Abstract: A fire hydrant system includes a fire hydrant (upper barrel and bonnet) that is separate from a first cover tube and a second cover tube that house a valve stem. To activate the system, a user opens a gate valve via the valve stem, thereby allowing water to enter the upper barrel of the fire hydrant. When the gate valve is closed, a drain valve allows water to exit the upper barrel, lower barrel, and shoe fitting, preventing damage during freezing temperatures.

Abstract: An adjustable operating rod assembly is provided. In one embodiment a telescoping rod and tube are provided such that the length of the operating rod can be selectively adjusted in order to accommodate fluid inlet pipes of various lengths and regardless of manufacturer.

Abstract: A yard hydrant, including a discharge nozzle above ground level, connects to other vertically reciprocal working parts in the ground below the frost line. A water storage chamber, disposed below the frost line, is formed in part by a deformable diaphragm. Residual water in the hydrant, when the hydrant is turned off, is collected in the water storage chamber and returned to the hydrant for discharge through the nozzle when the hydrant is turned on. A venturi disposed in the water supply line creates turbulence and thereby creates a lower pressure adjacent the exit of the venturi when the hydrant is turned on. This lowered pressure at the venturi exit speeds up the evacuation of water from the water storage chamber when the hydrant is on so the storage chamber can accept and store water that would otherwise be above the frost line when the hydrant is turned off.

Abstract: A method for liquid phase deposition, including the steps of providing at least two raw materials from at least two supply devices of a saturation reaction system into a mixture trough and stirring until saturation occurs, filtering out unnecessary solid-state particles, and providing saturated and filtered liquid into an over-saturation reaction trough of a steady-flow over-saturation loop reaction system and stopping the saturated and filtered liquid when the over-saturation reaction trough is filled and the saturated and filtered liquid over-flows into a liquid level control trough to a pre-determined level. The method also includes the steps of providing a substrate in the over-saturation reaction trough, providing reactants from at least two supply devices into the over-saturation reaction trough, and depositing a thin film onto the substrate when the saturated liquid becomes over-saturated.

Abstract: An improved freezeproof or freeze resistant valve assembly is provided for use in an outdoor drinking fountain or the like. The fountain includes a main on-off valve for coupling an underground water supply conduit via a standpipe to a fountain head to dispense water. The freezeproof assembly comprises a sump chamber installed below the frost line and having a piston mounted therein for reciprocal movement between advanced and retracted positions. When the main valve is turned off, the piston retracts by gravity within the sump chamber and residual water remaining within the standpipe drains to the sump chamber at low pressure through a normally open control valve mounted on the piston. When the main valve is turned on, the control valve is closed by water pressure and the piston is advanced within the sump chamber to expel the water previously collected therein through a discharge conduit coupled to a main fountain drain.

Abstract: For combination with a tubular casing, the casing having a bore and a side wall through port, the improvement comprises, in combination, an assembly to be lowered in the casing to establish water flow upwardly in the casing, and then out the side port, the assembly comprises a hollow body sized to travel in the casing, the body having a side nipple, to be received in the port, the body having a lower connection to which a well pipe is connectible to deliver water upwardly to the nipple; a dog pivotally connected to the body and having first and second legs alternately engageable with the casing bore; and elongated support structure extending within and upwardly from the body and movable longitudinally in the casing and rotatable relative to the body, the structure having operative connection to the dog to pivot the dog between a first position, in which the dog first leg engages the casing bore to thereby retain the nipple within the casing bore spaced from the side port, and a second position in which the do

Abstract: A yard hydrant of the venturi check valve-fluid reservoir type has a manually operable flow diverter valve which will provide full fluid flow through the hydrant to effectively siphon residual fluid from the reservoir without removal of hoses, backflow preventers or the like from the nozzle of the hydrant. The flow diverter valve is located upstream of the fluid discharge nozzle of the hydrant. A tube connects the venturi check valve with the extreme bottom of the reservoir so that all the residual fluid in the reservoir can be removed therefrom.

Abstract: A freeze and contamination resistant hydrant, for controlling fluid flow includes: a vertically elongated conduit having a lower portion adapted for installation underground, the conduit having a lower fluid inlet associated with that lower portion, and an upper fluid outlet, for passing fluid; a valve in the lower portion of the conduit; a plunger, with a stopper of substantially circular horizontal cross-section attached, extending downward through the conduit into the valve for closing and opening the same; an upper drain port in the valve above the stopper drains any fluid trapped above the valve when the valve is closed; a venturi conduit below the valve having a venturi port; and a fluid reservoir surrounding at least the lower portion of the conduit. When the valve is opened, fluid passes from the lower fluid inlet to the upper fluid outlet and through the venturi conduit to induce fluid flow from the reservoir through the venturi port.

Abstract: A freeze resisting valve apparatus, for controlling water flow, the combination comprising: a vertically elongated, hollow valve body having a lower portion adapted for installation underground, the body having a lower water inlet associated with the lower portion, and an upper water outlet, for passing a stream of pressurized water through the body; a water reservoir adapted for installation underground and having communication with the body lower portion via an ejector port; a valve seat projecting in the lower portion of the body and having a narrowed passage extending upwardly and positioned to increase pressurized water flow velocity in proximity to the port, the ejector port being proximate the level of the seat; a valve member tapering downwardly toward an apex always remaining in alignment with the narrowed passage as the stopper member moves toward and away from the seat to effect drainage of water in the valve body downwardly, in the body past the stopper to the reservoir when the stopper is closed

Abstract: Freeze resisting valve apparatus, for controlling water flow, includes: a vertically elongated, hollow valve body having a lower portion adapted for installation underground, the body having a lower water inlet associated with that lower portion, and an upper water outlet, for passing a stream of pressurized water through the body; a water reservoir adapted for installation underground and having communication with the body lower portion via a port; a valve seat in the lower portion of the body and having a narrowed passage positioned to increase pressurized water flow velocity in proximity to the port; and a stopper movable toward and away from the seat to effect drainage of water in the valve body downwardly past the stopper to the reservoir when the stopper is closed on the seat, and to effect inducing of water flow from the reservoir and into the stream via the seat passage when the stopper is retracted from the seat.

Abstract: An improved freezeproof valve assembly is provided for a water hydrant, such as an outdoor drinking fountain or the like. The valve assembly comprises a sump housing for installation below the ground frost line and for connection between a water supply pipe and a standpipe, the latter being coupled in turn to a fountain bubbler head or the like. A control valve within the sump housing is opened pneumatically upon depression of an actuator button on the fountain to permit water flow from the supply pipe through a main jet pump which draws an induced water flow from within the sump housing through an induction port thereby providing a combined water flow through the standpipe to the bubbler head. This combined water flow is maintained substantially constant by a float-activated refill valve which permits a refill water flow from the supply pipe into the sump housing sufficient to maintain the housing water level above the main jet pump induction port.

Abstract: A valve is located below the frost line in the water supply line for a drinking fountain or the like. When the valve is opened, a piston is raised by the water pressure, compressing a spring. When the valve is closed, the spring retracts the piston, sucking the water in the line down below the frost line. Water is retained within the valve and not drained into the surrounding earth. Hence, danger of pollution is reduced.

Abstract: A hydrant for controlling the flow of water from an underground supply includes a casing connected at its lower end to the supply and its upper end to a nozzle for delivery of water from the casing. The flow of water from the supply to the casing is controlled by a main valve operated by a handle on the hydrant casing. An ejector purge apparatus drains the casing after the flow of water through the casing has been terminated by the main valve in order to prevent frost damage. The ejector purge apparatus includes a purge valve controlling flow from the supply through a conduit to a location outside of the hydrant casing. The conduit includes a flow constricting element and a port adjacent the flow constricting element that is in fluid communication with the casing. Flow through the purge valve and the flow constricting element results in venturi evacuation of the water within the casing.

Abstract: A nonfreezing, nonpolluting hydrant construction. The hydrant includes an above-ground discharge head, a main valve body disposed below frost line, and a stand pipe interconnecting the two. A flow tube is mounted inside the stand pipe. The upper end of the flow tube is connected to a hydrant opening and closing actuator which reciprocates the flow tube. The lower end of the flow tube carries an ejector assembly incorporating a venturi. In its lower position the ejector engages a seat to close off an inlet line. When the hydrant is shut off, water in the upper portion of the hydrant drains to the valve body and lower portion of the stand pipe below frost line. On subsequent opening of the hydrant, this water is ejected through the venturi. The hydrant also includes a float and check valve assembly to prevent filling of the stand pipe in the event the discharge line is blocked while the hydrant is open. A modified unit in which the hydrant mechanism is embodied in a drinking fountain is also disclosed.

Abstract: A water supply control appliance adapted to be buried in soil beneath local frost level contains a chamber fitted with a piston which is spring-biased in opposition to inlet water pressure. Such pressure forces the piston to fully charged position at one end of the chamber whereupon a piston valve is opened to pass the water to outlet. Closing the supply valve releases pressure on the piston, permitting the piston to move in response to the spring bias. The piston movement pumps water below the piston out to drain and drains water from the outlet lines into the expanded chamber above the piston, safe from frost. Water in the drain line will, at the end of the piston travel, fall back into the chamber above the piston after piston travel is completed, when a piston ring seal spans a port to the drain line.

Abstract: A freeze resistant sanitary hydrant is provided that employs a reservoir for storage of fluid under the frost line or in an area not prone to freezing. To evacuate this reservoir, a means for altering pressure is provided that is able to function in hydrant systems that employ a vacuum breaker.