fit within the space between a pair of studdings in a conventional stud wall.

Abstract: A total counterflow heat exchanger comprising a system of partitions dividing an interior chamber into a series of channels which coincide with the path of a duct through that interior chamber. A substance at one temperature is passed through the duct, and a substance at a second temperature is passed through the channels, thereby creating a temperature differential gradient over which thermal energy is transfered from one substance to the other as the substances flow through the heat exchanger. The arrangement of the partitions permits a substance to pass back and forth through the channels in the heat exchanger along the same path as the duct, so that while the substance may flow through the heat exchanger at the same net rate as if the partitions were not present, the length of the heat exchange gradient may be increased many times, therefore enhancing the efficiency of the gradient and the heat exchanger.

Abstract: An improved heating system is disclosed for providing heated air to a heated space, preferably using a gaseous fuel as the energy source. The system preferably includes an air heating sub-system, a compact combustion chamber, a separate cold air supply sub-system for conveying cold air from the heated space to the air heating sub-system, a combustion chamber heat exchanger in fluid with the cold air supply sub-system for transferring heat thereto, and a separate air circulating sub-system for withdrawing cold circulating air from the heated space. A mixing chamber is provided for mixing heated air from the air heating sub-system with the cold circulating air to provide heated air to the space. The system also preferably includes separate sub-systems for supplying pressurized combustion air and pressurized gaseous fuel to the air heating sub-system and for forcibly conveying exhaust gases therefrom without the need for a draft-type chimney or stack.

Abstract: A heating installation for local use is disclosed which is to be operated by aggregate fuel having both direct and indirect thermal emission, with a reactor receiving the combustion chamber, and a waste-heat flue above the reactor as well as an outer heat accumulator case, wherein a waste-heat flue is disposed in the space above the reactor and which flue is essentially developed by having a helical elevation between an outer heat accumulator case and an inner heat accumulator case, while air channels are formed opening into the inner space of the air space to be heated between the reactor case which is made of metal encircling directly the reactor case and the outer heat accumulator case which is connected with at least one, adherent part of the combustion chamber, while it is also connected with the air space to be heated, wherein both the outer and inner heat accumulator cases are of hollow walls, and are fitted together from ring-shaped ceramic modular elements, wherein the modular elements have section-s

Abstract: The ceramic shell of a stove encloses a firing chamber and a helical flue gas passage and is composed of superimposed blocks, each of which has the same cross-sectional shape as the corresponding height portion of the shell. The bottom block consists of a bottom tub. The uppermost block consists of a cover provided with a smoke outlet for connection to a smoke pipe. The intermediate blocks comprise at least one set of blocks which are substantially identical in shape. In order to facilitate the building of the stove and to ensure an improved utilization of the heat of the flue gases, each of the blocks has in each end face confronting an adjacent block an annular groove, which is covered by the adjacent block and contains a refractory sealing cord, which seals the joint between said adjacent blocks. The firing chamber is surrounded by a refractory insert structure, which is disposed within the blocks that surround the firing chamber.

Abstract: This invention is a device for pyrolyzing waste materials comprising a low - temperature carbonizing reactor. The reactor includes a longitudinally extending tubular vessel adapted to be loaded with waste materials to be pyrolyzed and a flue gas duct which surrounds a shell of the carbonizing reactor, which defines an annular space which concentrically surrounds the tubular vessel, and which is adapted to have hot flue gases passed therethrough for the purpose of heating the shell of the reactor. The flue gas duct contains a baffle for maintaining turbulent flow about the reactor and for uniformly distributing the flue gases about the periphery of the tubular vessel. The baffle comprises a plurality of heat conducting elements which are disposed in planes which contain the longitudinal axis of the annular space and a plurality being disposed in planes extending at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the annular space.

Abstract: A heater for burning particulate fuels in which a stream of air carrying combustible particles is injected upward into a combustion chamber (22) between two spaced perforated tubular members (33, 34), the outer member being taller. A deflector (55) located within the outer member and above the inner member causes the stream to flow outward and then upwardly, and helical vanes (139) may be provided between the members. A gun-type oil burner (61) is located below the members for initially heating them and igniting the particles. Particulate fuel is supplied through an auger 70 from a bin 71 which contains springs 77 rotated to prevent bridging or caking of the material. Rotation of the springs and drive of the auger are powered by a common motor 80.

Abstract: A heating boiler having a combustion chamber, a chimney and preferably curved channels connecting the chamber to the chimney. The combustion chamber is preferably of good aerodynamic shape on the outside and located next to the chimney. The channels preferably join the chimney tangentially, and means are provided for blowing a fluid over the entire heating surface of the chamber and the chimney.

Abstract: A heat jacket and flue assembly includes an air inlet in the attic for communication with humid outside air and an outlet adjacent the furnace in communication with the area to be heated. A fan moves air from the outside through the attic into the heat jacket and flue assembly where it is heated by the smoke being exhausted through the flue pipe and then it is distributed to the area to be heated directly or through the furnace.

Abstract: A floor furnace heating system including a specially constructed floor furnace adapted to discharge heated air at floor level with a strong radially outward motion component so as to spread horizontally over most of the room area before rising due to its lowered density, the cold air returns to the furnace also being disposed to assist in this spreading of the heated air at lower levels of the room.

Abstract: This disclosure teaches a heater which is especially well suited to handle large flows of a process stream at low pressure losses. A cylindrical sleeve is mounted by means of a bellows inwardly of a cylindrical shell to separate an inner hot gas flow space from an annular outer process flow space. The sleeve encloses an entrance combustion zone and has an exit end. A baffle is mounted inwardly of the sleeve with a closed end projecting into the exit end of the sleeve to channel the hot gas into an annular convection space bordered outwardly by the sleeve. Extended surface projects from the sleeve into the process flow space and additional extended surface projects from the sleeve into the convection space.