Abstract: The shroud is formed from sheet material and is cylindrical in shape. A plurality of spacers are associated with the sheet material. These spacers are designed to engage the outer surface of a duct to hold the cylindrical sheet material in radially outwardly spaced relationship to the duct, defining thereby an insulating air gap between the outer surface of the duct and the shroud. The angular space between the spacers serves as gas channels to permit gas to flow between the shroud and the outer surface of the duct, along the length of the duct. The shroud has a straight axially extending slot along its entire length for easy removal from a duct. An axially extending edge receiving pocket is formed on the shroud adjacent the slot for receiving the adjacent longitudinally extending edge of the slot to hold the shroud in a cylindrical shape and to provide a gas-tight closure for the slot.

Abstract: Structures, such as pressure vessels or pipes, for the storage and transportation of fluids under pressure are wrapped with a composite material including a high-strength unidirectional filament material in a matrix of a flexibilized isophthalic polyester resin which has an elongation at least equal to the elongation of the material of the structure. The index of refraction of the resin is matched to the index of refraction of the filament material so that the pressure vessel is visible through the wrapping. The resin discolors when exposed to a heat above which the material of the structure weakens, thus acting as an indicator that the structure is unsuitable for use.

Abstract: A flexible, multilayer high-pressure hose with a diameter over 50 mm. It is suitable for conveying gases and gas-containing fluids. The hose contains a structure to vent gases and it is stable to the environment and to the material being conveyed therethrough.

Abstract: A storage system with 100% secondary containment includes a rigid outer vessel, a flexible cell inner vessel and a spacer layer therebetween. The region between the outer and inner vessels is monitored for leakage through either the rigid outer vessel or the flexible inner vessel. A number of expandable positioning rings keep the inner vessel substantially inflated regardless of the amount of fluid within the inner vessel. Outlet openings are formed in the outer and inner vessels to permit the passage of fluid into and out of the inner vessel. To retrofit a rigid vessel in use, the vessel is emptied, a manhole opening is cut, the vessel is inspected and conditioned as necessary, and the inside surface is covered with a coating layer. A spacer layer is mounted to the coating layer to cover the inside surface of the outer vessel. Fluid detectors and a suction tube are mounted within channels formed in the spacer layer. The flexible inner vessel is placed into position within the rigid vessel and is inflated.

Abstract: A process and composition for applying and bonding an amine curable polymer or prepolymer at ambient temperatures to the surface of a cured elastomer substrate. The elastomer article or substrate is treated with an organic oxidant such as an N-halohydantoin, N-haloamide, or an N-haloimide, for example, the various isomers of mono- , di- , and trichloroisocyanuric acid. A polyisocyanate is applied thereto. A composition of the amine curable polymer or prepolymer is prepared with an amine curing agent. To the curing agent and curable polymer or prepolymer composition is added a polar solvent which is mixed with the resulting blend or mixture and added to the treated elastomer surface; said polymer or prepolymer cures at ambient temperature and becomes bonded to said elastomer. The application is relatively easy, since the entire mixture is a liquid and can be applied in situ.

Abstract: A flexible hose comprising a main fluid retaining carcass and a secondary carcass enclosing at least part of the main carcass, said secondary carcass being constructed to expand radially relative to said main carcass on leakage of fluid from said main carcass. Said hose includes means to control the radial expansion of said secondary carcass in a predetermined manner; said means may comprise localized bonding of said main and secondary carcasses and/or localized circumferential reinforcement of the secondary carcass.

Abstract: The repair of a reinforced elastomer article having a hollow therein relates to utilizing an amine curable polymer or prepolymer and a cured elastomer patch. The hollow in the elastomer as well as the areas juxtaposition to the patch is coated with a treating agent. The amine curable polymer or prepolymer is then applied to the hollow as well as to the area between the patch and the elastomer and cured at ambient temperature. One area of use is in the repair of tires.

Abstract: The repair of a reinforced elastomer article having a deformity such as a cut, cavity, or an aperture therein relates to utilizing an amine curable polymer or prepolymer and a cured elastomer patch. The deformity in the elastomer as well as the areas juxtaposition to the patch are coated with a treating agent. The amine curable polymer or prepolymer applied to the patch area has no rubber filler therein and is cured at ambient temperature. The amine curable polymer or prepolymer applied to the cut, cavity or to the aperture does have a rubber filler therein and is also cured at ambient temperature. One area of use is in the repair of tires.

Abstract: A flexible hose comprising a main fluid retaining carcass and a secondary fluid retaining carcass enclosing at least part of said main carcass, said hose including means to collect and detect fluid leaking from said main carcass. Said means comprises a circumferential opening formed in a nipple portion of an end fitting to which corresponding one ends of said main and secondary carcasses are connected and an axially extending passage leading from said opening to a leak detector.

Abstract: An arrangement for detecting an underground continuous length item includes an electrically conductive wire constituted by covering a flexible metallic core wire with an outer coating layer made of a flexible and electrically conductive high polymeric organic material. The electrically conductive wire is positioned under the ground along the underground continuous length item and is supplied with a high frequency current. Electromagnetic waves are emitted from the wire therefrom for detecting the location of the underground continuous length item located underground. Since electric current is propagated through the ground via the coating layer of the wire upon supply of high frequency power to the wire, whereby it becomes possible to detect from the ground surface the location of the continuous length item located underground in the case where the wire is cut.

Abstract: A fluid transport hose having two or more plies comprising a sensing element located between the plies, the sensing element being responsive to the electromagnetic properties of fluid between the plies as a result of a rupture of the inner ply. Alternatively, the sensing element may be adapted to respond to the failure of an inner ply of the hose by presenting an open circuit.

Abstract: A separator is positioned to prevent pulsating fluid from mixing with working fluid or from contaminating dampening devices when dampening pulsations or eliminating cavitation. The separator includes a cylinder connected at one end to the source of pulsating fluid and the other to pressurized working fluid, such as is used in a pulsation dampeners or cavitation eliminators, with a sliding elastomeric piston positioned in the cylinder therebetween. A diaphragm is formed at the center of the piston. The diaphragm is protected by perforated cages on either side thereof and acts to transfer high frequency vibrations directly across the piston. The piston is free to slide upwardly and downwardly within the cylinder to transfer lower frequency pulsations. A lubrication grease fitting is provided adjacent one end of the cylinder for lubricating the piston when it is positively located against one of two opposite interior stops within the cylinder.

Abstract: A device that protects the inner surface of pipes from rust is disclosed. This device is especially useful for pipes provided with threading and a thread guard at their threaded ends to form an airtight seal. The device comprises a holder that can be inserted in the pipes on which a number of receptacles are attached at intervals. The receptacles are filled with a drying agent or dessicant and are made of a moisture permeable material. A moisture indicator may be placed in the base of the thread guard.

Abstract: A process and composition for applying and bonding an amine curable polymer or prepolymer at ambient temperatures to the surface of a cured elastomer substrate. The elastomer article or substrate is treated with an organic oxidant such as an N-halohydantoin, N-haloamide, or an N-haloimide, for example, the various isomers of mono-, di-, and tri-chloroisocyanuric acid. A polyisocyanate is applied thereto. A composition of the amine curable polymer or prepolymer is prepared with an amine curing agent. To the curing agent and curable polymer or prepolymer composition is added a polar solvent which is mixed with the resulting blend or mixture and added to the treated elastomer surface; said polymer or prepolymer cures at ambient temperature and becomes bonded to said elastomer. The application is relatively easy, since the entire mixture is a liquid and can be applied in situ.

Abstract: An indexed pipe made of Polyvinyl Chloride, Cast or Ductile Iron, Clay, or Asbestos Cement that is buried in the ground or totally enclosed and requires access. The indexed pipe is marked in any accepted system of measurement, such as feet or meters, which would reveal pipe end locations during an excavation.

Abstract: A process for forming a double wall heat exchanger. A first ductile tube is placed inside of a second ductile tube. The first tube tightly fitting inside of the second tube. The first tube is the inner tube and the second tube is the outer tube. The combination of the outer tube and the inner tube is finned in a finning apparatus. A helical fin is pressure formed on the outer surface of the outer tube and simultaneously a small helical groove is formed on the inside surface of the outer tube which follows the path of the helical path of the helical fin. The internal pressure being applied to the inner tube causes the inner tube to expand and conform to the inside surface and diameter of the outer tube, with a continuous helical protrusion forming which mates with the internal helical groove of the outer tube, but not entirely filling the internal groove. A helical passageway between the inner and outer tubes is thereby formed. Preferably the inner and outer tubes are made of copper.

Abstract: A process and composition for applying and bonding an indicia which is curable at ambient temperatures to a cured elastomer substrate. The substrate is treated generally at ambient temperatures with organic oxidants selected from the group consisting of N-halosulfonamides, N-halohydantoins, N-haloamides, N-haloimides, and the various isomers of mono-, di-, and trichloroisocyanuric acid. The indicia which is generally a urethane polymer or prepolymer is blended with an amine curing agent. A polar solvent is added to the amine curing agent and the amine curable polymer or prepolymer composition and mixed with the resulting blend or mixture applied to the treated elastomer surface in the form of an indicia so that said polymer or prepolymer cures at ambient temperature and is bonded to said elastomer. The invention is particularly suitable for applying indicia to various elastomer articles such as tires, conveyor belts, hoses, floor mats, sporting goods, and the like.

Abstract: A process and composition for applying and bonding a curable polymer or prepolymer, for example, an amine curable polymer or prepolymer, at ambient temperatures to the surface of a cured elastomer substrate. The elastomer article or substrate is treated with an organic oxidant such as one selected, for example, from the group consisting of N-halosulfonamides, N-halohydantoins, N-haloamides, N-haloimides, and the various isomers of mono-, di-, and trichloroisocyanuric acid. A composition of a curable polymer or prepolymer is prepared with a curing agent. To the curing agent and curable polymer or prepolymer composition is added a polar solvent which is mixed with the resulting blend or mixture and added to the treated elastomer surface; said polymer or prepolymer cures at ambient temperature and becomes bonded to said elastomer. The application is relatively easy, since the entire mixture is a liquid and can be applied in situ.

Abstract: A hydraulic safety hose apparatus is disclosed, which includes a pressurized fluid source for producing hydraulic fluid pressure in the apparatus, a hydraulic safety hose, and a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic safety hose is composed of inner and outer hoses with an annular passage between them to receive pressurized fluid in the event of rupture of the primary inner hose. A series of bleed holes in the outer hose allows the escaping fluid to harmlessly dissipate under low pressure without endangering the operator and other persons in the vicinity of the hydraulic system.

Abstract: A double-walled finned heat transfer tube is provided for use in heat exchangers. The heat transfer tube includes an inner tube inserted within an externally finned outer tube. The assembly is subjected to a crimping operation which produces radial convexities along the length of the outer tube which serve to lock the inner tube and outer tube together in intimate heat conducting relationship and which produces radial concavities between the inner and outer tubes which serve as leakage channels. The crimping operation also produces grooves in the external finned surface which improves heat transfer between the assembly and an external medium.

Abstract: A blowout preventor test system utilizes a pipe nipple being threaded, for example, at both ends, and having a central bore through which fluid can be conveyed. At the central portion of the bore is a reduced orifice which constricts flow through the bore. Trapped through the walls of the nipple, on either side of the orifice, are instrumentation taps for attaching a differential pressure recording device having dual pins and a recorder chart. To ensure during testing of the BOP stack that each and every ram on a BOP or blowout preventor stack is properly tested, the orifice within the test nipple provides a restriction in flow which will be apparent from an inspection of the recorder chart. Different readings of pressure drop are produced by the test pin if in fact on each ram, the BOP stack is pressurized and exhausted. Thus, there is provided a means for the inspector to know whether or not each and every ram is inspected.

Abstract: Heat-recoverable articles carrying a "thermochromic" composition comprising organic materials which melt and decompose to provide a color-change indicating that the articles have been heated to a certain temperature, e.g. to melt a sealant carried on the surface of the article which is to contact a substrate around which the article is to be shrunk. Mixtures of relatively simple compounds may be used to graduate the color change, and means are described for preventing reversion to the original color on long-term exposure to moisture.

Abstract: A crack indicator based on a piping system consisting of cold-embrittling plastics pipes imbedded in a gas container insulation. A warning gas is subjected to an excess pressure in the piping system. In the event of a crack or other damage to the insulating material, a leak is produced in the piping system at this point so that warning gas flows out into the tank interior. In this case, an indicator responding to the issuing warning gas produces an alarm signal. The alarm emitter can consist, for example, of an analysis instrument for the specific gas. However, an indicator based on a pressure measuring system which is connected upstream of the piping system and produces an alarm signal when a predetermined pressure difference is exceeded is simpler.

Abstract: A process and composition for applying and bonding a curable polymer or prepolymer, for example, an amine curable polymer or prepolymer, at ambient temperatures to the surface of a cured elastomer substrate. The elastomer article or substrate is treated with an organic oxidant such as one selected, for example, from the group consisting of N-halosulfonamides, N-halohydantoins, N-haloamides, N-haloimides, and the various isomers of mono-, di-, and trichloroisocyanuric acid. A composition of a curable polymer or prepolymer is prepared with a curing agent. To the curing agent and curable polymer or prepolymer composition is added a polar solvent which is mixed with the resulting blend or mixture and added to the treated elastomer surface; said polymer or prepolymer cures at ambient temperature and becomes bonded to said elastomer. The application is relatively easy, since the entire mixture is a liquid and can be applied in situ.

Abstract: A process and composition for applying and bonding an indicia which is curable at ambient temperatures to a cured elastomer substrate. The substrate is treated generally at ambient temperatures with organic oxidants selected from the group consisting of N-halosulfonamides, N-halohydantoins, N-haloamides, N-haloimides, and the various isomers of mono-, di-, and trichloroisocyanuric acid. The indicia which is generally a urethane polymer or prepolymer is blended with an amine curing agent. A polar solvent is added to the amine curing agent and the amine curable polymer or prepolymer composition and mixed with the resulting blend or mixture applied to the treated elastomer surface in the form of an indicia so that said polymer or prepolymer cures at ambient temperature and is bonded to said elastomer. The invention is particularly suitable for applying indicia to various elastomer articles such as tires, conveyor belts, hoses, floor mats, sporting goods, and the like.

Abstract: A pipe nesting and denesting apparatus is efficiency in transportation of many pipes different in diameters, and said apparatus can operate in a short time nesting work without injuring pipes. Inside the rails of said apparatus, a receiving stand for receiving pipe which is movable up and down is provided, said pipe is moved by a supporting rod on a carriage, and pipes different in diameters are inserted or pulled up on an adjustable nesting stand.

Abstract: A synthetic resin, fiberglass reinforced tubular member having an integrally attached metallic element is disclosed, along with a pressure gelation method of fabricating the same. The tubular member is used in making electrical hot line tools, and to this end the metallic element is composited to the tube body without use of metallic fasteners or the like. In practice, a preimpregnated fiberglass material is wrapped about a mandrel to present a predetermined number of layers thereof, whereupon the metallic attachment is temporarily affixed to the fiberglass layer, preferably by placing strips of the wrapped material against the edges of the attachment and in bridging relationship to the wrapping. The fiberglass material is then cured to embed the attachment in the sidewall and yield a fused, void-free monolithic structure.

Abstract: A longitudinally extending, circumferentially limited member is disposed upon the exterior surface of a tubular object such as hose, which member has a surface appearance contrasting to that of the exterior surface of the tubular object. Indicia is engraved within the surface of the longitudinally extending, circumferentially limited member and is rendered prominently visible by the difference in contrast between the two surface appearances.

Abstract: Ducting for installing below a surface, which ducting comprises a body portion and a lid, the body portion having a first longitudinal channel, a pair of second longitudinal channels arranged one on each side of the first channel, and at least two separate channel insert members which are a removable fit in the first channel and which are for receiving elongate members, the lid having retainer means for clipping in the second channels, each channel insert member having base and side walls, and the channel insert members occupying substantially the entire cross-sectional area of the first channel.

Abstract: A flexible pipe section for the transportation of a mixture of water and solid material, such as pieces of stone, rock, metal and the like objects having sharp points and/or edges and/or projections offering a high resistance to wear and damage in that the wall of the pipe section lying between couplings at the ends of said pipe section, in order to lengthen its life, comprises a row of abrasion-resisting annular members spaced from each other and extending substantially in between the inner and outer surfaces of the wall of the pipe section and inclined at a sharp angle with the longitudinal axis of said pipe section, a tubular cover of elastic material on the pipe section including said wall, said cover having at least one insert serving to prevent as much as possible tension occurring in the layers of rubber or elastic material connecting said members.

Abstract: A flexible reinforced cured resin hose is shown having a combination of helically wound cable wires and body wires embedded therein in layers in the wall forming the hose. Two plies of cable wires are wrapped in opposite directions around the periphery of a liner tube supported on a mandrel, the plies being supported in a resin filler layer applied over the liner to hold the wires spaced apart to prevent the wires from rubbing as the hose is flexed. The body wires are more widely spaced apart and are spaced from and wrapped over the layers of cable wires to be embedded in the resin filler layer. A breaker layer may be wrapped over the assembly, an outer layer of wear resistant neoprene is applied and then a nylon cure tape is applied over the entire assembly prior to curing. A nylon rope is also spiraled down the outside of the assembly to be positioned exactly midway between the spaced apart body wires and then the resin is cured under heat and pressure.

Abstract: Extruded plastic trunking to cover, conceal, and protect cables or conduits on the surfaces of building walls, comprising a base strip with a channel groove to accommodate the conduit or cable and an overlying resilient curved cover strip arranged to make a snap fit with the base, having sloping flanks which extend close to the wall. The cover strip may be transparent and provided with a lining strip of the same pattern and color as the wall surface.

Abstract: A hydraulic pressure responsive accessory, such as a cavitation eliminator, for a hydraulic system and a replacement bladder assembly for the accessory. The accessory comprises a cartridge having an inlet for connection to a hydraulic system, and contains a gas filled flexible bladder which compresses and expands in response to pressure fluctuations in the system. This bladder is removably secured within the cartridge in a unique way which permits easy removal of a bladder in the field when worn and replacement of the bladder by that of the present replacement bladder assembly. Shield means are provided between the bladder and a grid overlying casing inlet openings to protect the bladder from impact damage, and means connected with the shield provide indication of excess bladder pressure or automatic release of excess pressure.

Abstract: A gas charged accumulator includes a gas chamber and a hydraulic reservoir on opposite sides of a movable member. A fill passage for pressurizing the gas chamber includes a movable operating device for operating an indicator when the accumulator is substantially discharged. Gas flows directly past the indicator operating device when the gas chamber is pressurized through the fill passage. A normally closed switch assembly is mounted in the fill opening outwardly of the indicator operating device subsequent to pressurization of the gas chamber. The indicator operating device holds the switch assembly in an open position when the accumulator is charged and provides closing of the switch when the accumulator is substantially discharged.

Abstract: A flexible hose line which may be used for loading and unloading oil tankers having a secondary fluid retaining reinforcement carcass to retain leakage and to indicate by radial expansion failure of the main carcass. The secondary carcass may be of high elongation material or may have an angle of lay of the reinforcement to give radial expansion on pressurization.

Abstract: The immersed hoses of a floating plant for charging and discharging mineral oil products comprise means for the immediate indication of impacts, partial damages and rupture of the hoses themselves. Said means consist of a hollow space provided in the wall of the hoses, filled with a fluid under pressure and connected to means for monitoring its variations.Impacts, partial damages and ruptures, originating a variation in the pressure of the fluid inside the hollow space, can be detected immediately.

Abstract: A transmission system for handling materials moving underground comprising a plastic pipe having metallic material of relatively high electrical or electronic conductivity and sensitivity secured to the pipe body. When the pipe is installed in the ground, the metallic material will be automatically buried in association with the pipe body. Detecting means suitable for sensing the presence of the conductive material can then be employed for locating the pipe whereby digging operations or other activities can be engaged in without the danger of damaging the pipe.