Abstract: The invention relates to providing novel functions to the coaxial breathing circuits which at present do not comprise water traps, by adding a closed system water trap designed to have an inkwell shape and a lung pressure measurement port to said circuits wherein the fluid collected in the bottle section can be discharged without having to open the bottle by means of a drainage luer port located at the base of the bottle and a needleless apparatus that has been inserted into the port, and an injector.

Abstract: A system provides warm, humidified pas to a patient via a patient interface. Horizontal connections can be used between the humidification chamber and conduit. To reduce the likelihood of condensate flowing back to the humidification chamber, or dead space or gases recirculation regions occurring within the gases flow path, a raised portion is positioned inside of the flow path to improve flow characteristics and to provide a barrier for condensate back flow. The raised portion also reduces the amount of condensate that is formed in the system and provides better flow characteristics for sensing purposes.

Abstract: A conduit for communicating a flow of breathing gas from a pressure generating device to the airway of a patient. The conduit includes a first end which is structured to be coupled to the pressure generating device for receiving the flow of breathing gas and an opposite second end which is structured to be coupled to a patient interface device. The conduit further includes an active control element positioned at or near the second end; a first heating wire connected between the active control element and a first connection terminal positioned at or about the first end; and a second heating wire connected between the active control element and a second connection terminal positioned at or about the first end. Each of the first and second connection terminals are structured to be connected to a tube power supply.

Abstract: A sedation device (1) has a housing (2) having a ventilator chamber (3) and an associated patient chamber (4) in communication with the ventilator chamber (3). A filter (5) is mounted between the ventilator chamber (3) and the patient chamber (4) and forms a common gas-permeable dividing wall between the ventilator chamber (3) and the patient chamber (4). An inlet port (6) is provided on the ventilator chamber (3) for connection via a Y-piece to a ventilator. An outlet port (9) of the patient chamber (4) connects via a patient breathing tube (10) with a patient. An associated pair of inserts are provided, namely a first insert (14) fixedly mounted in the ventilator chamber (3) and a second insert (15) fixedly mounted in the patient chamber (4). One or both of these inserts (14, 15) are mounted within the housing (2) to vary the internal volume of the housing (2) as required to suit different patients. The inserts (14, 15) are nestably engageable with an inner wall of the housing (2).

Abstract: A system for preventing cross-contamination in single-limb ventilators is described. In one embodiment, the system includes an airflow generator connected in-line to a humidifier, a first check valve and a patient interface by a gas flow circuit. A controller is electrically coupled to the airflow generator, and a cartridge is connected to the gas flow circuit between a first point downstream of the humidifier and a second point upstream of the patient interface. The cartridge includes a bacteria filter and the first check valve. A method for preventing cross-contamination in single-limb ventilators and a method for providing gaseous flow through a single-limb ventilator are also described.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to medical tubes and methods of manufacturing medical tubes. The tube may be a composite structure made of two or more distinct components that are spirally wound to form an elongate tube. For example, one of the components may be a spirally wound elongate hollow body, and the other component may be an elongate structural component also spirally wound between turns of the spirally wound hollow body The tube need not be made from distinct components, however. For instance, an elongate hollow body formed (e.g., extruded) from a single material may be spirally wound to form an elongate tube. The elongate hollow body itself may in transverse cross-section have a thin wall portion and a relatively thicker or more rigid reinforcement portion. The tubes can be incorporated into a variety of medical circuits or may be employed for other medical uses.

Abstract: Technologies (e.g., devices, systems and methods) for sanitizing positive airway pressure (PAP) systems are described. In some embodiments, the technologies include a PAP delivery system comprising a hose and a PAP mask, a positive pressure supply system configured to generate a flow of pressurized air which is delivered to a user through the hose to the PAP mask of the PAP delivery system, a sanitizing system configured to sanitize one or more components of the self-sanitizing PAP system, and a PAP base unit housing, wherein one or more components of the positive pressure supply system and the sanitizing system are disposed at least partially within the PAP base unit housing.

Abstract: A respiratory assistance apparatus (4) is provided, adapted to deliver gases to a user or patient (1). The apparatus (4) comprises a housing (10) provided with a chamber (5) and a heater (25), the chamber (5) comprising at least one gas port (15) connected to, or arranged to be connected to, at least one intermediate passageway (12). The apparatus (4) is operative according to a disinfection mode of predetermined profile in which the heater (25) heats liquid in the chamber (5) to produce vapour at or above a target dewpoint temperature and/or humidity level. The apparatus (4) is arranged such that the vapour is delivered to the intermediate passageway (12) to disinfect the intermediate passageway (12) with moist heat throughout a predetermined duration of the disinfection mode. Associated attachments and methods are also provided.

Abstract: A device (102) provides respiratory treatment for SDB (including mild OSA) and other respiratory conditions. A flow generator warms and humidifies gas at controlled flow levels. For example, the device (102) delivers breathable gas to the upper airway at flow rates of about 10-35 Liters/minute. Levels of flow rate, temperature and/or humidification of the device may be automatically adjusted in response to the detection of SDB events. The device may also automatically deliver adjustments of any of the levels in accordance with detected phases of respiratory cycles. In sane embodiments, the device automatically delivers distinct levels to either of the nares based on independent control of flow to each nare. A warm-up procedure controls temperature and humidity at a desired target during a ramp-up of flow to the set therapy level. A cool-down procedure controls temperature above the dewpoint to avoid condensation internal to the device and patient interface.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide for an inspiratory limb for a breathing circuit that includes a first segment that comprises a first heater wire circuit and a second segment that comprises a second heater wire circuit. The inspiratory limb can include an intermediate connector that includes a connection circuit that electrically couples the first heater wire circuit to the second heater wire circuit. The inspiratory limb can be configured to operate in two modes wherein, in a first mode, electrical power passes through the first electrical connection to provide power to the first heater wire circuit without providing power to the second heater wire circuit, and in a second mode, electrical power pass through the first electrical connection to provide power to both the first heater wire circuit and the second heater wire circuit.

Abstract: A face mask apparatus is formed with a breathing chamber that provides adjustable warm and humidified air for inhalation. The breathing chamber heats cold air that is breathed in through the face mask during normal breathing, which is worn over the nose and mouth of a person. A temperature gauge monitors temperature for future adjustment of the amount of heat generating current. The air in the chamber is heated for inhalation by a resistive carbon fiber tape. The temperature of the resistive material (and by extension the warm air generated), is regulated/adjusted by increasing or decreasing the current output settings on the power source. Warm and humidified air is produced. The face mask may be part of a balaclava hood or a hat, or to other head gear, or as a stand-alone with straps around the head, optionally with an adjustable solar powered battery.

Abstract: An adaptive gas mixture controller system. A pulse oximeter interface receives pulse oximeter data. A gas blender interface communicates with a separate externally connected gas blender. A processor receives pulse oximeter data via the pulse oximeter interface and outputs data to the gas blender interface for adaptive feedback control of the gas mixture based upon the SpO2 level signals from the pulse oximeter interface. When the processor receives data from the gas blender indicating that the gas mixture has been manually changed, enters a manual override mode and halts sending adaptive feedback control signals to the gas blender. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.

Abstract: A conduit for a breathing circuit includes a heater associated, at least in part, with a hydrophilic layer. The purpose of the heater is to evaporate any condensed liquid collecting in the conduit, which is first sucked up by the hydrophilic layer. The heated wick reduces the risk of collected water being passed to the patient and causing choking fits or discomfit. It is preferred that the heated wick lies freely in the conduit to settle at low points in the conduit where condensation may collect.

Abstract: A mouthpiece insert for personal protective equipment (PPE) includes a body defining an air passage. The air passage includes a first extending portion and a second extending portion in fluid communication with the first extending portion. A first orifice is formed in the first extending portion. The first orifice is configured to face a user's nose. A second orifice is formed in the first extending portion. The second orifice is configured to face the user's mouth. A third orifice is formed in the second extending portion. The third orifice is configured to be positioned below the user's chin. The air passage provides airflow from outside a PPE mask to the user's nose and mouth.

Abstract: A handheld air sampler device for enrichment of airborne substances and/or particles, in particular microorganisms, includes: an inlet configured for air intake into a flow channel; an outlet configured for fluidic ally connecting the flow channel to an external vacuum device; a permeable backing element arranged in the flow channel, the backing element being configured to receive and support a filter element; and a sealing element configured for sealing a filter element received on the backing element such that, when a negative pressure is applied to the outlet, air entering the inlet forms an airstream passing the filter element and airborne substances and/or particles, in particular microorganisms, are enriched in the filter element. An air sampling arrangement includes a handheld air sampler device of this type.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide for an inspiratory limb for a breathing circuit that includes a first segment that comprises a first heater wire circuit and a second segment that comprises a second heater wire circuit. The inspiratory limb can include an intermediate connector that includes a connection circuit that electrically couples the first heater wire circuit to the second heater wire circuit. The inspiratory limb can be configured to operate in two modes wherein, in a first mode, electrical power passes through the first electrical connection to provide power to the first heater wire circuit without providing power to the second heater wire circuit, and in a second mode, electrical power pass through the first electrical connection to provide power to both the first heater wire circuit and the second heater wire circuit.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a belt, which molds a heating member 13 by 20 to 98 parts by weight selecting at least one of nonferrous metals constituted by tourmaline, bentonite, pozzolan, mica, red clay, zeolite, magnesium oxide, white clay, calcium, and silica, 0.1 to 30 parts by weight selecting at least one of A type Tio sol, Ag sol, and Zno having a particle size of 5 to 20 nm, graphene 01 to 10 parts by weight having a particle size of 0.20 to 2.25 nm, and functional metal colloidal 0.05 to 8 parts by weight having a size of 1 to 10 nm by selecting at least one of Ag, Au, Zn Pt, and Y, 20 to 98 parts by weight are combined by selecting at least one of the nonferrous metals and thereafter, ground into particle sizes of 500 to 1500 meshes.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a humidification system includes a heater base having a heater plate, a humidification chamber, and circuit. The circuit can include various conduits, including an inspiratory conduit, expiratory conduit, Y-piece, patient conduit, and/or dry conduit. In use, the chamber contains a quantity of liquid. The heater base heats the heater plate, which in turn heats the liquid to a temperature that causes at least some of the liquid to become vapor, thereby humidifying the gases within the chamber. The gas is delivered to the patient via the inspiratory conduit. Various features can help control the system and ensure the patient receives gases having the desired conditions. These features can be used individually or in various combinations and subcombinations both in existing humidification systems and improved systems for respiratory humidification, laparoscopy, and other purposes.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide for an inspiratory limb for a breathing circuit that includes a first segment that comprises a first heater wire circuit and a second segment that comprises a second heater wire circuit. The inspiratory limb can include an intermediate connector that includes a connection circuit that electrically couples the first heater wire circuit to the second heater wire circuit. The inspiratory limb can be configured to operate in two modes wherein, in a first mode, electrical power passes through the first electrical connection to provide power to the first heater wire circuit without providing power to the second heater wire circuit, and in a second mode, electrical power pass through the first electrical connection to provide power to both the first heater wire circuit and the second heater wire circuit.

Abstract: A mask assembly for delivering pressurized gas to a patient comprising a mask having an inspiratory port and an expiratory port located on generally opposite sides, wherein said ports are sized, oriented, positioned, and/or spaced apart a sufficient distance to allow a cross-flow of pressurized gas to flow through the mask assembly; an outlet limb connected to the expiratory port and having an aperture in pneumatic communication with the breathing chamber; the aperture size being variable between a first, open configuration and at least one second configuration that is different from the first. A ventilation system for delivering pressurized gas to a patient comprising a seal formed with the patient's airways and in pneumatic communication with a plenum chamber; an exchanger positioned at least partially within the plenum chamber, and in pneumatic communication with inspiratory and expiratory flow paths, to recover heat and/or moisture from gas exhaled by the patient.

Abstract: Breathing assistance apparatus includes a gases supply unit adapted to, in use, deliver a stream of pressurised gases from an outlet. The gases supply unit is adapted to vary the pressure of the stream of pressurised gases. A supply path includes a flexible self-supporting gases transportation pathway having a first end connected to the outlet so that the gases transportation pathway receives the stream of gases and conveys the gases to a patient. A patient interface is connected to the second end of the gases transportation pathway receives a stream of gases. At least one sensor measures at least one information parameter of the supply path. A control system associated with the gases supply unit receives the information parameter. The control system contains reference data, and compares the received data to reference data, and determines a supply path based on the comparison.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an temperature control system of an e-cigarette, which includes a power supply, a liquid guiding member, and a heating element, and further includes an operating voltage input unit separately connected to the power supply and the heating element, a temperature detection unit including a voltage detection module and a temperature processing module that are connected to each other, and an operating voltage adjusting unit separately connected to the temperature processing module and the heating element. According to the present invention, a temperature of the heating element is controlled by using the temperature control system. This avoids the following problems: When the e-cigarette operates, because the temperature of the heating element increases with a longer operating time, the liquid guiding member is burnt or e-liquid molecules are cracked to produce a burnt taste, thereby affecting human health as well as smoke taste and user experience.

Abstract: An e-vapor apparatus may include a pod assembly and a dispensing body configured to receive the pod assembly. A vaporizer may be disposed in the pod assembly and/or the dispensing body. The pod assembly may include a vapor precursor compartment, a device compartment, and a vapor channel extending from the device compartment and traversing the vapor precursor compartment. The pod assembly is a smart pod configured to receive, store, and transmit information that can be communicated with the dispensing body and/or another electronic device. The proximal portion of the dispensing body includes a vapor passage and a through-hole. The vapor passage may extend from an end surface of the proximal portion to a side wall of the through-hole. The through-hole is configured to receive the pod assembly such that the vapor channel of the pod assembly is aligned with the vapor passage of the dispensing body.

Abstract: A dose unit including at least one isolated bioactive agent applied on a carrier material in thermal contact with an electrically heating element configured to vaporize a pre-determined amount of the agent for pulmonary delivery thereof is provided herein, as well as devices for effecting vaporization and pulmonary delivery of the isolated agent, and methods for preparing the dose unit, controllably releasing the agent therefrom, methods for pulmonary delivery thereof and methods of treatment of medical conditions treatable by pulmonary delivery of the isolated bioactive agent.

Abstract: A ventilation tube system for breathing gas for ventilating patients is provided, the system having a first inhalation tube (1) connectable to a respiratory humidifier (3) and to a Y-piece (5); a second inhalation tube (7) connectable to a respirator (9) and to the respiratory humidifier (3); and an exhalation tube (11) connectable to the respirator (9) and to the Y-piece (5); wherein at least certain portions of the first inhalation tube (1) and the exhalation tube (11) each comprise tube heaters having at least one heating wire (15, 17) wherein each of the tube heaters is controllable by a power supply and control unit inside the respiratory humidifier (3) wherein a power supply line (13) of the tube heater of the exhalation tube (11) starts from a link of the second inhalation tube (7) at the respiratory humidifier (3) and proceeds from there via the second inhalation tube (7) and a connecting element (21) separate from the respirator (9).

Abstract: An e-vapor apparatus may include a pod assembly and a dispensing body configured to receive the pod assembly. A vaporizer may be disposed in the pod assembly and/or the dispensing body. The pod assembly may include a vapor precursor compartment, a device compartment, and a vapor channel extending from the device compartment and traversing the vapor precursor compartment. The pod assembly is a smart pod configured to receive, store, and transmit information that can be communicated with the dispensing body and/or another electronic device. The proximal portion of the dispensing body includes a vapor passage and a through-hole. The vapor passage may extend from an end surface of the proximal portion to a side wall of the through-hole. The through-hole is configured to receive the pod assembly such that the vapor channel of the pod assembly is aligned with the vapor passage of the dispensing body.

Abstract: A breath condensate collector (10) comprising a chamber having a breath inlet port (14) and an outlet port (16); a sample collector, adapted to receive breath from the chamber outlet and having air exhaust means; cooling means (112) to promote in use condensation of vapor from breath entering the sample collector and where collector comprises a partially lidded dish (110).

Abstract: An airway device includes an airway tube having a first end surrounded by a laryngeal cuff which includes a back dorsal portion, a front face portion and a tip portion. The front face portion is shaped to form an anatomical fit over the laryngeal inlet of a patient, and to form a seal with the laryngeal inlet of the patient. The tip portion includes an annular sealing bulge which is adapted to wedge into an upper esophagus region of the patient. The annular sealing bulge improves sealing of the tip of the laryngeal cuff in the upper esophageal region of the patient. The annular sealing bulge is preferably formed from a soft polymeric or other plastics material with a Shore hardness of between 40 and 000 on the A scale, and allows for better sealing with a more variable range of upper esophageal anatomical features.

Abstract: A tracheal tube assembly includes an outer cannula configured to be positioned in a patient airway and an inner cannula configured to be disposed inside the outer cannula. The tracheal tube assembly further includes a flange member secured about the outer cannula, and an outer cannula connector coupled to a proximal end of the outer cannula. The inner cannula includes a proximal end region with features that facilitate insertion and/or removal.

Abstract: A patient interface includes a sealing arrangement adapted to provide an effective seal with the patient's nose, an inlet conduit arrangement adapted to deliver breathable gas to the sealing arrangement, and a cover that substantially encloses the sealing arrangement and/or the inlet conduit arrangement.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for the administration of positive airway pressure therapies. The apparatus can include a housing, a blower and a mask. The housing is configured to be stably secured on the head of a patient. The blower is secured relative to the housing. A mask in fluid communication with the blower is configured to communicate pressurized air produced at least in part by the blower to the airways of a user.

Abstract: The invention described herein is directed to method of treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, comprising administering an effective amount of an osmolyte by at least one nasal cannula to a subject in need thereof. Also provided is a nasal cannula system for delivering an osmolyte, comprising a nebulizer and tubing having two ends, where the first end of the tubing is connected to the nebulizer and the second end of the tubing is tapered to fit in the nostril of a subject.

Abstract: The gases temperature supplied to a patient when the patient is undergoing treatment such as oxygen therapy or positive pressure treatment for conditions such as Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is often measured for safety and to enable controlling of the humidity delivered to the patient. The apparatus is related to measurement of properties, particularly temperature (thermister 23), of gases flowing through a heated tube (3), supplying gases to a patient, which utilizes the heating wire (21, 28) within the tube.

Abstract: A wire adjuster for adjusting a position of an element within a limb of a breathing circuit is described. The wire adjuster includes an interior wall engaging portion configured for engaging a surrounding interior wall of said limb and an element receiving portion coupled with the interior wall engaging portion, wherein the element receiving portion is configured for releasably securing the element as the wire adjuster is movably engaging with the surrounding interior wall, such that the wire adjuster can be used to selectively locate an element within the limb of the breathing circuit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mask cover assembly wherein a mask cover body is separably assembled with an exhaust valve and a mask main body, which enables replacement of the aforementioned elements. The mask main body has a semi-spherical cap form and is provided throughout the rim of an inner surface thereof with a face contact cushion member formed by pressing cotton or gauze to have a constant thickness. The mask cover body is configured to enclose the mask main body and is integrally formed at opposite lateral positions thereof with band hanger portions. The exhaust valve body is coupled to an exhaust valve mount of the mask cover body. An exhaust valve cap, an outer filter and a thin rubber plate are axially inserted into the exhaust valve body. Additionally, a coupling member is secured to the mask main body with an inner filter interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A patient interface that provides breathable gas to a person has a face engaging cushion that includes an internal cavity. In the internal cavity fluid is located, and a control means that is capable of communicating with the fluid can incite change to a property or to properties of the fluid.

Abstract: A powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) with an active heating system. The PAPR includes a powered air component designed to be carried by a user of the PAPR, the powered air component including a fan and a filter, wherein the fan draws air from a user's environment through the filter. The PAPR further includes an electronically controlled active heating element and a control system. The control system varies the power provided to the heating element and further disables the heating element when potential overheating of the heating element is detected. The present invention further includes a heating module for use with a PAPR. The heating module includes an electronically controlled active heating element. The heating element is disabled when the fan in the PAPR is not rotating.

Abstract: A tracheal tube assembly includes an outer cannula configured to be positioned in a patient airway and an inner cannula configured to be disposed inside the outer cannula. The tracheal tube assembly further includes a flange member secured about the outer cannula, and an outer cannula connector coupled to a proximal end of the outer cannula. The inner cannula includes a compressible proximal end region that is compressed while secured inside the outer cannula connector.

Abstract: A system for keeping moisture in a vapor phase and for removing particles from a gas is described. The system includes a filter and a heating chamber. The filter is capable of being heated and includes a mechanical element that effectively regulates the heating of the filter. Heat production of the heating chamber is coupled to the proper insertion of the filter into the chamber, such that the filter closes an electrical switch in the heating chamber to allow for the production of heat. An exemplary use of the system is the keeping moisture in a vapor phase and removing pathogenic particles from the exhalation path of a ventilated subject.

Abstract: Devices and methods are disclosed herein for preventing or treating ventilator associated pneumonia in a mammalian subject. The device includes an endotracheal tube having an interior surface and an exterior surface; a sealant composition in contact with the exterior surface of the endotracheal tube; and a temperature control element in contact with the endotracheal tube configured to heat or cool the sealant composition to a level required to reversibly convert the sealant composition from a solid sealant composition to a flowable sealant composition.

Abstract: An air warming apparatus operable to provide a user breathing air wherein the air is warmer than that of the user's environment. The air warming apparatus includes a filtered air intake operably coupled to an intake manifold. A lower air transport assembly circumferentially surrounds a user's torso and is adjacent thereto and provides the first phase of air warming for air flowing therethrough. A return manifold operably couples the lower air transport assembly and the upper air transport assembly and further contains a humidifier therein. The upper air transport assembly is surroundably mounted to the user and provides the second phase of air warming. An upper chamber of the intake manifold operably couples the upper air transport assembly and the breathing assembly. The breathing assembly includes a mouthpiece and a breathing valve that is operable to control the air flow through the air warming apparatus.

Abstract: A humidifying apparatus utilizing a semi-permeable membrane portion within a gas conduit where the direction of gas flow within a central lumen is given by an arrow. The humidification apparatus has a helical configuration for the semi-permeable membrane portion, a structural reinforcing member or members, a water channel and a heating element. The helical configuration of an outer wall may be similar to conventional conduits that are in common use in respiratory apparatus. Thus the humidification apparatus may be readily substituted into existing respiratory device by exchanging the gas conduit.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a pressure support system configured to provide pressure support therapy to a subject, wherein the pressure support system comprises a subject interface heater configured to controllably heat a pressurized flow of breathable gas to a target temperature that is offset from a baseline temperature. The breathable gas baseline temperature target offset ensures the gas delivered to the subject is delivered at a comfortable temperature and/or humidity level that does not cause airway dryness or result in condensed water in the subject interface. In one embodiment, the pressure support system comprises one or more of a pressure generator, a subject interface, a subject interface heater, one or more subject interface temperature sensors, one or more baseline temperature sensors, one or more general sensors, a humidifier, a user interface, a processor, electronic storage, and/or other components.

Abstract: A respirator with active dehumidification of the breathing gas has a breathing gas cooler in the form of a Peltier element (16), whose warm side is arranged in the inspiration line 7 and whose cold side (18) is arranged in the expiration line 12.

Abstract: A limb for a breathing circuit manufactured from very thin walled polymer materials has an elongate axial reinforcing spine lying freely inside the conduit and fixed to each end connector. The spine is laterally compliant but axially stiff. The spine provides resistance to tensile and compressive loads on the conduit, including that induced by prevailing internal pressures.

Abstract: A respiratory treatment apparatus provides respiratory treatment with improved power management control to permit more efficient power consumption and power supply units, such as battery powered operation. In one embodiment, power management prioritizes the flow generator (104) over other accessories such as the heating elements (111, 135) of a humidifier (112) and/or a delivery tube. The flow generator may control operations of the heating elements as a function of a detected respiratory cycle. For example, the timing of operation of the heating elements may be interleaved with the portion of an inspiratory phase of the respiratory cycle to permit the flow generator to operate during a peak power operation without a power drain or with a lower power drain from these components. Operations of distinct sets of components of the system (e.g., different heating elements) may also be interleaved to prevent simultaneous peak power operations.

Abstract: A limb for a breathing circuit manufactured from very thin walled polymer materials has an elongate axial reinforcing spine lying freely inside the conduit and fixed to each end connector. The spine is laterally compliant but axially stiff. The spine provides resistance to tensile and compressive loads on the conduit, including that induced by prevailing internal pressures.

Abstract: A breathing assistance apparatus and method of controlling a breathing assistance apparatus is disclosed. Particularly, the breathing assistance apparatus is controlled such that it has a drying cycle to enable drying of the tubing that supplies gases to a user and prevent the harboring of pathogens within the tube. The drying cycle is preferably operated automatically by internal controllers in the apparatus. However, it may be manually activated by pressing a button on the apparatus. The drying cycle is preferably activated at the end of a user's treatment session.

Abstract: A respiratory mask for controlling a body temperature of a patient by using a respiratory gas includes a controller for generating the respiratory gas, a gas transfer tube for receiving the respiratory gas and transferring the respiratory gas to a respiratory unit, a heat transfer metallic body configured to connect to the gas transfer tube and for cooling or heating the respiratory gas passing through the gas transfer tube, a thermoelectric element for performing an exothermic reaction or an endothermic reaction to heat or cool the heat transfer metallic body, a power supply unit configured to be located to be parallel to a bottom end of the gas transfer tube and for supplying power to the thermoelectric element via the controller, and a respiratory unit configured to connect to the gas transfer tube and for supplying the respiratory gas passing through the gas transfer tube to a patient.

Abstract: A tube for a ventilation system (1) for newborns is provided with a first section (7) comprising a heating wire (14), an electrical conductor (15), and a first connector (9) and a second connector (10), and with a second section (8) comprising a heating wire (16) extending over at least a certain portion of its length, an electrical line (17) extending over at least a certain portion of its length, and a first connector (11) and a second connector (12), wherein the second section (8) comprises a temperature sensor (18), wherein the electrical and pneumatic connection of the first section (7) with the second section (8) via the connection of the second connector (10) of the first section (7) is achievable by either connecting to the first connector (11) of the second section (8), so that the second section (8) is substantially heatable, or by connecting to the second connector (12) of the second section (8), so that the second section (8) is substantially not heatable.