Abstract: Flow modulator (10) for a fluid like combustion gas, comprising: a housing (11), a modulator body (14) positioned with the housing (11), and a valve body (18) positioned with the housing (11). The modulator body (14) has a flow channel (15) and an opening (16) providing together a flow passage (17) for the fluid. The valve body (18) is provided by a foil element (19), wherein the foil element (19) has an opening (20) for the fluid, wherein the foil element (19) is rotatable relative to the modulator body (14) to modulate the flow of the fluid by adjusting an overlap between the opening (20) of the valve body (18) and the flow passage (17) of the modulator body (14), and wherein the foil element (19) is positioned up-stream of the modulator body (14) such that an inlet pressure of the fluid presses the foil element (19) against the modulator body (14) thereby providing a sealing level between the foil element (19) and the modulator body (14).

Abstract: A system for performing irrigation of a body cavity includes a reservoir containing an irrigation liquid, a catheter and a controller. The catheter is configured to be at least partially inserted into the body cavity and has a flushing passage, a drain passage and a retention balloon. A waste drain valve is in fluid communication with the drain passage of the catheter and is movable between a closed configuration, where waste is retained within the drain passage, and an open configuration where waste flows through the drain passage. The controller is in fluid communication with the reservoir and the catheter, and has a pump and a valve assembly. The valve assembly is changeable between configurations where, when the pump is actuated, irrigation liquid is pumped from the reservoir to the retention balloon, from the reservoir to the flushing passage of the catheter and from the retention balloon to the reservoir.

Abstract: A fluid cross-free switching valve includes a valve body, a first drive assembly and a second drive assembly. The valve body includes a valve head, a valve core seat and a rotor valve core. The valve core seat is rotatable relative to the valve head. The rotor valve core is slidably mounted on the valve core seat. The rotor valve core is fitted with the valve head. The valve head is provided with at least three reversing connectors. The rotor valve core is provided with a groove that is in communication with the reversing connector on a fitting surface of the rotor valve core and the valve head. The first drive assembly is able to drive the valve core seat to rotate, and the second drive assembly is able to drive the rotor valve core to slide.

Abstract: A universal rough-in valve (20) includes a valve chamber (34) configured to receive a valve manifold (72). The universal rough-in valve includes a first valve inlet (22) configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a first supply line to the valve chamber and a second valve inlet (24) configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a second supply line to the valve chamber. The universal rough-in valve includes a first valve outlet (29) configured to provide a pathway for fluid from the valve chamber to a first outlet line, and a valve manifold (72) coupled to the valve chamber.

Abstract: A flow control apparatus for a heat exchange system of a vehicle, including a housing, a valve cartridge assembly, and a control part. A first protrusion is provided on the housing; correspondingly, a second protrusion is provided on a shell of the control part; the first protrusion and the second protrusion are assembled and engaged; a first valve plate is sealed from a second valve plate, so that the seal performance of a product can be improved.

Abstract: A flow path switching unit switches a flow path to an introduction state for introducing a sample in a sample loop, an analysis state for flowing a mobile phase into a column via the sample loop, or a cleaning state for introducing a cleaning solution into a sample loop. A command execution processing unit executes a plurality of preset control commands. A selection acceptance processing unit accepts a selection as to whether or not to switch the flow path from the analysis state to the cleaning state. In the case in which the selection of switching the flow path from the analysis state to the cleaning state is accepted by the selection acceptance processing unit, the command setting processing unit automatically includes the first switching command for switching the flow path from the analysis state to the cleaning state and the second switching command for returning the flow path from the cleaning state to the analysis state in a plurality of control commands.

Abstract: Systems and processes for use of concentric adsorbent beds with rotary valve assemblies are provided.

Abstract: A built-in electric air pump for an inflating object includes a pump casing, a switch hand-wheel, a connection pipe, an air passage switching device, an air pump, and an air valve and a power switch. The pump casing includes a box-shaped chamber. The switch hand-wheel is provided at an external lateral side of the panel. The air passage switching device is provided with an internal pipe having a first opening and a second opening respectively arranged at an upper end and a lower end of the internal pipe. The first opening communicates with outside of the inflating object, and the second opening communicates with the air valve. A diaphragm is provided inside the internal pipe. A first venting hole and a second venting hole are respectively provided on internal walls at two sections of the internal pipe above and below the diaphragm. An external sleeve is provided outside the internal pipe. The lower end of the external sleeve is fixedly connected to the pump casing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a control cartridge for single-lever mixer taps, comprising a housing in which a ceramic base disk and a rotatable and displaceable ceramic control disk resting on the base disk are situated. An inlet for the cold water and hot water, respectively, and an outlet for the mixed water are situated in the base disk, and the mixed water is diverted in the control disk and leaves the control cartridge via the outlet in the base disk. In order for automatic scalding protection to be integrated into the control cartridge, i.e.

Abstract: When, at the initial operation of an air mattress having inflating and deflating functions or at restarting after maintenance, many air cells need to be filled with a large amount of air, the air supply/discharge pump is operated at a driving force (the first power output) close to the maximum driving capacity thereof in order to inflate the air cells as soon as possible. In the normal operation in which the bed user is lying on the bed, when the air supply/discharge pump needs to be driven in order to cause alternate inflation and deflation or in order to prevent the user from touching the bottom, the air supply/discharge pump is driven at a second or third power output lower than the first power output. Thereby, it is possible in the air mattress having inflating and deflating functions to achieve rapid pressure adjustment and alleviate bed user's discomfortable feeling due to the operation noise of the pump upon the pressure adjustment.

Abstract: When, at the initial operation of an air mattress having inflating and deflating functions or at restarting after maintenance, many air cells need to be filled with a large amount of air, the air supply/discharge pump is operated at a driving force (the first power output) close to the maximum driving capacity thereof in order to inflate the air cells as soon as possible. In the normal operation in which the bed user is lying on the bed, when the air supply/discharge pump needs to be driven in order to cause alternate inflation and deflation or in order to prevent the user from touching the bottom, the air supply/discharge pump is driven at a second or third power output lower than the first power output. Thereby, it is possible in the air mattress having inflating and deflating functions to achieve rapid pressure adjustment and alleviate bed user's discomfortable feeling due to the operation noise of the pump upon the pressure adjustment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a switch (1) for an operating material, comprising an inlet opening (3) for introducing an operating material into an inlet side (2), and several outlet openings (5) for discharging the operating material to an outlet side (4). An actuator (6) comprising a connecting channel (7) is arranged between the inlet side (2) and the outlet side (4), said actuator can be adjusted such that the connecting channel (7) can connect the inlet opening (3) to one of the outlet openings (5). Said actuator (6) consists of at least two parts (9, 10), and the connecting channel (7) is defined, at least in sections, by both parts (9, 10) of the actuator (31, 32, 33, 34).

Abstract: Burner assemblies and methods for operating burner assemblies are provided. A method includes outputting a maximum gaseous fuel supply to a first burner and no gaseous fuel supply to a second burner when a burner assembly knob is in a first position, outputting a minimum gaseous fuel supply to the first burner and no gaseous fuel supply to the second burner when the knob is in a second position, outputting a minimum gaseous fuel supply to the first burner and a maximum gaseous fuel supply to the second burner when the knob is in a third position, and outputting a minimum gaseous fuel supply to the first burner and a minimum gaseous fuel supply to the second burner when the knob is in a fourth position.

Abstract: A multi-position rotary shear valve assembly having a substantially metallic or ceramic stator device and a substantially metallic or ceramic rotor device. The stator device defines a substantially planar stator face and at least two or more stator channels in fluid communication with the stator face at corresponding stator ports, while the rotor device includes a substantially planar rotor face defining one or more rotor channels. A tribological coating is disposed atop at least one of the rotor face and the stator face, which enables a substantially fluid-tight, selective relative rotation between the rotor face and the stator face, at a rotor-stator interface, between two or more rotor positions.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments are directed to rotary shear valves which include a stator, a rotor defining a cavity extending at least partially therethrough, and a bladder. The rotor is rotatably mounted relative to the stator to create at least one fluidic path therebetween. The bladder comprises a polymer disposed inside the cavity. Exemplary embodiments are also directed to methods of operating a rotary shear valve.

Abstract: A plant and a method for the recycling of plastics, preferably PET, including a switching device for switching between a first process line for a first production process for the production of a first recycling product, in particular pellets, and a second process line for a production process for the production of a second recycling product, in particular flakes, so as to render the recycling process more flexible.

Abstract: A multi-position rotary shear valve assembly having a substantially metallic or ceramic stator device and a substantially metallic or ceramic rotor device. The stator device defines a substantially planar stator face and at least two or more stator channels in fluid communication with the stator face at corresponding stator ports, while the rotor device includes a substantially planar rotor face defining one or more rotor channels. A tribological coating is disposed atop at least one of the rotor face and the stator face, which enables a substantially fluid-tight, selective relative rotation between the rotor face and the stator face, at a rotor-stator interface, between two or more rotor positions.

Abstract: A rotary valve is disclosed. The valve comprises a drive shaft, a rotor coupled to the drive shaft, a least one bearing surface coupled to the rotor, a stator adjacent to the rotor, at least one solid bearing surface coupled to the stator, and at least one ring bearing surface coupled to the stator.

Abstract: A regulating valve has a dome, a discharge sheet and a flow deflector. The dome has a base and a circumferential wall. The discharge sheet and the flow deflector are set in the dome in sequence. A discharge portion, a cold water portion, a hot water portion and a warm water portion are set on the base. A discharge slot, a cold water slot, a hot water slot and a warm water slot are set on the discharge sheet correspondingly. A guide slot is extended outwards from the center of the circle on the surface of the flow deflector. The end point of the center of the guide slot is set correspondingly to the discharge slot. When the flow deflector is rotated, there may occur either of a water shutdown state, or a hot, lukewarm, warm, chilly or cold water discharge state, enabling to switch water discharge efficiently.

Abstract: A valve body in each of heat medium flow switching devices has an open portion. When the length from a connection between a first passage pipe and a third passage pipe to a connection between a second passage pipe and the third passage pipe is defined as a casing passage width, a valve body passage width of the open portion in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the valve body is smaller than the casing passage width.

Abstract: A rotary disc valve unit and refrigerators containing a rotary disc valve unit that has multiple valves, in which at least one rotary valve has ports connecting to the regenerator and at least one rotary valve has ports connecting to the warm ends of one or more pulse tubes where the rotary valve with ports for the regenerator has lighter contact than the rotary valve with ports for the pulse tubes. The valve face is divided into an inner area with ports for the pulse tubes and an outer area with ports for the regenerator, the inner area having a greater sealing pressure than the outer area.

Abstract: An agricultural sprayer includes a spray boom equipped with a plurality of spray heads, with each head having a body defining a cavity located in fluid communication with a fluid inlet and an array of four outlets leading to four nozzles respectively having different flow rates. A nozzle-select control member is mounted for rotation in the cavity and includes a fluid passage arrangement for establishing fluid connections between the inlet and different ones or combinations of the four nozzles as the control member is rotated among preselected discrete positions by an electric stepper motor, with the stepper motor being controlled in response to vehicle speed so that the spray tip capacity decreases for effecting a constant application rate as the vehicle speed decreases from a maximum permitted speed.

Abstract: A multi-position rotary shear valve assembly having a substantially metallic or ceramic stator device and a substantially metallic or ceramic rotor device. The stator device defines a substantially planar stator face and at least two or more stator channels in fluid communication with the stator face at corresponding stator ports, while the rotor device includes a substantially planar rotor face defining one or more rotor channels. A tribological coating is disposed atop at least one of the rotor face and the stator face, which enables a substantially fluid-tight, selective relative rotation between the rotor face and the stator face, at a rotor-stator interface, between two or more rotor positions.

Abstract: A ceramic control valve has a valve shell that orderly has a control shaft, an upper ceramic piece, a lower ceramic piece and a valve base connected underneath to avoid the abovementioned components from falling out. The ceramic control valve can change the water output style of the faucet without an additional handle, and the water output can be switched between front portion of the faucet and showerhead to effectively reduce the components of the faucets and simplify the assembly process.

Abstract: A multi-position rotary shear valve assembly having a metallic or ceramic stator device and a metallic or ceramic rotor device. The stator device defines a planar stator face and two or more stator channels in fluid communication with the stator face at corresponding stator ports, while the rotor device includes a substantially planar rotor face defining one or more rotor channels. A tribological coating is disposed atop at least one of the rotor and stator face. The valve assembly includes a polymer insert device defining an exposed contact face having an inner diameter less than that of the outer circumferential edge and an outer diameter more than the outer circumferential edge. The insert device is formed for press-fit insertion in a groove defined in the rotor face. The outer circumferential edge of the stator face contacts the insert exposed face during rotation between the two or more rotor positions.

Abstract: A closing valve unit for a centrifugal cleaner arrangement including first and second connecting members configured to connect a cyclone to a centrifugal cleaner group, and a movable valve sandwiched between the first and second connecting members, the moveable valve including apertures commensurate with openings to feed and reject conduits of the cyclone and to openings to feed and reject conduits of the cyclone cleaner group, wherein the movable valve has a first position in which the apertures are aligned with the cyclone and cleaner group feed conduits and with the cyclone accept and cleaner group accept conduits, and a control element connected to the moveable valve and configured to move the moveable valve between the first position and the second positions.

Abstract: A water valve suitable for use with a bathtub has a housing, a control bolt, an angular positioning device, an upper ceramic plate, a lower ceramic plate and a valve base. The water valve is mounted onto a water supply unit of the bathtub and used for switching between different water outlet options.

Abstract: A multi-channel stepped motor operated gas adjusting valve includes a valve shell, a reduction motor, a locator, a gas flow distributor and a locator rotation angle detecting mechanism. The gas flow distributor has a disk which is tightly attached to a hard hollow washer. An inner wall of the valve shell is provided with locating ends corresponding to a group of locating nodes to form the locator rotation angle detecting mechanism. Each locating node is placed corresponding to a gas flow distribution groove of the same sequence. The inner wall of the valve shell is also provided with stopping blocks at a beginning state and an ending state of the locator. The valve enables accurate control by utilizing an action position feedback signal and a control circuit, and enables multi-position stepped adjustment on gas flow rate upon multi-channel gas passages simultaneously. The valve can independently cut the multi-channel gas passages.

Abstract: A liquid flow rate control valve is provided in which since a distributor (38) is rotated relative to a sleeve (37) by a first drive source (46) only through a predetermined angle, the total area of overlapping sections of a first opening (37a) of the sleeve (37) and the second opening (38c) of the distributor (38) changes, and a rotor (42) having a third opening (42c 42d) is rotated by a second drive source (47), it is possible to carry out PWM control of the liquid input from an input port (61e) and output it from an output port (61f).

Abstract: A multiple fluid selection valve including a stator and a rotor is provided. The stator includes a stator interface and a plurality of ports arranged into a plurality of port groups. Each port group has a common port and non-common ports. The non-common ports include a first non-common port and a second non-common port. The rotor includes a plurality of first channels, each first channel extending from an axial center of the rotor to at least a point on the rotor interface alignable with the common ports for fluid communication therewith. The rotor also includes a plurality of second channels, each second channel extending from at least a point on the rotor interface alignable with the common ports for fluid communication therewith to at least a point on the rotor interface alignable with the first non-common ports and/or the second non-common ports for fluid communication therewith.

Abstract: A cooling circuit for a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine for motor vehicles, includes a main cooling circuit including a feed line leading to a radiator and a return line, and a bypass line, which bypasses the radiator and can be controlled as a function of temperature and secondary cooling circuit for a retarder of a braking device of the motor vehicle, which is connected, likewise by a feed line, a return line and a control valve, to the main cooling circuit. The two cooling circuits (2, 3) can be controlled by a single rotary slide valve (10). Both cooling circuits (2, 3) are interconnected in such a way that the flow rates thereof to the radiator (6) and/or to the retarder (4) can be varied in a predetermined or defined manner, in particular between 0% and 100%.

Abstract: A shaft body (12) is rotatable around an axial line (C-C). A first valve element (13a) is located between a first opening (11a) and a second opening (11b) and it has a first notch (13a1). A second valve element (13b) is located between first opening (11a) and a third opening (11c) and it has a second notch (13b1). By rotating first and second valve elements (13a, 13b) around the axial line (C-C) as a center (O), an operation for opening and closing first and second notches (13a1, 13b1) can be performed.

Abstract: Rotary valves are disclosed, comprising a seal sheet affixed to a rotor. At least some area, namely a “rotor plate surface mating area” is provided, over which a seal sheet anchoring assembly can directly abut, along a planar portion, the rotor plate surface that is in contact with the seal sheet. This advantageously provides an area of direct contacting between the seal sheet anchoring assembly, or one of its components, and the rotor plate, with the abutting surfaces being defined by consistently rigid materials (e.g., metals such as stainless steel) that undergo substantially no deformation, compression, or softening over conditions of normal operation.

Abstract: A method of operating a rotary valve using a variable dome seating pressure to provide a minimum seating force for each position of the valve is described.

Abstract: A rotary flow valve apparatus and associated systems and methods, comprising: a front plate (11) comprising a plurality of fluid entry ports (14) running therethrough; a rear plate (12) comprising one central fluid exit port (30) running through a substantial center thereof and P peripheral fluid exit ports (31-36) running through a substantially circumferential periphery thereof; P flow selector bars (91) integrally connecting the front plate (11) with the rear plate (12) and fixing the front plate relative to the rear plate; P inter-bar flow channels (92) defined between rotationally-adjacent pairs of the flow selector bars (91); and a selector cylinder (13) seated over and freely and continuously rotatable around the flow selector bars and relative to the front and rear plates. There are twice as many entry ports (14) as peripheral exit ports (31-36).

Abstract: Aspects of the invention are associated with the discovery of methods for operating rotary valves that reduce or minimize wear of the seal sheet, which is often the limiting factor in overall processing capability of the valve. The control of certain parameters associated with the rotary valve operation, and particularly the seating pressure of the seal sheet (e.g., the dome pressure), can extend the useful life of the seal sheet, thereby avoiding excessive maintenance and downtime costs. In preferred embodiments, control is on a real time basis.

Abstract: A rotary valve is designed to include a stator with multiple pairs of ports for connection to flow-through components and a rotor with elongated recesses that form flow channels with minimal dead volume and that permit a reversal of flow direction through any component by rotation of the valve through a very small angle.

Abstract: A ceramic water control valve with ceramic chips having pressing leak-proof functions is provided with a pressing ceramic chip and a pressing seal ring. The sliding ceramic chip is in a directional positioning state and can be pressed to be abutted with the fixed ceramic chip more tightly and durably, so as to enhance the leak-proof effect on top of the shell. The ceramic water control valve has a lateral outgoing path pattern, which can improve its durability and applicability.

Abstract: A pump assembly including an air motor includes a pressure regulator assembly connected to a motive fluid inlet of the air motor. The pressure regulator assembly has a housing that contains an actuator assembly, a ball valve assembly, a bleed valve, a first pressure adjustment assembly, and a second adjustment assembly. The housing includes a motive fluid inlet port, a pressure regulator outlet, a bleed valve port, an actuator support, a pressure adjustment chamber, and a ball valve chamber. The pressure regulator assembly includes at least one gauge that displays at least one measurement parameter.

Abstract: An air motor includes ceramic valves and valve plates to enhance performance and efficiency of the air motor.

Abstract: An air motor for a pump assembly including a drop tube communicating between an upper chamber port and a top plate port and including a longitudinal axis that is at an angle of between about 0° and 10° with respect to each of the upper chamber longitudinal axis and the top plate port longitudinal axis. The drop tube has a substantially constant internal diameter, a first generally bulbous end, a second generally bulbous end, and first and second slots defined in the respective first and second bulbous ends. First and second seals are positioned in the respective first and second slots, and the first and second seals air-tightly seal an outer surface of the drop tube within the upper chamber port and the top plate port.

Abstract: A duel fuel gas control valve controls the supply of gas (e.g., natural gas or liquid propane gas) to a gas grill. The duel fuel gas control valve is structured to control either natural or LP gas flow at the desired operating characteristics based on conventional gas supply characteristics and gas grill requirements. A restrictor mechanism, when in first and second configurations, respectively, restricts movement of the valve core to a first predetermined range for a first mode of operation (first type of gas supply) and to a second predetermined range for a second mode of operation (second type of gas supply).

Abstract: An indexing arrangement (10) includes a rotor (12) ; a stator (14) spaced from the rotor; a rotary seal (16) located between the rotor and the stator, with the seal being rotatable with the rotor; means for urging the rotary seal into sealing contact with the stator; ports (20, 24, 22) in the rotor, in the stator and in the rotary seal; and connecting means (26) for connecting respective ports (20) in the rotor with respective ports in the rotary seal; so that in use fluid can flow through the ports in the rotor, into the ports in the rotary seal via the connecting means, and out through the ports (24) in the stator.

Abstract: A multiple fluid selection valve including a stator and a rotor is provided. The stator includes a stator interface and a plurality of ports arranged into a plurality of port groups. Each port group has a common port and non-common ports. The non-common ports include a first non-common port and a second non-common port. The rotor includes a plurality of first channels, each first channel extending from an axial center of the rotor to at least a point on the rotor interface alignable with the common ports for fluid communication therewith. The rotor also includes a plurality of second channels, each second channel extending from at least a point on the rotor interface alignable with the common ports for fluid communication therewith to at least a point on the rotor interface alignable with the first non-common ports and/or the second non-common ports for fluid communication therewith.

Abstract: A switching valve is proposed that switches between at least two different outlets with the aid of a valve closing body and a valve seat. The valve contains an actuating device that can be actuated by the user. The actuating device acts on an advancing device that advances the valve closing body from a stable, discrete position into another stable, discrete position. The advancement can be caused either by the interaction of beveled surfaces or by means of the flow of water.

Abstract: A multiport rotary valve apparatus for directing fluid streams which has two circular stationary heads and two circular rotating heads. The first stationary head has at least two and preferably more primary ports for connection with fluid streams and a corresponding number of secondary ports for connection to fluid-solid contacting chambers. The second stationary head has the same number of primary ports as the first stationary head (at least two and preferably more) for connection with the fluid streams and the same number of secondary ports for a second connection to the fluid-solid contacting chambers. Each stationary head includes internal conduits for the connection of the primary and secondary ports to a rotating head.

Abstract: The invention concerns a rotary distribution apparatus (30) for distributing process liquids, typically in ion exchange and chromatographic separation in the processing of sugar juice. The apparatus includes a core (2) into which fixed process liquid supply pipes (3) extend and annular fluid distribution chambers defined between the core and an outer shell (4) which rotates around the core. Rotating pipes (5) are provided which rotate with the shell and which are connected between selected distribution chambers and selected ports in a rotating indexing disc (6) which rotates, with the shell, relative to a stationary indexing disc (7). The arrangement is such that as the rotating disc rotates, different streams of process liquid streams fed to the rotating disc through the rotating pipes are introduced to fixed ports in the stationary disc. The latter ports are arranged to feed the streams selectively to selected destinations.

Abstract: A segmented positioning structure of a ceramic shunt valve having a shell, a plurality of segmented coupling portions, a water segregator, a segmented positioning plate, a plurality of segmented positioning portions and an elastic supporting member. The elastic supporting member is installed between the rotational positioning seat of the water segregator and the segmented positioning plate, so that the segmented positioning plate is elastically braced in an elastic floating state, and a spacing edge is located beside the locating rod for limitation of the segmented positioning plate. When the braking shaft lever is rotated, the segmented positioning plate will be in a floating state under the elastic bracing of elastic supporting member, in tune with the interlocking and disengagement state of the segmented positioning portion and segmented coupling portion. This could realize excellent elastic locking effect and reduce the abrasion between the segmented positioning portion and segmented coupling portion.

Abstract: A movable flow controller is interposed in a fluid flow path. The flow controller includes an elongate groove having a first end and a second end. The groove preferably is sized and shaped so that a cross-sectional area of the groove changes along its length from the first end to the second end, and terminates in a hole through the flow controller. In operation, a portion of the groove is aligned with an inlet of the flow path on a first side of the controller, and the hole is in communication with an outlet of the flow path on a second side of the controller. Moving the flow controller relative to the flow path input varies the minimum cross-sectional area of the flow path through the controller and thus selectively limits fluid flow through the controller.

Abstract: A rotary ink valve for providing ink in a printing press is provided. The valve includes a stationary outer portion having first and second ends connected by a body, said body having a substantially cylindrical interior area and having at least one bypass aperture and a substantially tubular inner portion lying within and rotatable within said cylindrical interior area of said outer portion and having first and second ends connected by a side wall, and having at least one bypass aperture in said side wall. The ink valve further includes at least one of the substantially cylindrical interior area and the side wall having a plurality of grooves, each of the plurality of grooves holding a lubricant.