Abstract: A steel for oil well pipe, which has excellent resistance to localized corrosion in CO2 environments and corrosion in seawater, and a seamless pipe made of the steel. The steel includes, in weight %, more than 0.10 to 0.30% C, 0.10 to 1.0% Si, 0.1 to 3.0% Mn, 2.0 to 9.0% Cr, 0.01 to 0.10% Al and optionally 0.05 to 0.5% Cu, and the balance including Fe and incidental impurities including not more than 0.03% P and not more than 0.01% S. The steel has a substantially single phase martensitic structure in the as-quenched or as-normalized condition, and yield strength of not lower than 552 MPa in the as-quenched-tempered or as-normalized-tempered condition.

Abstract: A spring is provided having a high durability in actual use and sagging resistance of the same level as or higher than conventional ones through improvement of the corrosion fatigue resistance. The spring uses as a material a steel including C: 0.35-0.55%, Si: 1.60-3.00%, Mn: 0.20-1.50%, S: 0.010% or less, Ni: 0.40-3.00%, Cr: 0.10-1.50%, N: 0.010-0.025%, V: 0.05-0.50% and Fe balance. The steel is heat treated to have a hardness of 50.5-55.0 HCC and shot-peened at a moderate temperature to render a residual stress of −600 MPa or more at a depth of 0.2 mm below the surface. The temperature at which the spring is shot-peened is preferably 100-300° C., and the hardness of shot particles for the shot-peening is preferably 450-600 Hv.

Abstract: A martensitic stainless steel pipe comprises, on the weight basis, C: 0.005 to 0.2%, Si: 1% or below, Mn: 0.1 to 5%, Cr: 7 to 15%, and Ni: 0 to 8%, wherein a wall thickness t (mm) and contents of C and Cr satisfy the relationship represented by the following equation (1).t(mm).ltoreq.exp{5.21-18.1C(%)-0.0407Cr(%)} (1)The steel pipe can be made by employing water quenching as a quenching method.

Abstract: A laser welded steel pipe having a weld zone containing a steel pipe containing 0.01 to 0.2 weight % C, 1 weight % or less S, 0.05 to 2 weight % Mn and 6 weight % or less Mn. The weld zone has a melted and solidified metal structure containing carbon and oxygen which satisfy the following equations:(carbon weight %)(oxygen weight %).ltoreq.0.006for a steel pipe containing carbon in an amount of less than 0.2 weight %, and(oxygen weight %).gtoreq.0.02.A method for manufacturing a laser-welded steel pipe including producing an open pipe made from a hot-rolled steel strip with opposing edge portions facing each other by employing a formal roll, preheating the two edge portions, pressing the two edge portions to butt against each other by using squeeze rolls and welding the butted edge portions by irradiation with a laser beam to heat and melt the two edge portions.

Abstract: A high strength, high toughness, low carbon/low manganese steel is provided that is further resistant to stepwise cracking and sulfide stress cracking. The steel can be produced by conventional or thin slab casting techniques using normal speeds, with low manganese segregation levels. The steels are excellent candidates for linepipe applications in severe sour gas service.

Abstract: A laser-welded steel pipe includes: a steel pipe consisting essentially of C in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 wt. %, Si in an amount of 1 wt. % or less, Mn in an amount of 0.05 to 2 wt. % and Cr in an amount of 6 wt. % or less; and a weld zone having a melted and solidified metal structure containing carbon and oxygen. The carbon content, ?C wt. %!, and the oxygen content, ?O wt. %!, in the melted and solidified metal structure satisfies the following equations:?C wt. %!.times.?O wt. %!.ltoreq.0.006, for the steel pipe containing C in an amount of less than 0.2 wt. %,?O wt. %!.ltoreq.0.03, for the steel pipe containing C in an amount of 0.2 wt. % or more.

Abstract: A lowly decarburizable spring steel comprises, on a weight basis, 0.51 to 0.70% of C, 0.15 to 2.50% of Si, 0.40 to 1.20% of Mn, 0.005 to 0.100% of Al, 0.005 to 0.050% of S, at least one of 0.05 to 0.30% of Ni and 0.05 to 1.00% of Cu and, optionally, at least one of 0.20 to 1.50% of Cr, 0.05 to 1.00% of Mo, 0.01 to 0.50% of V, 0.010 to 0.300% of Nb and 0.0005 to 0.0050% of B, and the balance consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The spring steel can be remarkably lowered in decarburizability during hot working and heat treatment thereof without need of any decarburization-proofing agents and any specific heat treatment equipment. Accordingly, it has a very excellent effect in that the decarburization thereof can be remarkably decreased with a low cost when it is applied to a coil spring, a flat spring or a torsion bar.

Abstract: In order to simplify the production of a nigh-resistance bobbin body made of an aluminum alloy, the following process steps are performed: (a) extruding or flow extruding an essentially cylindrical bobbin blank; (b) cutting the bobbin blank to a length including the desired bobbin body length plus an overlength sufficient to form end flanges on the bobbin body; (c) shaping end flanges at both ends of the bobbin body from the overlength portion; hardening the bobbin body; and age-hardening (aging) the bobbin body. Various process parameters are described.

Abstract: Corrosion of conventional refinery steels due to sulfur bearing, carboxylic acid containing hydrocarbon materials is minimized by forming on the surface of the steel a fine grain iron sulfide film where at least the steel surface is substantially all of a pearlite microstructure.

Abstract: A method for treating firearm barrels and components to achieve an end result of increased accuracy and extended barrel life. The method involves placing the firearm barrels and components into cryogenic processing and heat treating equipment. The processing temperature is then significantly lowered to about -300 F. and maintained for a predetermined time. The processing temperature is then raised back to ambient temperature. After achieving ambient temperature the processing temperature is then raised to about +300 F. and maintained for a predetermined time. Finally the processing temperature is lowered back to ambient temperature.

Abstract: An ultra-high strength low yield ratio line pipe steel has an excellent HAZ toughness and field weldability and has a tensile strength of at least 950 MPa (exceeding X100 of the API standard). The steel is of a low carbon-high Mn-Ni-Mo-Nb-trace Ti type selectively containing B, Cu, Cr and V, whenever necessary. Its micro-structure comprises a martensite/bainite and ferrite soft/hard two-phase mixed structure having a ferrite fraction of 20 to 90%. This ferrite contains 50 to 1000 of worked ferrite, and the ferrite grain size is not greater than 5 Am. The production of an ultra-high strength low yield ratio line pipe steel (exceeding X100) excellent in low temperature toughness and field weldability becomes possible. As a result, the safety of a pipeline can be remarkably improved, and execution efficiency and transportation efficiency of the pipeline can be drastically improved.

Abstract: A wire for gas metal arc welding containing 0.01 to 0.06 wt % of C, 0.10 to 0.60 wt % of Si, 0.9 to 3.1 wt % of Mn, 0.7 to 2.0 wt % of Cr, 0.005 to 0.06% of Ti, not greater than 0.08 wt % of Al and if necessary, 0.05 to 0.30 wt % of Cu, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. This wire improves the selective corrosion resistance and the low temperature toughness of the resulting weld metal, and is particularly suitable for circumferential welding of line pipes for transporting CO.sub.2 -containing petroleum, natural gases or CO.sub.2.

Abstract: A method and a system for heat treating an impact beam of an automotive vehicle door. Hot rolled steel sheets are prepared having a composition consisting essentially of 0.18% to 0.22% carbon; 1.0 to 1.5% manganese; 0.15 to 0.4% silicon; not more than 0.025% phosphorous; not more than 0.008% nitrogen; not more than 0.0010% sulfur; 0.01 to 0.04 aluminum; 0.001 to 0.003% boron; 0.1 to 0.3% chromium; 0.01 to 0.035% titanium; and the balance essentially iron, roll-forming and welding the steel sheets to make a tube-shaped impact beam. The heat treatment is carried out by high frequency induction heating and air cooling the impact beam, and water cooling the heat treated and air cooled impact beam.

Abstract: A high tensile strength, low yield ratio steel member has a steel composition consisting essentially of, by weight:C: 0.15-0.40%, Si: 0.10-0.70%, Mn: 1.0-2.7%,Cr: 1.0-3.5%, sol.Al: 0.01-0.05%,P: not larger than 0.025%, S: not larger than 0.015%,Mo: 0-1.0% Ni: 0-2.5%,V: 0-0.10%, Ti: 0-0.10%, Nb: 0-0.10%,B: 0-0.0050%.Fe and incidental impurities: balance the below-described bainite index (%) of the steel composition being 0-50%, the steel being comprised of a single phase of martensite or a martensite and bainite duplex structure containing 50% or less of bainite.Bainite Index (%)=-209 C+43Si-48Mn-58Cr-0.416R+317wherein R is a cooling rate (.degree.C./min).

Abstract: This invention is of a Cr--Mo steel pipe of a wall thickness of 13 mm or less, containing C: 0.03-0.10 wt %, Si: 0.50-1.00 wt %, Mn: 0.30-0.60 wt %, P.ltoreq.0.007 wt %, S.ltoreq.0.020 wt %, Cr: 1.00-1.50 wt %, Mo: 0.45-0.65 wt %, Al: 0.002-0.010 wt % and N: 0.002-0.010 wt % and the remainder consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities for which preheating and postheating treatments for the prevention of weld cracking and stress corrosion cracking can be effectively omitted, said steel pipe of this invention being suitable for steam piping applications such as STPA23 used in power generation plants, etc.

Abstract: An electric-resistance-welded steel pipe with high strength consists essentially of 0.05 to 0.30 wt. % C, 0.6 to 2.0 wt. % Mn, 0.03 to 0.70 wt. % Si, and 0.01 to 0.05 wt. % Nb. The balance is Fe and inevitable impurities, the steel pipe having a martensitic phase ratio of 60 to 100% and having a tensile strength of 120 to 170 kgf/mm.sup.2.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant austenitic alloy suitable for use in heat transfer tubes for heat-recovery boilers which withstands uniform corrosion, intergranular corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking in refuse-fired boilers and black-liquor combustion boilers. The alloy consists essentially, on a weight basis, of C: not more than 0.05%, Si: not more than 4%, Mn: not more than 7.5%, Ni: 25-55%, Cr: more than 20% and not more than 35%, Mo: an amount satisfying the following inequality (1) when Mn(%).ltoreq.2.5 or inequality (2) when 2.5.ltoreq.Mn(%).ltoreq.7.5,Mo(%).ltoreq.5.8--[Ni(%)/10] (1)Mo(%).ltoreq.7.5--[Ni(%)/10] (2)optionally one or more of Nb, Ti, Zr, and V: 0.1-3% in total, one or more of Cu, Co, and W: 0.1-5% in total, N: 0.1-0.3%, Al: not more than 0.5%, and at least one rare earth metal: 0.01-0.1% in total, and the balance of Fe and incidental impurities in which the content of P is not more than 0.030% and that of S is not more than 0.010%.

Abstract: A Cr-Mo steel pipe having a wall thickness of 5 to 25 mm consisting essentially of 0.03 to 0.10 wt. % C, 0.5 to 1.0 wt. % Si, 0.3 to 0.6 wt. % Mn, 0.02 wt. % or less P, 0.007 wt. % or less S, 1.0 to 1.5 wt. % Cr, 0.45 to 0.65 wt. % Mo, 0.002 to 0.1 wt. % Al, 0.002 to 0.01 wt. % N, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. In the method of welding the Cr-Mo steel pipe, the Cr-Mo steel pipe is welded by shielded metal arc welding without a preheat treatment and/or a post weld heat treatment.

Abstract: An electric-resistance-welded steel pipe with high strength. The pipe consists essentially of (a) 0.05 to 0.30 wt. % C, (b) 0.6 to 2.0 wt. % Mn, (c) 0.03 to 0.70 wt. % Si, (d) (i) 0.5 wt. % or less Mo by itself or (ii) 0.5 wt. % or less Mo with 1.2 wt. % or less Cr or (iii) 0.5 wt. % or less Mo with 0.1 wt. % or less V or (iv) 0.1 wt. % or less V and (e) the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities. The steel pipe has a martensitic phase in an amount of 60 to 100% and has a tensile strength of 120 to 170 kgf/mm.sup.2. The steel pipe is useful as an impact bar for the inside of an automobile door.

Abstract: An economical steel for a reinforcement tube which steel meets the minimum requirements for reinforcement tubes, has a composition as follows: 0.15-0.25 % Carbon, 3.40-6.10 % Manganese, 0-1.0 % Nickel, 0-1.0 % Chromium, 0-1.0 % Molybdenum, 0-0.15 % Vanadium, max. 0.03 % Phosphorous, max. 0.03 % Sulfur, max. 0.6 % Silicon, max. 0.05 % Aluminum, with the remainder being iron and usual impurities, such that the sum total of the content of manganese, nickel, chromium, molybdenum and ten times the content of vanadium equals at least 4.5 wt. %.

Abstract: Ferritic-austenitic duplex stainless steel comprising the following components in the following proportions in % by weight:0<C.ltoreq.0.08,______________________________________ Si 0.2-2.0, Mn 0.2-2.0, Cr 19.0-30.0, Ni 3.0-9.0, Mo 1.0-5.0, Cu 0.5-3.0, Co 0.2-4.0, N 0.05-0.35, ______________________________________the balance being substantially Fe and inevitable impurities, the proportions of Cr and Ni having the correlation of19.0.ltoreq.Cr<24.0 and 3.0.ltoreq.Ni.ltoreq.8.0, or 24.0.ltoreq.Cr.ltoreq.30.0 and 4.0.ltoreq.Ni.ltoreq.9.0the micro structure of the steel containing delta-ferrite phase in an amount of 30 to 70% in area ratio.

Abstract: Seamless steel tubes suitable for use as grades of casing and line pipe having yield strengths in excess of 70,000 psi, without being heat treated, are made of an alloy comprising, by weight, about 0.10% to 0.18% carbon, about 1.0% to 2.0% manganese, about 0.10% to 0.16% vanadium, about 0.008% to 0.012% titanium and about 150 parts per million to 220 parts per million nitrogen, the balance comprising iron and incidental impurities. Strains are applied to the shell in a stretch reducing mill below the T.sub.nr of the steel and above the A.sub.r3 to provoke dynamic recrystallization. The nitrogen and vanadium are preferably introduced to the steel during alloying in the form of a VN alloying agent. The vanadium, titanium and nitrogen are predominantly present as vanadium nitride and titanium nitride. The steel may also comprise 0.03% to 0.05% aluminum by weight.

Abstract: A method for strengthening a pressure resistant property of a hollowed structure made of a metallic material and a pressure resistant hollowed structure made by such method. The method includes providing a temperature differential in a thickness direction between an outer side and an inner side of the metallic material with an arranged sufficient to generate a stress not exceeding a yielding stress of the metallic material. The outer side and inner side are pressurized so as to superimposed a stress generated by the pressurizing and the stress caused by the temperature differential reaching the yielding stress of the metallic material. The pressure is released subsequent to the superimposed stress reaching a level of the yielding stress of the metallic material.

Abstract: An electric resistance welded steel pipe for machine structural use exhibiting excellent machinability comprises, in weight percent, 0.02-0.60% C, not more than 0.4% Si, 0.20-2.0% Mn, not more than 0.030% P, not more than 0.040% S, 0.001--0.030% T.Al, 0.0020-0.0100% N, not more than 0.0060% O, and one or both of not more than 0.040% Bi, not more than 0.040% Pb and not, Te and provided that the total amount of Bi and pb is not more than 0.050%, the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities. It may further comprise one or both of 0.10-1.50% Cr and 0.10-0.60% Mo and/or not more than 0.020% Ca, provided that Ca%/(1.25.times.0%+0.625.times.S%).gtoreq.0.05.

Abstract: An automobile body reinforcing steel pipe having a wall thickness-to-outer diameter ratio, t/D, defined by:0.09-4.8.times.10.sup.-5 .times.L.ltoreq.t/D.ltoreq.0.16-6.0.times.10.sup.-5 .times.Lwhere L(mm) is a span of a bending load applied to the pipe. The pipe has a tensile strength of 120 kgf/mm.sup.2 or more and an elongation of 10% or more, and is preferably made of a steel consisting of 0.15-0.25 wt % C, 1.8 wt % or less Mn, 0.5 wt % or less Si, 0.04 wt % or less Ti, 0.0003-0.0035 wt % B, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities including 0.0080 wt % or less N. A process for producing the steel pipe comprises: coiling a hot rolled steel sheet at a temperature of 600.degree. C. or higher; electric welding the adjoining edges of the sheet to form a steel pipe; and quench hardening the pipe.

Abstract: Herein described is a high strength steel pipe for reinforcing doors of a car, comprising a steel pipe made by seam-welding a steel sheet, wherein a ratio (Hv.sub.1 /Hv.sub.2) of a minimum hardness in a softened area of a weld affected zone to an average hardness in a base material satisfies the following formula,-0.001.sigma.B+1.05.gtoreq.Hv.sub.1 /Hv.sub.2 .gtoreq.-0.003.sigma.B+1.05wherein.sigma.B: tensile strength (kgf/mm.sup.2) andHv.sub.1, Hv.sub.2 : Vickers hardnessand a ratio (.sigma.y/.sigma.B) of a yield strength .sigma.y to a tensile strength .sigma.B of a steel pipe is 0.7 or more.

Abstract: A flexible tube for the exhaust system of an automobile made from a stainless steel is disclosed, which consists essentially of, by weight %:______________________________________ C: at most 0.03%, Si: 0.1-2.0%, Mn: at most 2.0%, Cr: 18-26%, Ni: 16-30%, Mo: 1.0-3.0%, Ti: 0-0.25%, Nb: 0-1.5%, and ______________________________________a remainder of Fe and incidental impurities, of the impurities, the amount of oxygen being .ltoreq.50 ppm, the amount of S being .ltoreq.20 ppm, and the amount of P being .ltoreq.150 ppm, and the amounts of O, S, and P satisfying the formula1350>25X Oxygen+20XS+P (ppm).

Abstract: A carbon deposition preventive double-layered tube for handling carbon compounds at not less than 500.degree. C., the double-layered tube comprising:(a) the layer to be exposed to the carbon compounds, constructed from an alloy which is composed of Cr, Ni, and Fe in porportions shown within a triangular region I of an equilibrium diagram (FIG.

Abstract: A valve guide and a method for the manufacture thereof are described. The valve guide is a tubular article having a length to outer diameter ratio greater than about 1.5 and is made of a ferrous material by a PM route. The pressed guide is infiltrated by preparing a sheet of the infiltrant alloy, rolling the sheet into a cylinder and inserting it into the guide bore followed preferably by, simultaneous sintering and infiltration.

Abstract: A high-strength martensitic stainless steel excellent in corrosion resistance and stress corrosion cracking resistance, the composition of which comprises: 0.1% or less carbon, 1% or less silicon, 2% or less manganese, 8-14% chromium, 1.2-4.5% copper, 0.005-0.2% aluminum, 0.01-0.15% nitrogen, and the balance of iron except incidental elements. The stainless steel can contain nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, titanium, niobium, etc. under the fixed conditions in addition to the above elements. The heat treatment of the stainless steel comprises: the step of austenitizing at temperatures of 920.degree. C. to 1,000.degree. C., the step of cooling at a cooling rate equal to or higher than the air cooling rate, the step of tempering at temperatures between 580.degree. C. and A.sub.cl point, and the step of cooling at a cooling rate higher than the air cooling rate.

Abstract: A high-strength martensitic stainless steel excellent in corrosion resistance and stress corrosion cracking resistance, the composition of which comprises: under 0.03% carbon, 1% or less silicon, 2.3-7.0% manganese, 8-14% chromium, 0.005-0.2% aluminum, 0.005-0.15% nitrogen, and the balance of iron except incidental elements. The stainless steel can contain nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, copper, vanadium, titanium, niobium, zirconium, tanatalum, hafnium, calcium and rare earth elements under the fixed conditions in addition to the above elements. Heat treatment of the stainless steel comprises: the step of austenitizing at temperatures of 920.degree. C. to 1,100.degree. C., the step of cooling at a cooling rate equal to or higher than the air cooling rate, the step of tempering at temperatures between 580.degree. C. and A.sub.cl point, and the step of cooling at a cooling rate equal to or higher than the air cooling rate.

Abstract: This invention provides a non-magnetic, austenitic, corrosion resistant stainless steel alloy having improved machinability, a consistently reproduceable coefficient of thermal expansion, and an essentially ferrite-free structure. The alloy contains about 0.04-0.10 w/o C, 0.03-0.07 w/o N, 2.00 w/o max. Mn, 1.00 w/o max. Si, 0.045 w/o max. P, 0.015-0.10 S, 19.00-24.00 Cr, 0.75 w/o max. Mo, 12.00-18.00 w/o Ni, and the balance iron. The alloy is balanced so that no more than about 2 v/o ferrite as determined by the DeLong diagram is present and so that the coefficient of thermal expansion is about 14.5.times.10.sup.-6 to 16.5.times.10.sup.-6 per C..degree. within the temperature range of about -51 to 121C.This invention further provides articles, including a non-magnetic tube in a magnetically biased accelerometer having good corrosion resistance, a coefficient of thermal expansion of about 14.5.times.10.sup.-6 to 16.5.times.10.sup.-6 per C..degree.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for hardening the interior surface of a long, thin-walled, small inside diameter, tubular member, such as a tube which would be used to form a downhole pump barrel. More particularly, it relates to a process involving progressive heating with an internally positioned, electro-magnetic induction coil, followed by immediate quenching with a quench ring assembly, to develop a martensitic case on the inner surface of the tube. The invention further extends to the apparatus utilized in conducting the process, and to the product tube itself.

Abstract: Welded ferritic stainless steel tubing having high resistance to hydrogen embrittlement particularly adapted for use in heat exchangers handling chemical media containing hydrogen sulfide or nascent hydrogen and in cathodically protected heat exchangers. The ferritic stainless steel of the welded tubing consists essentially of, in weight percent, carbon at least 0.002, nitrogen at least 0.002, carbon plus nitrogen 0.02 max. and preferably 0.01 to 0.02, chromium 23 to 28, preferably 25 to 28, manganese up to 1, preferably up to 0.5, nickel 1 to 4, silicon up to 1, preferably up to 0.5, phosphorus up to 0.04, sulfur up to 0.02, preferably up to 0.005, molybdenum 2 to 5, preferably 2 to 4, aluminum up to 0.1, columbium 0.60 max. with columbium being at least equal to eight times carbon plus nitrogen, and the balance iron and incidental impurities.

Abstract: A ferritic alloy steel with high ductility and high toughness, and a controlled microstructure for making pipe molds for centrifugally casting pipe consisting essentially of from about 0.12% to about 0.22% carbon, about 0.4% to about 0.80% manganese, about 0.025% maximum phosphorus, about 0.025% maximum sulphur, about 0.15% to about 0.40% silicon, about 0.00% to about 0.55% nickel, about 0.80% to about 1.26% chromium, about 0.15% to about 0.60% molybdenum, about 0.03% to about 0.08% vanadium, and balance essentially iron.

Abstract: A low Si high-temperature strength steel tube with improved ductility and toughness which consists essentially of: not more than 0.10 wt % of carbon (C), not more than 0.15 wt % of silicon (Si), not more than 5 wt % of maganese (Mn), 20 to 30 wt % of cromium (Cr), 15 to 30 wt % of nickel (Ni), 0.15 to 0.35 wt % of nitrogen (N), 0.10 to 1.0 wt % of niobium (Nb) and not more than 0.005 wt % of oxygen (O.sub.2); and at least one of 0.020 to 0.1 wt % of aluminum (Al) and 0.003 to 0.02 wt % of magnesium (Mg) in an amount defined by the following formula:0.006 (%).ltoreq.1/5Al(%)+Mg(%).ltoreq.0.020 %the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: A high-strength, heat-resisting ferritic steel pipe or tube for boiler use containing 0.03 to 0.15% C, 0.1 to 1.5% Mn, 8 to 13% Cr, 1.8 to 3.0% W, 0.05 to 0.30% V, 0.02 to 0.12% Nb, 0.02 to 0.05% N, 0.02 to 0.4% Mo, and up to 0.25% Si. This pipe or tube has an improved high-temperature creep rupture strength and an excellent weldability and toughness.

Abstract: This invention relates to a heavy wall monolithic iron pipe comprising nodular graphite in the outer portion of its wall and flake or quasi-flake graphite in the inner portion of its wall and a method for making said pipe. The central portion of the wall of the pipe may be a combination of nodular graphite and flake or quasi-flake graphite.

Abstract: A highly tough, ERW steel pipe having a distinguished sour resistance is disclosed. The steel pipe is prepared from steel for production of ERW steel pipe containing 0.01 to 0.35% by weight of C; 0.02 to 0.5% by weight of Si; 0.1 to 1.8% by weight of Mn; more than 0.005% to 0.05% by weight of Al; 0.0005 to 0.008% by weight of Ca; 0.001 to 0.015% by weight of Zr; not more than 0.015% by weight of P; and not more than 0.003% by weight of S; a ratio of Zr/Al or (Ti+Zr)/Al being less than 2 by weight; or further containing (A) at least one of 0.2 to 0.6% by weight of Cu, 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of Ni and 0.2 to 3.0% by weight of Cr, and/or (B) at least one of 0.10 to 1.0% by weight of Mo, 0.01 to 0.15% by weight of Nb, 0.005 to 0.10% by weight of Ti and 0.01 to 0.15% by weight of V; the balance being Fe and impurities as a steel material; and the steel pipe has a welding part in which the content of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 contained in inclusions at welding heat affected zone is not more than 50% by weight.

Abstract: A structural member to be subjected to a hot gas atmosphere produced through reaction between coal and a gasifier such as oxygen, air, steam or hydrogen, in a gasification furnace for example. The structural member is made of an anti-sulfur attack Cr-Ni-Al-Si alloy steel which has a composition essentially consisting of, by weight, 0.03 to 0.3% of C, 1 to 10% of Si, not greater than 2.0% of Mn, 8 to 14% of Ni, 16 to 20% of Cr, 0.5 to 10% of Al and the balance not less than 50% of Fe.

Abstract: A high strength weldable seamless tube of low alloy steel containing 0.24 to 0.28 percent carbon, 1.30 to 1.50 percent manganese, 0.15 to 0.35 percent silicon, not more than 0.01 percent sulphur, not more than 0.03 percent phosphorous, not more than 0.20 percent copper, 0.13 to 0.20 percent chromium, 0.15 to 0.60 percent molybdenum, 0.007 to 0.05 percent of aluminum, not more than 0.02 percent nitrogen, 0.02 to 0.04 percent titanium, 0.0007 to 0.0025 percent boron, 0.02 to 0.10 percent niobium, and the balance iron. The tube is preferably heated to an austenization temperature of about 1,670.degree. F. and simultaneously internally and externally quenched by a special process that provides for high internal cooling rates followed by tempering at about 1,050.degree. F.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant steel tube such as a sheath heater steel tube and boiler tube which exhibit improved resistance to dry corrosion under high temperature dry-corrosive conditions in the presence of chlorides is disclosed. The steel consists essentially of, in % by weight:C: not more than 0.05%,Si: 0.1-2.0%, Mn: not more than 2.0%,Cr: 18-26%, Ni: 16-30%,at least one of Mo: 0.5-4.0%, W: 0.01-4.00%, andV: 0.01-4.00%,N: 0-0.25%,(Ti+Nb): 0-1.5%, andthe balance iron and incidental impurities.

Abstract: A high strength electric furnace, vacuum degassed and weldable seamless tube of low alloy steel containing 0.22 to 0.28% carbon, 1.20 to 1.4% manganese, not more than 0.035% phosphorus, not more than 0.02 sulphur, 0.15 to 0.35% silicon, 0.20 to 0.30% chromium, not more than 0.05% nickel, 0.15 to 0.60% molybdenum, 0.02 to 0.04% titanium, 0.0007 to 0.0025% boron, 0.007 to 0.050% aluminum and the balance iron. Where the pipe has a wall thickness of 11/8 inch or less the percentage molybdenum is preferably 0.15 to 0.20% whereas if the wall thickness is 1.18 inches or greater the preferred molybdenum content is 0.40 to 0.60%. The pipe is preferably heated to an austenization temperature of about 1,550.degree. F. followed by simultaneous internal and external quenching and tempering at a temperature of about 1140.degree. F.

Abstract: It has been found that modifying standard Zircaloy alloy processing techniques by limiting the working and annealing temperatures utilized after conventional beta treatment results in Zircaloy alloy product having superior high temperature steam corrosion resistance.