Abstract: The present invention generally relates to systems and method for delivery of therapeutic gas to patients in need thereof using enhanced breathing circuit gas (BCG) flow measurement. At least some of these enhanced BCG flow measurements can be used to address some surprising phenomena that may, at times, occur when wild stream blending therapeutic gas into breathing gas that a patient receives from a breathing circuit affiliated with a ventilator. Utilizing at least some of these enhanced BCG flow measurements the dose of therapeutic gas wild stream blended into breathing gas that the patient receives from a ventilator can at least be more accurate and/or over delivery of therapeutic gas into the breathing gas can be avoided and/or reduced.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to systems and method for delivery of therapeutic gas to patients in need thereof using enhanced breathing circuit gas (BCG) flow measurement. At least some of these enhanced BCG flow measurements can be used to address some surprising phenomena that may, at times, occur when wild stream blending therapeutic gas into breathing gas that a patient receives from a breathing circuit affiliated with a ventilator. Utilizing at least some of these enhanced BCG flow measurements the dose of therapeutic gas wild stream blended into breathing gas that the patient receives from a ventilator can at least be more accurate and/or over delivery of therapeutic gas into the breathing gas can be avoided and/or reduced.

Abstract: What is disclosed is a system and method for identifying a patient's breathing pattern for respiratory function assessment without contact and with a depth-capable imaging system. In one embodiment, a time-varying sequence of depth maps are received of a target region of a subject of interest over a period of inspiration and expiration. Once received, the depth maps are processed to obtain a breathing signal for the subject. The subject's breathing signal comprises a temporal sequence of instantaneous volumes. One or more segments of the subject's breathing signal are then compared against one or more reference breathing signals each associated with a known pattern of breathing. As a result of the comparison, a breathing pattern for the subject is identified. The identified breathing pattern is then used to assess the subject's respiratory function. The teachings hereof find their uses in an array of diverse medical applications. Various embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A nasal cannula arrangement for use as part of systems for delivery respiratory gases to a patient is disclosed. The nasal cannula arrangement includes a manifold part adapted to receive gases from a delivery conduit. The manifold includes one but preferably a pair of prongs extending upward and curving towards the rear of the manifold. The prongs are inserted into the nostrils of the patient and deliver gases to a patient. The prongs have a cut out on the rear side of the prongs. The cut out forms a gases outlet in the prongs and are shaped such that the area of the cut out area is greater than the cross sectional area of the prongs at the entry point to the prongs.

Abstract: A disclosed state display method includes: obtaining measurement results of vital activities of a subject; and displaying temporal transition of states of the subject by a one-dimensional heat map based on the measurement results. And the displaying includes: first displaying, in association with a first period in which the measurement results represent a sleep state, a first color that represents a depth of sleep by shading and has a first hue corresponding to the sleep state; and second displaying, in association with a second period in which the measurement results represent a non-sleep state, a second color that represents an intensity of an activity by the shading and has a second hue corresponding to the non-sleep state.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in diagnosing the presence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in a patient includes a sensing module structured to measure a parameter indicative of a tremor in the patient's neck, tongue and/or throat muscles while the patient is awake, the parameter not being airflow through the patient's airway. The sensing module generates one or more electrical signals based on the measured parameter. The apparatus also includes a processor operatively coupled to the sensing module, the processor being structured to receive the one or more electrical signals, perform an analysis of the one or more electrical signals, and based on the analysis determine whether the tremor has a frequency in at least one predetermined frequency range that is indicative of OSA.

Abstract: A nCPAP device includes an net configured for receiving a single gas jet flow. The single gas jet flow supplies gas for both nares. The device also includes a flow splitter configured for proportionally splitting said gas jet flow into two channels for the both nares according to one or more of nave anatomy and flow path resistance.

Abstract: A weaning readiness indicator is disclosed. The weaning readiness indicator includes a monitor, a memory, a processor, and a display. The monitor monitors a ventilated patient for a predetermined time length and generates a respiratory signal. The memory stores an algorithm, where the algorithm includes performing a nonlinear time frequency analysis on the respiratory signal to obtain a time frequency representation function, extracting one or more features from the time frequency representation function, and computing a weaning readiness index based on the one or more features. The processor is connected to the monitor and the memory, and executes the algorithm. The display is connected to the processor and provides an indication of the weaning readiness index of the ventilated patient. A sleeping status recording device and an air providing system applying nonlinear time frequency analysis are also disclosed.

Abstract: An anti-snoring device. The anti-snoring device includes a housing having at least one sidewall. A speaker and a microphone are disposed on the sidewall. A memory is disposed within the housing, wherein the memory can store a plurality of audio files thereon. A microprocessor is disposed within the housing, the microprocessor having a logic that can receive an audio signal detected by the microphone, determine if the audio signal matches the sound of a human snoring within a pre-defined certainty, select one of the plurality of audio files stored on the memory, and play the selected audio file through the speaker between 40-50 dB. A power source is disposed within the housing, the power source in electrical communication with the microprocessor, the memory, the speaker, and the microphone.

Abstract: A modular control apparatus, having a head module, and at least one supply module and peripheral module arranged on the head module and having a bus structure. The supply module and the peripheral module have a base module part, an electronic module part and a connection module part. The base module parts are arranged next to one another and provide the bus structure that electrically couples the head module, the supply module and the peripheral module to one another. The supply module additionally comprises an electrical line that runs from the connection module part through the electronic module part to the base module part and connects the supply connection of the supply module to the bus structure. An overload identification unit is arranged at the electrical line and determines a parameter of the electrical line and produces a warning signal if the parameter exceeds a threshold value.

Abstract: A portable oxygen concentrator is disclosed. An output of a high pressure compressor is fluidly coupled to an adsorbent device that increases the concentration of oxygen gas for storage in a high pressure accumulator. The adsorbent device is purged of the collected nitrogen via a valve fluidly coupled to the outlet of the high pressure compressor and the inlet of the adsorbent device. The outlet of the adsorbent device is fluidly coupled to the high pressure accumulator through a first valve. Additionally, a re-circulation loop fluidly couples the outlet of the adsorbent device to a valved inlet of the high pressure compressor.

Abstract: A pressure indicator: a body having a pressure chamber which has an inlet for communication with a fluid; a resilient diaphragm having a periphery sealed against the body and having one side thereof exposed to the fluid within the chamber; an indicating arm having an inner end which is integrally formed with the other side of the diaphragm and an outer end arm which is adjacent to a scale, the arrangement being such that pressure of the fluid within the chamber causes resilient deformation of the diaphragm which in turn causes the outer end of the arm to move relative to the scale thereby indicating the pressure of the fluid in the chamber.

Abstract: A respiratory treatment apparatus implements pressure delivery control settings by improved set-up procedures. In such an embodiment, a processor may automate setting of parameters for delivering a controlled flow of breathable gas. Data sets of pressure delivery parameter settings may be associated with one or more respiratory pathology indicators. The respiratory pathology indicators may each represent a different respiratory condition diagnosis. The processor may then prompt for an input of at least one of the respiratory pathology indicators. In response to the input, a particular set of pressure delivery parameter settings associated with the input respiratory pathology indicator may then serve as a basis for setting controls for delivering a controlled flow of breathable gas for respiratory treatment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sleep support system and the control method thereof. People may come across such emergencies as insomnia for some reason when going to sleep or apnea during sleep for some reason. The invention comprises a bedding, a processor, a sleep aid mechanism, a data acquisition mechanism and a wake-up mechanism, wherein the data acquisition mechanism comprises a data converter, a vibration sensor assembly and a snore sensor which are connected to the data converter; the processor receives signals of the vibration sensor assembly through the data converter and controls the sleep aid mechanism; and the processor receives signals of the snore sensor through the data converter and controls the wake-up mechanism.

Abstract: A wireless earpiece includes a wireless earpiece housing, a processor disposed within the wireless earpiece housing, at least one microphone operatively connected to the processor, and at least one speaker operatively connected to the processor. The processor is configured to receive audio from the at least one microphone, perform processing of the audio to provide processed audio, and output the processed audio to the at least one speaker. The processing of the audio involves identifying body generated sounds generated by a body of a user of the wireless earpiece and removing the body generated sounds.

Abstract: Example embodiments presented herein are directed towards a system, and corresponding method, for providing ventilation synchronization between breathing gas supplied by a mechanical ventilator and the breathing needs of a patient. In providing the ventilation synchronization, a total amount of energy required during an inspiratory phase of breathing is calculated. Based on the calculated energy, a decay factor is determined. The decay factor is supplied to an inspiratory triggering system in order to provide the ventilation synchronization.

Abstract: An adaptive gas mixture controller system. A pulse oximeter interface receives pulse oximeter data. A gas blender interface communicates with a separate externally connected gas blender. A processor receives pulse oximeter data via the pulse oximeter interface and outputs data to the gas blender interface for adaptive feedback control of the gas mixture based upon the SpO2 level signals from the pulse oximeter interface. When the processor receives data from the gas blender indicating that the gas mixture has been manually changed, enters a manual override mode and halts sending adaptive feedback control signals to the gas blender. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.

Abstract: A ventilator is configured to assist a user with breathing, while eliminating the need for extraneous sensors and tubing normally found in prior art ventilators. The ventilator relies on a predetermined relationship between a measurable quantity associated with a compressed gas and the maximum pressure of that compressed gas upon delivery to the user. The measurable quantity may be mass flow rate of the compressed gas or pressure within a delivery lumen used to transport the compressed gas, among others. Based on the predetermined relationship, the control logic within the ventilator determines whether the pressure of compressed gas delivered to the user exceeds a maximum allowable pressure. When the maximum pressure is exceeded, the control logic initiates corrective action to reduce the pressure of the compressed gas.

Abstract: A CPAP apparatus has a variable rise time (iii) from a base level of positive air pressure during expiration (EPAP) to a higher level during inspiration (IPAP). The rise time is adjusted in order to reduce obstruction, resistance or instability in the upper airway.

Abstract: An aerosol delivery device includes a housing, a cartridge coupled to the housing, a control component contained within the housing, and a camera system including a digital camera on the housing. The control component is configured to control operation of the aerosol delivery device in response to detection of airflow through at least a portion of the housing or cartridge. The digital camera is configured to capture images of an object or scene in a field of view thereof, with the images being transferrable locally to a memory configured to store the images, or externally to a computing device configured to store or display the images.

Abstract: A ventilator with an integrated cough assist for use with a patient circuit in fluid communication with a patient connection of a patient, and operable in a ventilation mode and in a cough-assist mode. The ventilator includes a user input for switching operation from ventilation mode to cough-assist mode without disconnecting the ventilator from the patient, and a controller operable in response to the user input and controlling operation of the ventilator in cough-assist mode to provide for at least one cough assist to the patient having an insufflation phase followed by an exsufflation phase. A cough-assist valve in a first state for the insufflation phase communicates a positive pressure to the ventilator connection and in a second state for the exsufflation phase communicates a negative pressure to the ventilator connection.

Abstract: An EMG measuring system has a signal processing unit (8) and with at least one electrode (4) for measuring a potential difference in a muscle, a muscle fiber or in a skin area of a patient. At least one measured signal representing the potential difference is transmitted from the electrode (4) to the signal processing unit (8). Another signal, which is transmitted to the at least one external device (9), is generated in the signal processing unit (8) on the basis of this measured signal. A signal transmitted from the at least one external device (9) is processed by the signal processing unit (8) and at least one control signal is generated on the basis of this signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mask for use in respiratory monitoring and/or diagnostics. The mask comprises at least one transducer responsive to sound and/or airflow for generating a signal, and a support structure to rest on the subject's face. In one embodiment, the support structure comprises two or more limbs that provide a transducer support for supporting the transducer at a distance from a nose and mouth area, allowing monitoring via the transducer of sound and/or airflow produced by the subject. Also described is a mask comprising a transducer responsive to airflow for generating a signal and a support structure to rest on the subject's face and extend outwardly over a nose and mouth area to provide a transducer support supporting the transducer at a distance from a nose and mouth area of the subject's face and at a preset orientation, for monitoring via the transducer of airflow produced by the subject.

Abstract: A monitoring system is used to measure various parameters of the sleep, respiration, and/or other bodily functions of a subject. One or more metrics are calculated that quantify deviation from the mean, trends, changes over time, and/or other changes in the parameters. The metrics are used to generate notifications of these changes that can be conveyed to caregivers and/or other users.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for controlling breathing of a patient. A mixing device extends from a patient interface to control a volume of exhaled gasses. The mixing device has a first orifice connected to and in fluid communication with a first control tube and terminating in a first variable flow control valve and a second orifice connected to and in fluid communication with a second control tube and terminating in a second variable flow control valve. Further a first volume extends between the first and second orifices. A controller then controls the volume of exhaled gasses from the patient using the first and second variable flow control valves.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for controlling breathing of a patient. A mixing device extends from a patient interface to control a volume of exhaled gasses. The mixing device has a first orifice connected to and in fluid communication with a first control tube and terminating in a first variable flow control valve and a second orifice connected to and in fluid communication with a second control tube and terminating in a second variable flow control valve. Further a first volume extends between the first and second orifices. A controller then controls the volume of exhaled gasses from the patient using the first and second variable flow control valves.

Abstract: An apnea analysis system may include a photoplethysmographic (PPG) sub-system, a breath detection sub-system, and an apnea analysis module. An apnea analysis system includes a photoplethysmographic (PPG) sub-system, a breath detection sub-system, and an apnea analysis module. The PPG sub-system is configured to be operatively connected to an individual and output a PPG signal from the individual. The breath detection sub-system is configured to be operatively connected to the individual and output a breath signal from the individual. The apnea analysis module is in communication with the PPG sub-system and the breath detection sub-system. The apnea analysis module analyzes the breath signal and a respiratory component of the PPG signal and, based on the analysis, identifies a presence of apnea, differentiates between obstructive apnea and central apnea, and provides an indication of the identified apnea.

Abstract: Pressure support therapy is provided to a subject. The effectiveness of the provided pressure support therapy is determined and/or the therapy is titrated based on determinations of the concentration of one or more gaseous molecular species in gas exhaled by the subject. The determinations of composition of gas exhaled by the subject are obtained from samples with relatively little distortion caused by dilution of expired gases from gases provided to the airway of the subject as part of the pressure support therapy.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device for displaying respiratory conditions of a subject on a monitor having a first parameter acquisition unit (11) for acquiring a first respiration parameter representing a respiratory condition of the subject; a second parameter acquisition unit (12) for acquiring a second respiration parameter representing a respiratory condition of the subject, said second respiration parameter differing from said first respiration parameter; and a display controlling unit (13) for displaying, on the monitor, a chart representing a relationship between the first respiration parameter acquired by said first parameter acquisition unit and the second respiration parameter acquired by said second parameter acquisition unit; wherein the chart represents the relationship between the first respiration parameter and the second respiration parameter in each respiration cycle, and a plurality of charts for preceding respiration cycles and charts for subsequent respiration cycles are displayed so

Abstract: A patient ventilator secretion management system is disclosed. The system has a valve with an input in pneumatic communication with a therapeutic breathing gas source. The valve has variable positions, each of which corresponds to a specific flow rate of gas being output therefrom. A patient ventilation interface is in pneumatic communication with the valve over a gas delivery circuit. A controller in communication with the valve regulates the position thereof. The controller sequentially switches the valve from one of the variable positions to another to output a first range of fluctuating flow rates of gas for delivery to the patient ventilation interface during at least a selected one of patient expiratory and inspiratory phases.

Abstract: A respiratory treatment apparatus (1) provides blood glucose monitoring and breathing control based on detected blood glucose information. In an example embodiment, a flow generator provides a flow of breathable gas at a pressure above atmospheric to a patient interface according to a pressure treatment control protocol such as a CPAP, APAP, bi-level CPAP, etc. A detector determines a blood glucose condition indicator with one or more sensors that are used to sense physiological information. In response to signals from the sensors, a controller, such as a digital signal processor, controls adjustments to the flow of breathable gas provided by the flow generator. The adjustments are determined by the controller based on the detected blood glucose indicator and/or changes thereto.

Abstract: Various systems and methods for configuring a smartphone based on a user's sleep status are described herein. A compute device includes a determination module to determine a physiological state of a person and a configuration module to configure a quiet mode of the compute device based on the physiological state of the person.

Abstract: Systems and methods for triggering inspiration and/or cycling exhalation with a ventilator are described herein. In particular, systems and methods for synchronizing ventilator breath delivery with patient breath demand utilizing a digital sample counting trigger mode are described herein. The digital sample counting triggering mode characterizes digital samples taken from a measured or estimated parameter during the patient inhalation/exhalation period to synchronize breath delivery with patient breath demand.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are breathing disorder identification, characterization and diagnosis methods, devices and systems. In general the disclosed methods, devices and systems may rely on the characterization of breath sound amplitudes, periodic breath sounds and/or aperiodic breath sounds to characterize a breathing disorder as obstructive (e.g. obstructive sleep apnea—OSA) or non-obstructive (e.g. central sleep apnea—CSA).

Abstract: A combination respiratory therapy management system creates a combined respiratory therapy prescription that can be executed by a combined respiratory therapy device to provide multiple coordinated respiratory therapies to a patient. The system can update the combined respiratory therapy prescription and implement the updates while the combined respiratory therapy device is in use. Some versions of the system provide additional features that allow the combined respiratory therapy prescriptions to be created, accessed, shared with other users, and performed by the combination respiratory therapy device in a customizable user-friendly and non-threatening way.

Abstract: A method for automatically controlling ventilation of a patient includes receiving a target expiratory CO2 concentration, measuring an actual expiratory CO2, and comparing the actual expiratory CO2 concentration to the target expiratory CO2. A ventilation rate for the patient is then calculated based on the comparison of the actual expiratory CO2 concentration and the target expiratory CO2 in order to maintain the actual expiratory CO2 within a predetermined range of the target expiratory CO2. The patient is then automatically ventilated based on the calculated ventilation rate.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and methods are provided for supplying gases to a user. The supply includes a sub-therapeutic mode and a pressure support mode for delivering therapy to a user. A flow diversion device or valve switches from a first mode corresponding with the sub-therapeutic mode of the system to a second mode corresponding with the pressure support mode of the system. In the first mode, the valve opens a larger flow path between the interior of the user interface and ambient air than in the second mode.

Abstract: A system that determines one or more sleep phenotyping parameters of a subject. In one embodiment, the system comprises a sleep sensor, a stimulus generator, and a processor. The sleep sensor generates signals that convey information related to the physiological functions that indicate the sleep stage of the subject. The stimulus generator provides a stimulus to the subject that enables information related to the sleep phenotyping parameters to be determined. The processor receives the signals generated by the sleep sensor and is in operative communication with the stimulus generator. The processor (i) determines, based on the signals received from the sleep sensor, whether a trigger condition related to the current sleep stage of the subject is satisfied, (ii) controls the stimulus generator to provide the stimulus to the subject if the trigger condition is satisfied, and (iii) quantifies the response of the subject to the stimulus.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods of neurostimulation for treating obstructive sleep apnea.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems, methods, and apparatus for applying a hyperoxic therapy delivery system to a patient; administering hyperoxic gas to the patient according to an oxygen dose-response model; and adjusting the administration of the hyperoxic gas to the patient based upon monitored parameters related to a condition of the patient. Numerous additional features are disclosed.

Abstract: A wake-to-sleep transition for a subject is detected based on responsiveness to breathing cues provided to the subject. A pressurized flow of breathable gas to the airway of subject having one or more gas parameters that are adjusted to provide breathing cues to the subject. Based on a detected conformance of the respiration of the subject to the breathing cues, a determination is made as to whether the subject is awake or asleep.

Abstract: Described is a system including an air pressure supply arrangement, a sensor and a titration device. The air pressure supply arrangement provides air pressure to a patient's airways. The sensor detects input data corresponding to a patient's breathing patterns of a plurality of breaths. The titration device receives and analyzes the input data to determine existence of breathing disorder and corresponding characteristics. The titration device generates output data for adjusting the air pressure supplied to the patient as a function of an index of abnormal respiratory events included in the input data.

Abstract: A device or method for stabilizing a voice coil is disclosed. The device comprises a voice coil for providing a motive force, and means for measuring a signal from said voice coil related to a motional electromotive force. The device further comprises a unit for controlling an amplification of said signal to create a force in said voice coil in a direction of said motional electromotive force.

Abstract: Methods and systems for monitoring, preventing and/or treating upper airway disorders such as apnea, dysphagia, reflux and/or snoring are described. The methods and systems monitor the upper airway disorders by processing one or more neural signals obtained from one or more upper airway afferents. Upper airway disorders are prevented and/or treated by delivering one or more stimulations to one or more reflex-related afferents, efferents, muscles, and sensory receptors to manipulate the threshold and/or trigger an upper airway reflex including, but not limited to a swallow reflex and/or a negative-pressure reflex.

Abstract: A ventilator includes a compressor, a storage vessel, a valve assembly communicating with the compressor, the storage vessel, and an inhalation line. A controller directs the valve assembly between a storage configuration where ventilation gas is delivered from the compressor into the storage vessel, and a delivery configuration where ventilation gas is delivered from the storage vessel to the inhalation line. The controller is coupled to a pressure sensor for detecting a first pressure within the storage vessel when the valve assembly is directed to the delivery configuration, and detecting subsequent pressure while ventilation gas is delivered from the storage vessel to the inhalation line, the controller determining the volume of ventilation gas delivered to the patient based at least in part on the difference between the first pressure and the subsequent pressure.

Abstract: A method of acclimatizing a user to provide continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, including operating a device for treating sleep disordered breathing (SDB) during successive treatment sessions, wherein the device provides continuous positive airway pressure during sleep, includes determining a clinically-derived full therapeutic pressure, applying a sub-therapeutic treatment pressure for the duration of a first session, obtaining responses to a series of pre-programmed patient and/or bed partner feedback questions before the start of a second session, and, based on the responses, either incrementally increasing the treatment pressure for the second session if the responses indicate that the patient is adjusting to therapy, or maintaining the treatment pressure for the second session if the responses do not indicate that the patient is adjusting to therapy.

Abstract: Respiratory pressure treatment apparatus include automated methodologies for controlling changes to pressure in the presence of sleep disordered breathing events. In an example apparatus, various levels of expiratory pressure relief can provide different pressure reductions for patient comfort during expiration (333-A, 333-B, 333-C). The control parameters for these levels may be automatically modified based on the detection of an open airway. Similarly, in some embodiments, the levels may be automatically adjusted based on a detection of persistent obstruction. In still further embodiments, control parameters associated with a rise time of an early portion of an inspiratory pressure treatment may be automatically adjusted upon detection of flow limitation to permit a change to more aggressive waveforms from more comfortable waveforms for the treatment of sleep disordered breathing events.

Abstract: A diaper change alert system, method, and computer-readable medium a diaper with wetness detection circuit installed inside a seat portion of the diaper, an ionic composition sensor installed inside the seat portion of the diaper, a humidity sensor installed inside the seat portion of the diaper, processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to compute number of waste cycles per diaper change based on a signal received from the wetness detection circuit, compute a total time per diaper change based on a signal received from the wetness detection circuit, compute a rash threshold using rash information, receive sensor data, determine whether the rash threshold is reached, and transmit, via a network, a diaper change alert to an external device.

Abstract: A secondary line purging system (40) having a blower (22) for pressurizing a flow of gas and a first pressure sensor (28) for measuring a first pressure of the flow of gas at or near the blower. The system also includes a secondary line (36) communicating with the blower and a subject circuit (32). The system further includes a second pressure sensor (30) for measuring a second pressure of the flow of gas within the secondary line. A valve system (42) is operable in 1) a first mode of operation to isolate the blower from the secondary line and 2) a second mode of operation to permit communication between the blower to the secondary line to purge the secondary line of obstructions with the pressurized flow of gas. A controller (16) switches operation of the valve system between the first mode of operation and the second mode of operation, based on the first pressure and the second pressure.

Abstract: A breathing apparatus (1) is disclosed that is adapted to determine a transpulmonary pressure in a patient (125) when connected to said breathing apparatus. A control unit (105) is operable to set a first mode of operation for ventilating said patient with a first Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) level; set a second mode of operation for ventilating said patient with a second PEEP level starting from said first PEEP level; and determine said transpulmonary pressure (Ptp) based on a change in end-expiratory lung volume (?EELV) and a difference between said first PEEP level and said second PEEP level (?PEEP). Furthermore, a method and computer program are disclosed.