Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a high carbon bearing steel, for bearing parts, excellent in rolling fatigue characteristics. A high carbon bearing steel having a long life comprising 0.70 to 1.20% of C, 0.15 to 1.70% of Si, 0.15 to 1.20% of Mn, 0.50 to 2.00% of Cr, 0.05 to 1.50% of Mo, 0.001 to 0.03% of S, 0.010 to 0.05% of Al, 0.003 to 0.015% of N, 0.0005 to 0.0300% of total Mg, up to 0.025% of P, up to 0.0040% of Ti, up to 0.0015% of total oxygen, one or at least two elements selected from V, Nb and Ni in specific amounts, and having a number ratio of Mg oxides contained therein of at least 0.8.

Abstract: In a rolling bearing including an inner race, an outer race and a plurality of rolling elements in which at least one member of the inner race, the outer race and the rolling elements is made of an alloy steel containing: 0.1 to 0.7 wt % of C; 0.8 to 2.0 wt % of V; 0.5 to 3.0 wt % of Cr; 0.3 to 1.2 wt % of Mn; 0.3 to 1.5 wt % of Si; at most 3.0 wt % of Mo; and the balance being Fe, the member being carburized or carbonitrided so that the member has a surface carbon concentration of 0.8 to 1.5 wt % and a surface concentration ratio V/C of 1 to 2.5 in order to cause VC-type carbides to be precipitated on a surface of the member, the rolling bearing exhibits improved wear resistance under a severe condition such as a high-temperature environment and simultaneously the rolling bearing has superior productivity.

Abstract: In a rolling bearing including an inner race, an outer race and a plurality of rolling elements in which at least one member of the inner race, the outer race and the rolling elements is made of a high carbon steel material and has a Rockwell hardness of H.sub.R C 60 or more, the high carbon steel material including, in a surface thereof, solid solution of carbon C and solid solution of nitrogen N which are adjusted to satisfy relationships of 0.8 wt %.ltoreq.C.ltoreq.1.2 wt % and 0.1 wt %.ltoreq.N.ltoreq.0.5 wt % with the balance Fe, and in which the retained austenite existing in the high carbon steel material is adjusted to substantially 0 wt %, the rolling beating exhibits superior dimensional stability and high endurance even when it is used under high-temperature conditions, and exhibits high productivity with low cost.

Abstract: Bearings are made having at least one surface made of an amorphous alloy having a coefficient of friction of less than 0.5 and having a tensile strength of 1.0 GPa or greater. In the case of a bearing shaft, the shaft can be smaller than a comparable steel shaft. Articles can be fabricated by heating the amorphous metal to a temperature above its plastic flow temperature and below its crystallization temperature so that it is flowable. The heated material is molded or formed into a desired shape and then the molded article is cooled to its metastable, amorphous state. A preferred configuration for the bearing shaft is in a parabola of revolution form so it acts as a thrust bearing.

Abstract: One of component parts of an inner race, an outer race and rolling elements of a rolling bearing is composed of a bearing material that is prepared by working a high-speed steel, carburizing or carbonitriding the wrought steel in a temperature range from 800.degree. C. to less than 1200.degree. C. and subsequently hardening and tempering the carburized or carbonitrided steel, the steel composing of 0.2 wt %.ltoreq.C.ltoreq.2.3 wt %, Si.ltoreq.1.0 wt %, Mn.ltoreq.1.0 wt %, 2.0 wt %.ltoreq.Cr.ltoreq.7.0 wt %, 1.5 wt %.ltoreq.W.ltoreq.22.0 wt %, Mo.ltoreq.10.0 wt %, 0.5.ltoreq.V.ltoreq.6.0 wt %, Co.ltoreq.18.0 wt %, the balance Fe and incidental impurities. By carburizing or carbonitriding the steel at low temperatures less than 1,200.degree. C.

Abstract: A device and a method for making a device for rotatably connecting fluid flow lines such that fluid is flowable between the fluid flow lines. The device has a male component which has a male portion and a female component which has a female portion. The male and female components each have flow line connecting mechanisms. The male portion fits within the female portion such that the male and female components are rotatable with respect to one another. The male portion has both hardened and unhardened regions and the female portion has a hardened region.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a steel alloy bearing having an inner race, an outer race and rolling elements comprising: at least one of said elements being made of alloy steel which constitutes from 10.0 to 18.0 wt % chromium and 0.05 to 0.30 wt % carbon, 0.10% to 2.0 wt % molybdenum, 0.15 to 1.0 wt % silicon, 0.20 to 1.5 wt % manganese, 0.8 to 1.2 wt % tungsten, 0.20 to 0.30 wt % vanadium, 0.2 to 1.0 wt % of nickel, and the remainder of said steel alloy being iron; and said at least one element having been carburized in a carbon atmosphere containing from 0.25 to about 0.40 % carbon potential.

Abstract: A rolling/sliding member for use in conditions of rolling and/or sliding contact with a mating member opposed to the rolling/sliding member under the following conditions;(a) the rolling/sliding member are formed with a large number of fine protrusions and depressions in at least the surface area which comes into contact with the mating member,(b) the total volume per unit area of the fine depressions is in the range of 5.times.10.sup.-8 to 5.times.10.sup.-7 cc/mm.sup.2, and(c) the average volume of the fine depression is 10 to 100 .mu.m.sup.3.

Abstract: A bearing blank is cast or machined of cast iron to a configuration near a final shape of a desired bearing element. A first surface of the bearing blank, corresponding to a sliding surface of the desired bearing element, is remelted while other portions of the bearing blank remain in a solid state. The remelted first surface is quenched such that fine particles of iron carbide precipitate in a remelted zone having an increased hardness and a decreased presence of graphite particles. A bearing element having a core portion composed of cast iron and an integral first surface portion including a precipitate of fine iron carbide particles, and having greater hardness and lesser incidence of graphite particles than the core portion, is also described.

Abstract: A rolling part steel with which the strength of a rolling part of a cold-worked bearing is improved compared with that of a conventional turned part by controlling the length and number of sulfide inclusions in the steel to an optimal range, when a rolling part steel is prepared so that the maximum length of sulfide inclusions in the steel is 100 .mu.m or less and that a number of sulfide inclusions whose lengths exceed 40 .mu.m is 50 or less per unit area (160 mm.sup.2) , the roughness of its bore surface is improved to have a greater strength. As a result, for example, a thus formed raceway ring has a longer life against fatigue-induced cracks than a turned raceway ring.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to provide a rolling bearing which is long enough in serve life even when it is applied with a lubricant mixed with foreign matters, simply by quenching or by carbonitriding it for a short period of time, and which can be formed at a relatively low manufacturing cost. A rolling bearing is formed as follows: The quantities of elements such as C, Si, Mn, Cr and Mo forming a bearing alloy steel, and the quantity of retained austenite are adjusted to be in predetermined ranges, and the steel is quenched and tempered or carbonitrided so that its hardness is in the following range:-2.2.times.(.gamma..sub.R vol %)+810.ltoreq.Hv.ltoreq.-2.2.times.(.gamma..sub.

Abstract: A rolling bearing is disclosed, which comprises an inner ring, an outer ring, and rolling elements each composed of an alloy steel which are, after being subjected to a carburizing treatment or a carbonitriding treatment, subjected to quench-hardening and tempering or is subjected to quench-hardening or tempering, wherein the alloy steel contains from 0.10 to 1.00% by weight C, from 0.50 to 3.00% by weight Cr, from 0.15 to 1.00% by weight Si, from 0.2 to 1.50% by weight Mn, and rest being Fe and unavoidably intermixed impurities, the average amount of the retained austenite of at least the inner ring in the inner ring and the outer ring is not more than 4% by volume and the average amount of the retained austenite of the rolling elements is from 20 to 30% by volume.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to provide a rolling bearing which is increased in rolling fatigue life when used with a lubricant contaminated by foreign matters, and which is improved in wear resistance and in seizure resistance. In a rolling bearing, at least one of the inner race, outer race and rolling elements thereof is made of an alloy steel which contains 0.10 to 1.0 wt of C, 0.50 to 3.0 wt % of Cr, 0.10 to 2.0 wt % of Mo, 0.15 to 1.0 wt % of Si, 0.20 to 1.5 wt % of Mn, and 0.2 to 1.0 wt % of Ni, and which is carbo-nitrided so that the sum (C+N) of the contents of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in the surface layer thereof is 1.0 to 2.0%, and the ratio (N/C) of the content of nitrogen (N) to the content of carbon (C) is 0.8 to 2.0.

Abstract: In order to provide a ball-and-roller bearing that has a longer life and which exhibits higher reliability than the prior art products not only under lubrication in the presence of foreign matter but also under lubrication in clean conditions, according to the present invention, a bearing material that contains 0.2 to 1.0 wt % of carbon and at least 1 wt % in total of one or more elements selected from among chromium, molybdenum and vanadium is subjected to a carbonitriding treatment and a hardening heat treatment to make an alloy steel in which the area ratio of carbonitrides present in the surface layer of said bearing material per unit area is adjusted to be at least 10%, a maximum grain size of carbonitrides present in said surface layer being no more than 3 .mu.m, the content of retained austenite (.gamma..sub.R) in said surface layer being 25 to 45 vol %, and said surface layer having a surface hardness of at least 750 Hv.

Abstract: A long-life bearing steel and a long-life rolling bearing made of the steel are disclosed. In the steel, the number of oxide or oxide-based inclusion particles in a given unit area A of 160 mm.sup.3 with an average particle size of 3 to 30 .mu.m is 80 or less and an abundance of oxide or oxide-base inclusion particles with 10 .mu.m or more average particle size to oxide or oxide-based inclusion particles having an average particle size of 3 to 30 .mu.m is below 2%. An electron beam melting extraction evaluation method irradiating electron beam under the following condition guarantees the cleanness of the steel: 350 V+100.ltoreq.J.ltoreq.700 V+200, wherein J represents electric charge power in W provided by electron beam and V represents a sample volume in cm.sup.3.

Abstract: A pin type retainer for roller bearings is stamped in one piece from flat metal stock. The flat metal is first drawn into a cup shape having a broad flange around an open first end and a closed second end. The closed end provides solid support and alignment while stamping pins from the broad flange. The pins are then final shaped by swaging or machining into cross sectional forms for a variety of applications. The second end is then opened to form a ring. The pin type retainer can be modified for use with a retaining ring or a seal against contaminants. The pin type retainer can be formed from a variety of materials, including steel. An embodiment using plastic resin is also disclosed.

Abstract: Steel for ball and roller bearings and similar applications, containing, in % by weight:______________________________________ 0.70-0.95% Carbon 0.01-0.30% Silicon 0.15-0.50% Manganese 0.5-2.5% Chromium 0.10-1.5% Molybdenum max. 0.25% Vanadium ______________________________________the rest up to 100% being iron and other residual elements normally present in steel, andwith the further proviso that the total area percentage of oxide inclusions must not exceed 0.0012%, that the area percentage of titanium-carbonitrides must not exceed 0.0015%, and that the area percentage of sulphide inclusions must not exceed 0.030%, the respective area percentages being measured according to the inclusion rating method defined in the Swedish Standard SS111116, wherein the field of vision shall be 0.8 mm and the number of fields of vision to be surveyed shall be at least 1000.

Abstract: A rolling member used as an outer race, inner race, a ball or roller of a bearing contains a metal flow in the structure formed by plastic working (fold forging). The angle of metal flow determined by a tangent line of the metal flow and the axis of rotation of the rolling member is 10.degree. or larger to improve the service line against rolling fatigue.

Abstract: In order to produce bearing steels of long life and high reliability with a higher probability by utilizing parameters for cleanness evaluation that are related to the shortest life of bearings, in the present invention, the logarithmic decrease in the cumulative size distribution of oxide-type nonmetallic inclusions and the estimated maximum diameter of inclusion particles present per unit volume or unit area are determined from the particle size distribution of the oxide-type nonmetallic inclusions, and the cleanness of interest is specified on the basis of said logarithmic decrease or said estimated maximum inclusion diameter.

Abstract: A rolling contact parts steel has C: 0.2-0.6 wt%; Si: 0.3-2.0 wt%; Cr: 0.5-2.5 wt%; Mn: 1.7 wt% or less; O: 12 ppm or less; and the balance of Fe and an inevitable impurity. The steel produces a fine carbide without the need for a separate heat treatment. The dimensioal stability at high temperature of the steel is superior. A rolling bearing has at least one of the races and the rolling element thereof made of the steel, the steel being carburized or carbonitrided, then quenched and then, finally, tempered. The one of the races and the rolling element will not soften at a high temperature.

Abstract: A rolling-part steel and a rolling part employing same are disclosed. The steel includes: C; 0.1 to 0.7 wt. %, Si; below or equal to 0.04 wt. %; Mn; below or equal to 1.0 wt. %, Cr; 0.2 to 1.0 wt. %, S; below or equal to 0.003 wt. %; P; below or equal to 0.025 wt. %, O; below or equal to 0.0015 wt. %, the reminder Fe, and a necessary impurity. The steel has a good plastic-workability such that the rolling part can be produced only by plastic working. The steel also has a good hardenability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a steel for a corrosion-resistant rolling part having excellent corrosion resistance, high quenching and tempering hardness, and excellent workability for use in linear bearings, ball screws and rolling bearings of industrial machinery which must be strictly prevented from undergoing environmental contamination due to oil and grease. The steel comprises 0.5% or more and 0.7% or less by weight of carbon, 0.1% or more and 1.5% or less by weight of silicon, 0.1% or more and 2.0% or less by weight of manganese, 3.0% or more and less than 6.0%, preferably 4.0% or more and 5.5% or less, by weight of chromium, 0.05% or less by weight of phosphorus, 0.03% or less, preferably 0.01% or less, by weight of sulfur and 0.0015% or less by weight of oxygen, and may further comprise at least one of 0.05% or more and 2.0% or less, preferably 0.05% or more and 1.0% or less, by weight of molybdenum and 0.1% or more and 0.8% or less, preferably 0.2% or more and 0.

Abstract: A bearing race member composed of steel containing 0.60 to 0.85% carbon by weight, 0.5 to 1.0% by weight in a single content or total contents of Si and Al, and 13 ppm or less oxygen, wherein said bearing race member is quenched and subsequently tempered to contain 15% or less retained austenite therein. Even though basically made of structural carbon steel, the bearing race member has a long life equal to that of high-carbon chromium bearing steel and is superior in dimensional stability and crack fatigue strength.

Abstract: Steel elements designed to withstand high stress, such as roller bearing elements, are produced by using a steel which has substantially eutectoid composition, a such a steel billet being plasticly formed, without prior soft-annealing, at a temperature just above the A1 temperature of the steel, to a shape approaching the final shape of the element, the element thus shaped being thereafter hardened directly from the forming temperature and being subsequently subjected in conventional manner to final grinding and polishing if required.

Abstract: A bearing having a valve seat for a rotary compressor which is made of austenitic cast iron with graphite crystallized in an austenite matrix in the form of an A type, C type or A/C combined type under the ISO classification, maximum length crystallized graphite being in a range of 0.45 to 1.4 mm.

Abstract: A heat resisting bearing steel having improved rolling fatigue life is disclosed. This steel consists essentially of 0.6-0.9% C, up to 0.5% Si, up to 0.5% Mn, 3.0-5.5% Cr, 3.0-5.0% Mo and 0.5-1.5% V, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and is characterized in that the content of large Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 inclusions with 10 micron or larger length is restricted to 1.5 ppm or less.The rolling fatigue life of this steel is long and fluctuation of the life is small, and therefore, the steel is highly reliable. It is suitable for the material of bearing to be used at a high peripheral speed and a high temperature such as the main rotational bearings of a heat engine such as a gas turbine.

Abstract: a high carbon chromium bearing steel having a carbon content from 0.8% to 1.2% by weight, and which is characterized by a nickel content of 1.0% to 2.0% by weight, a chromium content of 0.9% to 2.0% by weight, a silicon content of 1.0% to 2.0% by weight, and a sulfur combined and phosphorus content of 0.015% to 0.040% by weight.

Abstract: A rolling bearing, comprising an inner race, an outer race and rolling members which roll therebetween, at least one of the inner and outer races being subjected to carburizing and heating treatment, is characterized in that:the one race comprises a carbon steel containing 0.1 to 0.7 wt. % of carbon, with the residual austenite content on the track surface layer being 20 to 45 vol. % and the rolling members comprise a carbon steel containing 0.7 to 1.1 wt. % of carbon having carbonitriding and heating treatment applied on the surface layer, with the residual austenite content in such surface layer being 20 to 45 vol. % and the carbonitride in such surface being 3 to 15 vol. %.In another form of the bearing, the rolling members may comprise a carbon steel containing 0.1 to 0.7 wt. % of carbon, with the surface layers thereof being subjected to carburizing and heating treatment and having a residual austenite content of 20 to 45 vol. %.

Abstract: A rolling bearing has an inner race, an outer race and a roller, at least one of the inner race, outer race and roller being made with an alloy steel consisting of two or more of 0.2 to 1.7% by weight of Mn, 0.2 to 1.2% by weight of Si, 0.2 to 1.7% by weight of Cr, 0.1 to 0.3% by weight of Mo and 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of Ni, 0.4 to 0.7% by weight of C and the balance of Fe, and by subjecting the alloy steel to carburizing hardening to obtain(a) an additional carbon content at the surface portion of 0.35 to 0.6% by weight and(b) a dissolved carbon content at the surface portion of 0.75 to 1.1% by weight, and having:(c) a hardness at the core portion as H.sub.R C of 57 to 64 and(d) a difference in hardness between the surface portion and the core portion within .+-.5 of H.sub.R C.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a universal joint which includes an inner and outer joint member, a cage, and torque-transmitting balls supported in the cage and received in ball tracks formed in the outer face of the inner joint member and the inner face of the outer joint member, contact faces along which the balls run in the tracks and in contact with the cage are partially hardened to a relatively great depth taken relative to the wall thickness of the workpiece by means of a shaped inductor. The contact faces between the cage and both the inner and outer joint members, respectively, are also formed with a wear-resistant layer which is thin taken relative to the wall thickness of the workpiece.

Abstract: An improved method of producing a powdered metal aluminum base bearing material is provided. A bearing strip composed of three layers of sintered aluminum base particles which has been roll clad to a rigid backing layer is subjected to a heat treatment procedure in a continuous manner at a temperature of from about 700.degree. F. to about 900.degree. F. for at least thirty seconds and then cooled at a rate of at least 100.degree. F./hr. Bearings made from the resulting material show dramatic fatigue life improvement in comparison to that obtainable with currently available powdered metal aluminum bearing materials.