Abstract: An evaporating system for separating at least two liquids mixed with one another includes a reactor vessel for receiving the mixture from an inlet, the mixture having a mixture level in the reactor vessel, a blowing-in device for blowing a gaseous aerating agent into the mixture and absorbing the first liquid, a heating device for heating the mixture, an outlet for discharging the aerating agent and the absorbed first liquid, and an inlet for introducing a gaseous fluid above the mixture level to generate a gaseous transport stream to the outlet.

Abstract: There is provided a mixing device (2) for a beverage and CO2 gas for producing carbonated beverage. The mixing device (2) having a mixing channel (4) extending in a main direction (10). The mixing channel (4) includes: wide channel sections (16) and narrow channel sections (18) along the main direction (10). The mixing channel (4) has an elongated cross section seen in a direction perpendicular to the main direction (10). At least a first delimiting surface (22) of the mixing channel (4) is provided with protrusions (20) extending at least partially along the first delimiting surface (22) in a direction across the mixing channel (4) and protruding towards a second delimiting surface (24) of the mixing channel (4) to form the narrow channel sections (18). A turbulent flow of beverage is created by the narrow and wide channel sections. Further a carbonator for producing carbonated beverage, an appliance having a carbonator, and a method of producing a carbonated beverage are provided.

Abstract: A method of capturing carbon dioxide emitted by a power plant includes providing a reactor vessel having a shell with a top and a bottom, introducing an exhaust gas stream into the reactor vessel, the exhaust gas stream containing carbon dioxide, whereby the exhaust gas stream rises toward the top of the reactor vessel. The method includes introducing an organic sorbent solution into the reactor vessel near the top of the reactor vessel so that the organic sorbent solution falls toward the bottom of the reactor vessel, mixing the rising exhaust gas stream with the falling organic sorbent solution to precipitate calcium carbonate, and removing the calcium carbonate from the bottom of the reactor vessel, whereby the calcium carbonate includes the carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas stream.

Abstract: A sugar aeration clarifier includes: multi-stage flocculator having a chemical injection port an aeration mixing chamber; a separation tank having an inlet distributor, separator plate pack, effluent discharge weir, and inclined sludge plate; an adjustable height clear well riser overflowing into a clear well; an aeration injector recirculating clarified sugar syrup from the clear well to the aeration mixing chamber; and a skimmer to remove agglomerated retentate from the separation tank surface over the sludge plate into a sludge collector portion.

Abstract: Device for clarifying sugar syrup from a sugared juice, such as raw juice from sugar cane or from sugar beet, containing sugar and impurities. The device includes the sub-systems for facilitating coagulation and flocculation of the sugar syrup in order to obtain a clarified syrup, aeration filtration of the sugar syrup in order to obtain a retentate (mud) and a filtrate (clarified syrup), concentration of the retentate at the surface of the sugar syrup, further concentration of retentate during its removal from the sugar syrup surface, steps and device in order to obtain clarified syrup and mud in order that they are both subjected to further sugar mill refining operations.

Abstract: A sugar refining process uses carbon dioxide obtained from a module containing a plurality of gas-permeable polymeric membranes. Flue gas from a boiler is scrubbed, and then passed through the gas-separation module. The output of the module contains an enhanced concentration of carbon dioxide, in the range of about 20% by volume. The carbon dioxide enhanced gas is then directed into a reactor in which raw sugar is exposed to carbon dioxide to cause carbonation, an essential step in the decolorization of the raw sugar. The same boiler used to produce the carbon dioxide is also used to produce steam which drives the reaction. The present invention provides carbon dioxide for carbonation in a highly efficient manner, as the gas separation membrane has no moving parts and requires little maintenance. The invention is especially suited for retrofitting existing sugar refining plants, to improve their efficiency, at a relatively small cost.

Abstract: Apparatus for conditioning freshly ground confectioners' sugar employs a closed vessel with an inlet for unconditioned sugar, an outlet for conditioned sugar, and an agitating unit which is installed in the vessel and not only agitates the admitted material but also conveys it toward the outlet into the range of a feed screw. The bottom of the vessel is permeable to gases and receives air which has been conditioned to have an optimum temperature and moisture content prior to admission into the vessel. Spent air is evacuated through a duct which contains a filter serving to intercept conditioned sugar. The conditioned air can heat or cool, increase the moisture content or reduce the moisture content of sugar in the vessel.

Abstract: In a process for the production of sugar thick juice from lime-containing raw juice and wherein carbon dioxide and soda are added to the lime-containing raw juice in at least one carbonation step, and wherein the thin juice is preheated and evaporated to form thick juice, ammonia in the form of gaseous spent heating medium originating from the preheating of the thin juice is added to the lime-containing raw juice. The method of the invention results in a reduction of the consumption of soda in the carbonation step and in an increased sugar yield.

Abstract: A process is provided for utilizing the waste heat content of condensate and/or vapor produced in the manufacture of sugar in which thin juice is cooled, subjected to one or more stages of flash evaporation to concentrate and further cool the juice, after which it is heated with condensate and/or vapor produced elsewhere in the sugar manufacturing process and with incoming thin juice thereby heating the outgoing juice to substantially its original temperature and providing the cooling of the incoming thin juice. In another embodiment completely purified thin juice is concentrated in a multiple effect evaporating plant wherein the vapor produced in the final evaporator is compressed and is returned selectively to one of the preceding evaporators of the evaporating plant for use in heating the juice.

Abstract: A process for the purification of evaporated sugar solutions prior to cryllization, utilizing the discovery that most of the suspended non-sugar particles within the evaporated sugar solution are hydrophobic in nature and thus thrown out of solution during the loss of water during the evaporation process, by thoroughly mixing air in large quantities with the evaporated sugar solution containing such particles and repeatedly subjecting the mixture of air, sugar solution and non-sugar particles to high shear forces by a surging flow with flow reversals through an aerator so as to produce a uniform creamy mixture of micron size bubbles to which the non-sugar particles are intimately and mechanically attached, having moved out of the evaporated sugar solution because of the hydrophobic character of the particles. Optionally, this aggregation of the particles with the micron size bubbles may be further increased by a controlled addition of an anionic partially hydrolized polyacrylamide following aeration.

Abstract: Apparatus for the purification of evaporated sugar solution prior to cryslization in which the evaporated sugar solution is mechanically transformed in an in-line continuous process into a homogeneous creamy mixture of sugar solution and hydrophobic particles of non-sugars attached to micron size bubbles from which the sugar solution is separated. The apparatus through which the evaporated sugar solution is passed to so transform it for purification includes, in order, an open-top pump supply tank into which the solution is discharged to revolve about an outlet in the tank so as to form a vortex in the tank outlet drawing large bubbles of air into the solution, a standpipe connecting the tank outlet to the inlet of a centrifugal pump having a high speed impeller with straight radial blades, the standpipe and supply tank having such a relationship to the pump as to provide a pump suction static head only slightly greater than the vapor pressure of the evaporated sugar solution.

Abstract: A process for clarifying by flocculation a turbid liquid which forms a foam with injected gas and which contains material that, with gas, will form a floatable floc. A gas compatible with the liquid is injected into the liquid in order to form foam atop the body of liquid, and components of a floc within the body of liquid. The liquid after said treatment with gas is permitted to reside quietly so that the floc components form a floatable floc and rise to the surface of the body of liquid. Clarified liquid collects below the floc. Gas for injection into the body of liquid can be withdrawn from a region containing the foam, whereby to recover liquid from the foam, thereby substantially eliminating loss of liquid as foam.

Abstract: A smoke stack which receives at the lower end thereof dirty hot waste gases and receives adjacent the upper and thereof a constant flow of raw cold juice, the juice and the gases flowing in contra directions. A dual purpose is achieved since the cold juice flowing downwardly against the upward flow of the hot gases will result in the separation of charcoal and other impurities from the hot gas and the cold juice will be heated to the boiling point without the necessity of using separate fuel to produce steam for this purpose.