Abstract: A number of rods are disposed along at least three differently oriented axes, the rods being formed by bonding together bundles of fibers with a matrix. Each rod in one group is passed between rods of the other differently oriented groups. The cross-sectional shape of a rod extending in at least one direction is matched to the shape of a clearance which is left between rods extending in other directions to admit the rod inserted therethrough. Put otherwise, a rod extending in at least one direction has a projection to fill such a clearance. Great enough strength to withstand external forces exerted from any direction is imparted to the three-dimensional fabric composite materials either by increasing the area of contact between individual rods or by minimizing the clearances between rods by means of a matrix of the like.

Abstract: A triaxial textile fabric for use as a reinforcing textile fabric for a composite material wherein the modulus of elasticity is made isotropic and which can be readily deformed into a three-dimensional configuration without causing special changes in orientation angles and a process by which such a textile fabric can be easily produced. The fabric comprises a large number of oblique yarns extending in a radial direction from the center of the textile fabric, and a circumferential yarn woven spirally in a circumferential direction between the oblique yarns. Each adjacent ones of the oblique yarns are interlaced with each other and the circumferential yarn is woven between the thus interlaced oblique yarns such that such interlacing may appear between each adjacent coils of the spirally woven circumferential yarn. Such an interlacing step takes place after insertion of the circumferential yarn and before an upward and downward movement of the alternate oblique yarns.

Abstract: A woven fabric structure impregnated with a hardened resin has first and second warp fabric sections, the second section comprising a plurality of pleats integrally joined to the first section by warp threads of the second section and interwoven with the weft threads of the first section. The fabric is of an industrial yarn such as aramide fiber, carbon fiber, ceramic fiber, glass fiber or a blend of such fibers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a woven fabric having a plurality of fabric layers which are integrated through combined portions formed by interlacing warps or wefts of one of adjacent layers of some of warps or wefts of said one layer and warps or wefts of the other layer or some of warps or wefts of said other layer with common wefts or warps, wherein a set of adjacent four layers comprises recurring structural units comprising (A) a part having one combined portion formed by intermediate two layers, (B) a first non-combined part having no combined portion, (C) a part having two combined portions formed by subsequent two layers, respectively, and (B) a second non-combined part having no combined portion. A honeycomb structure having cells of a shape of tetragons, hexagons or a combination thereof is formed among the entire layers when the multi-layer fabric is expanded. 40-100 wt. % of the fibers constituting the fabric are organic fibers which are infusible or have a melting point of at least 300.degree. C.

Abstract: A multi-layer angle interlock fabric is woven from warp yarns that extend in straight fashion in a common direction along the length of the fabric and fill yarns which repeatedly extend through the thickness of the fabric along angled paths between opposite broad surfaces of the fabric and interweave within the relatively straight warp yarns. The fabric can be woven using a conventional fly shuttle loom with a programmable Jacquard machine which controls the loom's harness lines to selectively raise and lower the fill yarns extending through a weaving area of the loom as the loom shuttle reciprocates through the weaving area to repeatedly extend a fill yarn across the width of the fabric being formed. Stuffer yarns can be provided by periodically extending the fill yarn across the fabric width betweem adjacent sheets of the warp yarns during weaving.

Abstract: A contoured continuous length fabric having warp yarns extending latitudinally thereof which are positioned closer together as they approach the outer contoured surface of the fabric and weft yarns extending longitudinally and being substantially equally spaced along the length thereof relative to each other.

Abstract: A multiply fabric which can be used for reinforcement purposes and which has a length dimension, a width dimension and a thickness dimension, includes weft threads extending widthwise of the fabric and warp threads extending lengthwise of the fabric, the warp threads being woven with the weft threads so as to provide, in cross section perpendicular to the width dimension, a central web between opposite end portions, each of the opposite end portions having a central gap that divides each end portion into separated left and right flanges that can be bent apart.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a structure resistant to the transmission of forces of impact which is useful in the fabrication of articles subjected to impact forces by the user of the articles. The structure includes a double plush-like open mesh structure having first and second layers of interlaced stretch-resistant flexible strand material positioned adjacent each other, and defining an intermediate space therebetween. A plurality of elongated partitions are disposed between the first and second layers and divide the intermediate space into a plurality of elongated generally parallel channels. The partitions each comprise a plurality of pile stretch-resistant strand material connecting with the first and second layers in a plane generally perpendicular to the first and second layers.

Abstract: A multilayer fabric including a plurality of layers of distinct fabrics each consisting of ground warps, ground wefts, connecting warps connecting the layers of the distinct fabrics, and temporary wefts which can be broken by external action after weaving. These temporary wefts are, for example, made of weaker yarn compared with the other yarn, so when the external action is applied to the multilayer fabric, there is no chance of damaging the connecting yarn. Thus, the multilayer fabric can easily be expanded to a large thickness.Also, a fabric form made of the multilayer fabric and composite structure made of the fabric form and filling matter.

Abstract: A novel method and apparatus to produce a novel woven fabric with a pattern integral therewith. The pattern is formed in the fabric during weaving by selectively stretching the warp yarn between the fell line and the warp beam so that the stretched warp yarn creates an open area and upon release creates an area of high density fill yarn.

Abstract: A fibrous structure for reinforcing a composite material which is a bottomed hollow pillar-shaped body having fins extending outwardly from a peripheral side wall of the body. The composite material-reinforcing fibrous structure consists of a plurality of longitudinally adjoining yarn section, each section being a plurality of layers, or tiers, of a first continuous yarn. A second continuous yarn is disposed substantially perpendicularly to the layers of first continuous yarn, and a third continuous yarn passes into loops formed in the second continuous yarn adjacent an outside layer of the first continuous yarn. The second continuous yarn functions as a common longitudinal component yarn in coextensive portions of the adjoining yarn sections and as an independent longitudinal component yarn in portions of the yarn sections which do not adjoin other yarn sections.

Abstract: A three dimensional woven fabric connector includes a first generally planar section of flexible fabric composed of fibers which run lengthwise and are interwoven with fibers that run crosswise generally at right angles to the lengthwise fibers, and a second generally planar section of flexible fabric composed of lengthwise and crosswise fibers interwoven generally at right angles to one another. The second section of fabric is interwoven with the first section along an intersection of the two sections, with at least one lengthwise fiber being common to the two sections. At least some of the crosswise fibers of each section extend from that section through the intersection to the other section.

Abstract: A webbing suitable for use in a vehicle seat belt system includes wefts, each of which is composed in combination of a first weft thread having low bending stiffness and a second weft thread having high bending stiffness. Owing to the inclusion of the second weft threads, the webbing of this invention is resistant to lateral, i.e., widthwise flexure. Accordingly, there is a smaller danger for the webbing of this invention to develop jamming or turning-over when caused to extend through its associated through-anchor.

Abstract: This invention relates to a woven textile product, such as a mat, and a method for manufacturing said product. The product is in the center provided with a layer which is formed by supporting warp threads and on both sides of which are provided weft threads which are bound to each other by means of binding warp threads crossing the layer of supporting warp threads. The product can in a simple manner be provided with fringes by dividing the binding or supporting warp threads in the edge area of the product into two groups, by means of which two adjoining edge strips are formed between which the warp threads not used in the edge strips project as fringes.

Abstract: Three-dimensional thick fabrics are made from a laminate of fabric plies by first inserting pointed rods through the laminate to form rows of holes after which needles are reciprocated through the different holes to pull loops of various yarns through the holes. The loops of yarns in adjacent holes are interlocked to hold the plies together. A guide releasably clamped to each yarn controls tension in the yarn while a doffing point is employed to insure that the needle passes through a loop just formed when penetrating the next hole to insure interlock of the loops. Hollow circular objects are formed by winding a length of fabric a selected number of times around a form, following which the pointed rods are used to form holes in the resulting laminate with the needles and yarns being used to form the interlocking loops through the thickness of the laminate.

Abstract: A revetment panel for installation along embankments and other earthen structures, including structures partially or fully covered by water, which utilizes a fabric web having a plurality of compartments separated by selvage. The web is formed of two fabric layers, which are woven separately on the same loom to form the compartments, and interwoven to form the selvage. The fabric layers are separately woven to form slots in the selvage which allow cables to pass through the web, and which allow filler material to flow between compartments during filling. The web is transported to its installation site, and placed. The compartments in the web are then inflated with the filler material, which may be cementitious slurry or mortar consisting in part of sand and gravel found near the installation site, or simply a mixture of sand, gravel, and water. The resulting matrix of forms interconnected by fabric and cable provides a durable, economical and flexible erosion control layer.

Abstract: Rocket exit cones, and similar components are produced by weaving graphite fibers into fabric and wrapping a continuous length of the woven fabric over a rotating wind up form having a non-linear shape as the fabric leaves the loom. A compensator system is provided to accommodate for the varying distances the fabric must travel from the loom to the non-linear wind up form. During wrapping, the wind up form may be traversed for a short distance across the weaving loom to produce a differential wall thickness between the cylinder portion and the conical portion of the cone. In addition, the traverse motion enables the proper curvature to be imparted to the interface between the cylinder and conical portions of the exit cone.The built fabric has a controlled shape, which is adapted for resin-impregnation and curing. The cured structure has sufficient integrity that permits machining of the conical portion to a uniform thickness or to a tapered thin wall.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laminate reinforcement for fibre-reinforced sunthetic resins and has for its object to provide a laminate reinforcement of highly resistant and high elasticity modulus fibres for extremely heavy-duty, yet light-weight and indent-resistent floating bodies and provides to that purpose such a reinforcement in which the laminate reinforcement is obtained by means of at least two parallel tissue tapes forming by their tissue seams a paunch gap, which is covered with a similar, but narrower covering tape, doubling of the reinforcing fibres in the area of the paunch gap in parallel relationship producing a Stringer effect, in which the warp and weft yarns of the tissue tape are made from reinforcing fibres having a higher elasticity modulus and a higher specific tensile strength than glass fibres, said fibres consisting of carbon, aramid, boron fibres or the like, the warp yarns of carbon and aramid being in intimate contact with one another and the weft yarns of aramid or carbon being spa

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for forming cast-in-place structures includes the use of a sheet of fabric having a plurality of pockets for receiving support rods. The pockets are formed between an inner side surface of the sheet of fabric and a plurality of strands of material. The support rods are used to hold the fabric in place while a slurry of a cementitious material is poured into a cavity between the sheet of fabric and a base. The cementitious slurry flows between the strands of material into the support rod receiving pockets. The resulting concrete structure extends around the support rods to prevent them from being exposed to the environment. The strands of material are advantageously connected with the sheet of fabric by interweaving them with the threads of the fabric.

Abstract: A tire cord fabric suitable for reinforcement of rubber articles is disclosed. The tire cord fabric is manufactured by lengthwisely arranging a great number of cords as warp cords over a given width and then relatively coarsely interlacing them with weft yarns. In each selvage portion of the fabric is formed a joint part consisting of a special cord arrangement.

Abstract: A slide fastener stringer is disclosed which has a fastener element in the form of a helical coil having a row of successive loops woven into a longitudinal edge of a stringer tape simultaneously as the tape is woven. The fastener element is held stably in position by a stuffing cord which is anchored therein by weave threads. A guide cord is arranged such that it may be deformed under tension applied by a binding thread to provide slider guide surfaces.

Abstract: A belting with a single-layer central portion and two tubular edge portions is made on a needle ribbon weaving machine with one of the tubular edge portions woven as a single layer and then closed to form the tubular edge portion by exerting a pull on the weft thread; a knitting course maintains the tubular edge portion closed along its joint by means of a tuck thread and/or an interlocking thread which is buried in the fabric by feeding a greater length of tuck thread in the knitting course than usual or by laying in the interlocking thread into the head of the knitting needle from vertically above the knitting needle.

Abstract: A fabric and containers constructed therefrom, formed of interwoven warp and weft yarns, characterized by a plurality of continuous reinforcing means woven into the fabric at spaced intervals among and parallel to the warp or weft yarns, or both, each reinforcing means comprising a plurality of periodically spaced unwoven sections lying on one or both sides of and in juxtaposition with the fabric.

Abstract: The layers for the packing are each woven of thin multi-filament yarns and thicker plastic monofilament yarns with the thicker plastic yarns being heat treated into a deformed state to impart a corrugated shape to each layer. The monofilament yarns impart rigidity to the layers while the multi-filament yarns provide wetting characteristics. The layers may also be of knitted construction.

Abstract: A sunburst array of radially extending elements, such as fan foldable woven wood slates, connected along their radially extending sides, have means such as rigid panels securing the radially inner ends of the rigid elements and maintaining them in a substantially common plane, thereby providing a novelty article such as a sunburst plaque, or the like.

Abstract: A narrow woven tubular fabric having an upper layer and a lower layer resiliently separated by a plurality of monofilament warp yarns alternately and intermittently woven with said layers.

Abstract: A multi-ply woven article has stiffening elements positioned within pockets formed by double plies of the article to provide the article with substantial strength and rigidity. The double plies may comprise a generally parallel pair of rib plies which extend between the opposite faces of the article in generally zig zag fashion to form a plurality of intermediate rib portions, or a pair of generally parallel, spaced apart face plies forming each of the opposite faces of the article, or both. The various stiffening elements may comprise one or more layers of relatively stiff material. The various layers comprising each stiffening element may comprise unidirectional fibers or materials oriented relative to the woven article so as to impart maximum strength in selected directions.

Abstract: A multi-ply woven fabric article as disclosed has opposite woven face plies and a pair of woven rib plies which extend alternately between and are interwoven with the face plies. The rib plies which are interwoven with each other at the regions of interweaving with the face plies form parallel pairs of ribs extending between the opposite face plies in zig zag fashion and defining generally planar pockets therebetween. The pockets so formed are capable of readily receiving generally planar stiffening elements to provide a woven fabric article of substantial compressive strength.