Abstract: A method of controlling a viscosity of fuel in a fuel control system with a vibratory meter is provided. The method includes providing the fuel to the vibratory meter, measuring a property of the fuel with the vibratory meter, and generating a signal based on the measured property of the fuel. The method also includes providing the signal to a temperature control unit configured to control the temperature of the fuel provided to the vibratory meter.

Abstract: A specific gravity measurement apparatus has a specific gravity hydrometer that carries a codestrip at the top. A linear optical encoder is disposed to view the codestrip and to output electronic signals that are indicative of a movement of the codestrip relative to said encoder. The movement is indicative of a change in the specific gravity of the liquid, such as a change in a salinity of the aquarium water in which the hydrometer floats. The measurement apparatus may be incorporated into a saltwater aquarium salinity control system where an electronic controller uses the measurement inputs to control a plurality of pumps for selectively adding saltwater or freshwater to the aquarium water in order to control the salinity of the water at a given setpoint level.

Abstract: A method for dynamically evaluating sag of a fluid by providing a test volume of the fluid into an angled sample chamber, wherein the angled sample chamber has a central axis, and wherein the central axis of the angled sample chamber is angled relative to horizontal, rotating the sample chamber about the central axis for a test period, and determining a sag density, wherein the sag density is a density of a fluid sample taken at a sample location within a stratum of the test volume of the fluid present in the angled sample chamber.

Abstract: The invention provides a water quality analyzer with which an abnormality in the collection of water can be determined by detecting whether or not a predetermined amount of a liquid sample has been fed into a sample container. The analyzer is formed of: a sample container 53 into which a liquid sample can be introduced through a liquid sample introduction port 53e formed in a lower portion of the container 53; a light source unit 51 for irradiating the container 53 with light; and a detection unit 52 for detecting light that has passed through the container 53, and further includes a determination unit for determining whether or not a predetermined amount of the liquid sample has been contained in the container 53 on the basis of the change in the light intensity detected by the detection unit 52 when the liquid sample is fed into the container 53.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and to a method for the hydrodynamic removal of dense materials from a suspension, said device comprising a hydrocyclone (1), which holds the suspension, a classifying tube (2), which adjoins the hydrocyclone, and a storage chamber (3), which holds the removed dense materials, wherein a flushing water flow to the classifying tube (2) and a flushing water flow to the storage chamber (3) are provided, which can be controlled in a closed-loop or open-loop manner by means of a control element provided at the feed to the classifying tube and a control element provided at the feed to the storage chamber, respectively.

Abstract: An air temperature adjusting system includes a gas-liquid mixing device, a temperature adjusting device, a gas-liquid separating device and a gas-liquid circulating device for driving gas-liquid to move among the gas-liquid mixing device, the temperature adjusting device and the gas-liquid separating device. The gas-liquid mixing device is for absorbing air into liquid to mix the air with the liquid and bringing a mixture of the air and the liquid into the gas-liquid separating device after a temperature of the mixture is adjusted by the temperature adjusting device; and the gas-liquid separating device is for separating the air with the liquid. The gas-liquid mixing device includes at least one T-shaped pipe, wherein a main pipe of each T-shaped pipe is interconnected; a branch pipe of each T-shaped pipe has an opening intercommunicated to the air.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for detecting a change in a specific gravity of a fluid surrounding the apparatus wherein the fluid moves upwardly and downwardly with respect to the apparatus. The apparatus includes a housing having a top and a plurality of openings for allowing the fluid to enter the housing. A first floatation device is provided having a first specific gravity and being located within the housing. The first floatation device includes a magnet. A second floatation device is provided having a second specific gravity and located within the housing adjacent said first floatation device. The said second floatation device includes a magnet aligned to have the same polarity as the magnet of the first floatation device. A switch fixedly attached to said top, the switch having an open state and a closed state where when one of said magnets is in proximity to the switch, the switch is in a closed state and wherein when both of said magnets are in proximity to said switch, the switch is in an open state.

Abstract: Method for making salt brine of a desired concentration wherein tap water and recycle dilute brine is passed from a sump tank located indoors into a mixing tank located outdoors. A dilute brine flow from the mixing tank is passed into the sump tank. The concentration of the brine in the sump tank is monitored with a floatable container filled with desired concentration brine. As soon as the container floats in the brine in the sump tank, the brine in the mixing tank is passed into a brine storage tank located outdoors. The salt brine manufacturing system for implementing the method also is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for automatically producing a desired specific gravity of a salt solution used for deicing highways. Highway departments can produce a high volume of salt solution of a desired specific gravity by a machine that automatically feeds salt and water into a hopper tank to produce brine, then automatically measures and adjusts the specific gravity of the brine by adding greater or lesser amounts of fresh water to the brine removed from the hopper tank. The salt added to the hopper tank contains impurities, which are removed by self-cleaning strainers. The sediment so removed flows to a trash tank. Sediment in the trash tank settles to the bottom thereof and the liquid collected is filtered by another set of self-cleaning strainers such that liquid from the trash tank can be sent to the hopper tank. The device automatically records the specific gravity of the solution produced.

Abstract: The proportioning valve apparatus includes a cylindrical valve body having a first inlet for receipt of a first fluid, a second inlet for receipt of a second fluid, a mixing chamber and an outlet for releasing a mixture of the two respective inputs. A rotary barrier element is positioned adjacent to the first and second inlets and operates to selectively impede the flow of fluids through first and second inlets and into the valve chamber. Rotation of the rotary valve barrier in a first direction is operative to close the first inlet while simultaneously opening the second inlet. The present invention further includes a closed loop control system utilizing measurement of the density of the output mixture to control the activation of the proportioning valve.

Abstract: An open recirculating evaporative cooling system includes a cooling tower or evaporative condenser (12) having a heated water inlet (20) and a water collection basin (22), a water supply (34) for supplying a volume of water to the cooling tower, a water supply meter (36) coupled between the cooling tower and the water supply, for registering the volume of water supplied to the cooling tower from the water supply and for providing pulse information corresponding to the volume of water supplied, a heat exchanger (16) coupled to the cooling tower basin for receiving water therefrom, for removing waste heat (18) from heat producing equipment, and for supplying the heated basin water to the cooling tower heated water inlet, a solenoid valve (30) coupled between the heat exchanger and a drain for draining water from the cooling tower basin through the heat exchanger, sources of water treatment (24, 26, 28) coupled to the cooling tower for supplying corrosion and scale and biological fouling controlling additives th

Abstract: An electrolytic chlorine gas generating system is disclosed. The system includes an electrolytic cell generating the chlorine gas, a brine tank supplying saturated brine to the anode compartment of the cell, and an acid feed tank containing hydrochloric acid at sufficient concentration to maintain the anolyte brine at less than about pH 4.0. In operation, the brine tank contains solid sodium chloride which dissolves in the brine and replenishes the anolyte brine solution as chloride ion is consumed during electrolysis. The acid feed tank is in fluid communication with the brine tank so that the brine is maintained at a constant volume during electrolysis. A caustic system is also disclosed including a means for controlling caustic delivery.

Abstract: The density of a caustic solution is reduced by automatically adding water to the caustic solution when the specific gravity of the caustic solution is unacceptably high. The mechanism consists of a flow control valve that is controlled by an switch that monitors the position of a hydrometer. The switch is activated when the density of the caustic solution rises to unacceptable levels, causing the hydrometer to rise and activate the switch. The switch controls a valve that opens and allows water to enter the caustic solution reservoir, thereby diluting the caustic solution. When sufficient water has been added to the caustic, the hydrometer drops and the switch is deactivated, thereby closing the valve that allows water to enter the caustic solution reservoir. Excess caustic solution leaves the reservoir through an overflow on the reservoir.

Abstract: A multiplicity of variable density fluid streams, each having been processed to yield individual fluid streams of desired densities, are combined in a manner to achieve controlled ratios of each stream as determined by a recipe structure to produce a final mixture of a desired density. This system further allows injection of solids or other pumpable fluids utilizing the same overall control equipment, compensating for displacement to again yield a final mixture to meet a desired weight per unit volume. This system may be utilized to manufacture a variety of products, especially edible foods such as frozen toppings, marshmallows, ice creams and other comestibles. The overall control system hardware may be extended to further control related aspects of process equipment such as heat exchange functions, flowrate, level, pressure, and the like, as may be required to achieve economical utilization of the microprocessor capabilities.

Abstract: A process for supplying a gas to a reactor comprising the steps of:(i) continuously measuring density of the gas, the gas including at least one component which is susceptible to formation of an undesired side product as shown by a variation in density of the gas; and(ii) modifying feed conditions of the gas if formation of the undesired side product is shown by a variation in the density of the gas.The process can be employed to continuously monitor the content of diborane (B.sub.2 H.sub.6) in a mixture with silane (SiH.sub.4) in a process for producing a borophosphosilicate glass.An apparatus for supplying a gas to a reactor is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for supplying a gas to a reactor comprising the steps of:(i) continuously measuring density of the gas, the gas including at least one component which is susceptible to formation of an undesired side product as shown by a variation in density of the gas; and(ii) modifying feed conditions of the gas if formation of the undesired side product is shown by a variation in the density of the gas.The process can be employed to continuously monitor the content of diborane (B.sub.2 H.sub.6) in a mixture with silane (SiH.sub.4) in a process for producing a borophosphosilicate glass.An apparatus for supplying a gas to a reactor is also disclosed.

Abstract: A density controlled product with controlled overrun amounts is formed a method and an apparatus whereby a fluid stream is measured with a mass flow meter in order to develop a predetermined liquid metering density control system for mixing a liquid having a variable density with an injected gas or liquid to derive a resultant liquid of a desired constant density may be obtained.

Abstract: A density controlled product with controlled overrun amounts is formed a method and an apparatus whereby a fluid stream is measured with a mass flow meter in order to develop a predetermined liquid metering density control system for mixing a liquid having a variable density with an injected gas or liquid to derive a resultant liquid of a desired constant density may be obtained.

Abstract: A specific gravity control apparatus 200 is disclosed which uses a plurality of electrodes 202, 204 and 206 to measure the height of a control liquid within a leg 8 to provide enhanced control of the specific gravity of the solution S. In a specific gravity control apparatus 250, a flexible diaphragm 254 isolates the solution from a control fluid. This permits a nonconductive solution to be maintained at a specific gravity by the apparatus using at least one electrode to measure the level of the control liquid which can be conductive.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for preventing or minimizing scale deposition from hard water onto heat transfer surfaces in atmospheric cooling towers, such as those used in air conditioning and refrigeration systems, where evaporative cooling of water provides the necessary heat sink to the atmosphere. An electrical/mechanical control system responsive to changes in density of the water in the evaporative cooling system operates to permit discharge of water containing dissolved and suspended solids from the system when its density reaches a predetermined maximum value and to discontinue the discharge of cooling system water when its density reaches a predetermined minimum value. Water drained from the cooling system is replaced by fresh water, preferably by water containing chemical additives to increase solubility of hard water minerals in the cooling water.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for preventing or minimizing scale deposition from hard water onto heat transfer surfaces in atmospheric cooling towers, such as those used in air conditioning and refrigeration systems, where evaporative cooling of water provides the necessary heat sink to the atmosphere. An electrical/mechanical control system responsive to changes in density of the water in the evaporative cooling system operates to permit discharge of water containing dissolved and suspended solids from the system when its density reaches a predetermined maximum value and to discontinue the discharge of cooling system water when its density reaches a predetermined minimum value. Water drained from the cooling system is replaced by fresh water, preferably by water containing chemical additives to increase solubility of hard water minerals in the cooling water.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for preventing or minimizing scale deposition from hard water onto heat transfer surfaces in atmospheric cooling towers, such as those used in air conditioning and refrigeration systems, where evaporative cooling of water provides the necessary heat sink to the atmosphere. An electrical/mechanical control system responsive to changes in density of the water in the evaporative cooling system operates to permit discharge of water containing dissolved and suspended solids from the system when its density reaches a predetermined maximum value and to discontinue the discharge of cooling system water when its density reaches a predetermined minimum value. Water drained from the cooling system is replaced by fresh water, preferably by water containing chemical additives to increase solubility of hard water minerals in the cooling water.

Abstract: A flux density control system controls the density of flux or other liquid by measuring the density and adding a thinner solvent or other liquid with a lower density than the flux. The apparatus includes a tank having an overflow adapted to maintain a set level of liquid in the tank, a liquid container positioned to receive liquid from the overflow in the tank, and a liquid pump adapted to pump liquid from the liquid container to the tank. A thinner container is provided with a thinner pump adapted to pump thinner from the thinner container to the tank. A density probe is positioned in the tank with a controller to turn off the liquid pump when the density of liquid in the tank rises above a predetermined set point, and turn on the thinner pump. The controller also turns off the thinner pump and turns on the liquid pump when the density of liquid in the tank drops below the predetermined set point.

Abstract: The present invention controls the addition of a demulsifier through a petroleum stream by causing the petroleum stream to have a density gradient relating to its water content. The petroleum stream is sampled at two different locations along the density gradient to provide two sample streams. The watercut of each sample stream is determined and at least one single correspondent to the determination has provided. The demulsifier from a source is controlled in accordance with the watercut determinations and provided to the petroleum stream prior to the creation of the density gradient.

Abstract: A fountain solution supply system for mixing and supplying a fountain solution, having two or more ingredients mixed in precise concentrations, from a reservoir to a printing press. The system includes a high-capacity pump connected to the reservoir. Substantially more than half of the flow of the fountain solution from the pump is directed through a high pressure line to operate a fluidic pump and then returned to the reservoir. The remainder of the fountain solution is directed through a low pressure line to the printing press. The return line from the printing press is connected to a primary intake of the fluidic pump. An electrically-activated, solenoid valve is connected between a secondary intake of the fluidic pump and a supply of at least one of the ingredients of the solution.

Abstract: The density of a caustic liquid is reduced by automatically adding water to the caustic when the specific gravity of the caustic is unacceptably high. A small stream of water is continuously directed over the head of a specially designed hydrometer. As long as the density of the caustic is within acceptable ranges, the stream of water flows uninterrupted over the head of the hydrometer and has no effect on the caustic. However, when the density of the caustic rises to unacceptable levels, the hydrometer rises and its head intercepts the stream of water and deflects it downwardly into the caustic, thereby diluting it. When sufficient water has been added to the caustic to bring its density back to acceptable levels, the hydrometer sinks and the water resumes flowing over the hydrometer to a collection station where it is recycled.

Abstract: An on-stream method and apparatus for measuring the content of a mineral constituent in a flowing slurried ore on a dry weight basis, is provided. The slurry density and flow rate, and optionally temperature, are measured to calculate a period of time during which the flowing slurry is diverted into a vessel in order to collect a target mass of ore solids therein. The time period is preferably calculated according to the following formula: ##EQU1## wherein: t is the period of time (sec);M.sub.solid is the selected target mass of the ore (g);Q.sub.slurry is the measured mass flow rate of the slurry (g/sec);p.sub.water is the density of water (g/cm.sup.3);p.sub.slurry is the measured density of the slurry (g/cm.sup.3); andp.sub.solid is the known density of the ore solids contained in the slurry (g/cm.sup.3).The slurry flow is then diverted into the vessel for the duration of the calculated time period.

Abstract: An improved automatic immersion coating apparatus is disclosed herein which is particularly well suited for use in applying a coating to substantially all the exposed surfaces of a workpiece without incurring any potentially damaging or wearing of the surfaces thereof. The coating apparatus is designed to allow individual workpieces to free fall into a reservoir containing a supply of the coating solution and includes a catch basket, actuation of which is carefully timed so as to enable the time during which the workpiece is immersed in the coating solution to be minimized. Additionally, apparatus is also provided whereby the coating solution is continuously recirculated and the concentration level thereof carefully monitored. This monitoring system operates to actuate metering valves whereby the solution components may be automatically replenished thus enabling the optimum concentration level to be closely maintained.

Abstract: For use in preparing cement to cement a well, a cement metering system is set forth. The preferred and illustrated embodiment incorporates flow meters measuring water delivered to a cement jet mixer for cement and water into a slurry. A downstream density meter is included. A second water line dilutes the slurry to adjust the density downwardly to the desired slurry density controlled by the control system. The control system includes a data formatting circuit connected to the various transducers which converts the data so that the density required for the slurry is obtained. As desired, the data can be totalled by integrating over a period of time and shown on the data display. Volume flow rate of the controlled density slurry and bulk volume of dry cement may be determined.

Abstract: In the case of an apparatus for ascertaining and keeping constant the concentration of alcohol in the plate dampening fluid used in an offset litho press, having a float vessel with an inlet and an overflow such that the float controls the supply of alcohol in accordance with its level relative to the fluid, a high degree of accuracy and a simple possibility of displaying and storing the concentration data is made possible by having a marker mounted on the float and having a vertical scale of zones marked thereon which may be sensed without mechanical contact by a sensing device at a fixed height. Furthermore the sensing device has a control signal output connected with a controller which is furthermore acted upon by a set point signal and has at least one output signal connection for controlling a valve regulating the supply of alcohol to said fluid.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for the measurement of the degree of charging of a liquid synthetic resin component with a gas in which the flushing of the measuring column and the detection of the hydrostatic pressure are effected solely by control of the intake valve to the measuring chamber, a discharge valve at the bottom of an overflow chamber connected to the measuring chamber, and a three position valve connected to the top of the overflow chamber. In one position of this latter valve, a pressurized gas is applied to the overflow chamber to drive overflow liquid component back to the tank: in another position of this valve the column can be equilibrated with atmospheric pressure: in a third position this valve is closed.

Abstract: Method of adjusting a concentration of oil in a water-containing oil material which comprises determining a change in buoyancy exerted on a plummet suspended in the oil material and controlling the amount of water being supplied to the oil material according to the change in buoyancy, and apparatus therefor.

Abstract: A method of preparing mixtures of dilute acid of varying final specific gravities utilizes microprocessor controlled mixing in two in-line stages. Process recycled or production reject acid or water is initially mixed with concentrated acid and directed to an intermediate heat exchanger for removing the exothermic heat generated during mixing. The specific gravity of the mixture exiting from the heat exchanger is continuously measured and fed to a microprocessor which calculates the deviation between the measured specific gravity and a preselected set point specific gravity which is greater than the desired final specific gravity. The calculated deviation is used to generate a control signal which, in turn, is applied to adjust the flow of concentrated acid until the measured specific gravity corresponds to the set point specific gravity.

Abstract: A control system (10) is provided for maintaining a constant fluid level in a mixing container of a delivery and metering device. Structure (12) is provided for monitoring the fluid level in the mixing container and for generating a level signal (14) representing the fluid level present in the mixing container. Structure (18) is further provided for establishing a desired amount of fluid entering the mixing container and for generating a first control signal (20). Structure (22) is provided for establishing a desired amount of fluid discharged from the mixing container and for generating a second control signal (24). Measuring devices (30, 34) are utilized for measuring the amount of fluid discharged from the mixing container and for generating a discharge signal (36) representing the amount of fluid discharged from the mixing container.

Abstract: A system and method for continuously maintaining the specific gravity and viscosity of the slurry applied to a television picture tube includes a container for dispensing slurry to the faceplate of such a tube and for receiving excess slurry from the faceplate. The level of slurry in the container is held constant by the addition of materials to the container. The first added material has a specific gravity greater than that of the material dispensed to the faceplate. The second material has a viscosity which is greater than that of the material dispensed to the faceplate. The quantity of the third material is determined by the specific gravity and viscosity corrections required to bring the parameters of the slurry in the first container to the preselected values. By adding the three materials to the dispenser in accordance with error signals representative of the three parameters, the specific gravity, viscosity and level are continuously held within specified limits.

Abstract: An ink liquid supply system for an ink jet system printer includes a sub tank for introducing a new ink liquid from an ink liquid cartridge and an old ink liquid from a beam gutter included in the ink jet system printer. A float element is disposed in the sub tank, the float element having a specific gravity of, for example, 1.062 which is slightly greater than the specific gravity of a preferred ink liquid suited for the ink jet system printer. In the normal operation mode, the float element is positioned at the bottom of the sub tank. When the ink liquid viscosity increases, the float element moves upward. A detection unit is associated with the float element to develop a control signal when the float element moves upward. In response to the control signal, a dilution is added to the ink liquid contained in the sub tank in order to reduce the viscosity of the ink liquid.

Abstract: A flux control device for maintaining the specific gravity and the surface level of a liquid flux contained in a fluxing vessel within predetermined ranges, includes a first reservoir for storing a concentrated flux, a second reservoir for storing a diluent, detectors for checking the liquid level and the specific gravity of the liquid flux in the fluxing vessel for any deviation from predetermined ranges, and first and second conduits extending between the vessel and the first reservoir and between the vessel and the second reservoir, respectively. Means are provided to apply a gas pressure selectively to the first and second reservoirs so that the concentrated flux and the diluent may be fed to the fluxing vessel through the first and second conduits, respectively, upon pressurization of the first and second reservoirs.

Abstract: A system for controlling the viscosity of flexographic and gravure printing ink. The system includes a variable weight hydrometer which monitors the density of circulating printing ink. The hydrometer is in cooperative relationship with a supply of solvent. When the density goes above a predetermined level solvent is fed to the ink until the predetermined level is reached.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for producing a slurry. The apparatus includes a slurry reservoir, a closed circuit and a pump for circulating slurry from the reservoir through the closed circuit and back to the reservoir. Means are provided for introducing both particulate and liquid materials into the closed circuit for forming the slurry. A first control circuit provides a particulate flow rate signal indicating the rate of flow of particulate material into the closed circuit. A flow meter provides a liquid flow rate signal indicative of the actual flow rate of liquid material into the closed circuit. A density measuring and control circuit measures the density of slurry flowing within the closed circuit and provides a density signal indicative of the difference between the measured density of slurry and a desired desity based upon data inputted to the density measuring and control circuit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically mixing a solution having a specified concentration is disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a storage tank, means for automatically introducing water into the tank, means for slowly introducing salt into the tank, and means for terminating the introduction of salt into the tank when the specific gravity of the tank reaches a specified value. Means are provided for preventing withdrawal of solution during the mixing cycle.

Abstract: Metering device for metering a fluid into a liquid to obtain a treatment liquid having variable physical parameters depending on the concentration of the fluid to be metered into the treatment liquid. The device comprises a container having an inlet for the liquid, an outlet for the treatment liquid and an inlet for the fluid to be metered. First valve means provided at the inlet for the liquid are effective to control the flow of the liquid into the container according to the level of the liquid in the container. Second valve means provided at the inlet for the fluid to be metered control the admittance of the fluid to the container.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for detecting and correcting for evaporation from recirculated unused ink drops in an ink jet printer. The specific gravity of the recirculating ink is compared with that of a standard by measuring the time of fall of heavy floats through reservoirs of circulated and uncirculated fluid. A significant difference in fall times is compensated by the replenishment of fluid in the recirculating ink supply.

Abstract: A reserve supply of diazotype developing liquid from which liquid is supplied to semi-dry diazotype developing apparatus is maintained at both a substantially constant level and the required concentration of azo coupling component by introducing solvent for the liquid to restore the liquid level upon a decrease of the supply volume, sensing the specific gravity of the supply liquid by a hydrometer, and counteracting the decrease of concentration resulting from solvent addition by introducing a liquid concentrate containing the azo coupling component and electrolyte in response to a lowering of the hydrometer.

Abstract: A method of controlling the capacity of a gas blower for pumping gas at a given discharge pressure involving cooling the gas at the suction side of the blower. The method is especially useful for controlling the pressure in a liquefied gas storage tank so as to maintain it substantially constant. The boil-off gas in the tank is exhausted by a gas blower and liquefied gas is injected into the boil-off gas exhausted from the tank at a point on the suction side of the blower for cooling the boil-off gas exhausted from the tank prior to its being pumped by the blower. The amount of liquefied gas injected into the boil-off gas is proportional to the pressure of the boil-off gas in the storage tank.

Abstract: A system for accurately controlling the density of liquids in a processing system employing a chamber having a finned hydrometer with control activation mechanism floating in a reservoir of continuous sample solution, and having a plurality of chambers so constructed so as to create a liquid stream feeding the zone containing the hydrometer and imparting rotational motion thereto. The height of the hydrometer is sensed as measuring the density of the liquid sample. Appropriate corrections are made to the processing system.