Abstract: An azeotropic mixture of polyfluoropentanes and methanol is disclosed. The azeotropic mixture is useful as: a cleaning agent, a blowing agent, a refrigerant, an aerosol propellant, a heat transfer medium and a power cycle working fluid.

Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-methoxypropane with cis 1,2-dichloroethylene (c-CFC-1130) and methanol or ethanol or isopropanol or n-propanol, the azeotropic mixtures being useful in solvent cleaning applications.

Abstract: A method is provided herein which is particularly effective for removing or stripping varnish and paint from surfaces such as wood or metal which comprises activating NMP and/or BLO with about 1-30% by weight of an activator compound which is ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate (EEP).

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition of about 25 to about 85 wt % perchloroethylene and about 15 to about 75 wt % monochlorotoluene. When the composition contains at least about 30 wt % perchloroethylene it does not display a flash point.

Abstract: A floor finish remover composition containing a solvent, water, and an organosilicon complex formed from a silicate such as sodium metasilicate and a linear, 6-10 carbon, organic compound such as sodium n-octane sulfonate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a blasting method for removing coatings of paint, varnish or like substances from objects coated with such substances, in which the objects are cooled in a condensed gas, e.g. liquid nitrogen, and then subjected, in a chilled state, to the effect of a blasting agent, e.g. steel shot, delivered by a blasting machine. The coating fragments dislodged are collected together with the blasting agent and mutually separated one from the other in a separator. The recovered blasting agent is then returned to the blasting machine. The method is characterized by adding an absorbent to the blasting agent in the blasting machine.

Abstract: A process for recovering paint overspray particles includes bringing the paint particles into contact with a plurality of hydrophobic fumed silica particles and encapsulating the paint particles within a plurality of the silica particles. The recovered encapsulated particles may be mixed with a suitable solvent, milled and blended with preselected additive materials, to form a desirable reconstituted paint material.

Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions of tertiary butyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether and perfluoromethylcyclohexane which are useful in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including defluxing of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: This invention provides a paint stripping composition comprising N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The composition does not include any halogenated hydrocarbons, acids, caustics or waxes and is not harmful to a wide variety of substrates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel azeotropic or azeotrope-like mixture which essentially comprises about 90-97% by mass of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether and about 3-10% by mass of ethanol and also to a process for cleaning electrical or electronic components, in particular soldered circuit boards or printed circuits, but also other solid surfaces, with the aid of said mixture. Soldering fluxes, in particular, can be removed from circuit boards with the aid of said mixture.

Abstract: A method of removing coatings, such as paint, epoxy resin, comestible polymeric coatings, from the surface of metallic containers, such as aluminum beverage cans, is disclosed. The metallic surfaces of containers are contacted with a mixture of bacteria and nutrient medium. The bacteria used are capable of removing paint, epoxy resins, and coatings from metallic surfaces, and are preferably ATCC #53922 bacteria. Also disclosed is an apparatus suitable for use in the invention, and further described is a reagent for paint removal from beverage cans.

Abstract: What is provided herein is a water-based, environmentally safe, stain-remover composition for effectively removing a wide variety of stains from fabrics consisting essentially of:(a) 5-20% by weight N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP),(b) 5-20% by weight .gamma.-butyrolactone (BLO),(c) 40-88% by weight water, and(d) 1-10% by weight surfactant, and, optionally,including a base-buffer to provide a pH in the range of about 7-11.

Abstract: Stable azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1,1-dichloro-1-fluorethane, dichlorotrifluoroethane, ethanol, and a mono- or di-chlorinated C.sub.2 or C.sub.3 alkane which are useful in a variety of industrial cleaning applications.

Abstract: A method for removing an amorphous selenium-containing photosensitive layer from an electrophotographic photoreceptor including an electroconductive metallic substrate having thereon the amorphous selenium-containing photo-sensitive layer using a method in which the combination of substrate and selenium-containing photosensitive layer is treated with an aqueous solution of sodium sulfide or sodium thiourea.

Abstract: Stable azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, a mono-chlorinated C.sub.3 alkane and optionally an alkanol which are useful in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning and defluxing of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: Stable azeotrope-like compositions consisting essentially of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, cyclopentane and optionally an alkanol which are useful in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning and defluxing of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: The method of treating a surface of a substrate (12) comprises the steps of physically treating the surface by jetting hydrogen peroxide containing ice particles (28) onto the substrate surface, and chemically treating the substrate surface with hydrogen peroxide solution obtained by melting the hydrogen peroxide containing ice particles (28).

Abstract: Mixtures of the two fluorocarbon compounds 1,1,2,2,3,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-trifluoromethylpentane and 1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-trifluoromethylpentane with alcohols, ethers, esters, ketones, nitrogen-containing organic compounds, and halogenated hydrocarbons are disclosed; as is a process for cleaning a solid surface which comprises treating the surface with said mixtures. Ternary mixtures of about 88 to 96 weight percent total of said two fluorocarbon compounds with methanol (including at least about 11 weight percent 1,1,1,2,2,3,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-trifluoromethylpentane and at least about 13 weight percent 1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-trifluoromethylpentane) and with ethanol (including at least about 28 weight percent 1,1,1,2,2,3,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-triluoformethylpentane and at least about 16 weight percent 1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-trifluoromethyl-pentane) are disclosed as quasiazeotrope compositions that are useful where recovery and reuse of solvents is practiced.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cleaning process for use primarily in the fabrication of printed circuit boards. Cleaning is done in-line with the coating and development of a photoresist layer. The process includes a spray cleaning and micro-etch, followed by the application of an anti-tarnish so that the boards can be stored prior to plating.

Abstract: A nail polish remover base comprising less than 79% acetone or less than 81% ethyl acetate combined with water or a mixture of a water and ethanol to produce a 100% by weight of the base. The base can be combined with vegetable or animal protein, perfumes, surfactants and coloring agents to produce a final nail polish remover.

Abstract: A quasi-azeotropic stripper composition for the removal of paint or other organic coatings from metallic surfaces and including a formulation containing 1-10% by weight of an alcoholate activator consisting of sodium methoxide, 10-14 20% by weight of a coupling agent and co-solvent consisting of methanol, and 70-89% by weight of an aprotic polar solvent consisting essentially of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The formulation is desirable for use in the work place since it is non-halogenated, is relatively non-volatile under normal ambient conditions, and also possesses a reasonably useful and high flash point.

Abstract: The invention relates to an azeotrope-type mixture which contains about 3-5% by weight of methanol and about 95-97% by weight of 1,4-dihydroperfluorobutane, and also to a process for cleaning electronic components, in particular soldered conductor boards or printed circuits, with the aid of said mixture.

Abstract: Mixtures of the compound 1,1,1,2,2,3,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-trifluoromethylpentane with alcohols, ethers, esters, ketones, nitrogen-containing organic compounds, and halogenated hydrocarbons are disclosed; as is a process for cleaning a solid surface which comprises treating the surface with said mixtures. Binary mixtures of 1,1,1,2,2,3,5,5,5-nonafluoro-4-trifluoromethylpentane with about 5 to 13 weight percent methanol, with about 3 to 11 weight percent ethanol, with about 4 to 12 weight percent isopropanol, with about 52 to 60 weight percent trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, with about 47 to 55 weight percent dichloromethane, with about 1 to 9 weight percent trichloroethane, with about 0.1 to 7 weight percent acetonitrile, and with about 0.

Abstract: Mixtures of the compound 1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-trifluoromethylpentane with alcohols, ethers, esters, ketones, nitrogen-containing organic compounds, and halogenated hydrocarbons are disclosed; as is a process for cleaning a solid surface which comprises treating the surface with said mixtures. Binary mixtures of 1,1,1,2,2,5,5,5-octafluoro-4-trifluoromethylpentane with about 5 to 13 weight percent methanol, with about 2 to 10 weight percent ethanol, with about 3 to 11 weight percent isopropanol, with about 50 to 58 weight percent dichloromethane, and with about 1 to 9 weight percent acetonitrile, are disclosed as azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions and are particularly suited for use where solvent recovery and reuse is practiced.

Abstract: An improved method for detackifying over-sprayed paint, lacquer or enamel entrained in the circulating water of paint spray booths comprises maintaining in the wash water a small amount of an N-methylolacrylamide copolymer with methyldiallylamine.

Abstract: A process for converting a fluid system of a machine from an oil based fluid system to a water based fluid system. A solvent and perfluoroethylene resin are added to the fluid system in sufficient amounts to remove extraneous matter from and coat the surfaces within the fluid system with the perfluoroethylene resin. The oil based fluid, solvent and perfluoroethylene resin are circulated throughout the fluid system for a time sufficient to remove extraneous matter and coat the surfaces. The fluid system is evacuated of the oil based fluid, solvent and residual perfluoroethylene resin, and a water based fluid is added to the fluid system.

Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of 2,2-dichloro-1,2-difluoroethane (HCFC-132c) with methanol, ethanol, or trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (t-HCC-1130), the azeotropic mixtures being useful in solvent cleaning applications.

Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of 3-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane (HCFC-253fb) with trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (t-HCC-1130) are useful in solvent cleaning applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for stripping, from the surface of a support, a layer of paint which has been formed and hardened thereon, characterized by the requirement of a phase of pre-treating said support before the formation on the latter of the layer of paint to be stripped, said treatment consisting in applying on the support a covering product, selected among the following products: a pre-treatment vinyl resin paint, a polyurethane resin paint. It is also an object of the invention to provide products and compositions to be used in said process.

Abstract: Stable azeotrope-like compositions consisting essentially of 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,2-dichloroethylene, cyclopentane, methanol, nitromethane, and optionally diisopropylamine which are useful in a variety of industrial cleaning applications.

Abstract: A resin cleaner composition is provided herein for use as a cleaning solvent to remove cured, partially cured and uncured polyester or vinyl ester resin containing a free radical polymerization initiator from resin fabrication tools. The composition is characterized by the presence therein of a free radical inhibitor which suppresses the rate of free radical polymerization. Thereby the resin can be loaded in increased amounts in the composition without an accompanying increase in polymerization of the resin.

Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane and methanol or ethanol or isopropanol, the azeotropic mixtures being useful in solvent cleaning applications, as blowing agents, refrigerants, heating mediums and aerosol propellants.

Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane and trans 1,2-dichloroethylene with methanl or ethanol, the azeotropic mixtures being useful in solvent cleaning applications.

Abstract: A process for detackifying paint in a wet paint spray booth wherein water is used to wash the air containing oversprayed paint from the paint spray operation. The process comprises forming stable colloid solutions consisting of weakly electropositive metals. Additionally, to activate the metal cation, various anionic or cathionic polymers may be selected and used.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a procuedure for washing off flux residues subsequent to soldering from a circuit board or equivalent component. The circuit board washing procedures of prior art have either been detrimental to the environment or poor in their washing result. These problems have in the present invention been solved by including at least one step in the procedure in which steam is sprayed on the circuit board or equivalent. The steam spraying step is advantageously combined with preceding water washing and rinsing steps. A circuit board or equivalent component rinsed with hot steam is recovered in a cleaner condition than before, and moreover, entirely dry.

Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane; dichlorotrifluoroethane; and methyl formate are stable and have utility as degreasing agents and as solvents in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning and defluxing of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: Acidified N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is activated with 1-20% by weight of ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate (EEP) to provide an effective composition for removal of both uncured and cured paints from wood and metal surfaces.

Abstract: A paint stripping composition used in a process where it is applied to a substrate coated with fully or partially cured paint, having particular utility for use in stripping paint with other utilities, e.g. stripping organic polymer coatings also contemplated, and a method of employing same is described.

Abstract: Stable azeotrope-like compositions comprising dichlorotrifluoroethane, cyclopentane and nitromethane which are useful in a variety of industrial cleaning applications.

Abstract: Stable azeotrope-like compositions consisting essentially of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, dichloromethane and optionally alkanol which are useful in a variety of industrial cleaning applications and one of which is also useful as a blowing agent in the preparation of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: An azeotrope or azeotrope-like composition of 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123) and methanol, the azeotropic mixture being useful in solvent cleaning application.

Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of n-perfluorobutylethylene and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene with methanol or ethanol or isopropanol, the azeotropic mixtures being useful as: cleaning agents, blowing agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media and power cycle working fluids.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of cleaning a surface soiled with a staining agent. The method includes the steps of applying to the soiled surface a highly cross-linked macroporous hydrophobic copolymer which contains a chemical entrapped therein which is a solvent for the staining agent present on the soiled surface, dissolving the staining agent with the solvent, absorbing the staining agent into the solvent entrapped copolymer, and removing the copolymer containing the solvent and the dissolved staining agent from the surface.

Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of n-perfluorobutylethylene and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene with methanol or ethanol or isopropanol are disclosed. The azerotropic mixtures are useful as: cleaning agents, blowing agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media and power cycle working fluids.

Abstract: The azeotropic mixture of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane and n-perfluorobutylethylene is disclosed. The azeotropic mixture is useful as: a cleaning agent, a blowing agent, a refrigerant, an aerosol propellant, a fire extinguishing agent, a heat transfer medium and a power cycle working fluid.

Abstract: Stable azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, nitromethane, 1,2-dichloroethylene and an alkanol which are useful in a variety of industrial cleaning applications.

Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of hexafluoropropylene/ethylene cyclic dimer with methanol or ethanol, the azeotropic mixtures being useful as: cleaning agents, blowing agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media and power cycle working fluids.

Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of 3-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane (HCFC-253fb) with methanol, ethanol, or trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (t-HCC-1130) are useful in solvent cleaning applications.

Abstract: A paint brush cleaning or storage device is provided in the form of a sealed sachet (1) containing a predetermined quantity of a brush preserving cleaning liquid (3), which sachet can be opened, for example by cutting along one edge to permit the brush head (5,6) to be inserted therein immediately after use either to prevent the brush drying out and keeping it ready for reuse. Preferably the sachet is of deformable foil which can be wrapped around the brush handle (4) to reseal the sachet.

Abstract: A method of removing material of poor thermal conductivity such as paint, grease, ceramics, and the like from a substrate by ablation without damage to the substrate by delivering to the material to be removed pulses or their equivalent of a laser beam having a wavelength at which the material to be removed is opaque and a fluence sufficient to ablate or decompose the material without damaging or adversely affecting the substrate or its surface.